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Chen HW, He Y, Ruan HH, Wu GB, Yu SJ, Wang Y, Chen GD, Qiu J, Wang CX, Chen LZ. [Mid-term efficacy evaluation of ABO incompatible living relative kidney transplantation based on protocol biopsy]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 104:944-949. [PMID: 38514343 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230719-00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the mid-term efficacy of ABO incompatible living donor kidney transplantation (ABOi-KT) based on the results of routine renal biopsy for transplantation. Methods: Retrospective collection of clinical data from 23 pairs of ABOi-KT donors and recipients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from July 2015 to November 2021. ABOi-KT was performed on recipients after desensitization treatment, and the results of routine kidney transplant biopsy at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery were analyzed. Combined with blood type antibody levels and renal function recovery, the mid-term efficacy of ABOi-KT was evaluated. Results: Among the 23 recipients, there were 19 males and 4 females; age range from 19 to 47 years old [(29.6±6.7) years old], all underwent ABOi-KT successfully after receiving desensitization treatment. The follow-up time was (44.6±22.4) months, of which 22 cases were followed up for more than 1 year. The incidence rates of rejection reactions at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery were 15.0% (3/20), 11.1% (1/9), 7.7% (1/13), 25.0% (3/12), and 12.5% (1/8), respectively. For receptors with rejection reactions, targeted anti-rejection therapy was performed based on clinical symptoms and various indicators. Borderline T cell mediated rejection (TCMR) can be converted to mild tubular inflammation after anti-rejection treatment. The positive rate of complement C4d in peritubular capillaries was 95.0% (19/20) one week after surgery, and the positive rate of complement C4d was 100% at 3 and 12 months after surgery. The cumulative survival rates at 1, 3, 5, and 7 years after surgery were all 100%. The cumulative survival rates at 1, 3, 5, and 7 years after kidney transplantation were 100%, 93.3%, 84.0%, and 84.0%, respectively. Except for 2 recipients who underwent transplantation in 2017 and experienced kidney failure at 30 and 49 months after surgery, all other transplanted kidneys survived. Conclusions: The results of routine renal transplant biopsy show that ABOi-KT has a good mid-term therapeutic effect. The pathological changes of ABOi-KT can be dynamically observed through routine renal transplant biopsy and targeted treatment for rejection reactions can be provided accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Chen
- Organ Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Y He
- Organ Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - H H Ruan
- Organ Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - G B Wu
- Organ Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - S J Yu
- Organ Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Y Wang
- Organ Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - G D Chen
- Organ Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - J Qiu
- Organ Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - C X Wang
- Organ Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - L Z Chen
- Organ Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Chu CH, Chia YH, Hsu HC, Vyas S, Tsai CM, Yamaguchi T, Tanaka T, Chen HW, Luo Y, Yang PC, Tsai DP. Intelligent Phase Contrast Meta-Microscope System. Nano Lett 2023; 23:11630-11637. [PMID: 38038680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Phase contrast imaging techniques enable the visualization of disparities in the refractive index among various materials. However, these techniques usually come with a cost: the need for bulky, inflexible, and complicated configurations. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an ultracompact meta-microscope, a novel imaging platform designed to accomplish both optical and digital phase contrast imaging. The optical phase contrast imaging system is composed of a pair of metalenses and an intermediate spiral phase metasurface located at the Fourier plane. The performance of the system in generating edge-enhanced images is validated by imaging a variety of human cells, including lung cell lines BEAS-2B, CLY1, and H1299 and other types. Additionally, we integrate the ResNet deep learning model into the meta-microscope to transform bright-field images into edge-enhanced images with high contrast accuracy. This technology promises to aid in the development of innovative miniature optical systems for biomedical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Hung Chu
- YongLin Institute of Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10672, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Chia
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chuan Hsu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Sunil Vyas
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ming Tsai
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Takeshi Yamaguchi
- Innovative Photon Manipulation Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takuo Tanaka
- Innovative Photon Manipulation Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yuan Luo
- YongLin Institute of Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10672, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
- Program for Precision Health and Intelligent Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- YongLin Institute of Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10672, Taiwan
- Program for Precision Health and Intelligent Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Din Ping Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Centre for Biosystems, Neuroscience, and Nanotechnology, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- The State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 99907, Hong Kong
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Shie WY, Chu PH, Kuo MYP, Chen HW, Lin MT, Su XJ, Hong YL, Chou HYE. Acidosis promotes the metastatic colonization of lung cancer via remodeling of the extracellular matrix and vasculogenic mimicry. Int J Oncol 2023; 63:136. [PMID: 37888615 PMCID: PMC10631766 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Acidosis is a hallmark of the tumor microenvironment caused by the metabolic switch from glucose oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. It has been associated with tumor growth and progression; however, the precise mechanism governing how acidosis promotes metastatic dissemination has yet to be elucidated. In the present study, a long‑term acidosis model was established using patient‑derived lung cancer cells, to identify critical components of metastatic colonization via transcriptome profiling combined with both in vitro and in vivo functional assays, and association analysis using clinical samples. Xenograft inoculates of 1 or 10 acidotic cells mimicking circulating tumor cell clusters were shown to exhibit increased tumor incidence compared with their physiological pH counterparts. Transcriptomics revealed that profound remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) occurred in the acidotic cells, including upregulation of the integrin subunit α‑4 (ITGA4) gene. In clinical lung cancer, ITGA4 expression was found to be upregulated in primary tumors with metastatic capability, and this trait was retained in the corresponding secondary tumors. Expression of ITGA4 was markedly upregulated around the vasculogenic mimicry structures of the acidotic tumors, while acidotic cells exhibited a higher ability of vasculogenic mimicry in vitro. Acidosis was also found to induce the enrichment of side population cells, suggesting an enhanced resistance to noxious attacks of the tumor microenvironment. Taken together, these results demonstrated that acidosis actively contributed to tumor metastatic colonization, and novel mechanistic insights into the therapeutic management and prognosis of lung cancer were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yi Shie
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pin-Hsuan Chu
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Mark Yen-Ping Kuo
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Meng-Tie Lin
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Xuan-Jie Su
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Ling Hong
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Han-Yi Elizabeth Chou
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Wu MF, Chang YH, Chen HY, Ho CC, Chen HW. Regulation of dendritic cell maturation in osimertinib-treated lung adenocarcinoma patients. J Formos Med Assoc 2023; 122:955-960. [PMID: 37169657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Osimertinib (OSI), a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), efficiently benefits lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. However, combined OSI and immune checkpoint inhibitor in EGFR-mutant patients increases the incidence of interstitial lung disease (ILD), although the mechanism is unknown. Here, we investigated the interaction between dendritic cells (DCs), a potential critical player in ILD, and OSI. Seventeen LUAD patients received TKI therapy, and only the OSI therapy group (N = 10) showed a significant increase in CD40 and CD83 on immature DCs (iDCs), and an elevated trend for both markers on mature DCs (mDCs) during short- and long-term OSI therapy. Our results indicated that OSI therapy may potentially activate DC functions, which might increase the potential immune toxicity when combined with onco-immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chi Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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5
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Yuan S, Chen YC, Tsai CH, Chen HW, Shieh GS. Feature selection translates drug response predictors from cell lines to patients. Front Genet 2023; 14:1217414. [PMID: 37519889 PMCID: PMC10382684 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1217414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies and chemotherapies are prevalent in cancer treatment. Identification of predictive markers to stratify cancer patients who will respond to these therapies remains challenging because patient drug response data are limited. As large amounts of drug response data have been generated by cell lines, methods to efficiently translate cell-line-trained predictors to human tumors will be useful in clinical practice. Here, we propose versatile feature selection procedures that can be combined with any classifier. For demonstration, we combined the feature selection procedures with a (linear) logit model and a (non-linear) K-nearest neighbor and trained these on cell lines to result in LogitDA and KNNDA, respectively. We show that LogitDA/KNNDA significantly outperforms existing methods, e.g., a logistic model and a deep learning method trained by thousands of genes, in prediction AUC (0.70-1.00 for seven of the ten drugs tested) and is interpretable. This may be due to the fact that sample sizes are often limited in the area of drug response prediction. We further derive a novel adjustment on the prediction cutoff for LogitDA to yield a prediction accuracy of 0.70-0.93 for seven drugs, including erlotinib and cetuximab, whose pathways relevant to anti-cancer therapies are also uncovered. These results indicate that our methods can efficiently translate cell-line-trained predictors into tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsheng Yuan
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chou Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsuan Tsai
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Grace S. Shieh
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Data Science Degree Program, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lin YC, Luo Y, Chen YJ, Chen HW, Young TH, Huang HM. Single-shot quantitative phase contrast imaging based on deep learning. Biomed Opt Express 2023; 14:3458-3468. [PMID: 37497508 PMCID: PMC10368029 DOI: 10.1364/boe.493828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative differential phase-contrast (DPC) imaging is one of the commonly used methods for phase retrieval. However, quantitative DPC imaging requires several pairwise intensity measurements, which makes it difficult to monitor living cells in real-time. In this study, we present a single-shot quantitative DPC imaging method based on the combination of deep learning (DL) and color-encoded illumination. Our goal is to train a model that can generate an isotropic quantitative phase image (i.e., target) directly from a single-shot intensity measurement (i.e., input). The target phase image was reconstructed using a linear-gradient pupil with two-axis measurements, and the model input was the measured color intensities obtained from a radially asymmetric color-encoded illumination pattern. The DL-based model was trained, validated, and tested using thirteen different cell lines. The total number of training, validation, and testing images was 264 (10 cells), 10 (1 cell), and 40 (2 cells), respectively. Our results show that the DL-based phase images are visually similar to the ground-truth phase images and have a high structural similarity index (>0.98). Moreover, the phase difference between the ground-truth and DL-based phase images was smaller than 13%. Our study shows the feasibility of using DL to generate quantitative phase imaging from a single-shot intensity measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Lin
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen Ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 100, Taiwan
| | - Yuan Luo
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen Ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 100, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ju Chen
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen Ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 100, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen Ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 100, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Horng Young
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen Ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 100, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ming Huang
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen Ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 100, Taiwan
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Cui C, Zhou XK, Zhu Y, Shen YM, Chen LD, Ju WZ, Chen HW, Gu K, Li MF, Pan YB, Chen ML. [Repeated stellate ganglion blockade for the treatment of ventricular tachycardia storm in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy: a new therapeutic option for patients with malignant arrhythmias]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2023; 51:521-525. [PMID: 37198124 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20220525-00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: This study sought to describe our institutional experience of repeated percutaneous stellate ganglion blockade (R-SGB) as a treatment option for drug-refractory electrical storm in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). Methods: This prospective observational study included 8 consecutive NICM patients who had drug-refractory electrical storm and underwent R-SGB between June 1, 2021 and January 31, 2022. Lidocaine (5 ml, 1%) was injected in the vicinity of the left stellate ganglion under the guidance of ultrasound, once per day for 7 days. Data including clinical characteristics, immediate and long-term outcomes, and procedure related complications were collected. Results: The mean age was (51.5±13.6) years. All patients were male. 5 patients were diagnosed as dilated cardiomyopathy, 2 patients as arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and 1 patient as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The left ventricular ejection fraction was 37.8%±6.6%. After the treatment of R-SGB, 6 (75%) patients were free of electrical storm. 24 hours Holter monitoring showed significant reduction in ventricular tachycardia (VT) episodes from 43.0 (13.3, 276.3) to 1.0 (0.3, 34.0) on the first day following R-SGB (P<0.05) and 0.5 (0.0, 19.3) after whole R-SGB process (P<0.05). There were no procedure-related major complications. The mean follow-up was (4.8±1.1) months, and the median time of recurrent VT was 2 months. Conclusion: Minimally invasive R-SGB is a safe and effective method to treat electrical storm in patients with NICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cui
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - X K Zhou
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y M Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L D Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - W Z Ju
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - H W Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - K Gu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M F Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y B Pan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M L Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Chen HW, Liu HT, Kuo YN, Yang DP, Ting TT, Chen JH, Chiu JY, Jair YC, Li HC, Chiang PJ, Chen WR, Lin MC, Hsu YH, Chen PS. Rapid and sensitive dilute-and-shoot analysis using LC-MS-MS for identification of multi-class psychoactive substances in human urine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 233:115443. [PMID: 37210892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of new psychoactive substances currently exceeding a thousand is rapidly changing substance prevalence patterns and straining the methods used for detection, most of which are suitable only for a single class of substances. This study presents a rapid and facile dilute-and-shoot system operated in conjunction with an optimized liquid chromatographic separation system for the high-sensitivity detection of substances across a range of substance classes with 3 isotopes used only. The proposed method based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is able to identify 68 substance and their metabolites in urine samples as small as 50 μL. Optimal chromatographic conditions including 95% water/methanol ratio with 0.1% added formic acid and a prolonged LC gradient run-time (15 min) improved the peak shape of polar compounds and enhanced signal strength by 5%. Under 4-fold dilution, all analytes were within 80-120% of tolerance response levels, indicating that the matrix effect was insignificant. In experiments, the limit of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.05 to 0.5 ng mL-1, while the coefficient of determination (R2) was > 0.9950. The retention time shift of each peak remained at < 2% with an inter-day relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.9-14.9% and intra-day RSD of 1.1%- 13.8%. The rapid dilute-and-shoot presents a high-sensitivity, significant stability, robustness and reproducibility without serious interference. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the system, 532 urine samples were collected from suspected drug abusers, and the proposed method was used for rapid analysis. Of these samples, 79.5% contained between one and twelve analytes, and 12.4% tested positive for new psychoactive substances, mostly derivatives of amphetamine and synthetic cathinones. The study presents a high-sensitivity analytic system that is capable of detecting substances from multiple classes and can be used for effective monitoring of substance prevalence in urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Tung Liu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yun-Ning Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Da-Peng Yang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Te-Tien Ting
- School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jung-Hsuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jui-Yi Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yung-Cheng Jair
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsu-Cheng Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pin-Ju Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Ru Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mei-Chih Lin
- Taiwan Food and Drug Administration, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ya-Hui Hsu
- Taiwan Food and Drug Administration, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pai-Shan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Dong JC, Liao Y, Chen HW, Song ZC. [Outcome of lingual gingival recession treated with the tunnel technique plus subepithelial connective tissue graft technique: a case report]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 57:1243-1246. [PMID: 36509525 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20220405-00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J C Dong
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology & Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Y Liao
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology & Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - H W Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology & Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Z C Song
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology & Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200011, China
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10
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Chen HW, Ma YN, Zhang RY, Jin ZL. [Progress in application of deep learning in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 57:1182-1187. [PMID: 36379900 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20220712-00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the application of artificial intelligence technology in the field of orthodontics has gradually increased, and deep learning, as a hot direction, has also been rapidly applied in the detection, evaluation, diagnosis, prediction and effect evaluation. At present, deep learning research has the advantages of high efficiency and accuracy, but it also has limitations such as weak interpretability and insufficient data volume. This paper reviewed the proposal and development of deep learning, the application in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment, as well as the limitations and countermeasures of the popularization, and prospect of the future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Y N Ma
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - R Y Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Z L Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an 710032, China
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Huang PQ, Du H, Chen HB, Li Y, Chen HW, Lei XL, Zhang MR, Lu XX. Invasive pulmonary fungal infections in children with severe human adenovirus type 7 pneumonia: A retrospective study. Pediatr Neonatol 2022; 63:388-393. [PMID: 35474019 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been a rapid increase in the number of human adenovirus type 7 (HAdV-7) and invasive pulmonary fungal infections (IPFIs) co-infection. METHODS In this study, we included patients with confirmed HAdV-7 infection during the period from 2018 to 2019 to explore clinical characteristics of severe HAdV-7 pneumonia combined with IPFIs. RESULTS Among the 143 patients, 35 cases were co-infected with IPFIs. Others were assigned to the control group (n Z 108). Patients wereprone to be complicated with respiratory failure, heart failure and hemophagocytic syndromein IPFIs group. Thirty-one species of fungi were detected in the IPFIs group, among whichAspergillus was the most common species. Compared to control group, patients had lowerlevels of WBC, CD3þ T lymphocyte counts and CD19þ B lymphocyte counts in IPFIs group. CONCLUSION Aspergillus is the most common species in IPFIs combined with severe HAdV-7 pneumonia. For children with severe HAdV-7 pneumonia who are younger, have a long course of disease, and have been admitted to the ICU, we should predict the occurrence of IPFIs when there is multi-system dysfunction and the reduction of CD3+ T lymphocyte counts and CD19+ B lymphocyte counts in course of their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Q Huang
- Department of Electrocardiogram, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - H Du
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - H B Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - H W Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - X L Lei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - M R Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - X X Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China.
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12
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Wang Z, Shi LS, Liu HL, Wang ZZ, Jiang XH, Chen HW, Yang G, Gu K, Ju WZ, Chen M. [Clinical characteristics and long-term follow-up results of radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of ventricular tachycardia in patients with arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2022; 50:549-555. [PMID: 35705463 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20210927-00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the acute and long-term outcome of catheter ablation for the treatment of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC). Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study enrolled ALVC patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of VT at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2011 to December 2018 and collected their clinical characteristics and intraoperative electrophysiological examination. Patients were followed up every 6 months after radiofrequency ablation until August 2021. Echocardiographic results and VT recurrence post radiofrequency ablation were analysed. Results: Totally 12 patients were enrolled (mean age: (42±15) years, 11 males(11/12)). The mean of left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVDd) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were (51±5)mm and (65±5)%, respectively. Twelve VTs were induced in 10 patients during the electrophysiological study, and the mean tachycardia cycle length was (293±65) ms. Three-dimensional substrate mapping revealed the diseased area at endocardial site in one patient, at epicardial sites in the other 11 patients (involved endocardial sites in 2 cases) with the basal part near the mitral annulus being the predilection for the substrate (10/11). After the catheter ablation at the endocardial and epicardial sites respectively, the complete procedure endpoint was achieved in all patients (VT cannot be induced post ablation). The median follow-up time was 65 (25, 123) months. One patient was lost to follow-up, and the other 11 patients survived without VT. No significant cardiac function deterioration was detected by the echocardiographic examination ((51±5)mm vs. (52±5)mm, P>0.05 for LVDd, (65±5)% vs. (60±6)%, P>0.05 for LVEF) at the end of follow-up. Conclusion: After radiofrequency ablation, the complete procedure endpoint is achieved in ALVC patients, and the catheter ablation provides long-term ventricular tachycardia control during the long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - L S Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - H L Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - Z Z Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - X H Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - H W Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - G Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - K Gu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - W Z Ju
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - Minglong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
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13
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Hwa HL, Peng FS, Ting TT, Chen HW, Chan HY, Yang DP, Chen PC, Kuo YN, Chen PS. Monitoring Phthalates in Maternal and Cord Blood: Implications for Prenatal Exposure and Birth Outcomes. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022; 41:715-725. [PMID: 35199389 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although many phthalates are endocrine-disrupting chemicals that are associated with adverse birth outcomes, the relationship between maternal phthalate exposure and birth outcomes is not yet conclusive. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between prenatal exposure to phthalates in human maternal and cord blood and birth outcomes of the infants. Sixty-five mother-infant pairs were recruited in Taipei City and New Taipei City, and birth outcomes of the infants were recorded. Twelve phthalate metabolites were measured in maternal and cord blood samples. The mean of mono-ethyl phthalate, mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), and mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) was relatively higher than that of the other metabolites in both maternal and infant blood. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) for mono-methyl phthalate (MMP) and MnBP between the maternal blood and cord blood of male infants. Mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), MMP, MiBP, and ∑di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (∑DEHP) in maternal blood were inversely correlated with the anogenital index (AGI) of male infants, with a p value between 0.011 and 0.033. Mono-n-octyl phthalate, MMP, MiBP, MnBP, and MBzP were positively correlated with the AGI of female infants, with a p value between 0.001 and 0.034. Cord blood levels of MnBP, mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl)-phthalate, MEHP, and ∑DEHP were found to be inversely associated with head circumference in all the infants, adjusted for gestational age. Phthalate monoesters are potentially estrogenic and antiandrogenic chemicals. Longitudinal follow-up of the present study population could help clarify the long-term impact of phthalates on growth and the health effects of background exposure levels. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:715-725. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Lin Hwa
- Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Forensic and Clinical Toxicology Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Shiang Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Tien Ting
- School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Chan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Da-Peng Yang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pau-Chung Chen
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ning Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Shan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Chen WR, Kong PH, Sauer C, Chen HW, Chan HY, Yang DP, Jair YC, Liu HT, Lin TY, Yen MY, Yen YF, Chang SH, Li LH, George C, Chang YC, Wu YH, Hwa HL, Chen CY, Chen JH, Kicman AT, Maurer HH, Chen PS. A proposed approach to confirm heroin administration - Regional differences in heroin purity is a major factor. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 128:105097. [PMID: 34902532 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.105097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In forensic toxicology, a marker of street heroin use is urgent especially in the absence of urinary 6-monoacetylmorphine. ATM4G, the Glucuronide of Acetylated product of Thebaine compound 4 Metabolite (ATM4), arising from byproducts of street heroin synthesis has been considered as a useful marker in some European studies. However, whether ATM4G is a universal marker particularly in Southeast Asia due to 'street' heroin with high purity, it's still unclear. To investigate putative markers for different regions, ATM4G and other metabolites including the Acetylated product of Thebaine compound 3 Metabolite (ATM3) and thebaol, also originated from thebaine were detected in 552 urine samples from heroin users in Taiwan. Results were compared with that from samples collected in the UK and Germany. Only a sulfo-conjugate of ATM4, ATM4S, was detected in 28 Taiwanese users using a sensitive MS3 method whilst out of 351 samples from the UK and Germany, ATM4G was present in 91. Thebaol-glucuronide was first time detected in 118. No markers were detected in urine following herbal medicine use or poppy seed ingestion. The presence of ATM4S/ATM4G might be affected by ethnicities and heroin supplied in regions. Thebaol-glucuronide is another putative marker with ATM4G and ATM4S for street heroin use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ru Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsin Kong
- Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Christoph Sauer
- Department Forensic Toxicology & Drug Analysis, SYNLAB, Weiden, Germany
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Chan
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Da-Peng Yang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Cheng Jair
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Tung Liu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Tsang-Yaw Lin
- Tsao-Tun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan
| | - Muh-Yong Yen
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Taipei City Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Feng Yen
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Taipei City Hospital, Taiwan
| | | | - Lan-Hui Li
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Taipei City Hospital, Taiwan
| | | | - Ya-Chi Chang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Wu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Lin Hwa
- Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; Forensic and Clinical Toxicology Center, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Chen
- Institute of Environmental Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Hsuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Andrew T Kicman
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Hans H Maurer
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Pai-Shan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
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15
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Lee PJ, Ho CC, Ho H, Chen WJ, Lin CH, Lai YH, Juan YC, Chu WC, Lee JH, Su SF, Chen HY, Chen JJW, Chang GC, Li KC, Yang PC, Chen HW. Tumor microenvironment-based screening repurposes drugs targeting cancer stem cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:9667-9686. [PMID: 34646392 PMCID: PMC8490509 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumorous niche may drive the plasticity of heterogeneity and cancer stemness, leading to drug resistance and metastasis, which is the main reason of treatment failure in most cancer patients. The aim of this study was to establish a tumor microenvironment (TME)-based screening to identify drugs that can specifically target cancer stem cells (CSCs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the TME. Methods: Lung cancer patient-derived cancer cell and CAFs were utilized to mimic the TME and reproduce the stemness properties of CSCs in vitro and develop a high-throughput drug screening platform with phenotypical parameters. Limiting dilution assay, sphere-forming and ALDH activity assay were utilized to measure the cancer stemness characteristics. In vivo patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and single-cell RNA sequencing were used to evaluate the mechanisms of the compounds in CSCs and CAFs. Results: The TME-based drug screening platform could comprehensively evaluate the response of cancer cells, CSCs and CAFs to different treatments. Among the 1,524 compounds tested, several drugs were identified to have anti-CAFs, anticancer and anti-CSCs activities. Aloe-emodin and digoxin both show anticancer and anti-CSCs activity in vitro and in vivo, which was further confirmed in the lung cancer PDX model. The combination of digoxin and chemotherapy improved therapeutic efficacy. The single-cell transcriptomics analysis revealed that digoxin could suppress the CSCs subpopulation in CAFs-cocultured cancer cells and cytokine production in CAFs. Conclusions: The TME-based drug screening platform provides a tool to identify and repurpose compounds targeting cancer cells, CSCs and CAFs, which may accelerate drug development and therapeutic application for lung cancer patients.
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16
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Su SF, Ho H, Li JH, Wu MF, Wang HC, Yeh HY, Kuo SW, Chen HW, Ho CC, Li KC. DNA methylome and transcriptome landscapes of cancer-associated fibroblasts reveal a smoking-associated malignancy index. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e139552. [PMID: 34228648 DOI: 10.1172/jci139552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike the better-studied aberrant epigenome in the tumor, the clinicopathologic impact of DNA methylation in the tumor microenvironment (TME), especially the contribution from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), remains elusive. CAFs exhibit profound patient-to-patient tumorigenic heterogeneity. We asked whether such heterogeneity may be exploited to quantify the level of TME malignancy. We developed a robust and efficient methylome/transcriptome co-analytical system for CAFs and paired normal fibroblasts (NFs) from non-small-cell lung cancer patients. We found 14,781 CpG sites of CAF/NF differential methylation, of which 3,707 sites showed higher methylation changes in ever-smokers than in nonsmokers. Concomitant CAF/NF differential gene expression analysis pointed to a subset of 54 smoking-associated CpG sites with strong methylation-regulated gene expression. A methylation index that summarizes the β values of these CpGs was built for NF/CAF discrimination (MIND) with high sensitivity and specificity. The potential of MIND in detecting premalignancy across individual patients was shown. MIND succeeded in predicting tumor recurrence in multiple lung cancer cohorts without reliance on patient survival data, suggesting that the malignancy level of TME may be effectively graded by this index. Precision TME grading may provide additional pathological information to guide cancer prognosis and open up more options in personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Fang Su
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,YongLin Institute of Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao Ho
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hua Li
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fang Wu
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Chieh Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yuan Yeh
- School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuenn-Wen Kuo
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chi Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ker-Chau Li
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Statistics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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17
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Chao CT, Yeh HY, Tsai YT, Chiang CK, Chen HW. A combined microRNA and target protein-based panel for predicting the probability and severity of uraemic vascular calcification: a translational study. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:1958-1973. [PMID: 32866261 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Vascular calcification (VC) increases the future risk of cardiovascular events in uraemic patients, but effective therapies are still unavailable. Accurate identification of those at risk of developing VC using pathogenesis-based biomarkers is of particular interest and may facilitate individualized risk stratification. We aimed to uncover microRNA (miRNA)-target protein-based biomarker panels for evaluating uraemic VC probability and severity. METHODS AND RESULTS We created a three-tiered in vitro VC model and an in vivo uraemic rat model receiving high phosphate diet to mimic uraemic VC. RNAs from the three-tiered in vitro and in vivo uraemic VC models underwent miRNA and mRNA microarray, with results screened for differentially expressed miRNAs and their target genes as biomarkers. Findings were validated in original models and additionally in an ex vivo VC model and human cells, followed by functional assays of identified miRNAs and target proteins, and tests of sera from end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients without and with VC. Totally 122 down-regulated and 119 up-regulated miRNAs during calcification progression were identified initially; further list narrowing based on miRNA-mRNA pairing, anti-correlation, and functional enrichment left 16 and 14 differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs. Levels of four miRNAs (miR-10b-5p, miR-195, miR-125b-2-3p, and miR-378a-3p) were shown to decrease throughout all models tested, while one mRNA (SULF1, a potential target of miR-378a-3p) exhibited the opposite trend concurrently. Among 96 ESRD (70.8% with VC) and 59 CKD patients (61% with VC), serum miR-125b2-3p and miR-378a-3p decreased with greater VC severity, while serum SULF1 levels increased. Adding serum miR-125b-2-3p, miR-378a-3p, and SULF1 into regression models for VC substantially improved performance compared to using clinical variables alone. CONCLUSION Using a translational approach, we discovered a novel panel of biomarkers for gauging the probability/severity of uraemic VC based on miRNAs/target proteins, which improved the diagnostic accuracy.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Animals
- Biomarkers/blood
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Humans
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Organ Culture Techniques
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Protein Interaction Maps
- Proteome
- Proteomics
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Factors
- Severity of Illness Index
- Signal Transduction
- Sulfotransferases/blood
- Transcriptome
- Translational Research, Biomedical
- Uremia/complications
- Uremia/genetics
- Uremia/metabolism
- Vascular Calcification/etiology
- Vascular Calcification/genetics
- Vascular Calcification/metabolism
- Vascular Calcification/pathology
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ter Chao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Bei-Hu Branch, No. 87, Neijiang Street, Wanhua District, Taipei 10845, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, No.1, Section 4, Ren-Ai Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No.1, Section 4, Ren-Ai Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yuan Yeh
- School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, No.70, Linxi Road, Shilin District, Taipei 11102, Taiwan
| | - You-Tien Tsai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Bei-Hu Branch, No. 87, Neijiang Street, Wanhua District, Taipei 10845, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kang Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, No.1, Section 4, Ren-Ai Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
- Department of Integrative Diagnostics and Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan South Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, No.1, Section 4, Ren-Ai Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
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18
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Su ZH, Li SJ, Chen HW, Zhang H. [Comparison of trends in congenital heart disease mortality from 1990 to 2017 between China and North America]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2021; 49:269-275. [PMID: 33706462 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200618-00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare trends in congenital heart disease (CHD) mortality between China and North America from 1990 to 2017. Methods: Using the data from the Global Burden Of Disease (GBD) study 2017, we analyzed the related indicators of CHD mortality in China and North America from 1990 to 2017, including standardized mortality, number of deaths, age distribution of death population and age-specific mortality of CHD in each birth cohort. Age-period-cohort model was used to calculate the annual percent change of age-standardized and age-specific mortality rates of CHD (% per year), period effect-adjusted age-specific mortality rates, and the relative risk of death among CHD population at different time periods (2000-2004 as reference period) and different birth cohorts (1970 as reference cohort). Results: In 2017, the age-standardized mortality rates for CHD in China and North America were 2.63/100 000 and 1.13/100 000 respectively, a decrease of 50.4% and 49.4% compared to 1990. Of all deaths from CHD in China, 76.8% were found in children under 5 years, which was higher than that in North America (51.7%). For population under 40 years, the period effect-adjusted age-specific mortality was higher in China (0.46-167.94 per 100 000 person-years) than in North America (0.68-22.47 per 100 000 person-years); whereas for population over 40 years, mortality was lower in China (0.13-0.34/100 000 person years) than in North America (0.43-0.72/100 000 person-years).From 1990 to 2017, CHD mortality in China decreased by 1.95% per year. The annual decrease of mortality ranged from 1.95% to 3.64% per year in population under 45 years, but the mortality showed increasing trends among those over 50 years. In 2015-2019, the relative risk of death from CHD decreased by 31% in China and 24% in North America. For 2015 birth cohort, the relative risk of death decreased by 84% in China and by 64% in North America. Conclusions: In the past 30 years, the risk of death from CHD in China has significantly decreased, and the survival gap with North America is dramatically narrowed. However, mortality is higher among younger populations in China than in North America, and the mortality in the elders shows increasing trends each year in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Su
- Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - S J Li
- Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - H W Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Diseases, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Diseases, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 200127, China
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Su SF, Liu CH, Cheng CL, Ho CC, Yang TY, Chen KC, Hsu KH, Tseng JS, Chen HW, Chang GC, Yu SL, Li KC. Genome-Wide Epigenetic Landscape of Lung Adenocarcinoma Links HOXB9 DNA Methylation to Intrinsic EGFR-TKI Resistance and Heterogeneous Responses. JCO Precis Oncol 2021; 5:PO.20.00151. [PMID: 34036228 PMCID: PMC8140798 DOI: 10.1200/po.20.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) show efficacy in treating patients with lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR-activating mutations. However, a significant subset of targeted patients fail to respond. Unlike acquired resistance (AR), intrinsic resistance (IR) remains poorly understood. We investigated whether epigenomic factors contribute to patient-to-patient heterogeneity in the EGFR-TKI response and aimed to characterize the IR subpopulation that obtains no benefit from EGFR-TKIs. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of 79 tumors sampled from patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma before they received EGFR-TKI treatment and analyzed the patient responses. Pyrosequencing was performed in a validation cohort of 163 patients with EGFR-activating mutations. RESULTS A DNA methylation landscape of 216 CpG sites with differential methylation was established to elucidate the association of DNA methylation with the characteristics and EGFR-TKI response status of the patients. Functional analysis of 37 transcription-repressive sites identified the enrichment of transcription factors, notably homeobox (HOX) genes. DNA methylation of HOXB9 (cg13643585) in the enhancer region yielded 88% sensitivity for predicting drug response (odds ratio [OR], 6.64; 95% CI, 1.98 to 25.23; P = .0009). Pyrosequencing validated that HOXB9 gained methylation in patients with a poor EGFR-TKI response (OR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.13 to 8.19; P = .019). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that homeobox DNA methylation could be a novel tumor cellular state that can aid the precise categorization of tumor heterogeneity in the study of IR to EGFR-TKIs. We identified, for the first time, an epigenomic factor that can potentially complement DNA mutation status in discriminating patients with lung adenocarcinoma who are less likely to benefit from EGFR-TKI treatment, thereby leading to improved patient management in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Fang Su
- Institute of Statistical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,YongLin Institute of Health, YongLin Scholar, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Liu
- Institute of Statistical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Ling Cheng
- NTU Centers for Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chi Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Chieh Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Internal Medicine, Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Sen Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- NTU Centers for Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ker-Chau Li
- Institute of Statistical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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20
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Chen YJ, Roumeliotis TI, Chang YH, Chen CT, Han CL, Lin MH, Chen HW, Chang GC, Chang YL, Wu CT, Lin MW, Hsieh MS, Wang YT, Chen YR, Jonassen I, Ghavidel FZ, Lin ZS, Lin KT, Chen CW, Sheu PY, Hung CT, Huang KC, Yang HC, Lin PY, Yen TC, Lin YW, Wang JH, Raghav L, Lin CY, Chen YS, Wu PS, Lai CT, Weng SH, Su KY, Chang WH, Tsai PY, Robles AI, Rodriguez H, Hsiao YJ, Chang WH, Sung TY, Chen JS, Yu SL, Choudhary JS, Chen HY, Yang PC, Chen YJ. Proteogenomics of Non-smoking Lung Cancer in East Asia Delineates Molecular Signatures of Pathogenesis and Progression. Cell 2021; 182:226-244.e17. [PMID: 32649875 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer in East Asia is characterized by a high percentage of never-smokers, early onset and predominant EGFR mutations. To illuminate the molecular phenotype of this demographically distinct disease, we performed a deep comprehensive proteogenomic study on a prospectively collected cohort in Taiwan, representing early stage, predominantly female, non-smoking lung adenocarcinoma. Integrated genomic, proteomic, and phosphoproteomic analysis delineated the demographically distinct molecular attributes and hallmarks of tumor progression. Mutational signature analysis revealed age- and gender-related mutagenesis mechanisms, characterized by high prevalence of APOBEC mutational signature in younger females and over-representation of environmental carcinogen-like mutational signatures in older females. A proteomics-informed classification distinguished the clinical characteristics of early stage patients with EGFR mutations. Furthermore, integrated protein network analysis revealed the cellular remodeling underpinning clinical trajectories and nominated candidate biomarkers for patient stratification and therapeutic intervention. This multi-omic molecular architecture may help develop strategies for management of early stage never-smoker lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Theodoros I Roumeliotis
- Functional Proteomics Group, Chester Beatty Laboratories, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Ya-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Tai Chen
- Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Li Han
- Master Program in Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Miao-Hsia Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Leong Chang
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Tu Wu
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Wei Lin
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Shu Hsieh
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tai Wang
- National Applied Research Laboratories, National Center for High-performance Computing, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yet-Ran Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Inge Jonassen
- Computational Biology Unit (CBU), Informatics Department, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Ze-Shiang Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Tyng Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yuan Sheu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ting Hung
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Hao-Chin Yang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chi Yen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Lin
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Hung Wang
- Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lovely Raghav
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Si Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shan Wu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ting Lai
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Kang-Yi Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hung Chang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pang-Yan Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ana I Robles
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Henry Rodriguez
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yi-Jing Hsiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsin Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yi Sung
- Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jin-Shing Chen
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jyoti S Choudhary
- Functional Proteomics Group, Chester Beatty Laboratories, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK.
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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21
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Chao CT, Yeh HY, Tsai YT, Yuan TH, Liao MT, Huang JW, Chen HW. Astaxanthin Counteracts Vascular Calcification In Vitro Through an Early Up-Regulation of SOD2 Based on a Transcriptomic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228530. [PMID: 33198315 PMCID: PMC7698184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is a critical contributor to the rising cardiovascular risk among at-risk populations such as those with diabetes or renal failure. The pathogenesis of VC involves an uprising of oxidative stress, for which antioxidants can be theoretically effective. However, astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant, has not been tested before for the purpose of managing VC. To answer this question, we tested the efficacy of astaxanthin against VC using the high phosphate (HP)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification model. RNAs from treated groups underwent Affymetrix microarray screening, with intra-group consistency and inter-group differential expressions identified. Candidate hub genes were selected, followed by validation in experimental models and functional characterization. We showed that HP induced progressive calcification among treated VSMCs, while astaxanthin dose-responsively and time-dependently ameliorated calcification severities. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that 3491 genes exhibited significant early changes during VC progression, among which 26 potential hub genes were selected based on closeness ranking and biologic plausibility. SOD2 was validated in the VSMC model, shown to drive the deactivation of cellular senescence and enhance antioxidative defenses. Astaxanthin did not alter intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels without HP, but significantly lowered ROS production in HP-treated VSMCs. SOD2 knockdown prominently abolished the anti-calcification effect of astaxanthin on HP-treated VSMCs, lending support to our findings. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time that astaxanthin could be a potential candidate treatment for VC, through inducing the up-regulation of SOD2 early during calcification progression and potentially suppressing vascular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ter Chao
- Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital BeiHu Branch, Taipei 10845, Taiwan; (C.-T.C.); (Y.-T.T.)
- Geriatric and Community Medicine Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital BeiHu Branch, Taipei 10845, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100233, Taiwan;
| | - Hsiang-Yuan Yeh
- School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei 11102, Taiwan;
| | - You-Tien Tsai
- Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital BeiHu Branch, Taipei 10845, Taiwan; (C.-T.C.); (Y.-T.T.)
| | - Tzu-Hang Yuan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;
| | - Min-Tser Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Armed Force Taoyuan General Hospital, Taoyuan County 32551, Taiwan;
| | - Jenq-Wen Huang
- Nephrology division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital YunLin Branch, YunLin County 640203, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-5-5323911 (ext. 5675)
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100233, Taiwan;
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22
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Cheng KW, Hsieh CM, Chen HW, Chi PC, Yang DP, Chan SH, Chen JY, Hwa HL, Fang CC, Weng TI, Chen PS. Determination of synthetic cathinone α-pyrrolidinovalero-phenone and its metabolite in urine using solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2020; 34 Suppl 1:e8579. [PMID: 31502287 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The presence of α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone (α-PVP) and its metabolites in urine is evidence of the administration of α-PVP. A toxicological challenge is that the metabolites of α-PVP exhibit amphoteric properties, which make them unsuitable for detection using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In the study reported, proper derivatization and sample extraction were essential for improving the sensitivity for GC/MS analysis. METHODS An automated solid-phase extraction (SPE) method has been developed and optimized. The derivatization efficiency was tested using longer reaction time and the addition of polar pyridine into a mixture of N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) with 1% trimethylchlorosilane. Method validation, including linearity, limit of detection, precision, accuracy, and recovery, was evaluated using automatic SPE and GC/MS. RESULTS The results suggested that adding pyridine to BSTFA (1:1, v/v) significantly improved derivatization efficiency and precision. After optimization, the linear range was from 25 to 1000 ng mL-1 with R2 > 0.9950. The limit of detection was 5 ng mL-1 for α-PVP and 25 ng mL-1 for OH-α-PVP. The recovery for SPE was over 88%. The inter-day and intra-day precisions were less than 15%. A forensic sample has been found containing α-PVP (67.3 ng mL-1 ) and OH-α-PVP (560.2 ng mL-1 ). CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to validate an auto-SPE-GC/MS method for the quantification and qualification of α-PVP and OH-α-PVP in urine. We have successfully improved the derivatization efficiency and developed a sensitive and semi-automatic approach. This approach is desirable for the detection of synthetic cathinone at trace levels in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wen Cheng
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung, 433, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ming Hsieh
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Jen Ai Road Section 1, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Chieh Chi
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Jen Ai Road Section 1, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Da-Peng Yang
- Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 7 Chung-Shan S. Road., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - She-Hung Chan
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung, 433, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Yu Chen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 7 Chung-Shan S. Road., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Hsaio-Lin Hwa
- Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 7 Chung-Shan S. Road., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chung Fang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Te-I Weng
- Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 7 Chung-Shan S. Road., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Shan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Jen Ai Road Section 1, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 7 Chung-Shan S. Road., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
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23
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Raghav L, Chang YH, Hsu YC, Li YC, Chen CY, Yang TY, Chen KC, Hsu KH, Tseng JS, Chuang CY, Lee MH, Wang CL, Chen HW, Yu SL, Su SF, Yuan SS, Chen JJ, Ho SY, Li KC, Yang PC, Chang GC, Chen HY. Landscape of Mitochondria Genome and Clinical Outcomes in Stage 1 Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E755. [PMID: 32210009 PMCID: PMC7140061 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Risk factors including genetic effects are still being investigated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Mitochondria play an important role in controlling imperative cellular parameters, and anomalies in mitochondrial function might be crucial for cancer development. The mitochondrial genomic aberrations found in lung adenocarcinoma and their associations with cancer development and progression are not yet clearly characterized. Here, we identified a spectrum of mitochondrial genome mutations in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma and explored their association with prognosis and clinical outcomes. Next-generation sequencing was used to reveal the mitochondrial genomes of tumor and conditionally normal adjacent tissues from 61 Stage 1 LUADs. Mitochondrial somatic mutations and clinical outcomes including relapse-free survival (RFS) were analyzed. Patients with somatic mutations in the D-loop region had longer RFS (adjusted hazard ratio, adjHR = 0.18, p = 0.027), whereas somatic mutations in mitochondrial Complex IV and Complex V genes were associated with shorter RFS (adjHR = 3.69, p = 0.012, and adjHR = 6.63, p = 0.002, respectively). The risk scores derived from mitochondrial somatic mutations were predictive of RFS (adjHR = 9.10, 95%CI: 2.93-28.32, p < 0.001). Our findings demonstrated the vulnerability of the mitochondrial genome to mutations and the potential prediction ability of somatic mutations. This research may contribute to improving molecular guidance for patient treatment in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovely Raghav
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (L.R.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (S.-S.Y.); (K.-C.L.)
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan;
- Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (L.R.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (S.-S.Y.); (K.-C.L.)
| | - Yi-Chiung Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Cheng Li
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (L.R.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (S.-S.Y.); (K.-C.L.)
| | - Chih-Yi Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (K.-H.H.); (J.-S.T.)
| | - Kun-Chieh Chen
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (K.-H.H.); (J.-S.T.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Hsu
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (K.-H.H.); (J.-S.T.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Jeng-Sen Tseng
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (K.-H.H.); (J.-S.T.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Yen Chuang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan;
| | - Mei-Hsuan Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Liang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Sheng-Fang Su
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan;
| | - Shin-Sheng Yuan
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (L.R.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (S.-S.Y.); (K.-C.L.)
| | - Jeremy J.W. Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Shinn-Ying Ho
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan;
| | - Ker-Chau Li
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (L.R.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (S.-S.Y.); (K.-C.L.)
- Department of Statistics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1554, USA
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (K.-H.H.); (J.-S.T.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (L.R.); (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-C.L.); (S.-S.Y.); (K.-C.L.)
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Yeh HY, Chao CT, Lai YP, Chen HW. Predicting the Associations between Meridians and Chinese Traditional Medicine Using a Cost-Sensitive Graph Convolutional Neural Network. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17030740. [PMID: 31979314 PMCID: PMC7036907 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Natural products are the most important and commonly used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for healthcare and disease prevention in East-Asia. Although the Meridian system of TCM was established several thousand years ago, the rationale of Meridian classification based on the ingredient compounds remains poorly understood. A core challenge for the traditional machine learning approaches for chemical activity prediction is to encode molecules into fixed length vectors but ignore the structural information of the chemical compound. Therefore, we apply a cost-sensitive graph convolutional neural network model to learn local and global topological features of chemical compounds, and discover the associations between TCM and their Meridians. In the experiments, we find that the performance of our approach with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) of 0.82 which is better than the traditional machine learning algorithm and also obtains 8%–13% improvement comparing with the state-of-the-art methods. We investigate the powerful ability of deep learning approach to learn the proper molecular descriptors for Meridian prediction and to provide novel insights into the complementary and alternative medicine of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Yuan Yeh
- School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei 111, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| | - Chia-Ter Chao
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital BeiHu Branch, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Pei Lai
- School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Chao CT, Yuan TH, Yeh HY, Chen HY, Huang JW, Chen HW. Risk Factors Associated With Altered Circulating Micro RNA -125b and Their Influences on Uremic Vascular Calcification Among Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 8:e010805. [PMID: 30646802 PMCID: PMC6497364 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.010805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background MicroRNA‐125b (miR‐125b) has been shown to regulate vascular calcification (VC), and serum miR‐125b levels are a potential biomarker for estimating the risk of uremic VC status. However, it is unknown whether clinical features, including chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorder molecules, affect serum miR‐125b levels. Methods and Results Patients receiving chronic dialysis for ≥3 months were recruited from different institutes. Serum miR‐125b and chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorder effectors, including intact parathyroid hormone, 25‐OH‐D, fibroblast growth factor‐23, osteoprotegerin, and fetuin‐A, were quantified. We used multivariate regression analyses to identify factors associated with low serum miR‐125b levels and an area under receiver operating characteristic curve curve to derive optimal cutoffs for factors exhibiting close associations. Further regression analyses evaluated the influence of miR‐125b on VC risk. Among 223 patients receiving chronic dialysis (mean age, 67.3 years; mean years of dialysis, 5.2), 54 (24.2%) had high serum miR‐125b levels. Osteoprotegerin (P=0.013), fibroblast growth factor‐23 (P=0.006), and fetuin‐A (P=0.036) were linearly associated with serum miR‐125b levels. High osteoprotegerin levels independently correlated with high serum miR‐125 levels. Adding serum miR‐125b levels and serum osteoprotegerin levels (≥400 pg/mL) into models estimating the risk of uremic VC increased the area under receiver operating characteristic curve values (for models without miR‐125b/osteoprotegerin, with miR‐125b, and both: 0.74, 0.79, and 0.81, respectively). Conclusions Serum osteoprotegerin levels ≥400 pg/mL and serum miR‐125b levels synergistically increased the accuracy of estimating VC risk among patients receiving chronic dialysis. Taking miR‐125b and osteoprotegerin levels into consideration when estimating VC risk may be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ter Chao
- 1 Department of Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital BeiHu Branch Taipei Taiwan.,2 Nephrology Division Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,3 Department of Geriatric and Community Medicine Research Center National Taiwan University Hospital BeiHu branch Taipei Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hang Yuan
- 4 Graduate Institute of Toxicology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yuan Yeh
- 5 School of Big Data Management Soochow University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- 6 Institute of Statistical Science Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jenq-Wen Huang
- 2 Nephrology Division Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- 4 Graduate Institute of Toxicology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
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Rahmawati E, Yang WCV, Lei YP, Maurya PK, Chen HW, Tzeng CR. Decreased Level of Neurotrophic Factor Neuritin 1 in Women with Ovarian Endometriosis after Receiving Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4352. [PMID: 31491902 PMCID: PMC6770869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment on the expression of neuritin 1 (NRN1) in women with ovarian endometriosis. We collected tissues and serum from women with endometriosis treated with (n = 45) or without (n = 37) GnRHa. NRN1 mRNA and protein levels were measured using qPCR and Western blot. Immunolocalization of NRN1 in endometriotic tissues was examined using immunohistochemistry. In addition, a follow-up study was carried out to monitor the serum level of NRN1 in patients before and after GnRHa treatment. Both mRNA (p = 0.046) and protein (p = 0.0155) levels of NRN1 were significantly lower in endometriotic tissues from patients receiving GnRHa treatment compared to the untreated group. Both epithelial and stromal cells of endometriotic tissues from untreated women with endometriosis exhibited stronger staining of NRN1 but not in those who were treated with GnRHa. The follow-up study showed that the serum level of the NRN1 concentration decreased significantly from 1149 ± 192.3 to 379.2 ± 80.16 pg/mL after GnRHa treatment (p = 0.0098). The expression of NRN1 was significantly lower in women with ovarian endometriosis treated with GnRHa. These results suggest that NRN1 may be a biomarker response to the effect of GnRHa treatment for patients with ovarian endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endah Rahmawati
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Wei-Chung Vivian Yang
- The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Ping Lei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India.
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Chii-Ruey Tzeng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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Huang HC, Chiang SJ, Wen SH, Lee PJ, Chen HW, Chen YF, Dong CY. Three-dimensional nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratios provide better discrimination of normal and lung adenocarcinoma cells than in two dimensions. J Biomed Opt 2019; 24:1-4. [PMID: 31432656 PMCID: PMC6983472 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.8.080502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We acquired multiphoton images of normal and lung adenocarcinoma cell lines in three dimensions. Image stacks of the cells were then processed to obtain nucleus-to-cytoplasm (N/C) ratios in two and three dimensions. While N/C ratios in three dimensions can be unambiguously determined from the volumetric ratios of the nucleus and cytoplasm, two-dimensional (2-D) N/C can vary depending on the axial plane selected for N/C ratio determination. We determined 2-D N/C ratios from three criteria: (1) axial position at which the nuclear area is the largest; (2) the largest 2-D N/C ratio value; and (3) axial position at the midpoint of nuclear axial position. We found that different definitions of 2-D N/C ratio will significantly affect its value. Furthermore, in general, larger variance was found in 2-D rather than three-dimensional (3-D) N/C ratios. Lack of ambiguity in definition and reduced variance suggest that 3-D N/C ratio is a better parameter for characterizing tumor cells in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsu-Cheng Huang
- National Taiwan University, Department of Physics, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jen Chiang
- National Taiwan University, Department of Physics, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Han Wen
- National Taiwan University, Department of Physics, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jung Lee
- National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Toxicology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Fang Chen
- National Taiwan University, Department of Physics, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yuan Dong
- National Taiwan University, Department of Physics, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chao CT, Yeh HY, Yuan TH, Chiang CK, Chen HW. MicroRNA-125b in vascular diseases: An updated systematic review of pathogenetic implications and clinical applications. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:5884-5894. [PMID: 31301111 PMCID: PMC6714222 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes, particularly non‐coding RNAs, have been implicated extensively in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Specific miRNAs are involved in the differentiation, phenotypic switch, proliferation, apoptosis, cytokine production and matrix deposition of endothelial cells and/or vascular smooth muscle cells. MicroRNA‐125b has been studied in depth for its role in carcinogenesis with a double‐edged role; that is, it can act as an oncogene in some cancer types and as a tumour suppressor gene in others. However, cumulative evidence from the use of advanced miRNA profiling techniques and bioinformatics analysis suggests that miR‐125b can be a potential mediator and useful marker of vascular diseases. Currently, the exact role of miR‐125b in vascular diseases is not known. In this systematic review, we intend to provide an updated compilation of all the recent findings of miR‐125b in vascular diseases, using a systematic approach of retrieving data from all available reports followed by data summarization. MiR‐125b serves as a pathogenic player in multiple vascular pathologies involving endothelia and vascular smooth muscle cells and also serves as a diagnostic marker for vascular diseases. We further provide a computational biologic presentation of the complex network of miR‐125b and its target genes within the scope of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ter Chao
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital BeiHu Branch, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yuan Yeh
- School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hang Yuan
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kang Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sung PJ, Rama N, Imbach J, Fiore S, Ducarouge B, Neves D, Chen HW, Bernard D, Yang PC, Bernet A, Depil S, Mehlen P. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Produce Netrin-1 to Control Cancer Cell Plasticity. Cancer Res 2019; 79:3651-3661. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen HW, Chen YW, Kuo JL, Lai YC, Chou FC, Du CH, Liu HL. Spin-charge-lattice coupling in YBaCuFeO 5: Optical properties and first-principles calculations. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3223. [PMID: 30824718 PMCID: PMC6397168 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We combined spectroscopic ellipsometry, Raman scattering spectroscopy, and first-principles calculations to explore the optical properties of YBaCuFeO5 single crystals. Measuring the optical absorption spectrum of YBaCuFeO5 at room temperature revealed a direct optical band gap at approximately 1.41 eV and five bands near 1.69, 2.47, 3.16, 4.26, and 5.54 eV. Based on first-principles calculations, the observed optical excitations were appropriately assigned. Analysis of the temperature dependence of the band gap indicated anomalies in antiferromagnetic phase transition at 455 and 175 K. Additionally, a hardening in the frequency of the Eg phonon mode was observed at 175 K. The value of the spin-phonon coupling constant was 15.7 mRy/Å2. These results suggest a complex nature of spin-charge-lattice interactions in YBaCuFeO5.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | - Y-W Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - J-L Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Y C Lai
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - F C Chou
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - C H Du
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - H L Liu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan.
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Lin CA, Yu SL, Chen HY, Chen HW, Lin SU, Chang CC, Yu CJ, Yang PC, Ho CC. EGFR-Mutant SCLC Exhibits Heterogeneous Phenotypes and Resistance to Common Antineoplastic Drugs. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:513-526. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Hsu KH, Huang YH, Tseng JS, Chen KC, Ku WH, Su KY, Chen JJW, Chen HW, Yu SL, Yang TY, Chang GC. High PD-L1 expression correlates with primary resistance to EGFR-TKIs in treatment naïve advanced EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients. Lung Cancer 2018; 127:37-43. [PMID: 30642549 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The main objective was to investigate the relationship between Programmed cell Death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels and the frequency of primary resistance to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) in treatment naïve advanced EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 2012-2017, we enrolled advanced EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients who displayed primary resistance to EGFR-TKI therapy, along with patients with disease control, and patients experiencing either stable disease or partial response to EGFR-TKI treatment. RESULTS Sixty-six patients were enrolled as the primary resistance group, while 57 patients were included as the disease control group. Fifteen-five (22.7%) patients had a PD-L1 Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) ≧50% in the primary resistance group, with only one patient (1.8%) having that score in the disease control group (P<0.001). Twenty (30.3%) patients had a PD-L1 ≧25% in the primary resistance group, with 2 (3.5%) patients having that level in the disease control group (P<0.001). Thirty (45.5%) patients had a PD-L1 ≧1% in the primary resistance group, with 7 (12.3%) patients at that level in the disease control group (P = 0.001). Patients with a PD-L1≧1% displayed a higher incidence of primary resistance to EGFR-TKIs than those with a PD-L1<1% (Odds Ratio (OR), 5.95; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 2.35-15.05; P<0.001). The phenomenon existed still when the cutoff value was changed to both 25% (OR, 11.96; 95% CI, 2.65-53.87; P = 0.001) and 50% (OR, 16.47; 95% CI, 2.10-129.16; P = 0.008). The estimated median Progression-free Survival (PFS) rate was 7.3 months in patients with a PD-L1<1%, 2.1 months in patients with a PD-L1≧1%, 1.8 months in patients with a PD-L1≧25%, and 1.6 months in patients with a PD-L1≧50%. CONCLUSIONS Treatment for advanced EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients displaying a higher PD-L1 expression level experienced a higher frequency of primary resistance to EGFR-TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Hsuan Hsu
- Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Sect. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 407, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Hsiang Huang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Sect. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 407, Taiwan.
| | - Jeng-Sen Tseng
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Sect. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 407, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sect. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
| | - Kun-Chieh Chen
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Sect. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 407, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Hui Ku
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Taipei Institute of Pathology, Taiwan.
| | - Kang-Yi Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sect. 1, Jen Ai Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Jeremy J W Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sect. 1, Jen-Ai Rd., Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sect. 1, Jen Ai Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 2, Syu-jhou Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 7., Chung San South Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sect. 1, Jen Ai Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Sect. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 407, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sect. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Sect. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 407, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sect. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 112, Taiwan; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Sect. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 407, Taiwan.
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Rahmawati E, Yang WCV, Lei YP, Maurya PK, Chen HW, Tzeng CR. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist induces downregulation of tensin 1 in women with endometriosis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2018; 98:222-231. [PMID: 30312486 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many cell migration-related molecules are associated with endometriosis. Tensin 1 (TNS1), which has been implicated in cell migration, may play a role in endometriosis. The study goal was to evaluate the TNS1 expression in endometrial tissue and serum from women with endometriosis treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa). MATERIAL AND METHODS Tissue and serum samples were collected from women with endometriosis who were treated (n = 29) with GnRHa or untreated (n = 30). TNS1 mRNA was examined using quantitative PCR. TNS1 protein levels in tissue and serum samples were investigated using Western blot, immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Eleven women with endometriosis participated in a follow-up investigation of serum TNS1 before and after GnRHa treatment. RESULTS TNS1 mRNA (P = 0.006) and protein (P = 0.001) were significantly downregulated in endometriotic tissue from women with endometriosis who received GnRHa. Immunolocalization of TNS1 showed strong expression in the epithelial and stromal cells of endometriotic tissue from women untreated with GnRHa, whereas endometriotic tissue from GnRHa-treated women showed low TNS1 expression. Follow-up monitoring of serum TNS1 concentration in 11 women showed an average decrease in concentration of 53%, from 294.9 ± 66.69 to 140.3 ± 55.21 pg/mL, following GnRHa treatment (P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS GnRHa induces downregulation of TNS1 in tissue and serum in women with endometriosis. These results emphasize the importance TNS1 as a potential therapeutic molecular target for the treatment of endometriosis with GnRHa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endah Rahmawati
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Wei-Chung V Yang
- The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ping Lei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pawan K Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, India.,Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chii-Ruey Tzeng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen HW, Chen YY, Bao ZL. [Efficacy and safety of specific sublingual immunotherapy in children with allergic asthma and rhinitis]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 31:223-226. [PMID: 29871228 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of specific sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with Dermatophagoides farina drops in different courses with allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis.Method:This study retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of SLIT in 158 children with allergic asthma and rhinitis which induced by house dust mites. The children were treated with Dermatophagoides farina drops; clinical observation and follow-up study were conducted. According to the treatment duration, children were divided into 4 groups (1-year, 2-year, 3-year, and 4-year). Symptom scores and medication scores were recorded at each visit. Asthma symptom scores (day and night), the rhinitis symptom scoresand medication scores were evaluated in 4 groups before and after SLIT. The adverse events during the treatment were collected.Result:There were significant differences in asthma symptom scores (day, night), asthma medication scores, rhinitis symptom scores, rhinitis medication scores among children who accepted 1-year, 2-year, 3-year and 4-year SLI treatment as compared with baseline (P< 0.01). As compared with 1-year, 2-year, 3-year groups, the asthma medication scores of 4-year group had obviously decrease (P< 0.05). Rhinitis medication score of SLIT3 years group was significantly lower than 2 years group (P< 0.05). Asthma symptom scores in the day, asthma symptom scores at night, rhinitis symptom scores of four groups children had no statistically significant difference (P>0.05).Conclusion:Different courses of sublingual immunotherapy with Dermatophagoides farina drops had significant effects; the 4-year course of treatment showed the best effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Chen
- Nanning City Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530011, China
| | - Y Y Chen
- Nanning City Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530011, China
| | - Z L Bao
- Nanning City Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530011, China
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Yu JT, Chen HW, Xue X. P4806Difference of efficacy and safety of left atrial appendage closure using watchman between patients aged less than 75 to more than 75 years. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p4806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J T Yu
- Helmut-G.-Walther Klinikum, Cardiology, Lichtenfels, Germany
| | - H W Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Cardiology, Hefei, China People's Republic of
| | - X Xue
- the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Cardiology Department, Changchun, China People's Republic of
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Chen HW, Zhou W, Liao Y, Hu SC, Chen TL, Song ZC. Analysis of metabolic profiles of generalized aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2018; 53:894-901. [PMID: 29974463 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The specific pathogenesis of generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) has not yet been clarified, and few studies have focused on the association between GAgP and metabolomics. To elucidate the roles of metabolic profiles in the status of GAgP, this study aimed to identify the differential metabolic profiles between patients with GAgP and healthy controls using an untargeted metabolomic profiling method. MATERIAL AND METHODS Serum and gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from healthy controls (n = 20) and patients with GAgP (n = 20) in this cross-sectional study. The relative levels of biomarkers in the samples were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Principal components analysis and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis were used for statistical analysis. Metabolites were analysed qualitatively using the FiehnLib and NIST databases. Full-mouth probing depth and clinical attachment loss were recorded as indexes of periodontal disease. RESULTS A total of 349 metabolites were qualitatively detected in the gingival crevicular fluid samples, and 200 metabolites were detected in the serum samples. Compared with healthy controls, patients with GAgP showed significant increases in serum urea and allo-inositol levels. In contrast, glutathione, 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, adipic acid and 2-deoxyguanosine levels were decreased in patients with GAgP. In the gingival crevicular fluid samples, noradrenaline, uridine, α-tocopherol, dehydroascorbic acid, xanthine, galactose, glucose-1-phosphate and ribulose-5-phosphate levels were increased in patients with GAgP, while thymidine, glutathione and ribose-5-phosphate levels were decreased. CONCLUSION The metabolomics analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is an effective and minimally non-invasive way to differentiate the metabolites characteristic of patients with GAgP. Both serum and gingival crevicular fluid metabolomics are significantly different between patients with GAgP and healthy controls. These metabolic profiles have great potential in detecting GAgP and helping to understand its underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - W Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Liao
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - S C Hu
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - T L Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Z C Song
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Loong SK, Khor CS, Chen HW, Chao CC, Ling ISC, Abdul Rahim NF, Hassan HS, Nellis S, Ching WM, AbuBakar S. Serological evidence of high Leptospira exposure among indigenous people (Orang Asli) in Peninsular Malaysia using a recombinant antigen-based ELISA. Trop Biomed 2018; 35:1-9. [PMID: 33601771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The lifestyles of the indigenous people (Orang Asli) of Peninsular Malaysia who traditionally live close to the forest, put them at higher risk of exposure to zoonotic diseases. Leptospirosis has recently emerged as one of the most important diseases of public health concern. Here, we aimed to obtain a baseline data on the level of Leptospira exposure among the 107 Orang Asli volunteers using a recombinant antigen-based ELISA, previously shown to have sensitivity of ~90.0% in comparison to the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Among the Orang Asli volunteers in this study, 60.7% had IgM against Leptospira and 57.9% were antiLeptospira IgG positive. Of these seropositive individuals, 29.9% had both anti-Leptospira IgM and IgG antibodies. Age was found to be a significant predictor for exposure to Leptospira (P < 0.05) with the younger Orang Asli population more likely to be tested positive for antiLeptospira IgM. The finding of high Leptospira exposure among the Orang Asli volunteers could be due to their socio-economic practices and dependency on the forest for their livelihood. The rapid and sensitive recombinant antigen-based ELISA used in the study, could possibly complement MAT for the epidemiological surveillance of leptospirosis, especially among the underserved populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Loong
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C S Khor
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, United States of America
| | - H W Chen
- Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States of America
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, United States of America
| | - C C Chao
- Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States of America
| | - I S C Ling
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N F Abdul Rahim
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H S Hassan
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Nellis
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - W M Ching
- Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States of America
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, United States of America
| | - S AbuBakar
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Huang YH, Chen CM, Lee YS, Chang KH, Chen HW, Chen YC. Detection of mitochondrial DNA with 4977 bp deletion in leukocytes of patients with ischemic stroke. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193175. [PMID: 29474453 PMCID: PMC5825052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease is associated with a common mitochondrial DNA alteration, a 4977 bp deletion (mtDNA4977). The role of mtDNA4977 in ischemic stroke is unknown. METHODS Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to quantify total mtDNA and mtDNA4977 in leukocytes in 283 ischemic stroke cases and 135 controls. Ratios of mtDNA4977 to total-mtDNA and total-mtDNA to nuclear-DNA were calculated. Nested PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to confirm undetectable levels of mtDNA4977. RESULTS For 191 patients and 74 control subjects in the male group and 92 patients and 61 control subjects in the female group, there were no significant between-group differences in age, cholesterol level, body mass index, stroke severity, or 4977 deletion. After adjusting for confounding factors, there was no correlation between mtDNA4977 amount and infarction risk, recurrent stroke, or stroke severity. However, mtDNA4977 was undetected in 6.94% subjects, and these individuals had a higher prevalence of stroke than those with detectable mtDNA4977 (OR: 0.181, 95% CI 0.041-0.798, p = 0.024). Additionally, mtDNA4977 status had no effect on stroke prognosis, including stroke severity and recurrent stroke. CONCLUSION In conclusion, there was no apparent association between mtDNA4977 deletion and cerebral infarction. Undetectable mtDNA4977 may be a marker or risk factor for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-hua Huang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Mei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Shien Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Huang YH, Hsu KH, Tseng JS, Chen KC, Hsu CH, Su KY, Chen JJW, Chen HW, Yu SL, Yang TY, Chang GC. The Association of Acquired T790M Mutation with Clinical Characteristics after Resistance to First-Line Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res Treat 2018; 50:1294-1303. [PMID: 29334606 PMCID: PMC6192936 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2017.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship among the clinical characteristics and the frequency of T790M mutation in advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‒mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients with acquired resistance after firstline EGFR‒tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. Materials and Methods We enrolled EGFR-mutant stage IIIB-IV lung adenocarcinoma patients, who had progressed to prior EGFR-TKI therapy, and evaluated their rebiopsy EGFR mutation status. Results A total of 205 patients were enrolled for analysis. The overall T790M mutation rate of rebiopsy was 46.3%. The T790M mutation rates among patients with exon 19 deletion mutation, exon 21 L858R point mutation, and other mutations were 55.0%, 37.3%, and 27.3%, respectively. Baseline exon 19 deletion was associated with a significantly higher frequency of T790M mutation (adjusted odds ratio, 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20 to 3.83; p=0.010). In the exon 19 deletion subgroup, there was a greater prevalence of T790M mutation than other exon 19 deletion subtypes in patients with the Del E746-A750 mutation (61.6% vs. 40.6%; odds ratio, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.01 to 5.49; p=0.049). The progression-free survival (PFS) of first-line TKI treatment > 11 months was also associated with a higher T790M mutation rate (54.1% vs. 39.3%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.02 to 3.25; p=0.044). Patients who underwent rebiopsy at metastatic sites had more chance to harbor T790M mutation (52.6% vs. 33.8%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.06 to 3.67; p=0.032). Conclusion PFS of first-line EGFR-TKI, rebiopsy site, EGFR exon 19 deletion and its subtype Del E746-A750 mutation are associated with the frequency of T790M mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hsiang Huang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Hsu
- Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Sen Tseng
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Chieh Chen
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Hsu
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Yi Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeremy J W Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lai YH, Lin SY, Wu YS, Chen HW, Chen JJW. AC-93253 iodide, a novel Src inhibitor, suppresses NSCLC progression by modulating multiple Src-related signaling pathways. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:172. [PMID: 29132432 PMCID: PMC5683468 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0539-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The tyrosine kinase Src is involved in the progression of many cancers. Moreover, inhibiting Src activity has been shown to obstruct several signaling pathways regulated by the EGFR. Thus, Src is a valuable target molecule in drug development. The purpose of this study was to identify compounds that directly or indirectly modulate Src to suppress lung cancer cell growth and motility and to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of these compounds. Methods Human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines (PC9, PC9/gef, A549, and H1975) with different EGFR statuses were tested by cytotoxicity and proliferation assays after AC-93253 iodide treatment. Src and Src-related protein expression in AC-93253 iodide-treated PC9, PC9/gef, and A549 cells were assessed by western blotting. The effects of AC-93253 iodide on cancer cell colony formation, invasion, and migration were assessed in PC9 and PC9/gef cells. The synergistic effects of gefitinib and AC-93253 iodide were evaluated by combination index (CI)-isobologram analysis in gefitinib-resistant cell lines. The efficacy of AC-93253 iodide in vivo was determined using nude mice treated with either the compound or the vehicle. Results Among the compounds, AC-93253 iodide exhibited the most potent dose-independent inhibitory effects on the activity of Src as well as on that of the Src-related proteins EGFR, STAT3, and FAK. Furthermore, AC-93253 iodide significantly suppressed cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion, and migration in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. AC-93253 iodide sensitized tumor cells to gefitinib treatment regardless of whether the cells were gefitinib-sensitive (PC9) or resistant (H1975 and PC9/gef), indicating that it may exert synergistic effects when used in combination with established therapeutic agents. Our findings also suggested that the inhibitory effects of AC-93253 iodide on lung cancer progression may be attributable to its ability to modulate multiple proteins, including Src, PI3K, JNK, Paxillin, p130cas, MEK, ERK, and EGFR. Conclusions Our data suggest that AC-93253 iodide inhibits NSCLC cell growth and motility by regulating multiple Src-related pathways. Our findings may facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies and anti-tumor drugs that may be useful for treating lung cancer in the future. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13045-017-0539-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hua Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Sih-Yin Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Shan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeremy J W Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan.
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Ma YY, Chen HW, Tzeng CR. Low oxygen tension increases mitochondrial membrane potential and enhances expression of antioxidant genes and implantation protein of mouse blastocyst cultured in vitro. J Ovarian Res 2017; 10:47. [PMID: 28728562 PMCID: PMC5520294 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-017-0344-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In human IVF, embryos cultured with a lower O2 tension (5%) can give rise to higher success rates when compared with normoxic conditions (20%). However, the mechanisms behind the beneficial effects of reduced oxygen tension in embryogenesis remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of oxygen related and antioxidant genes and mitochondrial function in mouse embryo cultured under hypoxic and normoxic conditions, to investigate the beneficial effect of low oxygen tension in preimplantation embryogenesis. METHODS Two-cell ICR mouse embryos were cultured to blastocysts under different oxygen tension (3% and 20%). The gene expression of oxygen-related proteins (hypoxia-inducible factor, HIF), HIF targets (vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF; glucose transporter 3, GLUT-3) and antioxidants (manganese superoxide dismutase, MnSOD; peroxiredoxin 5, PRDX5) were assessed using quantitative RT-PCR and implantation-related protein (Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor, LIFR) was validated by immunofluorescence. Apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MtMP) and ROS levels were measured by TUNEL, JC-1 and DCFDA assays, respectively. RESULTS Blastocyst development rate (92.3% vs. 79.4%) and hatch rate (80% vs. 70.4%) were both higher in embryos cultured in 3% O2 than in 20% O2. The transcription levels of MnSOD, PRDX5, VEGF and GLUT-3 also significantly increased in 3% O2 compared with 20% O2 (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence showed that the intensity of staining for HIF-2α, MnSOD and LIFR were higher in 3% O2. Blastocysts cultured under 3% O2 exhibited significantly higher MtMP compared with 20% O2. ROS and Apoptosis levels were significantly higher in the 20% O2 group than in the 3% O2 group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Low O2 tension may improve embryo viability by increasing expression of antioxidant enzymes and glucose transporter activities. It provides an environment conducive to viability by upregulation of LIFR/VEGF and increased MtMP which could enhance implantation potential and reduce apoptosis in mouse blastocyst. These effects may be initiated and regulated by HIF-2α, a key mediator in a hypoxic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yi Ma
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Wuxing Street 252, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chii-Ruey Tzeng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Wuxing Street 252, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Lai YH, Huang WT, Lin SY, Huang YT, Chen YL, Chen HY, Chen HW, Chen JJ. Abstract 4452: Study of the mechanisms of emetine dihydrochloride on inhibiting NSCLC tumor progression and attenuating EGFR signaling pathway. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-4452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane receptor protein and can mediate the cellular biological responses including regulation of cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration and survival. More than 60 % of non-small cell Lung cancers (NSCLCs) express relatively high level of EGFR. Therefore, EGFR has become an important therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC. However, almost all NSCLC patients ultimately develop drug resistance to targeted therapy agents. The most common secondary mutation is found to harbor EGFR mutation in T790M, which is acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs. In order to overcome the resistance of T790M mutation in lung cancer, we used EGFR pY1068 ELISA as drug-screening platform to screen the candidate compounds with the capacity to suppress EGFR activity from the compound library of more than 300 plant active ingredients. Among the compounds identified, the emetine could most significantly restrain EGFR pY1068 activity and reduce cancer cell viability. Moreover, the Western blotting results showed that emetine treatment can repress EGFR phosphorylation and expression in a dose-dependent manner as well as inhibit its downstream substrates including PI3K, STAT3 and Src in three different Iressa-resistant cell lines. In addition, emetine also could inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and clonogenicity in vitro and xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, our data suggest that emetine might be a novel inhibitory modulator of EGFR activity and might be through suppressing the phosphorylation and expression of PI3K, STAT3, and Src to inhibit lung cancer progression. These findings will help us to develop the anti-cancer drugs for lung cancer in the future.
Citation Format: Yi-Hua Lai, Wan-Ting Huang, Sheng-Yi Lin, Yao-Ting Huang, Yuh-Ling Chen, Hsuan-Yu Chen, Huei-Wen Chen, Jeremy J.W. Chen. Study of the mechanisms of emetine dihydrochloride on inhibiting NSCLC tumor progression and attenuating EGFR signaling pathway [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4452. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-4452
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hua Lai
- 1Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ting Huang
- 1Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yi Lin
- 1Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ting Huang
- 2Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-yi, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Ling Chen
- 3Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- 4Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- 5Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeremy J.W. Chen
- 1Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lee PJ, Chen WJ, Ho CC, Yang PC, Chen HW. Abstract 133: Aloe-emodin as a potential lead targets lung cancer stem cells. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been proposed to be responsible for tumor initiating, drug resistance, metastasis, and recurrence. Many novel therapeutic strategies have been designed to target and eliminate CSCs. According to our previous study, we have established a model of CSCs and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) co-culture system for anti-CSCs drug screening. Here, we report one of the potential hits screened via this platform and the anti-CSCs activity was further investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Human lung CSCs and CAFs were primary cultured from patient with lung adenocarcinoma according to our previous study. Image-based high content screening system was used to analyze different parameters after drug treatment. Tumorogenicity and self-renew ability are examined by sphere forming ability. Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity was used to analyze stem cell population by flow cytometry. The expression level of stemness-related genes, Nanog, Oct3/4 and Sox2 were validated by real-time reverse transcriptase Q-PCR. The efficacy of the lead on tumor growth was examined by the xenograft model. Lung cancer stemness markers of the xenograft tumor tissues were also evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Using the image-based high content screening system to screen over one thousands of compounds, we have identified aloe-emodin (AE) shows higher potency targeting on lung cancer stem cells (under the concentration of 1 μM) and high specificity targeting on the cancer cell lines (IC50 < 20 μM); compared to normal human bronchial epithelium cells and human normal fibroblast represented by IC50 (26.77 μM v.s. 39.13 μM). The level of stemness markers, Nanog, Sox2 and Oct3/4 were significantly down regulated after AE treatment compared to cisplatin treatment. AE could suppress tumor initiating abilities and self-renew capacities represented by the ability to grow as tumors spheres in CL152 ALDH+ cells. Besides, AE could inhibit ALDH population in CL152 cells (40% reduced). Also, the AE can inhibit the cisplatin-induced ALDH population as well. Furthermore, we found that AE combine with cisplatin could inhibit tumor growth as comparing to cisplatin treatment in subcutaneous models in NOD/SCID mice, whereas, AE can inhibit the level of Nanog in mice tumor tissues. According to these results, AE is a potential lead targeting on lung cancer stem cells. To discover the pharmacological mechanism of AE on cancer stem cells will be helpful to develop new strategy for lung cancer therapy.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting.
Citation Format: Pei-Jung Lee, Wan-Jiun Chen, Chao-Chi Ho, Pan-Chyr Yang, Huei-Wen Chen. Aloe-emodin as a potential lead targets lung cancer stem cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 133. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-133
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Jung Lee
- 1Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Jiun Chen
- 2Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chi Ho
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- 4Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chao CT, Liu YP, Su SF, Yeh HY, Chen HY, Lee PJ, Chen WJ, Lee YM, Huang JW, Chiang CK, Hung KY, Chen HW. Circulating MicroRNA-125b Predicts the Presence and Progression of Uremic Vascular Calcification. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1402-1414. [PMID: 28522697 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular calcification (VC) is a major cause of mortality in patients with end-stage renal diseases. Biomarkers to predict the progression of VC early are in urgent demand. APPROACH AND RESULTS We identified circulating, cell-free microRNAs as potential biomarkers using in vitro VC models in which both rat and human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells were treated with high levels of phosphate to mimic uremic hyperphosphatemia. Using an Affymetrix microRNA array, we found that miR-125b and miR-382 expression levels declined significantly as biomineralization progressed, but this decline was only observed for miR-125b in the culture medium. A time-dependent decrease in aortic tissue and serum miR-125b levels was also found in both ex vivo and in vivo renal failure models. We examined the levels of circulating, cell-free miR-125b in sera from patients with end-stage renal diseases (n=88) and found an inverse association between the severity of VC and the circulating miR-125b level, irrespective of age or mineral-related hormones (odds ratio, 0.71; P=0.03). Furthermore, serum miR-125b levels on enrollment can predict VC progression years later (for high versus low, odds ratio, 0.14; P<0.01; for the highest versus lowest tertile and middle versus lowest tertile, odds ratio, 0.55 and 0.13; P=0.3 and <0.01, respectively). The uremic VC prediction efficacy using circulating miR-125b levels was also observed in an independent cohort (n=135). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that serum miR-125b levels are associated with VC severity and serve as a novel predictive marker for the risk of uremia-associated calcification progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ter Chao
- From the Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City (C.-T.C.); Graduate Institute of Toxicology (C.-T.C., Y.-P.L., P.-J.L., W.-J.C., Y.-M.L., C.-K.C., H.-W.C.), and Graduate Institute of Oncology (P.-J.L., W.-J.C.), College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-P.L., S.-F.S., H.-Y.C., P.-J.L., W.-J.C.); School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-Y.Y.); Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (C.-T.C., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.) and Department of Integrative Diagnostics and Therapeutics (C.-K.C.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu branch, Hsin-Chu County (K.-Y.H.)
| | - You-Pi Liu
- From the Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City (C.-T.C.); Graduate Institute of Toxicology (C.-T.C., Y.-P.L., P.-J.L., W.-J.C., Y.-M.L., C.-K.C., H.-W.C.), and Graduate Institute of Oncology (P.-J.L., W.-J.C.), College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-P.L., S.-F.S., H.-Y.C., P.-J.L., W.-J.C.); School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-Y.Y.); Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (C.-T.C., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.) and Department of Integrative Diagnostics and Therapeutics (C.-K.C.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu branch, Hsin-Chu County (K.-Y.H.)
| | - Sheng-Fang Su
- From the Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City (C.-T.C.); Graduate Institute of Toxicology (C.-T.C., Y.-P.L., P.-J.L., W.-J.C., Y.-M.L., C.-K.C., H.-W.C.), and Graduate Institute of Oncology (P.-J.L., W.-J.C.), College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-P.L., S.-F.S., H.-Y.C., P.-J.L., W.-J.C.); School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-Y.Y.); Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (C.-T.C., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.) and Department of Integrative Diagnostics and Therapeutics (C.-K.C.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu branch, Hsin-Chu County (K.-Y.H.)
| | - Hsiang-Yuan Yeh
- From the Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City (C.-T.C.); Graduate Institute of Toxicology (C.-T.C., Y.-P.L., P.-J.L., W.-J.C., Y.-M.L., C.-K.C., H.-W.C.), and Graduate Institute of Oncology (P.-J.L., W.-J.C.), College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-P.L., S.-F.S., H.-Y.C., P.-J.L., W.-J.C.); School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-Y.Y.); Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (C.-T.C., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.) and Department of Integrative Diagnostics and Therapeutics (C.-K.C.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu branch, Hsin-Chu County (K.-Y.H.)
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- From the Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City (C.-T.C.); Graduate Institute of Toxicology (C.-T.C., Y.-P.L., P.-J.L., W.-J.C., Y.-M.L., C.-K.C., H.-W.C.), and Graduate Institute of Oncology (P.-J.L., W.-J.C.), College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-P.L., S.-F.S., H.-Y.C., P.-J.L., W.-J.C.); School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-Y.Y.); Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (C.-T.C., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.) and Department of Integrative Diagnostics and Therapeutics (C.-K.C.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu branch, Hsin-Chu County (K.-Y.H.)
| | - Pei-Jung Lee
- From the Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City (C.-T.C.); Graduate Institute of Toxicology (C.-T.C., Y.-P.L., P.-J.L., W.-J.C., Y.-M.L., C.-K.C., H.-W.C.), and Graduate Institute of Oncology (P.-J.L., W.-J.C.), College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-P.L., S.-F.S., H.-Y.C., P.-J.L., W.-J.C.); School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-Y.Y.); Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (C.-T.C., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.) and Department of Integrative Diagnostics and Therapeutics (C.-K.C.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu branch, Hsin-Chu County (K.-Y.H.)
| | - Wan-Jiun Chen
- From the Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City (C.-T.C.); Graduate Institute of Toxicology (C.-T.C., Y.-P.L., P.-J.L., W.-J.C., Y.-M.L., C.-K.C., H.-W.C.), and Graduate Institute of Oncology (P.-J.L., W.-J.C.), College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-P.L., S.-F.S., H.-Y.C., P.-J.L., W.-J.C.); School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-Y.Y.); Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (C.-T.C., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.) and Department of Integrative Diagnostics and Therapeutics (C.-K.C.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu branch, Hsin-Chu County (K.-Y.H.)
| | - Yee-Ming Lee
- From the Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City (C.-T.C.); Graduate Institute of Toxicology (C.-T.C., Y.-P.L., P.-J.L., W.-J.C., Y.-M.L., C.-K.C., H.-W.C.), and Graduate Institute of Oncology (P.-J.L., W.-J.C.), College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-P.L., S.-F.S., H.-Y.C., P.-J.L., W.-J.C.); School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-Y.Y.); Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (C.-T.C., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.) and Department of Integrative Diagnostics and Therapeutics (C.-K.C.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu branch, Hsin-Chu County (K.-Y.H.)
| | - Jenq-Wen Huang
- From the Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City (C.-T.C.); Graduate Institute of Toxicology (C.-T.C., Y.-P.L., P.-J.L., W.-J.C., Y.-M.L., C.-K.C., H.-W.C.), and Graduate Institute of Oncology (P.-J.L., W.-J.C.), College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-P.L., S.-F.S., H.-Y.C., P.-J.L., W.-J.C.); School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-Y.Y.); Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (C.-T.C., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.) and Department of Integrative Diagnostics and Therapeutics (C.-K.C.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu branch, Hsin-Chu County (K.-Y.H.)
| | - Chih-Kang Chiang
- From the Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City (C.-T.C.); Graduate Institute of Toxicology (C.-T.C., Y.-P.L., P.-J.L., W.-J.C., Y.-M.L., C.-K.C., H.-W.C.), and Graduate Institute of Oncology (P.-J.L., W.-J.C.), College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-P.L., S.-F.S., H.-Y.C., P.-J.L., W.-J.C.); School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-Y.Y.); Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (C.-T.C., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.) and Department of Integrative Diagnostics and Therapeutics (C.-K.C.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu branch, Hsin-Chu County (K.-Y.H.)
| | - Kuan-Yu Hung
- From the Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City (C.-T.C.); Graduate Institute of Toxicology (C.-T.C., Y.-P.L., P.-J.L., W.-J.C., Y.-M.L., C.-K.C., H.-W.C.), and Graduate Institute of Oncology (P.-J.L., W.-J.C.), College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-P.L., S.-F.S., H.-Y.C., P.-J.L., W.-J.C.); School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-Y.Y.); Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (C.-T.C., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.) and Department of Integrative Diagnostics and Therapeutics (C.-K.C.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu branch, Hsin-Chu County (K.-Y.H.)
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- From the Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City (C.-T.C.); Graduate Institute of Toxicology (C.-T.C., Y.-P.L., P.-J.L., W.-J.C., Y.-M.L., C.-K.C., H.-W.C.), and Graduate Institute of Oncology (P.-J.L., W.-J.C.), College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-P.L., S.-F.S., H.-Y.C., P.-J.L., W.-J.C.); School of Big Data Management, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-Y.Y.); Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (C.-T.C., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.) and Department of Integrative Diagnostics and Therapeutics (C.-K.C.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu branch, Hsin-Chu County (K.-Y.H.).
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Cheng HW, Chen YF, Wong JM, Weng CW, Chen HY, Yu SL, Chen HW, Yuan A, Chen JJW. Cancer cells increase endothelial cell tube formation and survival by activating the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2017; 36:27. [PMID: 28173828 PMCID: PMC5296960 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0495-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer and plays a critical role in lung cancer progression, which involves interactions between cancer cells, endothelial cells and the surrounding microenvironment. However, the gene expression profiles and the changes in the biological phenotype of vascular endothelial cells after interactions with lung cancer cells remain unclear. Methods An indirect transwell co-culture system was used to survey the interaction between human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human lung adenocarcinoma CL1-5 cells, as well as to investigate the morphological and molecular changes of HUVECs. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HUVECs after co-culture with cancer cells were identified by microarray. Moreover, a publicly available microarray dataset of 293 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients was employed to evaluate the prognostic power of the gene signatures derived from HUVECs. Results The interaction between HUVECs and lung cancer cells changes the morphology of HUVECs, causing them to have a mesenchymal-like morphology and alter their cytoskeleton organization. Furthermore, after co-culture with lung cancer cells, HUVECs showed increased cell motility and microvessel tube formation ability and a decreased apoptotic percentage. Transcriptomic profiling of HUVECs revealed that many survival-, apoptosis- and angiogenesis-related genes were differentially expressed after interactions with lung cancer cells. Further investigations showed that the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway and COX-2 are involved in endothelial tube formation under the stimulation of lung cancer cells. Moreover, Rac-1 activation might promote endothelial cell motility through the increased formation of lamellipodia and filopodia. The inhibitors of PI3K and COX-2 could reverse the increased tube formation and induce the apoptosis of HUVECs. In addition, the gene signatures derived from the DEGs in HUVECs could predict overall survival and disease-free survival in NSCLC patients and serve as an independent prognostic factor. Conclusions In this study, we found that cancer cells can promote endothelial cell tube formation and survival, at least in part, through the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway and thus change the microenvironment to benefit tumour growth. The gene signatures from HUVECs are associated with the clinical outcome of NSCLC patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-017-0495-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Wei Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Min Wong
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Weng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ang Yuan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jeremy J W Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Su SF, Chen HY, Chen J, Chen HW. P3.01-062 Profiling DNA Methylation and Gene Expression on Cancer Stemness Reprogramming in Lung Adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.11.1628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ma X, Zhao YF, Tian WJ, Qian Z, Chen HW, Wu YY, Liu XF. A novel Al matrix composite reinforced by nano-AlN p network. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34919. [PMID: 27721417 PMCID: PMC5056514 DOI: 10.1038/srep34919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In pursuit of lightweighting of automobiles and low emission of transportation, the efforts to develop high-strength, heat-resistant and fatigue-resistant Al alloys and/or composites have been ongoing. Here we report a novel Al matrix composite with ultrahigh strength reinforced by a three dimensional network of nano-AlN particles for the first time. The in-situ synthesized AlN particles are connected by twinning bonding chains and built up a three dimensional network strengthening Al matrix enormously like the skeleton to human body. The composite containing 16.4wt.% AlN particles shows excellent properties: the ultimate tensile strengths can be up to 518MPa at room temperature and 190MPa at 350 °C. This peculiar performance results from the novel spatial distribution of nano-scale AlN particles. Our findings in this work would help to develop a potential candidate for high-performance heat resistance light-metal based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Ma
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution &Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Y F Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution &Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - W J Tian
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution &Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Z Qian
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution &Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - H W Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Y Y Wu
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution &Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - X F Liu
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution &Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
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Kong XY, Ma LK, Chen HW. [Post percutaneous coronary intervention follow-up result in a patient with hemophilia A and acute coronary syndrome]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2016; 44:628-629. [PMID: 27530950 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Gu SY, Ho CC, Huang YK, Chen HW, Wang YC, Kuo CY, Teng SC, Fu WM, Yang PC, Wu CW, Peng FC, Ling TY. Acquisition of tumorigenic potential and enhancement of angiogenesis in pulmonary stem/progenitor cells through Oct-4 hyperexpression. Oncotarget 2016; 7:13917-31. [PMID: 26871601 PMCID: PMC4924688 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells, also known as cancer initiating cells (CICs), are considered to be responsible for tumor growth and chemoresistance. Different hypotheses have been proposed to explain the origin of CICs, including mutations in adult stem/progenitor cells or the acquisition of stem-like characteristics in differentiated cells; however, studies have yielded conflicting identification for CICs and have little information for the origin to generate CICs. Part of the difficulty in identifying CICs may stem from the fact that the CICs studied have been largely derived from cancer cell lines or well-developed tumors. In previous studies, we have reported the enrichment of mouse pulmonary stem/progenitor cells (mPSCs) by using serum-free primary selection culture followed by FACS isolation using the coxsackievirus/adenovirus receptor (CAR) as the positive selection marker. Here, we demonstrated that overexpression of the pluripotent transcription factor Oct-4 is sufficient to induce CAR+/mPSCs transformation, which we name CAR+/mPSCsOct-4_hi. These transformed cells possess cancer initiating and chemoresistance potential, as well as exhibiting remarkable expression of certain proangiogenic factors, including angiopoietins (ANGs) and VEGF, and enhanced angiogenic potential. Moreover, CAR+/mPSCsOct-4_hi actively participated in tumor blood vessel formation and triggered a novel angiogenic mechanism, the angiopoietins/Tie2 signaling pathway. These study provide critical evidence supporting the possible origin to generate CICs, and help elucidate the pathways responsible for CICs-mediated blood vessel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sing-Yi Gu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Choa-Chi Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Kuo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Teng
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Mei Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wen Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chuo Peng
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thai-Yen Ling
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Huang YH, Hsu KH, Tseng JS, Chen KC, Su KY, Chen HY, Chang CS, Chen JJW, Yu SL, Chen HW, Yang TY, Chang GC. Predilection of contralateral upper lung metastasis in upper lobe lung adenocarcinoma patients. J Thorac Dis 2016; 8:86-92. [PMID: 26904216 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2016.01.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer with lung to lung metastasis is common. The objective of this study was to investigate the association among the distribution of contralateral lung metastases versus primary lung tumor location, clinical characteristics, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations status. METHODS The study included treatment-naïve stage IV lung adenocarcinoma with contralateral lung metastases from 2012 through 2013. RESULTS In total, 103 patients were enrolled after excluding lung cancer with histology other than adenocarcinoma, synchronous multiple primary lung cancers, or other active malignancy. The median age was 65 years (range, 28-93 years); 47 male patients (45.6%); 69 non-smoker (NS) patients (67.0%); 68 Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) 0-1 patients (66.0%); 38 M1a patients (38.9%); and 60 EGFR mutation patients (58.3%). There were 51 cases (49.5%) with primary lung cancer located over upper lobes. Among them, 36 (70.6%) had contralateral upper lung predominance metastasis, 9 (17.6%) had lower lung predominance, and 6 (11.8%) had equal distribution. Among the 52 lower lobe tumors, 17 (32.7%), 19 (36.5%), and 16 (30.8%) had upper, lower lung predominance, and equal distribution metastasis, respectively. Univariate analysis showed only male gender and primary tumor location over upper lobes were significantly associated with contralateral upper lung predominance metastases. After multivariate analysis, only primary tumor location over upper lobes was significantly associated with contralateral upper lung predominance metastases (adjusted OR 5.49, 95% CI, 2.15-14.03, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Upper lobe lung adenocarcinoma was significantly associated with contralateral upper lung predominance metastases. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hsiang Huang
- 1 Division of Chest Medicine, 2 Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; 3 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ; 4 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ; 6 Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ; 7 NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ; 8 Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, 9 Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 10 Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 11 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 12 Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Hsu
- 1 Division of Chest Medicine, 2 Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; 3 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ; 4 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ; 6 Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ; 7 NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ; 8 Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, 9 Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 10 Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 11 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 12 Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Sen Tseng
- 1 Division of Chest Medicine, 2 Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; 3 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ; 4 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ; 6 Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ; 7 NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ; 8 Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, 9 Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 10 Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 11 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 12 Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Chieh Chen
- 1 Division of Chest Medicine, 2 Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; 3 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ; 4 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ; 6 Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ; 7 NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ; 8 Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, 9 Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 10 Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 11 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 12 Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Yi Su
- 1 Division of Chest Medicine, 2 Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; 3 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ; 4 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ; 6 Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ; 7 NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ; 8 Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, 9 Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 10 Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 11 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 12 Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- 1 Division of Chest Medicine, 2 Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; 3 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ; 4 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ; 6 Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ; 7 NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ; 8 Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, 9 Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 10 Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 11 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 12 Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Sheng Chang
- 1 Division of Chest Medicine, 2 Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; 3 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ; 4 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ; 6 Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ; 7 NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ; 8 Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, 9 Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 10 Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 11 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 12 Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeremy J W Chen
- 1 Division of Chest Medicine, 2 Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; 3 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ; 4 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ; 6 Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ; 7 NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ; 8 Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, 9 Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 10 Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 11 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 12 Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- 1 Division of Chest Medicine, 2 Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; 3 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ; 4 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ; 6 Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ; 7 NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ; 8 Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, 9 Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 10 Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 11 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 12 Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- 1 Division of Chest Medicine, 2 Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; 3 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ; 4 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ; 6 Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ; 7 NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ; 8 Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, 9 Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 10 Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 11 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 12 Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- 1 Division of Chest Medicine, 2 Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; 3 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ; 4 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ; 6 Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ; 7 NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ; 8 Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, 9 Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 10 Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 11 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 12 Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- 1 Division of Chest Medicine, 2 Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; 3 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ; 4 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ; 6 Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ; 7 NTU Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan ; 8 Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, 9 Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 10 Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 11 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 12 Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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