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Rizzarelli P, Rapisarda M. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption and Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry of Microbial and Synthetic Biodegradable Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102356. [PMID: 37242931 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The in-depth structural and compositional investigation of biodegradable polymeric materials, neat or partly degraded, is crucial for their successful applications. Obviously, an exhaustive structural analysis of all synthetic macromolecules is essential in polymer chemistry to confirm the accomplishment of a preparation procedure, identify degradation products originating from side reactions, and monitor chemical-physical properties. Advanced mass spectrometry (MS) techniques have been increasingly applied in biodegradable polymer studies with a relevant role in their further development, valuation, and extension of application fields. However, single-stage MS is not always sufficient to identify unambiguously the polymer structure. Thus, tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) has more recently been employed for detailed structure characterization and in degradation and drug release monitoring of polymeric samples, among which are biodegradable polymers. This review aims to run through the investigations carried out by the soft ionization technique matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) MS/MS in biodegradable polymers and present the resulting information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Rizzarelli
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Rapisarda
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
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2
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Adamus G, Domiński A, Kowalczuk M, Kurcok P, Radecka I. From Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization of β-Butyrolactone to Biodegradable Poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s: Our Contributions in This Field. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4365. [PMID: 34960919 PMCID: PMC8707542 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The feasibility of synthesis of functionalized poly(3-hydroxybutanoic acid) analogue and its copolymers via ring-opening polymerization of β-butyrolactone mediated by activated anionic initiators is presented. Using these new synthetic approaches, polyesters with a defined chemical structure of the end groups, as well as block, graft, and random copolymers, have been obtained and characterized by modern instrumental techniques, with special emphasis on ESI-MS. The relationship between the structure and properties of the prepared polymeric materials is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Adamus
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowskiej Str., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (G.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Adrian Domiński
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowskiej Str., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (G.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Marek Kowalczuk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowskiej Str., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (G.A.); (A.D.)
- Wolverhampton School of Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK;
| | - Piotr Kurcok
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowskiej Str., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (G.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Iza Radecka
- Wolverhampton School of Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK;
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3
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Guzik MW. Polyhydroxyalkanoates, bacterially synthesized polymers, as a source of chemical compounds for the synthesis of advanced materials and bioactive molecules. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7555-7566. [PMID: 34536102 PMCID: PMC8502142 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11589-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Research into polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) is growing exponentially. These bacterially derived polyesters offer a spectrum of possible applications, such as in manufacturing of daily-use objects, production of medical devices and implantable objects, or as synthons in chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Thanks to their broad physicochemical features, PHAs can be seen as polymers of the future, which can replace traditional petrochemical equivalents. As they are synthesized by bacteria through fermentation processes, these polyesters can be obtained from virtually any carbon source in a sustainable manner. Characterized by biodegradability and biocompatibility, they are used in many industries, ranging from production of everyday objects to medical applications. Furthermore, as they are built from bioactive monomers, namely (R)-3-hydroxyacids, they provide a platform for the synthesis of advanced chemical compounds. In this mini review, the reader will be acquainted with recent studies conducted at the Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in collaboration with other groups that have contributed to the development of PHA-based medical materials, bioactive molecules and novel green solvents derived from PHA monomers.Key points• Polyhydroxyalkanoates are emerging polymers for biomedical applications• Polyhydroxyalkanoates can be modified easily to provide novel materials• (R)-3-Hydroxyacids are good synthons for bioactive substances and green solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej W Guzik
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239, Kraków, Poland.
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4
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Haraźna K, Cichoń E, Skibiński S, Witko T, Solarz D, Kwiecień I, Marcello E, Zimowska M, Socha R, Szefer E, Zima A, Roy I, Raftopoulos KN, Pielichowski K, Witko M, Guzik M. Physicochemical and Biological Characterisation of Diclofenac Oligomeric Poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) Hybrids as β-TCP Ceramics Modifiers for Bone Tissue Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9452. [PMID: 33322564 PMCID: PMC7763618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, regenerative medicine faces a major challenge in providing new, functional materials that will meet the characteristics desired to replenish and grow new tissue. Therefore, this study presents new ceramic-polymer composites in which the matrix consists of tricalcium phosphates covered with blends containing a chemically bounded diclofenac with the biocompatible polymer-poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate), P(3HO). Modification of P(3HO) oligomers was confirmed by NMR, IR and XPS. Moreover, obtained oligomers and their blends were subjected to an in-depth characterisation using GPC, TGA, DSC and AFM. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the hydrophobicity and surface free energy values of blends decreased with the amount of diclofenac modified oligomers. Subsequently, the designed composites were used as a substrate for growth of the pre-osteoblast cell line (MC3T3-E1). An in vitro biocompatibility study showed that the composite with the lowest concentration of the proposed drug is within the range assumed to be non-toxic (viability above 70%). Cell proliferation was visualised using the SEM method, whereas the observation of cell penetration into the scaffold was carried out by confocal microscopy. Thus, it can be an ideal new functional bone tissue substitute, allowing not only the regeneration and restoration of the defect but also inhibiting the development of chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Haraźna
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (T.W.); (M.Z.); (R.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Ewelina Cichoń
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059 Kraków, Poland; (E.C.); (S.S.); (A.Z.)
| | - Szymon Skibiński
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059 Kraków, Poland; (E.C.); (S.S.); (A.Z.)
| | - Tomasz Witko
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (T.W.); (M.Z.); (R.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Daria Solarz
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Iwona Kwiecień
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Elena Marcello
- School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK;
| | - Małgorzata Zimowska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (T.W.); (M.Z.); (R.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Robert Socha
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (T.W.); (M.Z.); (R.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Ewa Szefer
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (E.S.); (K.N.R.); (K.P.)
| | - Aneta Zima
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059 Kraków, Poland; (E.C.); (S.S.); (A.Z.)
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK;
| | - Konstantinos N. Raftopoulos
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (E.S.); (K.N.R.); (K.P.)
| | - Krzysztof Pielichowski
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (E.S.); (K.N.R.); (K.P.)
| | - Małgorzata Witko
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (T.W.); (M.Z.); (R.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Maciej Guzik
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (T.W.); (M.Z.); (R.S.); (M.W.)
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5
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Guzik M, Witko T, Steinbüchel A, Wojnarowska M, Sołtysik M, Wawak S. What Has Been Trending in the Research of Polyhydroxyalkanoates? A Systematic Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:959. [PMID: 33014998 PMCID: PMC7513618 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, enormous progress has been achieved with regard to research on environmentally friendly polymers. One of the most prominent families of such biopolymers are bacterially synthesized polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) that have been known since the 1920s. However, only as recent as the 1990s have extensive studies sprung out exponentially in this matter. Since then, different areas of exploration of these intriguing materials have been uncovered. However, no systematic review of undertaken efforts has been conducted so far. Therefore, we have performed an unbiased search of up-to-date literature to reveal trending topics in the research of PHAs over the past three decades by data mining of 2,227 publications. This allowed us to identify eight past and current trends in this area. Our study provides a comprehensive review of these trends and speculates where PHA research is heading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Guzik
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Witko
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Alexander Steinbüchel
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- Environmental Sciences Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdalena Wojnarowska
- Department of Product Technology and Ecology, Cracow University of Economics, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mariusz Sołtysik
- Department of Management Process, Cracow University of Economics, Kraków, Poland
| | - Sławomir Wawak
- Department of Management Process, Cracow University of Economics, Kraków, Poland
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6
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Rizzarelli P, Rapisarda M, Valenti G. Mass spectrometry in bioresorbable polymer development, degradation and drug-release tracking. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34 Suppl 2:e8697. [PMID: 31834664 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A detailed characterization of polymeric matrices and appropriate degradation monitoring techniques are required to sustain the development of new materials as well as to enlarge the applications of the old ones. In fact, polymer analysis is essential for the clarification of the intrinsic relationship between structure and properties that ascertains the industrial applications in diverse fields. In bioresorbable and biodegradable polymers, the role of analytical methods is dual since it is pointed both at the polymeric matrices and at degradation tracking. The structural architectures, the mechanical and morphological properties, and the degradation rate, are of outstanding importance for a specific application. In some cases, the complexity of the polymer structure, the processes of decomposition or the low concentration of the degradation products need the concurrent use of different complementary analytical techniques to give detailed information of the reactions taking place. Several analytical methods are used in bioresorbable polymer development and degradation tracking. Among them, mass spectrometry (MS) plays an essential role and it is used to refine polymer syntheses, for its high sensitivity, to highlight degradation mechanism by detecting compounds present in trace amounts, or to track the degradation product profile and to study drug release. In fact, elucidation of reaction mechanisms and polymer structure, attesting to the purity and detecting defects as well as residual catalysts, in biodegradable and bioresorbable polymers, requires sensitive analytical characterization methods that are essential in providing an assurance of safety, efficacy and quality. This review aims to provide an overview of the MS strategies used to support research and development of resorbable polymers as well as to investigate their degradation mechanisms. It is focused on the most significant studies concerning synthetic bioresorbable matrices (polylactide, polyglycolide and their copolymers, polyhydroxybutyrate, etc.), published in the last ten years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Rizzarelli
- Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gaifami 18, Catania, 95126, Italy
| | - Marco Rapisarda
- Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gaifami 18, Catania, 95126, Italy
| | - Graziella Valenti
- Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gaifami 18, Catania, 95126, Italy
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7
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Musioł M, Jurczyk S, Sobota M, Klim M, Sikorska W, Zięba M, Janeczek H, Rydz J, Kurcok P, Johnston B, Radecka I. (Bio)Degradable Polymeric Materials for Sustainable Future-Part 3: Degradation Studies of the PHA/Wood Flour-Based Composites and Preliminary Tests of Antimicrobial Activity. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13092200. [PMID: 32403315 PMCID: PMC7254317 DOI: 10.3390/ma13092200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The need for a cost reduction of the materials derived from (bio)degradable polymers forces research development into the formation of biocomposites with cheaper fillers. As additives can be made using the post-consumer wood, generated during wood products processing, re-use of recycled waste materials in the production of biocomposites can be an environmentally friendly way to minimalize and/or utilize the amount of the solid waste. Also, bioactive materials, which possess small amounts of antimicrobial additives belong to a very attractive packaging industry solution. This paper presents a study into the biodegradation, under laboratory composting conditions, of the composites that consist of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)] and wood flour as a polymer matrix and natural filler, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate the degradation progress of the obtained composites with different amounts of wood flour. The degradation products were characterized by multistage electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Also, preliminary tests of the antimicrobial activity of selected materials with the addition of nisin were performed. The obtained results suggest that the different amount of filler has a significant influence on the degradation profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Musioł
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34. M. Curie-Sklodowska St., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (M.S.); (M.K.); (W.S.); (M.Z.); (H.J.); (J.R.); (P.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-322-716-077
| | - Sebastian Jurczyk
- Łukasieiwcz Research Network – Institute for Engineering of Polymer Materials and Dyes, 55, M. Sklodowska-Curie St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Michał Sobota
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34. M. Curie-Sklodowska St., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (M.S.); (M.K.); (W.S.); (M.Z.); (H.J.); (J.R.); (P.K.)
| | - Magdalena Klim
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34. M. Curie-Sklodowska St., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (M.S.); (M.K.); (W.S.); (M.Z.); (H.J.); (J.R.); (P.K.)
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 4 Jagiellońska St., 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Wanda Sikorska
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34. M. Curie-Sklodowska St., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (M.S.); (M.K.); (W.S.); (M.Z.); (H.J.); (J.R.); (P.K.)
| | - Magdalena Zięba
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34. M. Curie-Sklodowska St., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (M.S.); (M.K.); (W.S.); (M.Z.); (H.J.); (J.R.); (P.K.)
| | - Henryk Janeczek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34. M. Curie-Sklodowska St., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (M.S.); (M.K.); (W.S.); (M.Z.); (H.J.); (J.R.); (P.K.)
| | - Joanna Rydz
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34. M. Curie-Sklodowska St., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (M.S.); (M.K.); (W.S.); (M.Z.); (H.J.); (J.R.); (P.K.)
| | - Piotr Kurcok
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34. M. Curie-Sklodowska St., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (M.S.); (M.K.); (W.S.); (M.Z.); (H.J.); (J.R.); (P.K.)
| | - Brian Johnston
- Wolverhampton School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK; (B.J.); (I.R.)
| | - Izabela Radecka
- Wolverhampton School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK; (B.J.); (I.R.)
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8
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Polyhydroxyalkanoates based copolymers. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:522-537. [PMID: 31437500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) belong to a family of natural polyesters and are produced under unbalanced growth conditions as intracellular carbon and energy reserves by a wide variety of microorganisms. Being biodegradable, biocompatible and environmental friendly thermoplastics, the PHAs are considered as future polymers to replace petrochemicals based plastics. In this review, the introduction section deals with the brief discussion on PHA nature, availability, raw materials for production, processing etc. This is followed by the discussions on modifications. The copolymer syntheses by bacterial and chemical methods have been discussed. Under chemical methods, unsaturated side chains and their derivatives, oligomer, coupling, macro-initiating, trans-esterification, radiation grafting, click chemistry, ring opening and several miscellaneous polymerization methods have been elaborated. A brief discussion on applications has been incorporated. The last section includes conclusion and future perspectives.
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9
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Nikoopour E, Lin CM, Sheskey S, Heckenlively JR, Lundy SK. Immune Cell Infiltration into the Eye Is Controlled by IL-10 in Recoverin-Induced Autoimmune Retinopathy. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:1057-1068. [PMID: 30635390 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) is a treatable condition that manifests in acute and progressive vision loss in patients. It has recently been determined that AIR is associated with an imbalance of TH1 versus regulatory T cell immunity toward the retinal protein, recoverin. This study describes a new murine model to understand the immunopathology of AIR and its association with T cell responses toward recoverin. Immunization of C57BL/6 mice with recoverin resulted in ocular inflammation including infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, B cells, and CD11b+Ly6C+ inflammatory monocytes in the eyes. Production of IFN-γ and IL-17 from T cells was exacerbated in IL-10 knockout (KO) mice and kinetics of disease development was accelerated. Infiltration of T cells and inflammatory monocytes into the eyes dramatically increased in recoverin-immunized IL-10 KO mice. An immunodominant peptide of recoverin, AG-16, was capable of inducing disease in IL-10 KO mice and resulted in expansion of AG-16 tetramer-specific CD4+ T cells in lymphoid organs and eyes. Adoptive transfer of recoverin-stimulated cells into naive mice was sufficient to induce AIR, and immunization of B cell-deficient mice led to a milder form of the disease. This model supports the hypothesis that recoverin-specific T cell responses are major drivers of AIR pathogenesis and that IL-10 is an important factor in protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enayat Nikoopour
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences-Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and.,Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Cheng-Mao Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences-Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
| | - Sarah Sheskey
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences-Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
| | - John R Heckenlively
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences-Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
| | - Steven K Lundy
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and .,Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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10
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Kwiecien I, Adamus G, Jiang G, Radecka I, Baldwin TC, Khan HR, Johnston B, Pennetta V, Hill D, Bretz I, Kowalczuk M. Biodegradable PBAT/PLA Blend with Bioactive MCPA-PHBV Conjugate Suppresses Weed Growth. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:511-520. [PMID: 29261293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) conjugated with poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) was prepared via a melt transesterification route. The resultant bioactive oligomer was then mixed with a blend of polylactide (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) with different loadings to manufacture films to be used as a bioactive, biodegradable mulch to deliver the herbicide to target broadleaf weed species. The biological targeting of the MCPA-PHBV conjugate in the mulch film was investigated under glasshouse conditions using faba bean (Vicia faba) as a selective (nontarget) model crop species having broadleaf morphology. The presence of the MCPA-PHBV conjugate in the biodegradable PBTA/PLA blend was shown to completely suppress the growth of broadleaf weed species while displaying only a mild effect on the growth of the model crop. The degradation of the mulch film under glasshouse conditions was quite slow. The release of the MCPA-PHBV during this process was detected using NMR, GPC, EDS, and DSC analyses, indicating that the majority of the MCPA diffused out after MCPA-PHBV conjugate bond scission. These data provide a strong "proof of concept" and show that this biodegradable, bioactive film is a good candidate for future field applications and may be of wide agricultural applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Kwiecien
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences , M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Grazyna Adamus
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences , M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Guozhan Jiang
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton , Wolverhampton WV1 1SB, United Kingdom
| | - Iza Radecka
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton , Wolverhampton WV1 1SB, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy C Baldwin
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton , Wolverhampton WV1 1SB, United Kingdom
| | - Habib R Khan
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton , Wolverhampton WV1 1SB, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Johnston
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton , Wolverhampton WV1 1SB, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Pennetta
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton , Wolverhampton WV1 1SB, United Kingdom
| | - David Hill
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton , Wolverhampton WV1 1SB, United Kingdom
| | - Inna Bretz
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT , Osterfelder Str. 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Marek Kowalczuk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences , M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland.,School of Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton , Wolverhampton WV1 1SB, United Kingdom
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11
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Kwiecień I, Radecka I, Kowalczuk M, Jelonek K, Orchel A, Adamus G. The Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Graft Copolymers Composed of γ-PGA Backbone and Oligoesters Pendant Chains. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:2223-2234. [PMID: 28695530 PMCID: PMC5594058 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1731-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The novel copolymers composed of poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) and oligoesters have been developed. The structures of the obtained copolymers including variety of end groups were determined at the molecular level with the aid of electrospray ionization multistage mass spectrometry (ESI-MSn). The fragmentation experiment performed for the selected sodium adducts of the copolymers confirmed that the developed methods lead to the formation of graft copolymers composed of poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) backbone and oligoesters pendant chains. Moreover, it was established that fragmentation of selected sodium adducts of graft copolymers proceeded via random breakage of amide bonds along the backbone and ester bonds of the oligoesters pendant chains. Considering potential applications of the synthesized copolymers in the area of biomaterials, the hydrolytic degradation under laboratory conditions and in vitro cytotoxicity tests were performed. The ESI-MSn technique applied in this study has been proven to be a useful tool in structural studies of novel graft copolymers as well as their degradation products. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Kwiecień
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34 Street, 41-819, Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Iza Radecka
- School of Biology, Chemistry, and Forensic Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton, WV1 1SB, UK
| | - Marek Kowalczuk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34 Street, 41-819, Zabrze, Poland
- School of Biology, Chemistry, and Forensic Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton, WV1 1SB, UK
| | - Katarzyna Jelonek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34 Street, 41-819, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Orchel
- School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Chair and Department of Biopharmacy, 8 Jednosci Street, Sosnowiec, 41-208, Poland
| | - Grażyna Adamus
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34 Street, 41-819, Zabrze, Poland
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12
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Kwiecień I, Radecka I, Kwiecień M, Adamus G. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Bioactive PHA and γ-PGA Oligomers for Potential Applications as a Delivery System. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9050307. [PMID: 28773432 PMCID: PMC5503025 DOI: 10.3390/ma9050307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The (trans)esterification reaction of bacterial biopolymers with a selected bioactive compound with a hydroxyl group was applied as a convenient method for obtaining conjugates of such compound. Tyrosol, a naturally occurring phenolic compound, was selected as a model of a bioactive compound with a hydroxyl group. Selected biodegradable polyester and polyamide, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB-co-4HB)) and poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), respectively, were used. The (trans)esterification reactions were carried out in melt mediated by 4-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate. The structures of (trans)esterification products were established at the molecular level with the aid of ESI-MS2 (electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry) and/or 1H NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) techniques. Performed analyses confirmed that the developed method leads to the formation of conjugates in which bioactive compounds are covalently bonded to biopolymer chains. The amount of covalently bonded bioactive compounds in the resulting conjugates depends on the type of biopolymers applied in synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Kwiecień
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zabrze 41-819, Poland.
| | - Iza Radecka
- School of Biology, Chemistry and Forensic Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1SB, UK.
| | - Michał Kwiecień
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zabrze 41-819, Poland.
| | - Grażyna Adamus
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zabrze 41-819, Poland.
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13
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Kowalczuk M, Adamus G. Mass spectrometry for the elucidation of the subtle molecular structure of biodegradable polymers and their degradation products. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2016; 35:188-198. [PMID: 25869251 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Contemporary reports by Polish authors on the application of mass spectrometric methods for the elucidation of the subtle molecular structure of biodegradable polymers and their degradation products will be presented. Special emphasis will be given to natural aliphatic (co)polyesters (PHA) and their synthetic analogues, formed through anionic ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of β-substituted β-lactones. Moreover, the application of MS techniques for the evaluation of the structure of biodegradable polymers obtained in ionic and coordination polymerization of cyclic ethers and esters as well as products of step-growth polymerization, in which bifunctional or multifunctional monomers react to form oligomers and eventually long chain polymers, will be discussed. Furthermore, the application of modern MS techniques for the assessment of polymer degradation products, frequently bearing characteristic end groups that can be revealed and differentiated by MS, will be discussed within the context of specific degradation pathways. Finally, recent Polish accomplishments in the area of mass spectrometry will be outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Kowalczuk
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, 34. M. Curie-Skłodowska St., Zabrze, 41-800, Poland
- School of Biology, Chemistry and Forensic Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV1 1SB, UK
| | - Grażyna Adamus
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, 34. M. Curie-Skłodowska St., Zabrze, 41-800, Poland
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14
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Maksymiak M, Debowska R, Bazela K, Dzwigalowska A, Orchel A, Jelonek K, Dolegowska B, Kowalczuk M, Adamus G. Designing of Biodegradable and Biocompatible Release and Delivery Systems of Selected Antioxidants Used in Cosmetology. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:3603-12. [PMID: 26444385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Conjugates of antioxidants p-anisic (p-AA) and vanillic (VA) acids with nontoxic, biocompatible, and biodegradedable oligo-(R,S)-(3-hydoxybutyrate) carrier were synthesized, and their structural and biological characterization was performed. The molecular structure of the bioconjugates, in which antioxidants are covalently bonded with oligo(3-hydroxybutyrate) (OHB) chains, has been proven by mass spectrometry supported by NMR. The bioconjugate hydrolytic degradation studies allowed gaining thorough insight into the hydrolysis process and confirmed the release of p-AA and VA. In vitro studies demonstrated that all of the conjugates studied were well tolerated by KB and HaCaT cell lines, as they had no marked cytotoxicity, while conjugates with a relatively short OHB carrier are optimal to support keratinocyte function. The preliminary study of the biological activity confirmed the protective effect of VA-OHB conjugates against H2O2-induced lipid peroxidation in human keratinocytes (HaCaT). It was also demonstrated that the selected bioconjugates can penetrate all layers of the skin, which shows their functionality and opens up their potential application in cosmetology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Maksymiak
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences , 34 M. Curie-Sklodowskiej Street, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Renata Debowska
- Dr Irena Eris Centre for Science and Research , 107A Pulawska Street, 02-595 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Karolina Bazela
- Dr Irena Eris Centre for Science and Research , 107A Pulawska Street, 02-595 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Agata Dzwigalowska
- Dr Irena Eris Centre for Science and Research , 107A Pulawska Street, 02-595 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Orchel
- School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland, Chair and Department of Biopharmacy, 8 Jednosci Street, 41-208 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jelonek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences , 34 M. Curie-Sklodowskiej Street, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Barbara Dolegowska
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University , 72 Powstancow Wielkopolskich Street, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marek Kowalczuk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences , 34 M. Curie-Sklodowskiej Street, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland.,School of Biology, Chemistry and Forensic Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton , Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton, WV1 1SB, United Kingdom
| | - Grazyna Adamus
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences , 34 M. Curie-Sklodowskiej Street, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
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15
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Koller M, Dias MMDS, Rodríguez-Contreras A, Kunaver M, Žagar E, Kržan A, Braunegg G. Liquefied Wood as Inexpensive Precursor-Feedstock for Bio-Mediated Incorporation of ( R)-3-Hydroxyvalerate into Polyhydroxyalkanoates. MATERIALS 2015; 8:6543-6557. [PMID: 28793581 PMCID: PMC5512928 DOI: 10.3390/ma8095321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Liquefied wood (LW) prepared in a microwave process was applied as a novel; inexpensive precursor feedstock for incorporation of (R)-3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) into polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolyesters in order to improve the biopolyester’s material quality; Cupriavidus necator was applied as microbial production strain. For proof of concept, pre-experiments were carried out on a shake flask scale using different mixtures of glucose and LW as carbon source. The results indicate that LW definitely acts as a 3HV precursor, but, at the same time, displays toxic effects on C. necator at concentrations exceeding 10 g/L. Based on these findings, PHA biosynthesis under controlled conditions was performed using a fed-batch feeding regime on a bioreactor scale. As major outcome, a poly(3HB-co-0.8%-3HV) copolyester was obtained displaying a desired high molar mass of Mw = 5.39 × 105 g/mol at low molar-mass dispersity (ĐM of 1.53), a degree of crystallinity (Xc) of 62.1%, and melting temperature Tm (176.3 °C) slightly lower than values reported for poly([R]-3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) homopolyester produced by C. necator; thus, the produced biopolyester is expected to be more suitable for polymer processing purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Koller
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28/III, Graz 8010, Austria.
- ARENA-Association for resource efficient and sustainable technologies, Inffeldgasse 23, Graz 8010, Austria.
| | | | - Alejandra Rodríguez-Contreras
- Departament d'Òptica i Optometria, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Tech, Sant Nebridi 22, 08222 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Matjaž Kunaver
- Laboratory for Polymer Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Ema Žagar
- Laboratory for Polymer Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Andrej Kržan
- Laboratory for Polymer Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Gerhart Braunegg
- ARENA-Association for resource efficient and sustainable technologies, Inffeldgasse 23, Graz 8010, Austria.
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