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Kamenshchyk A, Belenichev I, Oksenych V, Kamyshnyi O. Combined Pharmacological Modulation of Translational and Transcriptional Activity Signaling Pathways as a Promising Therapeutic Approach in Children with Myocardial Changes. Biomolecules 2024; 14:477. [PMID: 38672493 PMCID: PMC11047929 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial hypertrophy is the most common condition that accompanies heart development in children. Transcriptional gene expression regulating pathways play a critical role both in cardiac embryogenesis and in the pathogenesis of congenital hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, neonatal posthypoxic myocardial hypertrophy, and congenital heart diseases. This paper describes the state of cardiac gene expression and potential pharmacological modulators at different transcriptional levels. An experimental model of perinatal cardiac hypoxia showed the downregulated expression of genes responsible for cardiac muscle integrity and overexpressed genes associated with energy metabolism and apoptosis, which may provide a basis for a therapeutic approach. Current evidence suggests that RNA drugs, theaflavin, neuraminidase, proton pumps, and histone deacetylase inhibitors are promising pharmacological agents in progressive cardiac hypertrophy. The different points of application of the above drugs make combined use possible, potentiating the effects of inhibition in specific signaling pathways. The special role of N-acetyl cysteine in both the inhibition of several signaling pathways and the reduction of oxidative stress was emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Kamenshchyk
- Department of Hospital Pediatrics, Zaporizhzhya State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 69035 Zaporizhzhya, Ukraine
| | - Igor Belenichev
- Department of Pharmacology, Zaporizhzhya State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 69035 Zaporizhzhya, Ukraine;
| | - Valentyn Oksenych
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Kamyshnyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine;
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2
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Noble RMN, Holody CD, Woodman AG, Nie C, Liu SN, Young D, Wiedemeyer A, Soni S, Dyck JRB, Graf D, Eckersley LG, Dufour A, Bourque SL. Perinatal iron restriction is associated with changes in neonatal cardiac function and structure in a sex-dependent manner. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1115-1130. [PMID: 37463130 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) is common during gestation and in early infancy and can alter developmental trajectories with lasting consequences on cardiovascular health. While the effects of ID and anemia on the mature heart are well documented, comparatively little is known about their effects and mechanisms on offspring cardiac development and function in the neonatal period. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an iron-restricted or iron-replete diet before and during pregnancy. Cardiac function was assessed in a cohort of offspring on postnatal days (PD) 4, 14, and 28 by echocardiography; a separate cohort was euthanized for tissue collection and hearts underwent quantitative shotgun proteomic analysis. ID reduced body weight and increased relative heart weights at all time points assessed, despite recovering from anemia by PD28. Echocardiographic studies revealed unique functional impairments in ID male and female offspring, characterized by greater systolic dysfunction in the former and greater diastolic dysfunction in the latter. Proteomic analysis revealed down-regulation of structural components by ID, as well as enriched cellular responses to stress; in general, these effects were more pronounced in males. ID causes functional changes in the neonatal heart, which may reflect an inadequate or maladaptive compensation to anemia. This identifies systolic and diastolic dysfunction as comorbidities to perinatal ID anemia which may have important implications for both the short- and long-term cardiac health of newborn babies. Furthermore, therapies which improve cardiac output may mitigate the effects of ID on organ development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan M N Noble
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Claudia D Holody
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Andrew G Woodman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Chunpeng Nie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Si Ning Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Daniel Young
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Alyssa Wiedemeyer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Shubham Soni
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jason R B Dyck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Daniel Graf
- School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Luke G Eckersley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Stephane L Bourque
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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3
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Fasudil, a ROCK inhibitor, preserves limb integrity in a mouse model of unilateral critical limb ischemia: Possible interplay of inflammatory and angiogenic signaling pathways. Life Sci 2022; 309:121019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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4
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Deutsch L, Debevec T, Millet GP, Osredkar D, Opara S, Šket R, Murovec B, Mramor M, Plavec J, Stres B. Urine and Fecal 1H-NMR Metabolomes Differ Significantly between Pre-Term and Full-Term Born Physically Fit Healthy Adult Males. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060536. [PMID: 35736470 PMCID: PMC9228004 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (before 37 weeks gestation) accounts for ~10% of births worldwide and remains one of the leading causes of death in children under 5 years of age. Preterm born adults have been consistently shown to be at an increased risk for chronic disorders including cardiovascular, endocrine/metabolic, respiratory, renal, neurologic, and psychiatric disorders that result in increased death risk. Oxidative stress was shown to be an important risk factor for hypertension, metabolic syndrome and lung disease (reduced pulmonary function, long-term obstructive pulmonary disease, respiratory infections, and sleep disturbances). The aim of this study was to explore the differences between preterm and full-term male participants' levels of urine and fecal proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) metabolomes, during rest and exercise in normoxia and hypoxia and to assess general differences in human gut-microbiomes through metagenomics at the level of taxonomy, diversity, functional genes, enzymatic reactions, metabolic pathways and predicted gut metabolites. Significant differences existed between the two groups based on the analysis of 1H-NMR urine and fecal metabolomes and their respective metabolic pathways, enabling the elucidation of a complex set of microbiome related metabolic biomarkers, supporting the idea of distinct host-microbiome interactions between the two groups and enabling the efficient classification of samples; however, this could not be directed to specific taxonomic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Deutsch
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (L.D.); (S.O.)
| | - Tadej Debevec
- Faculty of Sports, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jožef Stefan Institute, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gregoire P. Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Damjan Osredkar
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simona Opara
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (L.D.); (S.O.)
| | - Robert Šket
- Institute for Special Laboratory Diagnostics, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Boštjan Murovec
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Jamova 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Minca Mramor
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Janez Plavec
- National Institute of Chemistry, NMR Center, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Blaz Stres
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (L.D.); (S.O.)
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jožef Stefan Institute, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Institute of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-4156-7633
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5
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Cheang I, Zhu Q, Liao S, Li X. Current Understanding of piRNA in Cardiovascular Diseases. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2022; 1:791931. [PMID: 39087079 PMCID: PMC11285661 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2021.791931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The relationship regarding non-coding genomes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been explored in the past decade. As one of the leading causes of death, there remains a lack of sensitive and specific genomic biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of CVD. Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) is a group of small non-coding RNA (ncRNA) which associated with Piwi proteins. There is an emerging strong body of evidence in support of a role for ncRNAs, including piRNAs, in pathogenesis and prognosis of CVD. This article reviews the current evidence for piRNA-regulated mechanisms in CVD, which could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xinli Li
- First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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6
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Dimasi CG, Lazniewska J, Plush SE, Saini BS, Holman SL, Cho SKS, Wiese MD, Sorvina A, Macgowan CK, Seed M, Brooks DA, Morrison JL, Darby JRT. Redox ratio in the left ventricle of the growth restricted fetus is positively correlated with cardiac output. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202100157. [PMID: 34499415 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a result of limited substrate supply to the developing fetus in utero, and can be caused by either placental, genetic or environmental factors. Babies born IUGR can have poor long-term health outcomes, including being at higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Limited substrate supply in the IUGR fetus not only changes the structure of the heart but may also affect metabolism and function of the developing heart. We have utilised two imaging modalities, two-photon microscopy and phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI), to assess alterations in cardiac metabolism and function using a sheep model of IUGR. Two-photon imaging revealed that the left ventricle of IUGR fetuses (at 140-141 d GA) had a reduced optical redox ratio, suggesting a reliance on glycolysis for ATP production. Concurrently, the use of PC-MRI to measure foetal left ventricular cardiac output (LVCO) revealed a positive correlation between LVCO and redox ratio in IUGR, but not control fetuses. These data suggest that altered heart metabolism in IUGR fetuses is indicative of reduced cardiac output, which may contribute to poor cardiac outcomes in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine G Dimasi
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Joanna Lazniewska
- Mechanisms in Cell Biology and Disease Research Group, UniSA Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sally E Plush
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Brahmdeep S Saini
- Translational Medicine, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stacey L Holman
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Steven K S Cho
- Translational Medicine, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael D Wiese
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alexandra Sorvina
- Mechanisms in Cell Biology and Disease Research Group, UniSA Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher K Macgowan
- Translational Medicine, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mike Seed
- Translational Medicine, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Doug A Brooks
- Mechanisms in Cell Biology and Disease Research Group, UniSA Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Janna L Morrison
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jack R T Darby
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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7
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Bongiovanni C, Sacchi F, Da Pra S, Pantano E, Miano C, Morelli MB, D'Uva G. Reawakening the Intrinsic Cardiac Regenerative Potential: Molecular Strategies to Boost Dedifferentiation and Proliferation of Endogenous Cardiomyocytes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:750604. [PMID: 34692797 PMCID: PMC8531484 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.750604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable efforts carried out to develop stem/progenitor cell-based technologies aiming at replacing and restoring the cardiac tissue following severe damages, thus far no strategies based on adult stem cell transplantation have been demonstrated to efficiently generate new cardiac muscle cells. Intriguingly, dedifferentiation, and proliferation of pre-existing cardiomyocytes and not stem cell differentiation represent the preponderant cellular mechanism by which lower vertebrates spontaneously regenerate the injured heart. Mammals can also regenerate their heart up to the early neonatal period, even in this case by activating the proliferation of endogenous cardiomyocytes. However, the mammalian cardiac regenerative potential is dramatically reduced soon after birth, when most cardiomyocytes exit from the cell cycle, undergo further maturation, and continue to grow in size. Although a slow rate of cardiomyocyte turnover has also been documented in adult mammals, both in mice and humans, this is not enough to sustain a robust regenerative process. Nevertheless, these remarkable findings opened the door to a branch of novel regenerative approaches aiming at reactivating the endogenous cardiac regenerative potential by triggering a partial dedifferentiation process and cell cycle re-entry in endogenous cardiomyocytes. Several adaptations from intrauterine to extrauterine life starting at birth and continuing in the immediate neonatal period concur to the loss of the mammalian cardiac regenerative ability. A wide range of systemic and microenvironmental factors or cell-intrinsic molecular players proved to regulate cardiomyocyte proliferation and their manipulation has been explored as a therapeutic strategy to boost cardiac function after injuries. We here review the scientific knowledge gained thus far in this novel and flourishing field of research, elucidating the key biological and molecular mechanisms whose modulation may represent a viable approach for regenerating the human damaged myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bongiovanni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Sacchi
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Da Pra
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elvira Pantano
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Miano
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Bruno Morelli
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele D'Uva
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Bologna, Italy
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8
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Yang C, Zhao K, Chen X, Jiang L, Li P, Huang P. Pellino1 deficiency reprograms cardiomyocytes energy metabolism in lipopolysaccharide-induced myocardial dysfunction. Amino Acids 2021; 53:713-737. [PMID: 33885999 PMCID: PMC8128834 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-02978-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pellino1 has been shown to regulate proinflammatory genes by activating the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways, which are important in the pathological development of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocarditis. However, it is still unknown whether silencing Pellino1 (si-Pellino1) has a therapeutic effect on this disease. Here, we showed that silencing Pellino1 can be a potential protective strategy for abnormal myocardial energy metabolism in LPS-induced myocarditis. We used liquid chromatography electrospray–ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to analyze samples from si-Pellino1 neonatal rat cardiac myocytes (NRCMs) treated with LPS or left untreated. After normalization of the data, metabolite interaction analysis of matched KEGG pathway associations following si-Pellino1 treatment was applied, accompanied by interaction analysis of gene and metabolite associations after this treatment. Moreover, we used western blot (WB) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses to determine the expression of genes involved in regulating cardiac energy and energy metabolism in different groups. LC–MS-based metabolic profiling analysis demonstrated that si-Pellino1 treatment could alleviate or even reverse LPS-induced cellular damage by altering cardiomyocytes energy metabolism accompanied by changes in key genes (Cs, Cpt2, and Acadm) and metabolites (3-oxoocotanoyl-CoA, hydroxypyruvic acid, lauroyl-CoA, and NADPH) in NRCMs. Overall, our study unveiled the promising cardioprotective effect of silencing Pellino1 in LPS-induced myocarditis through fuel and energy metabolic regulation, which can also serve as biomarkers for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Cardiology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xufeng Chen
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Peipei Huang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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9
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Developmental programming of cardiovascular function: a translational perspective. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:3023-3046. [PMID: 33231619 DOI: 10.1042/cs20191210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) is a concept linking pre- and early postnatal exposures to environmental influences with long-term health outcomes and susceptibility to disease. It has provided a new perspective on the etiology and evolution of chronic disease risk, and as such is a classic example of a paradigm shift. What first emerged as the 'fetal origins of disease', the evolution of the DOHaD conceptual framework is a storied one in which preclinical studies played an important role. With its potential clinical applications of DOHaD, there is increasing desire to leverage this growing body of preclinical work to improve health outcomes in populations all over the world. In this review, we provide a perspective on the values and limitations of preclinical research, and the challenges that impede its translation. The review focuses largely on the developmental programming of cardiovascular function and begins with a brief discussion on the emergence of the 'Barker hypothesis', and its subsequent evolution into the more-encompassing DOHaD framework. We then discuss some fundamental pathophysiological processes by which developmental programming may occur, and attempt to define these as 'instigator' and 'effector' mechanisms, according to their role in early adversity. We conclude with a brief discussion of some notable challenges that hinder the translation of this preclinical work.
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10
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Thompson LP, Turan S, Aberdeen GW. Sex differences and the effects of intrauterine hypoxia on growth and in vivo heart function of fetal guinea pigs. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 319:R243-R254. [PMID: 32639864 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00249.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that the physiological adaptations of the fetus in response to chronic intrauterine hypoxia depend on its sex and the gestational age of exposure. Pregnant guinea pigs were exposed to room air (normoxia, NMX) or 10.5% O2 (hypoxia, HPX) at either 25 days (early onset) or 50 days (late onset) of gestation until term (~65 days). We evaluated the effects of HPX on hemodynamic and cardiac function indices using Doppler ultrasound and determined sex-related differences in near-term fetuses. Indices of uterine/umbilical artery pulsatility (PI index) and fetal heart systolic and diastolic function [Tei index and passive filling (E-wave) to filling due to atrial contraction (A-wave) (E/A ratios), respectively] were measured in utero and fetal body (FBW) and organ weights measured from extracted fetuses. Both early- and late-onset HPX decreased FBW in both males and females, had no effect on placenta weights, and increased placenta weight-to-FBW ratios. Early- but not late-onset HPX increased uterine artery PI, but neither HPX condition affected umbilical artery PI. Early-onset HPX increased left ventricle E/A ratios in both males and females, whereas late-onset HPX increased the right ventricle E/A ratio in females only. Hypoxia had no effect on the Tei index in either sex. Early- and late-onset HPX induce placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction and increase diastolic filling depending on the sex, with female fetuses having a greater capacity than males to compensate for intrauterine hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren P Thompson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shifa Turan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Graham W Aberdeen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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11
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Ye L, Qiu L, Feng B, Jiang C, Huang Y, Zhang H, Zhang H, Hong H, Liu J. Role of Blood Oxygen Saturation During Post-Natal Human Cardiomyocyte Cell Cycle Activities. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2020; 5:447-460. [PMID: 32478207 PMCID: PMC7251192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Blood oxygen saturation (SaO2) is one of the most important environmental factors in clinical heart protection. This study used human heart samples and human induced pluripotent stem cell-cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) to assess how SaO2 affects human CM cell cycle activities. The results showed that there were significantly more cell cycle markers in the moderate hypoxia group (SaO2: 75% to 85%) than in the other 2 groups (SaO2 <75% or >85%). In iPSC-CMs 15% and 10% oxygen (O2) treatment increased cell cycle markers, whereas 5% and rapid change of O2 decreased the markers. Moderate hypoxia is beneficial to the cell cycle activities of post-natal human CMs.
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Key Words
- CHD, congenital heart disease
- CM, cardiomyocytes
- IF, immunofluorescence
- LV, lentivirus
- O2, oxygen
- SaO2, blood oxygen saturation
- TOF, tetralogy of Fallot
- YAP1, yes-associated protein 1
- blood oxygen saturation
- cardiomyocyte
- congenital heart disease
- iPSC, induced pluripotent stem cell
- pATM, phosphorylated ataxia telangiectasia mutated
- pHH3, phospho-histone H3
- pediatric patients
- proliferation
- qPCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction
- sh, short hairpin
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Affiliation(s)
- Lincai Ye
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisheng Qiu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Feng
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhui Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifa Hong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfen Liu
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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Tissue damage in the heart after cardiac arrest induced by asphyxia and hemorrhage in newborn pigs. Pediatr Res 2019; 86:709-718. [PMID: 31336381 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0505-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asphyxia of newborns is a severe and frequent challenge of the peri- and postnatal period. METHODS Forty-four neonatal piglets underwent asphyxia and hemorrhage (AH), followed by resuscitation with blood or crystalloid transfusion. In this study, 15 piglets (blood n = 9, NaCl n = 6, mean age 31 h) were randomly chosen. Four hours after return of spontaneous circulation, heart tissue and blood were collected. Analyses of heart fatty acid binding protein (HFABP), cardiac troponin I (TnI) levels, and activation of the complement system were performed. Histological staining for connexin 43 (Cx43) and complement C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) was performed. RESULTS Following AH, systemic elevation of cardiac TnI and HFABP revealed cardiac damage in both groups. Systemic activation of the complement system and the appearance of extracellular histones in plasma of the blood transfusion group were observed. The Cx43 was translocated from the intercalated discs to the cytosol after AH. Cardiac glycogen concentration was reduced in both groups. A significant reduction of C5aR1 in the left ventricle and a significant elevation of the heart injury score were investigated after blood transfusion. CONCLUSION AH leads to alteration of the heart, particularly in Cx43 and glycogen reserves, as well as local inflammation.
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13
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Baumann P, Wiegert S, Greco F, Wellmann S, L'Abate P, Cannizzaro V. Mechanical ventilation strategies alter cardiovascular biomarkers in an infant rat model. Physiol Rep 2019; 6. [PMID: 29380954 PMCID: PMC5789718 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is routinely used in pediatric general anesthesia and critical care, but may adversely affect the cardiocirculatory system. Biomarkers are increasingly measured to assess cardiovascular status and improve clinical treatment decision-making. As the impact of mechanical ventilation strategies on cardiovascular biomarkers in ventilated infants is largely unknown, we conducted this retrospective study in a healthy in vivo infant rat ventilation model using 14-days old Wistar rats. We hypothesized that 2 h of mechanical ventilation with high and low positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), hyperoxemia, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and hypocapnia would significantly impact B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and endothelin-1 (ET-1). We found BNP to be driven by both high (9 cmH2 O) and low (1 cmH2 O) PEEP compared to ventilated control animals (P < 0.05). VEGF concentrations were associated with high PEEP, hyperoxemia, hypoxemia, and hypocapnia (P < 0.05), whereas ET-1 levels were changed only in response to hypoxemia (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the mode of mechanical ventilation alters plasma biomarker concentrations. Moreover, BNP and VEGF might serve as surrogate parameters for ventilation induced cardiovascular compromise and lung tissue damage. Furthermore, our data support the hypothesis, that sudden onset of hyperoxemia may trigger a quick VEGF release as a possible cellular survival reflex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Baumann
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Neonatology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Wiegert
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Neonatology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Centre for Integrative Human Physiology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Greco
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Neonatology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Centre for Integrative Human Physiology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sven Wellmann
- Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pietro L'Abate
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Neonatology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vincenzo Cannizzaro
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Neonatology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Centre for Integrative Human Physiology, Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Ducsay CA, Goyal R, Pearce WJ, Wilson S, Hu XQ, Zhang L. Gestational Hypoxia and Developmental Plasticity. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1241-1334. [PMID: 29717932 PMCID: PMC6088145 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00043.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is one of the most common and severe challenges to the maintenance of homeostasis. Oxygen sensing is a property of all tissues, and the response to hypoxia is multidimensional involving complicated intracellular networks concerned with the transduction of hypoxia-induced responses. Of all the stresses to which the fetus and newborn infant are subjected, perhaps the most important and clinically relevant is that of hypoxia. Hypoxia during gestation impacts both the mother and fetal development through interactions with an individual's genetic traits acquired over multiple generations by natural selection and changes in gene expression patterns by altering the epigenetic code. Changes in the epigenome determine "genomic plasticity," i.e., the ability of genes to be differentially expressed according to environmental cues. The genomic plasticity defined by epigenomic mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs during development is the mechanistic substrate for phenotypic programming that determines physiological response and risk for healthy or deleterious outcomes. This review explores the impact of gestational hypoxia on maternal health and fetal development, and epigenetic mechanisms of developmental plasticity with emphasis on the uteroplacental circulation, heart development, cerebral circulation, pulmonary development, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and adipose tissue. The complex molecular and epigenetic interactions that may impact an individual's physiology and developmental programming of health and disease later in life are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles A. Ducsay
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Ravi Goyal
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - William J. Pearce
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Sean Wilson
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Xiang-Qun Hu
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Lubo Zhang
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
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15
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Camm EJ, Botting KJ, Sferruzzi-Perri AN. Near to One's Heart: The Intimate Relationship Between the Placenta and Fetal Heart. Front Physiol 2018; 9:629. [PMID: 29997513 PMCID: PMC6029139 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of the fetal heart is exquisitely controlled by a multitude of factors, ranging from humoral to mechanical forces. The gatekeeper regulating many of these factors is the placenta, an external fetal organ. As such, resistance within the placental vascular bed has a direct influence on the fetal circulation and therefore, the developing heart. In addition, the placenta serves as the interface between the mother and fetus, controlling substrate exchange and release of hormones into both circulations. The intricate relationship between the placenta and fetal heart is appreciated in instances of clinical placental pathology. Abnormal umbilical cord insertion is associated with congenital heart defects. Likewise, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, where monochorionic twins have unequal sharing of their placenta due to inter-twin vascular anastomoses, can result in cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in both fetuses. Moreover, epidemiological studies have suggested a link between placental phenotypic traits and increased risk of cardiovascular disease in adult life. To date, the mechanistic basis of the relationships between the placenta, fetal heart development and later risk of cardiac dysfunction have not been fully elucidated. However, studies using environmental exposures and gene manipulations in experimental animals are providing insights into the pathways involved. Likewise, surgical instrumentation of the maternal and fetal circulations in large animal species has enabled the manipulation of specific humoral and mechanical factors to investigate their roles in fetal cardiac development. This review will focus on such studies and what is known to date about the link between the placenta and heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Camm
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience and Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kimberley J Botting
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience and Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience and Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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16
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Shin AN, Han L, Dasgupta C, Huang L, Yang S, Zhang L. SIRT1 increases cardiomyocyte binucleation in the heart development. Oncotarget 2018; 9:7996-8010. [PMID: 29487709 PMCID: PMC5814276 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT1 regulates cell senescence. We investigated a novel role of SIRT1 in the regulation of cardiomyocyte terminal differentiation in the developing heart. Retinoic acid (RA)-induced binucleation of H9c2 cells was associated with increased SIRT1 expression. Inhibition of SIRT1 activity or expression significantly decreased RA-induced binucleation. SIRT1 expression was minimal in the fetal heart and significantly upregulated in the hearts of postnatal day 7 (P7) rat pups. In contrast, heart-specific miR-133a expression was high in the fetal heart but significantly reduced in P7 pup hearts. The miR-133a promoter contains a canonical HRE element and hypoxia upregulated miR-133a gene expression in the heart. SIRT1 mRNA 3′UTR has miR-133a binding sequences and miR-133a and hypoxia suppressed SIRT1 expression in cardiomyocytes. Of importance, inhibition of SIRT1 significantly reduced binucleated cardiomyocytes in the hearts of P7 pups. Taken together, the present study reveals a novel role of SIRT1 and its regulation by miR-133a in cardiomyocyte terminal differentiation of the developing heart, and suggests a potential therapeutic strategy that may impact cardiac function later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra N Shin
- The Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, California Baptist University, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Limin Han
- The Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Chiranjib Dasgupta
- The Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- The Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Shumei Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, San Bernardino, California, USA
| | - Lubo Zhang
- The Lawrence D. Longo MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
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17
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Xiao J, Liu H, Cretoiu D, Toader DO, Suciu N, Shi J, Shen S, Bei Y, Sluijter JP, Das S, Kong X, Li X. miR-31a-5p promotes postnatal cardiomyocyte proliferation by targeting RhoBTB1. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e386. [PMID: 29053138 PMCID: PMC5668467 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A limited number of microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) have been reported to control postnatal cardiomyocyte proliferation, but their strong regulatory effects suggest a possible therapeutic approach to stimulate regenerative capacity in the diseased myocardium. This study aimed to investigate the miRNAs responsible for postnatal cardiomyocyte proliferation and their downstream targets. Here, we compared miRNA profiles in cardiomyocytes between postnatal day 0 (P0) and day 10 (P10) using miRNA arrays, and found that 21 miRNAs were upregulated at P10, whereas 11 were downregulated. Among them, miR-31a-5p was identified as being able to promote cardiomyocyte proliferation as determined by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, double immunofluorescent labeling for α-actinin and 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) or Ki-67, and cell number counting, whereas miR-31a-5p inhibition could reduce their levels. RhoBTB1 was identified as a target gene of miR-31a-5p, mediating the regulatory effect of miR-31a-5p in cardiomyocyte proliferation. Importantly, neonatal rats injected with a miR-31a-5p antagomir at day 0 for three consecutive days exhibited reduced expression of markers of cardiomyocyte proliferation including PCNA expression and double immunofluorescent labeling for α-actinin and EdU, Ki-67 or phospho-histone-H3. In conclusion, miR-31a-5p controls postnatal cardiomyocyte proliferation by targeting RhoBTB1, and increasing miR-31a-5p level might be a novel therapeutic strategy for enhancing cardiac reparative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dragos Cretoiu
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.,Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Oana Toader
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Polizu Clinical Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicolae Suciu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Polizu Clinical Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.,Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute of Mother and Child Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shutong Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihua Bei
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Innovative Drug Research Center of Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Joost Pg Sluijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saumya Das
- Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinli Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Preserved heart function after left ventricular pressure overload in adult mice subjected to neonatal cardiac hypoplasia. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2017; 9:112-124. [PMID: 28737122 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174417000514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction in animal models reduces heart size and cardiomyocyte number at birth. Such incomplete cardiomyocyte endowment is believed to increase susceptibility toward cardiovascular disease in adulthood, a phenomenon referred to as developmental programming. We have previously described a mouse model of impaired myocardial development leading to a 25% reduction of cardiomyocyte number in neonates. This study investigated the response of these hypoplastic hearts to pressure overload in adulthood, applied by abdominal aortic constriction (AAC). Echocardiography revealed a similar hypertrophic response in hypoplastic hearts compared with controls over the first 2 weeks. Subsequently, control mice develop mild left ventricular (LV) dilation, wall thinning and contractile dysfunction 4 weeks after AAC, whereas hypoplastic hearts fully maintain LV dimensions, wall thickness and contractility. At the cellular level, controls exhibit increased cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area after 4 weeks pressure overload compared with sham operated animals, but this hypertrophic response is markedly attenuated in hypoplastic hearts. AAC mediated induction of fibrosis, apoptosis or cell cycle activity was not different between groups. Expression of fetal genes, indicative of pathological conditions, was similar in hypoplastic and control hearts after AAC. Among various signaling pathways involved in cardiac hypertrophy, pressure overload induces p38 MAP-kinase activity in hypoplastic hearts but not controls compared with the respective sham operated animals. In summary, based on the mouse model used in this study, our data indicates that adult hearts after neonatal cardiac hypoplasia show an altered growth response to pressure overload, eventually resulting in better functional outcome compared with controls.
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19
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Nuyt AM, Lavoie JC, Mohamed I, Paquette K, Luu TM. Adult Consequences of Extremely Preterm Birth: Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Risk Factors, Mechanisms, and Prevention Avenues. Clin Perinatol 2017; 44:315-332. [PMID: 28477663 DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Extremely preterm babies are exposed to various sources of injury during critical stages of development. The extremely preterm infant faces premature transition to ex utero physiology and undergoes adaptive mechanisms that may be deleterious in the long term because of permanent alterations in organ structure and function. Perinatal events can also directly cause structural injury. These disturbances induce morphologic and functional changes in their organ systems that might heighten their risks for later adult chronic diseases. This review examines the pathophysiology of programming of long-term health and diseases after preterm birth and associated perinatal risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Monique Nuyt
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada.
| | - Jean-Claude Lavoie
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Ibrahim Mohamed
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Katryn Paquette
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Thuy Mai Luu
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
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20
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Feridooni T, Hotchkiss A, Baguma-Nibasheka M, Zhang F, Allen B, Chinni S, Pasumarthi KBS. Effects of β-adrenergic receptor drugs on embryonic ventricular cell proliferation and differentiation and their impact on donor cell transplantation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 312:H919-H931. [PMID: 28283550 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00425.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
β-Adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) and catecholamines are present in rodents as early as embryonic day (E)10.5. However, it is not known whether β-AR signaling plays any role in the proliferation and differentiation of ventricular cells in the embryonic heart. Here, we characterized expression profiles of β-AR subtypes and established dose-response curves for the nonselective β-AR agonist isoproterenol (ISO) in the developing mouse ventricular cells. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of ISO on cell cycle activity and differentiation of cultured E11.5 ventricular cells. ISO treatment significantly reduced tritiated thymidine incorporation and cell proliferation rates in both cardiac progenitor cell and cardiomyocyte populations. The ISO-mediated effects on DNA synthesis could be abolished by cotreatment of E11.5 cultures with either metoprolol (a β1-AR antagonist) or ICI-118,551 (a β2-AR antagonist). In contrast, ISO-mediated effects on cell proliferation could be abolished only by metoprolol. Furthermore, ISO treatment significantly increased the percentage of differentiated cardiomyocytes compared with that in control cultures. Additional experiments revealed that β-AR stimulation leads to downregulation of Erk and Akt phosphorylation followed by significant decreases in cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 levels in E11.5 ventricular cells. Consistent with in vitro results, we found that chronic stimulation of recipient mice with ISO after intracardiac cell transplantation significantly decreased graft size, whereas metoprolol protected grafts from the inhibitory effects of systemic catecholamines. Collectively, these results underscore the effects of β-AR signaling in cardiac development as well as graft expansion after cell transplantation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY β-Adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation can decrease the proliferation of embryonic ventricular cells in vitro and reduce the graft size after intracardiac cell transplantation. In contrast, β1-AR antagonists can abrogate the antiproliferative effects mediated by β-AR stimulation and increase graft size. These results highlight potential interactions between adrenergic drugs and cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiam Feridooni
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Adam Hotchkiss
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Feixiong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Brittney Allen
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Sarita Chinni
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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21
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Gay MS, Dasgupta C, Li Y, Kanna A, Zhang L. Dexamethasone Induces Cardiomyocyte Terminal Differentiation via Epigenetic Repression of Cyclin D2 Gene. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2016; 358:190-8. [PMID: 27302109 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.234104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexamethasone treatment of newborn rats inhibited cardiomyocyte proliferation and stimulated premature terminal differentiation of cardiomyocytes in the developing heart. Yet mechanisms remain undetermined. The present study tested the hypothesis that the direct effect of glucocorticoid receptor-mediated epigenetic repression of cyclin D2 gene in the cardiomyocyte plays a key role in the dexamethasone-mediated effects in the developing heart. Cardiomyocytes were isolated from 2-day-old rats. Cells were stained with a cardiomyocyte marker α-actinin and a proliferation marker Ki67. Cyclin D2 expression was evaluated by Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Promoter methylation of CcnD2 was determined by methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP). Overexpression of Cyclin D2 was conducted by transfection of FlexiCcnD2 (+CcnD2) construct. Treatment of cardiomyocytes isolated from newborn rats with dexamethasone for 48 hours significantly inhibited cardiomyocyte proliferation with increased binucleation and decreased cyclin D2 protein abundance. These effects were blocked with Ru486 (mifepristone). In addition, the dexamethasone treatment significantly increased cyclin D2 gene promoter methylation in newborn rat cardiomyocytes. 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine inhibited dexamethasone-mediated promoter methylation, recovered dexamethasone-induced cyclin D2 gene repression, and blocked the dexamethasone-elicited effects on cardiomyocyte proliferation and binucleation. In addition, the overexpression of cyclin D2 restored the dexamethasone-mediated inhibition of proliferation and increase in binucleation in newborn rat cardiomyocytes. The results demonstrate that dexamethasone acting on glucocorticoid receptors has a direct effect and inhibits proliferation and stimulates premature terminal differentiation of cardiomyocytes in the developing heart via epigenetic repression of cyclin D2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maresha S Gay
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Chiranjib Dasgupta
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Yong Li
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Angela Kanna
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
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22
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Xiong F, Lin T, Song M, Ma Q, Martinez SR, Lv J, MataGreenwood E, Xiao D, Xu Z, Zhang L. Antenatal hypoxia induces epigenetic repression of glucocorticoid receptor and promotes ischemic-sensitive phenotype in the developing heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 91:160-71. [PMID: 26779948 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Large studies in humans and animals have demonstrated a clear association of an adverse intrauterine environment with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. Yet mechanisms remain largely elusive. The present study tested the hypothesis that gestational hypoxia leads to promoter hypermethylation and epigenetic repression of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene in the developing heart, resulting in increased heart susceptibility to ischemia and reperfusion injury in offspring. Hypoxic treatment of pregnant rats from day 15 to 21 of gestation resulted in a significant decrease of GR exon 14, 15, 16, and 17 transcripts, leading to down-regulation of GR mRNA and protein in the fetal heart. Functional cAMP-response elements (CREs) at -4408 and -3896 and Sp1 binding sites at -3425 and -3034 were identified at GR untranslated exon 1 promoters. Hypoxia significantly increased CpG methylation at the CREs and Sp1 binding sites and decreased transcription factor binding to GR exon 1 promoter, accounting for the repression of the GR gene in the developing heart. Of importance, treatment of newborn pups with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine reversed hypoxia-induced promoter methylation, restored GR expression and prevented hypoxia-mediated increase in ischemia and reperfusion injury of the heart in offspring. The findings demonstrate a novel mechanism of epigenetic repression of the GR gene in fetal stress-mediated programming of ischemic-sensitive phenotype in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxia Xiong
- Institute for Fetology and Reproductive Medicine Center, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Thant Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Minwoo Song
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Qingyi Ma
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Shannalee R Martinez
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Juanxiu Lv
- Institute for Fetology and Reproductive Medicine Center, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Eugenia MataGreenwood
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Daliao Xiao
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology and Reproductive Medicine Center, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Institute for Fetology and Reproductive Medicine Center, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
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