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Yue N, Jin Q, Li C, Zhang L, Cao J, Wu C. Recent advances in CD5 + diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2024:10.1007/s00277-024-05974-8. [PMID: 39196380 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05974-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), is substantially heterogeneous. Approximately 5-10% of DLBCLs express CD5, which makes CD5+ DLBCL a rare subgroup. Different studies have shown that CD5+ DLBCL patients are often older and female and have higher lactate dehydrogenase levels, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status > 1, and higher International Prognostic Index (IPI) scores. Moreover, patients often have advanced stage disease with a high incidence of central nervous system (CNS) relapse and bone marrow involvement. CD5+ DLBCL cells are more likely to express MYC, BCL-2, and MUM-1, less likely to express CD10, and most belong to the activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype. The potential mechanisms underlying the poor prognosis of CD5+ DLBCL patients may be related to CD5-mediated B-cell receptor (BCR)-dependent and -independent pathways. The efficacy of the traditional rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) regimen is unsatisfactory in CD5+ DLBCL patients. Despite supporting evidence from retrospective studies, it is currently unclear whether dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin plus rituximab (DA-EPOCH-R) can improve outcomes in this population. Several new drugs, such as Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi), BCL-2 inhibitors, and CXCR4 antagonists, as well as immunotherapy, may help to improve the prognosis of CD5+ DLBCL patients, but additional clinical explorations are needed to determine the optimal therapeutic strategy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Yue
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Qiqi Jin
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Cuicui Li
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Litian Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Jiajia Cao
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Chongyang Wu
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China.
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Zhong QH, Zha SW, Lau ATY, Xu YM. Recent knowledge of NFATc4 in oncogenesis and cancer prognosis. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:212. [PMID: 35698138 PMCID: PMC9190084 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02619-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 (NFATc4), a transcription factor of NFAT family, which is activated by Ca2+/calcineurin signaling. Recently, it is reported that aberrantly activated NFATc4 participated and modulated in the initiation, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of various cancers (including cancers of the lung, breast, ovary, cervix, skin, liver, pancreas, as well as glioma, primary myelofibrosis and acute myelocytic leukemia). In this review, we cover the latest knowledge on NFATc4 expression pattern, post-translational modification, epigenetic regulation, transcriptional activity regulation and its downstream targets. Furthermore, we perform database analysis to reveal the prognostic value of NFATc4 in various cancers and discuss the current unexplored areas of NFATc4 research. All in all, the result from these studies strongly suggest that NFATc4 has the potential as a molecular therapeutic target in multiple human cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Hua Zhong
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-Wei Zha
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Andy T. Y. Lau
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ming Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
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3
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Kamada S, Ikeda K, Suzuki T, Sato W, Kitayama S, Kawakami S, Ichikawa T, Horie K, Inoue S. Clinicopathological and Preclinical Patient-Derived Model Studies Define High Expression of NRN1 as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Target for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:758503. [PMID: 34804954 PMCID: PMC8595331 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.758503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acquired therapeutic resistance and metastasis/recurrence remain significant challenge in advance renal cell carcinoma (RCC), thus the establishment of patient-derived cancer models may provide a clue to assess the problem. We recently characterized that neuritogenesis-related protein neuritin 1 (NRN1) functions as an oncogene in testicular germ cell tumor. This study aims to elucidate the role of NRN1 in RCC. Methods NRN1 expression in clinical RCC specimens was analyzed based on immunohistochemistry. NRN1-associated genes in RCC were screened by the RNA-sequencing dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RCC patient-derived cancer cell (RCC-PDC) spheroid cultures were established and their viabilities were evaluated under the condition of gene silencing/overexpression. The therapeutic effect of NRN1-specific siRNA was evaluated in RCC-PDC xenograft models. Results NRN1 immunoreactivity was positively associated with shorter overall survival in RCC patients. In TCGA RCC RNA-sequencing dataset, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), a prognostic and stemness-related factor in RCC, is a gene whose expression is substantially correlated with NRN1 expression. Gain- and loss-of-function studies in RCC-PDC spheroid cultures revealed that NRN1 significantly promotes cell viability along with the upregulation of CXCR4. The NRN1-specific siRNA injection significantly suppressed the proliferation of RCC-PDC-derived xenograft tumors, in which CXCR4 expression is significantly repressed. Conclusion NRN1 can be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in RCC as analyzed by preclinical patient-derived cancer models and clinicopathological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Kamada
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Wataru Sato
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Sachi Kitayama
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoru Kawakami
- Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ichikawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kuniko Horie
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous entity, and cell surface cluster of differentiation (CD) 5 expression may represent a distinct subset. Here, we provide a narrative review of CD5+ DLBCL to understand its clinical implications. Between 5-10% of DLBCL express CD5, making it an uncommon subset. Studies have variably shown that CD5+ DLBCL may be associated with increased age, high lactate dehydrogenase, B symptoms, extra-nodal sites, higher International Prognostic Index score, and advanced stage. CD5+ DLBCLs are more likely to express Bcl-2, MYC, and MUM1; a large proportion exhibit an activated B-cell (ABC)-like phenotype. The balance of studies generally supports an independent prognostic value of CD5 in DLBCL While more aggressive first-line regimens have been advocated for CD5+ DLBCL, including dose-adjusted R-EPOCH and autologous stem cell transplant, evidence to support these approaches is lacking; further study is warranted to identify the optimal treatment strategy for this disease entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urshila Durani
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Stephen M Ansell
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Wu Y, Li YJ, Shi LL, Liu Y, Wang Y, Bao X, Xu W, Yao LY, Mbadhi MN, Chen L, Li S, Li XY, Zhang ZF, Zhao S, Zhang RN, Chen SY, Zhang JX, Jun-mingTang. Spatio-temporal model of Meox1 expression control involvement of Sca-1-positive stem cells in neointima formation through the synergistic effect of Rho/CDC42 and SDF-1α/CXCR4. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:387. [PMID: 34233723 PMCID: PMC8262022 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02466-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Neointimal hyperplasia remains a major obstacle in vascular regeneration. Sca-1-positive progenitor cells residing within the vascular adventitia play a crucial role in the assemblage of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) and the formation of the intimal lesion. However, the underlying mechanisms during vascular injury are still unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Aneointimal formation rat model was prepared by carotid artery injury using 2F-Forgaty. After vascular injury, Meox1 expressions time-dependently increased during the neointima formation, with its levels concurrently increasing in the adventitia, media, and neointima. Meox1 was highly expressed in the adventitia on the first day after vascular injury compared to the expression levels in the media. Conversely, by the 14th day post-injury, Meox1 was extensively expressed more in the media and neointima than the adventitia. Analogous to the change of Meox1 in injured artery, Sca-1+ progenitor cells increased in the adventitia wall in a time-dependent manner and reached peak levels on the 7th day after injury. More importantly, this effect was abolished by Meox1 knockdown with shRNA. The enhanced expression of SDF-1α after vascular injury was associated with the markedly enhanced expression levels of Sca1+ progenitor cell, and these levels were relatively synchronously increased within neointima by the 7th day after vascular injury. These special effects were abolished by the knockdown of Meox1 with shRNA and inhibition of CXCR4 by its inhibitor, AMD3100. Finally, Meox1 concurrently regulated SDF-1α expressions in VSMC via activating CDC42, and CDC42 inhibition abolished these effects by its inhibitor, ZCL278. Also, Meox1 was involved in activation of the CXCR4 expression of Sca-1+ progenitor cells by CDC42. CONCLUSIONS Spatio-temporal model of Meox1 expression regulates theSca-1+progenitor cell migration during the formation of the neointima through the synergistic effect of Rho/CDC42 and SDF-1α/CXCR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuan-Jin Li
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liu-Liu Shi
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Bao
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Yuan Yao
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Magdaleena Naemi Mbadhi
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Chen
- Cental Lab, Guoyao-Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Yuan Li
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Feng Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruo-Nan Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-You Chen
- The Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Jing-Xuan Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun-mingTang
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Lu Y, Bohn-Wippert K, Pazerunas PJ, Moy JM, Singh H, Dar RD. Screening for gene expression fluctuations reveals latency-promoting agents of HIV. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2012191118. [PMID: 33836565 PMCID: PMC7980449 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2012191118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon treatment removal, spontaneous reactivation of latently infected T cells remains a major barrier toward curing HIV. Therapies that reactivate and clear the latent reservoir are only partially effective, while latency-promoting agents (LPAs) used to suppress reactivation and stabilize latency are understudied and lack diversity in their mechanisms of action. Here, we identify additional LPAs using a screen for gene-expression fluctuations (or "noise") that drive cell-fate specification and control HIV reactivation from latency. Single-cell protein dynamics of a minimal HIV gene circuit were monitored with time-lapse fluorescence microscopy. We screened 1,806 drugs, out of which 279 modulate noise magnitude or half autocorrelation time. Next, we tested the strongest noise modulators in a Jurkat T cell latency model and discovered three LPAs that would be overlooked by quantifying their mean expression levels alone. The LPAs reduced reactivation of latency in both Jurkat and primary cell models when challenged by synergistic and potent combinations of HIV activators. The two strongest LPAs, NSC 401005 and NSC 400938, are structurally and functionally related to inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase, a protein involved in maintaining redox balance in host cells. Experiments with multiple functional analogs revealed two additional LPAs, PX12 and tiopronin, and suggest a potential LPA family, within which some are commercially available and Food and Drug Administration-approved. The LPAs presented here may provide new strategies to complement antiretroviral treatments. Screening for gene expression noise holds the potential for drug discovery in other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Kathrin Bohn-Wippert
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Patrick J Pazerunas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Jennifer M Moy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Harpal Singh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Roy D Dar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801;
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
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7
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Xu Y, Sun W, Li F. De Novo CD5+ Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Biology, Mechanism, and Treatment Advances. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2020; 20:e782-e790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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8
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Xi Y, Qi Z, Ma J, Chen Y. PTEN loss activates a functional AKT/CXCR4 signaling axis to potentiate tumor growth and lung metastasis in human osteosarcoma cells. Clin Exp Metastasis 2019; 37:173-185. [PMID: 31571016 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-019-09998-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. Loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN or activation of chemokine receptor CXCR4 has been demonstrated to associate with OS respectively. However, the signaling mechanism underlying PTEN-mediated antitumor effect remains largely unknown, and the crosstalk between PTEN and CXCR4 in OS has not been investigated. Here, we uncover a PTEN/AKT/CXCR4 pathway nexus in highly tumorigenic and metastatic human 143B OS cells. Loss of PTEN activates AKT/CXCR4 signaling axis and regulates a series of tumor cell behaviors. Notably, ERK is inversely regulated by PTEN and its activation occurs downstream of AKT but upstream of CXCR4, suggesting this kinase to be an important mediator between AKT and CXCR4. In vivo studies show that overexpression of PTEN dramatically attenuates bone destruction, and this inhibition is associated with reduced CXCR4 expression in tumors. CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 also markedly suppresses tumor growth in the bone. In addition, PTEN overexpression or AMD3100 substantially inhibits tumor expansion in the lung. Our studies highlight a novel PTEN/AKT/CXCR4 signaling nexus in OS tumor growth and lung metastasis, and provide a strong rationale to consider PTEN restoration or CXCR4 blockade for the treatment of aggressive OS in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Xi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, China.
| | - Zonghua Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinfeng Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Division in Signaling Biology, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Rm 13-301, TMDT Bldg, 101 College St., Toronto, Canada.
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Chemotherapy induces adaptive drug resistance and metastatic potentials via phenotypic CXCR4-expressing cell state transition in ovarian cancer. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171044. [PMID: 28196146 PMCID: PMC5308810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OVC) patients who receive chemotherapy often acquire drug resistance within one year. This can lead to tumor reoccurrence and metastasis, the major causes of mortality. We report a transient increase of a small distinctive CXCR4High/CD24Low cancer stem cell population (CXCR4High) in A2780 and SKOV-3 OVC cell lines in response to cisplatin, doxorubicin, and paclitaxel, treatments. The withdrawal of the drug challenges reversed this cell-state transition. CXCR4High exhibits dormancy in drug resistance and mesenchymal-like invasion, migration, colonization, and tumor formation properties. The removal of this cell population from a doxorubicin-resistant A2780 lineage (A2780/ADR) recovered the sensitivity to drug treatments. A cytotoxic peptide (CXCR4-KLA) that can selectively target cell-surface CXCR4 receptor was further synthesized to investigate the therapeutic merits of targeting CXCR4High. This peptide was more potent than the conventional CXCR4 antagonists (AMD3100 and CTCE-9908) in eradicating the cancer stem cells. When used together with cytotoxic agents such as doxorubicin and cisplatin, the combined drug-peptide regimens exhibited a synergistic cell-killing effect on A2780, A2780/ADR, and SKOV-3. Our data suggested that chemotherapy could establish drug-resistant and tumor-initiating properties of OVC via reversible CXCR4 cell state transition. Therapeutic strategies designed to eradicate rather than antagonize CXCR4High might offer a far-reaching potential as supportive chemotherapy.
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Li GY, Wang YJ, Zhao TJ, Peng Y. Signaling pathways related to role of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells in liver fibrosis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:3933-3939. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i28.3933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is the pathological preprocess of liver cirrhosis or liver cancer progressing from chronic liver disease. Hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (HSECs) are involved in the formation and development of liver fibrosis through multiple signaling pathways. In this paper, we summarize and elaborate these signaling pathways including Rho-GTPase, CXCR7-Id1/FGFR1-CXCR4, VEGFR-2/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), MAPK, and TLRs. Based on these signaling pathways, we put forward new ideas for the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis.
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