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Shie WY, Chu PH, Kuo MYP, Chen HW, Lin MT, Su XJ, Hong YL, Chou HYE. Acidosis promotes the metastatic colonization of lung cancer via remodeling of the extracellular matrix and vasculogenic mimicry. Int J Oncol 2023; 63:136. [PMID: 37888615 PMCID: PMC10631766 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Acidosis is a hallmark of the tumor microenvironment caused by the metabolic switch from glucose oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. It has been associated with tumor growth and progression; however, the precise mechanism governing how acidosis promotes metastatic dissemination has yet to be elucidated. In the present study, a long‑term acidosis model was established using patient‑derived lung cancer cells, to identify critical components of metastatic colonization via transcriptome profiling combined with both in vitro and in vivo functional assays, and association analysis using clinical samples. Xenograft inoculates of 1 or 10 acidotic cells mimicking circulating tumor cell clusters were shown to exhibit increased tumor incidence compared with their physiological pH counterparts. Transcriptomics revealed that profound remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) occurred in the acidotic cells, including upregulation of the integrin subunit α‑4 (ITGA4) gene. In clinical lung cancer, ITGA4 expression was found to be upregulated in primary tumors with metastatic capability, and this trait was retained in the corresponding secondary tumors. Expression of ITGA4 was markedly upregulated around the vasculogenic mimicry structures of the acidotic tumors, while acidotic cells exhibited a higher ability of vasculogenic mimicry in vitro. Acidosis was also found to induce the enrichment of side population cells, suggesting an enhanced resistance to noxious attacks of the tumor microenvironment. Taken together, these results demonstrated that acidosis actively contributed to tumor metastatic colonization, and novel mechanistic insights into the therapeutic management and prognosis of lung cancer were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yi Shie
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pin-Hsuan Chu
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Mark Yen-Ping Kuo
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Meng-Tie Lin
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Xuan-Jie Su
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Ling Hong
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Han-Yi Elizabeth Chou
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
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2
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VanHeyst KA, Choi SH, Kingsley DT, Huang AY. Ectopic Tumor VCAM-1 Expression in Cancer Metastasis and Therapy Resistance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233922. [PMID: 36497180 PMCID: PMC9735769 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1; CD106) is a membrane protein that contributes critical physiologic functional roles in cellular immune response, including leukocyte extravasation in inflamed and infected tissues. Expressed as a cell membrane protein, VCAM-1 can also be cleaved from the cell surface into a soluble form (sVCAM-1). The integrin α4β1 (VLA-4) was identified as the first major ligand for VCAM-1. Ongoing studies suggest that, in addition to mediating physiologic immune functions, VCAM-1/VLA-4 signaling plays an increasingly vital role in the metastatic progression of various tumors. Additionally, elevated concentrations of sVCAM-1 have been found in the peripheral blood of patients with cancer, suggesting the tumor microenvironment (TME) as the source of sVCAM-1. Furthermore, over-expression of VLA-4 was linked to tumor progression in various malignancies when VCAM-1 was also up-regulated. This review explores the functional role of VCAM-1 expression in cancer metastasis and therapy resistance, and the potential for the disruption of VCAM-1/VLA-4 signaling as a novel immunotherapeutic approach in cancer, including osteosarcoma, which disproportionately affects the pediatric, adolescent and young adult population, as an unmet medical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A. VanHeyst
- Center for Pediatric Immunotherapy at Rainbow, Angie Fowler AYA Cancer Institute, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, UH Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Sung Hee Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | | | - Alex Y. Huang
- Center for Pediatric Immunotherapy at Rainbow, Angie Fowler AYA Cancer Institute, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, UH Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-216-368-1271
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3
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Trang NTK, Yoo H. Antitumor effects of valdecoxib on hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 26:439-446. [PMID: 36302619 PMCID: PMC9614398 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2022.26.6.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The antitumoral effects of valdecoxib (Val), an United States Food and Drug Administration-approved anti-inflammatory drug that was withdrawn due to the side effects of increased risk of cardiovascular adverse events, were investigated in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells by performing a cell viability assay, transwell assay, immunofluorescence imaging, and Western blotting. Val markedly inhibited cell viability with an IC50 of 67.3 μM after 48 h of treatment, and also downregulated cell cycle proteins such as Cdks and their regulatory cyclin units. Cell migration and invasion were severely suppressed by inhibiting integrin α4/FAK expression. In addition, Val activated the cell cycle checkpoint CHK2 in response to excessive DNA damage, which led to the activation of caspase-3/9 and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis. Furthermore, the signaling cascades of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways were significantly inhibited by Val treatment. Taken together, our results indicate that Val can be used for the treatment of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Kieu Trang
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea,Department of Pharmacy, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh City 06000, Vietnam
| | - Hoon Yoo
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea,Correspondence Hoon Yoo, E-mail:
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4
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Horwacik I. The Extracellular Matrix and Neuroblastoma Cell Communication-A Complex Interplay and Its Therapeutic Implications. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193172. [PMID: 36231134 PMCID: PMC9564247 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a pediatric neuroendocrine neoplasm. It arises from the sympatho-adrenal lineage of neural-crest-derived multipotent progenitor cells that fail to differentiate. NB is the most common extracranial tumor in children, and it manifests undisputed heterogeneity. Unsatisfactory outcomes of high-risk (HR) NB patients call for more research to further inter-relate treatment and molecular features of the disease. In this regard, it is well established that in the tumor microenvironment (TME), malignant cells are engaged in complex and dynamic interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and stromal cells. The ECM can be a source of both pro- and anti-tumorigenic factors to regulate tumor cell fate, such as survival, proliferation, and resistance to therapy. Moreover, the ECM composition, organization, and resulting signaling networks are vastly remodeled during tumor progression and metastasis. This review mainly focuses on the molecular mechanisms and effects of interactions of selected ECM components with their receptors on neuroblastoma cells. Additionally, it describes roles of enzymes modifying and degrading ECM in NB. Finally, the article gives examples on how the knowledge is exploited for prognosis and to yield new treatment options for NB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Horwacik
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Bartolucci D, Montemurro L, Raieli S, Lampis S, Pession A, Hrelia P, Tonelli R. MYCN Impact on High-Risk Neuroblastoma: From Diagnosis and Prognosis to Targeted Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184421. [PMID: 36139583 PMCID: PMC9496712 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Neuroblastoma is one of the most diffuse and the deadliest cancer in children. While many advances have been made in the last few decades to improve patients’ outcome, high-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB) still shows a very aggressive pattern of development and poor prognosis, with only a 50% chance of 5-year survival. Moreover, while many factors contribute to defining the high-risk condition, MYCN status is well established as the major element in pathology disclosure. The aim of this review is to describe the current knowledge in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic approaches of HR-NB, particularly in relation to MYCN. The review highlights how MYCN influences the HR-NB scenario and the new therapeutic approaches that are currently proposed to target it, in consideration of MYCN as a highly relevant target for HR-NB patient management. Abstract Among childhood cancers, neuroblastoma is the most diffuse solid tumor and the deadliest in children. While to date, the pathology has become progressively manageable with a significant increase in 5-year survival for its less aggressive form, high-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB) remains a major issue with poor outcome and little survivability of patients. The staging system has also been improved to better fit patient needs and to administer therapies in a more focused manner in consideration of pathology features. New and improved therapies have been developed; nevertheless, low efficacy and high toxicity remain a staple feature of current high-risk neuroblastoma treatment. For this reason, more specific procedures are required, and new therapeutic targets are also needed for a precise medicine approach. In this scenario, MYCN is certainly one of the most interesting targets. Indeed, MYCN is one of the most relevant hallmarks of HR-NB, and many studies has been carried out in recent years to discover potent and specific inhibitors to block its activities and any related oncogenic function. N-Myc protein has been considered an undruggable target for a long time. Thus, many new indirect and direct approaches have been discovered and preclinically evaluated for the interaction with MYCN and its pathways; a few of the most promising approaches are nearing clinical application for the investigation in HR-NB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca Montemurro
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Pession
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Tonelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Jiménez C, Antonelli R, Nadal-Ribelles M, Devis-Jauregui L, Latorre P, Solé C, Masanas M, Molero-Valenzuela A, Soriano A, Sánchez de Toledo J, Llobet-Navas D, Roma J, Posas F, de Nadal E, Gallego S, Moreno L, Segura MF. Structural disruption of BAF chromatin remodeller impairs neuroblastoma metastasis by reverting an invasiveness epigenomic program. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:175. [PMID: 36057593 PMCID: PMC9440539 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01643-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic programming during development is essential for determining cell lineages, and alterations in this programming contribute to the initiation of embryonal tumour development. In neuroblastoma, neural crest progenitors block their course of natural differentiation into sympathoadrenergic cells, leading to the development of aggressive and metastatic paediatric cancer. Research of the epigenetic regulators responsible for oncogenic epigenomic networks is crucial for developing new epigenetic-based therapies against these tumours. Mammalian switch/sucrose non-fermenting (mSWI/SNF) ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling complexes act genome-wide translating epigenetic signals into open chromatin states. The present study aimed to understand the contribution of mSWI/SNF to the oncogenic epigenomes of neuroblastoma and its potential as a therapeutic target. METHODS Functional characterisation of the mSWI/SNF complexes was performed in neuroblastoma cells using proteomic approaches, loss-of-function experiments, transcriptome and chromatin accessibility analyses, and in vitro and in vivo assays. RESULTS Neuroblastoma cells contain three main mSWI/SNF subtypes, but only BRG1-associated factor (BAF) complex disruption through silencing of its key structural subunits, ARID1A and ARID1B, impairs cell proliferation by promoting cell cycle blockade. Genome-wide chromatin remodelling and transcriptomic analyses revealed that BAF disruption results in the epigenetic repression of an extensive invasiveness-related expression program involving integrins, cadherins, and key mesenchymal regulators, thereby reducing adhesion to the extracellular matrix and the subsequent invasion in vitro and drastically inhibiting the initiation and growth of neuroblastoma metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS We report a novel ATPase-independent role for the BAF complex in maintaining an epigenomic program that allows neuroblastoma invasiveness and metastasis, urging for the development of new BAF pharmacological structural disruptors for therapeutic exploitation in metastatic neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jiménez
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roberta Antonelli
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Nadal-Ribelles
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Devis-Jauregui
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Pablo Latorre
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Solé
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Masanas
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrià Molero-Valenzuela
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aroa Soriano
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Sánchez de Toledo
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - David Llobet-Navas
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Low Prevalence Tumors. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Roma
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Posas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eulàlia de Nadal
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soledad Gallego
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Paediatric Oncology and Haematology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucas Moreno
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Paediatric Oncology and Haematology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel F Segura
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.
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Sesquiterpene Lactone Deoxyelephantopin Isolated from Elephantopus scaber and Its Derivative DETD-35 Suppress BRAF V600E Mutant Melanoma Lung Metastasis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063226. [PMID: 33810045 PMCID: PMC8004649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a highly metastatic disease with an increasing rate of incidence worldwide. It is treatment refractory and has poor clinical prognosis; therefore, the development of new therapeutic agents for metastatic melanoma are urgently required. In this study, we created a lung-seeking A375LM5IF4g/Luc BRAFV600E mutant melanoma cell clone and investigated the bioefficacy of a plant sesquiterpene lactone deoxyelephantopin (DET) and its novel semi-synthetic derivative, DETD-35, in suppressing metastatic A375LM5IF4g/Luc melanoma growth in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model. DET and DETD-35 treatment inhibited A375LM5IF4g/Luc cell proliferation, and induced G2/M cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, A375LM5IF4g/Luc exhibited clonogenic, metastatic and invasive abilities, and several A375LM5IF4g/Luc metastasis markers, N-cadherin, MMP2, vimentin and integrin α4 were significantly suppressed by treatment with either compound. Interestingly, DET- and DETD-35-induced Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation and glutathione (GSH) depletion were found to be upstream events important for the in vitro activities, because exogenous GSH supplementation blunted DET and DETD-35 effects on A375LM5IF4g/Luc cells. DET and DETD-35 also induced mitochondrial DNA mutation, superoxide production, mitochondrial bioenergetics dysfunction, and mitochondrial protein deregulation. Most importantly, DET and DETD-35 inhibited lung metastasis of A375LM5IF4g/Luc in NOD/SCID mice through inhibiting pulmonary vascular permeability and melanoma cell (Mel-A+) proliferation, angiogenesis (VEGF+, CD31+) and EMT (N-cadherin) in the tumor microenvironment in the lungs. These findings indicate that DET and DETD-35 may be useful in the intervention of lung metastatic BRAFV600E mutant melanoma.
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8
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Liu G, Yuan C, Ma J, Pan Y, Xu H. Influence of Immune Microenvironment on Diagnosis and Prognosis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:604784. [PMID: 33816236 PMCID: PMC8010259 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.604784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an immunosuppressive malignancy accompanied by noted alterations in various immune cells and cytokines. Recognition of the immune system's role in contributing to cancer development is an important advancement in our original understanding of carcinoma. We obtained HNSCC gene expression and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We assessed the relative proportion of 22 Infiltrating immune cell types in both HNSCC and adjacent non-cancer tissues using Cell-type Identification By Estimating Relative Subsets Of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) method, identifying the influence of the immune cells content in tumor staging and survival prediction. We further predicted the tumor purity, and the presence of infiltrating stromal/immune cells in HNSCC tissues using Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm, identifying its potential correlation with patient survival. Stromal and immune score-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were subsequently verified and their roles in immune response were displayed by functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Our research demonstrated the underlying association between the immune microenvironment and HNSCC, and the results were intended to serve as valuable terms for HNSCC diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted immune therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohong Liu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunjue Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaojiao Ma
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunbao Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haibo Xu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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9
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Expression and Prognostic Analysis of Integrins in Gastric Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:8862228. [PMID: 33335550 PMCID: PMC7722456 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8862228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Integrins are involved in the biological process of a variety of cancers, but their importance in the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed at exploring the significance of ITG gene expression in GC to evaluate its diagnosis and prognosis. Methods GEPIA data were used to evaluate the mRNA expression of ITG genes in GC patients. The prognostic value of these genes was assessed by analyzing their mRNA expression using the Kaplan–Meier curve. The biological function of ITG genes was evaluated by GC tissue sequencing combined with GSEA bioinformatics. Based on the sequencing data, ITGA5 with the largest expression difference was selected for verification, and RT-PCR was used to verify its mRNA expression level in 40 pairs of GC and normal tissues. Results ITG (A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A11, AE, AL, AM, AV, AX, B1, B2, B4, B5, B6, and B8) was highly expressed in GC tissues, while ITGA8 was low, compared with their expression in normal tissues. RNA-seq data shows that ITG (A2, A5, A11, AV, and B1) expression was associated with poor prognosis and overall survival. In addition, combined with the results of GC tissue mRNA sequencing, it was further found that the differentially expressed genes in the ITGs genes. ITGA5 was highly expressed in GC tissues compared with its expression in normal tissues, as evaluated by qRT–PCR (P < 0.001) and ROC (P < 0.001, AUC (95% CI) = 0.747 (0.641–0.851)), and confirmed that ITGA5 expression was a potential diagnostic marker for GC. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the signaling pathway involved in ITGA5 was mainly enriched in focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, and PI3K-AKT and was mainly involved in biological processes such as cell adhesion, extracellular matrix, and cell migration. Conclusion This study suggested that ITGs were associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of GC and discovered the prognostic value and biological role of ITGA5 in GC. Thus, ITGA5 might be used as a potential diagnostic marker for GC.
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10
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Liu YJ, Chang YJ, Kuo YT, Liang PH. Targeting β-tubulin/CCT-β complex induces apoptosis and suppresses migration and invasion of highly metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:699-710. [PMID: 31400757 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis, the movement of cancer cells from one site to another, is responsible for the highest number of cancer deaths, especially in lung cancer patients. In this study, we first identified a prognostic marker of lung adenocarcinoma, TCP-1 β subunit (chaperonin-containing TCP-1β; CCT-β). We showed a compound that disrupted the interaction of CCT-β with β-tubulin killed a highly metastatic non-small cell lung cancer cell line CL1-5 through inducing Endoplasmic reticulum stress and caspases activation. Moreover, at the dosage of EC20, the compound inhibited migration and invasion of the lung cancer cells by suppressing matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/9 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins through downregulating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), Akt/β-catenin and integrin-focal adhesion kinase signaling pathways. Unlike the anticancer drugs, such as Taxol, that target the adenosine triphosphate site of β-tubulin, this study reveals a therapeutic target, β-tubulin/CCT-β complex, for metastatic human lung adenocarcinoma. The study demonstrated CCT-β as a prognostic marker. Targeting β-tubulin/CCT-β complex caused apoptosis and inhibited invasion/migration of CCT-β overexpressed, highly metastatic lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jin Liu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chang
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Kuo
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Huang Liang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Joshi S. Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment in Neuroblastoma: Recent Advances and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2057. [PMID: 32722460 PMCID: PMC7465822 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common pediatric tumor malignancy that originates from the neural crest and accounts for more than 15% of all the childhood deaths from cancer. The neuroblastoma cancer research has long been focused on the role of MYCN oncogene amplification and the contribution of other genetic alterations in the progression of this malignancy. However, it is now widely accepted that, not only tumor cells, but the components of tumor microenvironment (TME), including extracellular matrix, stromal cells and immune cells, also contribute to tumor progression in neuroblastoma. The complexity of different components of tumor stroma and their resemblance with surrounding normal tissues pose huge challenges for therapies targeting tumor microenvironment in NB. Hence, the detailed understanding of the composition of the TME of NB is crucial to improve existing and future potential immunotherapeutic approaches against this childhood cancer. In this review article, I will discuss different components of the TME of NB and the recent advances in the strategies, which are used to target the tumor microenvironment in neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Joshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0815, USA
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12
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Pathania S, Khan MI, Kumar A, Gupta AK, Rani K, Ramesh Parashar T, Jayaram J, Ranjan Mishra P, Srivastava A, Mathur S, Hari S, Hariprasad G. Proteomics of Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Early Breast Cancer for Identification of Thymidylate Synthase as a Potential Biomarker to Flag Metastasis: A Preliminary Study. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:4841-4854. [PMID: 32606973 PMCID: PMC7320752 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s255684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women across the world. Some of the patients who present in the early stage of disease are affected by metastasis to the axillary group of lymph nodes. The first among this group that is affected is called as sentinel lymph node, and its diagnosis is crucial for the staging of cancer thereby dictating the type of surgical therapy. Therefore, the sentinel lymph node status provides the most relevant information to the surgeon and patient prognosis. The expanded utilization of breast conservation surgery has declined the morbidity associated with mastectomy and axillary lymph node surgery. Recent interest is, therefore, centered on techniques that allow accurate assessment of the sentinel lymph node metastasis. A current procedure such as sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) that is used to assess axillary lymph node metastasis is neither specific nor sensitive, and besides, it is time-consuming. Objective To compare the protein profiles between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes to identify a biomarker that can flag lymph node metastasis. Materials and Methods Women with early breast cancer were screened using mammography imaging and recruited to the study. Surgical resection was done to remove the breast tissue, and sentinel lymph node was identified using fluorescein and methylene blue tracer. Lymph node was sliced, and one set was sent for histopathology, which was considered the gold standard to assess the metastatic status of the lymph node. One set of slices was taken for proteomic experiments. Proteins were labelled with fluorescent cyanine tags and were subjected to difference gel electrophoresis experiment. Differentially expressed spots that had at least a twofold relative ratio and consistent pattern across three sets of biological replicate experiments were marked. Gel spots were trypsin digested and identified on mass spectrometry machine. Validation study was done by Western blot experiment on the same set of samples. Results Thymidylate synthase has a twofold higher expression in the metastatic sentinel lymph nodes as compared to non-metastatic lymph nodes in early breast cancer patients. Conclusion Differential in gel expression proteomics is an ideal platform for the identification of potential protein biomarker candidates that can differentiate metastatic from non-metastatic lymph nodes in early breast cancer. The identification of thymidylate synthase offers a scope to develop an on-table diagnostic kit to assess the status of sentinel lymph nodes during mastectomy procedure to guide surgical management of axillary lymph nodes in early breast cancer. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Pathania
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Mohd Imran Khan
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Komal Rani
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Tanvi Ramesh Parashar
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Jnaneshwari Jayaram
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Piyush Ranjan Mishra
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Anurag Srivastava
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Sandeep Mathur
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Smriti Hari
- Department of Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Gururao Hariprasad
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
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Jeong K, Murphy JM, Rodriguez YAR, Kim JS, Ahn EYE, Lim STS. FAK inhibition reduces metastasis of α4 integrin-expressing melanoma to lymph nodes by targeting lymphatic VCAM-1 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 509:1034-1040. [PMID: 30660359 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma typically metastasizes to lymph nodes (LNs) as a primary or in-transit lesion before secondary metastasis occurs, and LN biopsy is a common procedure to diagnose melanoma progression. Since cancer metastasis is a complex process where various interactions between tumor cells and the stroma play key roles in establishing metastatic lesions, the exact mechanisms underlying melanoma metastasis to LNs remains unknown. It has been known that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activity promotes the expression of proinflammatory vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). As VCAM-1 is a major receptor for α4 integrin and plays a key role in leukocyte recruitment, we reasoned that inhibition of FAK activity may reduce VCAM-1 expression within LNs and thus reduce metastasis of α4 integrin-expressing melanoma to LNs. First, we found that a pharmacological FAK inhibitor, PF-271, blocked tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-mediated VCAM-1 expression on human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (HDLECs). In vitro, PF-271 significantly decreased B16F10 melanoma adhesion to and transmigration through HDLECs compared to TNF-α treated cells. Furthermore, in vivo FAK inhibition by oral PF-271 administration reduced VCAM-1 expression in inguinal, cervical, and popliteal LNs compared to vehicle treated mice. Finally, in a footpad metastasis model, B16F10 melanoma cells were injected into the right footpad of C57BL/6 mice, and PF-271 (50 mg/kg, twice daily for 6 days) was orally administrated after 1 week of tumor transplantation. While untreated mice exhibited significant metastatic melanoma lesions in popliteal LNs, PF-271 treated mice showed only marginal melanoma metastasis. These results support the possibility that FAK inhibitors may be a novel preventative option in melanoma metastasis by blocking VCAM-1 expression in LNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuho Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, United States
| | - James M Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, United States
| | - Yelitza A R Rodriguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, United States
| | - Jun-Sub Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, United States; Department of Biotechnology, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungbuk, 27909, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Erin Ahn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, United States; Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, United States
| | - Ssang-Taek Steve Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, United States.
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Role of Corneal Stromal Cells on Epithelial Cell Function during Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020464. [PMID: 29401709 PMCID: PMC5855686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Following injury, corneal stromal keratocytes transform into repair-phenotype of activated stromal fibroblasts (SFs) and participate in wound repair. Simultaneously, ongoing bi-directional communications between corneal stromal-epithelial cells also play a vital role in mediating the process of wound healing. Factors produced by stromal cells are known to induce proliferation, differentiation, and motility of corneal epithelial cells, which are also subsequently the main processes that occur during wound healing. In this context, the present study aims to investigate the effect of SFs conditioned medium (SFCM) on corneal epithelial cell function along with substance P (SP). Antibody microarrays were employed to profile differentially expressed cell surface markers and cytokines in the presence of SFCM and SP. Antibody microarray data revealed enhanced expression of the ITGB1 in corneal epithelial cells following stimulation with SP whereas SFCM induced abundant expression of IL-8, ITGB1, PD1L1, PECA1, IL-15, BDNF, ICAM1, CD8A, CD44 and NTF4. All these proteins have either direct or indirect roles in epithelial cell growth, movement and adhesion related signaling cascades during tissue regeneration. We also observed activation of MAPK signaling pathway along with increased expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), paxillin, vimentin, β-catenin and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) phosphorylation. Additionally, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulating transcription factors Slug and ZEB1 expression were enhanced in the presence of SFCM. SP enriched the expression of integrin subunits α4, α5, αV, β1 and β3 whereas SFCM increased α4, α5, αV, β1 and β5 integrin subunits. We also observed increased expression of Serpin E1 following SP and SFCM treatment. Wound healing scratch assay revealed enhanced migration of epithelial cells following the addition of SFCM. Taken together, we conclude that SFCM-mediated sustained activation of ZEB1, Slug in combination with upregulated migration-associated integrins and ERK (Extracellular signal-regulated kinase)-FAK-paxillin axis, may lead to induce type 2 EMT-like changes during corneal epithelial wound healing.
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Pulkka OP, Mpindi JP, Tynninen O, Nilsson B, Kallioniemi O, Sihto H, Joensuu H. Clinical relevance of integrin alpha 4 in gastrointestinal stromal tumours. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:2220-2230. [PMID: 29377440 PMCID: PMC5867167 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms for the dissemination and metastasis of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) are incompletely understood. The purpose of the study was to investigate the clinical relevance of integrin alpha 4 (ITGA4) expression in GIST. GIST transcriptomes were first compared with transcriptomes of other types of cancer and histologically normal gastrointestinal tract tissue in the MediSapiens in silico database. ITGA4 was identified as an unusually highly expressed gene in GIST. Therefore, the effects of ITGA4 knock‐down and selective integrin alpha 4 beta 1 (VLA‐4) inhibitors on tumour cell proliferation and invasion were investigated in three GIST cell lines. In addition, the prognostic role of ITGA4 expression in cancer cells was investigated in a series of 147 GIST patients with immunohistochemistry. Inhibition of ITGA4‐related signalling decreased GIST cell invasion in all investigated GIST cell lines. ITGA4 protein was expressed in 62 (42.2%) of the 147 GISTs examined, and expression was significantly associated with distant metastases during the course of the disease and several adverse prognostic features. Patients whose GIST expressed strongly ITGA4 had unfavourable GIST‐specific survival and overall survival compared to patients with low or no ITGA4 expression. Taken together, ITGA4 is an important integrin in the molecular pathogenesis of GIST and may influence their clinical behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olli-Pekka Pulkka
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Translational Cancer Biology Program, Department of Oncology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - John-Patrick Mpindi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Tynninen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Olli Kallioniemi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology & Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Harri Sihto
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Translational Cancer Biology Program, Department of Oncology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Joensuu
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Translational Cancer Biology Program, Department of Oncology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Horwacik I, Rokita H. Modulation of interactions of neuroblastoma cell lines with extracellular matrix proteins affects their sensitivity to treatment with the anti-GD2 ganglioside antibody 14G2a. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1899-1914. [PMID: 28393238 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Children diagnosed with high risk neuroblastoma have poor prognosis which stimulates efforts to broaden therapies of the neoplasm. GD2-ganglioside (GD2) marks neuroblastoma cells and is a target for monoclonal antibodies. We have recently shown that some neuroblastoma cell lines are sensitive to direct cytotoxicity of the anti-GD2 mouse monoclonal antibody 14G2a (mAb). For IMR-32 and LA-N-1 cell lines, treatment with the 14G2a mAb induced evident changes in appearance such as cell rounding, aggregation, loose contact with culture plastic, or detachment. Such findings prompted us to investigate whether modulation of attachment of neuroblastoma cells to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins can affect their sensitivity to the 14G2a mAb treatment. First, using ultra-low attachment plates, we show that survival of the IMR-32, LA-N-1, LA-N-5, CHP-134 and Kelly cells depends on attachment. Next, we compared cellular ATP levels of the cell lines treated with the 14G2a mAb using uncoated, fibronectin-, collagen IV-coated surfaces to show that the ECM proteins slightly modulate sensitivity of the cell lines to the mAb. Then, we characterized presence of selected integrin subunits or their complexes on the cell surface. Finally, we applied small molecule inhibitors of selected integrin complexes: obtustatin (inhibiting α1β1 heterodimer), BIO 1211 (inhibiting active α4β1 heterodimer), cilengitide and SB273005 (inhibitors of αVβ3, αVβ5 heterodimers) to verify their effects on attachment of cell lines, cellular ATP levels, and in some experiments activities of apoptosis-executing caspase-3 and -7, for the compounds used alone or in combination with the 14G2a mAb. We characterized levels of total FAK (focal adhesion kinase), p-FAK (Tyr397) in IMR-32 cells treated with BIO 1211, and in LA-N-5, Kelly and SK-N-SH cells treated with SB273005. Our results extend knowledge on factors influencing cytotoxicity of 14G2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Horwacik
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Hanna Rokita
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Darzi L, Boshtam M, Shariati L, Kouhpayeh S, Gheibi A, Mirian M, Rahimmanesh I, Khanahmad H, Tabatabaiefar MA. The silencing effect of miR-30a on ITGA4 gene expression in vitro: an approach for gene therapy. Res Pharm Sci 2017; 12:456-464. [PMID: 29204174 PMCID: PMC5691572 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.217426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are adhesion molecules which play crucial roles in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Very late antigen-4 or α4β1 and lymphocyte Peyer’s patch adhesion molecule-1 or α4β7, are key factors in the invasion of tumor cells and metastasis. Based on the previous reports, integrin α4 (ITGA4) is overexpressed in some immune disorders and cancers. Thus, inhibition of ITGA4 could be a therapeutic strategy. In the present study, miR-30a was selected in order to suppress ITGA4 expression. The ITGA4 3' UTR was amplified, cloned in the Z2827-M67-(ITGA4) plasmid and named as Z2827-M67/3'UTR. HeLa cells were divided into five groups; (1) untreated without any transfection, (2) mock with Z2827-M67/3'UTR transfection and X-tremeGENE reagent, (3) negative control with Z2827-M67/3'UTR transfection alone, (4) test with miR-30a mimic and Z2827-M67/3'UTR transfection and (5) scramble with miR-30a scramble and Z2827-M67/3'UTR transfection. The MTT assay was performed to evaluate cell survival and cytotoxicity in each group. Real-time RT-PCR was applied for the ITGA4 expression analysis. The findings of this study showed that miR-30a downregulated ITGA4 expression and had no effect on the cell survival. Due to the silencing effect of miR-30a on the ITGA4 gene expression, this agent could be considered as a potential tool for cancer and immune disorders therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Darzi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Maryam Boshtam
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Laleh Shariati
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Shirin Kouhpayeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Azam Gheibi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Mina Mirian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Ilnaz Rahimmanesh
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Hossein Khanahmad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran.,Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Noncommunicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran.,Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Noncommunicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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18
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Hanieh H, Mohafez O, Hairul-Islam VI, Alzahrani A, Bani Ismail M, Thirugnanasambantham K. Novel Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonist Suppresses Migration and Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167650. [PMID: 27907195 PMCID: PMC5132326 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the remarkable progress to fight against breast cancer, metastasis remains the dominant cause of treatment failure and recurrence. Therefore, control of invasiveness potential of breast cancer cells is crucial. Accumulating evidences suggest Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), a helix-loop-helix transcription factor, as a promising target to control migration and invasion in breast cancer cells. Thus, an Ahr-based exploration was performed to identify a new Ahr agonist with inhibitory potentials on cancer cell motility. METHODS For prediction of potential interactions between Ahr and candidate molecules, bioinformatics analysis was carried out. The interaction of the selected ligand with Ahr and its effects on migration and invasion were examined in vitro using the MDA-MB-231 and T47D cell lines. The silencing RNAs were transfected into cells by electroporation. Expressions of microRNAs (miRNAs) and coding genes were quantified by real-time PCR, and the protein levels were detected by western blot. RESULTS The in silico and in vitro results identified Flavipin as a novel Ahr agonist. It induces formation of Ahr/Ahr nuclear translocator (Arnt) heterodimer to promote the expression of cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 (Cyp1a1). Migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and T47D cells were inhibited with Flavipin treatment in an Ahr-dependent fashion. Interestingly, Flavipin suppressed the pro-metastatic factor SRY-related HMG-box4 (Sox4) by inducing miR-212/132 cluster. Moreover, Flavipin inhibited growth and adhesion of both cell lines by suppressing gene expressions of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) and integrinα4 (ITGA4). CONCLUSION Taken together, the results introduce Flavipin as a novel Ahr agonist, and provide first evidences on its inhibitory effects on cancer cell motility, suggesting Flavipin as a candidate to control cell invasiveness in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Hanieh
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf Ahsaa, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Omar Mohafez
- Biomedical Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Hofuf Ahsaa, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, College of Pharmacy Al-Azhar University Assiut, Egypt
| | - Villianur Ibrahim Hairul-Islam
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf Ahsaa, Saudi Arabia
- Pondicherry Centre For Biological Sciences, Jawahar Nagar, Pondicherry, India
| | - Abdullah Alzahrani
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf Ahsaa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Bani Ismail
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf Ahsaa, Saudi Arabia
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Borriello L, Seeger RC, Asgharzadeh S, DeClerck YA. More than the genes, the tumor microenvironment in neuroblastoma. Cancer Lett 2015; 380:304-14. [PMID: 26597947 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the second most common solid tumor in children. Since the seminal discovery of the role of amplification of the MYCN oncogene in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma in the 1980s, much focus has been on the contribution of genetic alterations in the progression of this cancer. However it is now clear that not only genetic events play a role but that the tumor microenvironment (TME) substantially contributes to the biology of neuroblastoma. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of the literature on the contribution of the TME to the ten hallmarks of cancer in neuroblastoma and discuss the mechanisms of communication between neuroblastoma cells and the TME that underlie the influence of the TME on neuroblastoma progression. We end our review by discussing how the knowledge acquired over the last two decades in this field is now leading to new clinical trials targeting the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Borriello
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Robert C Seeger
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Shahab Asgharzadeh
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Yves A DeClerck
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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