1
|
Zhao T, Liu S, Ding X, Johnson EM, Hanna NH, Singh K, Sen CK, Wan J, Du H, Yan C. Lysosomal acid lipase, CSF1R, and PD-L1 determine functions of CD11c+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e156623. [PMID: 35917184 PMCID: PMC9536279 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.156623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is a key enzyme in the metabolic pathway of neutral lipids. In the blood of LAL-deficient (Lal-/-) mice, increased CD11c+ cells were accompanied by upregulated programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Single-cell RNA sequencing of Lal-/- CD11c+ cells identified 2 distinctive clusters with a major metabolic shift toward glucose utilization and reactive oxygen species overproduction. Pharmacologically blocking pyruvate dehydrogenase in glycolysis not only reduced CD11c+ cells and their PD-L1 expression but also reversed their capabilities of T cell suppression and tumor growth stimulation. Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) played an essential role in controlling Lal-/- CD11c+ cell homeostasis and function and PD-L1 expression. Pharmacological inhibition of LAL activity increased CD11c, PD-L1, and CSF1R levels in both normal murine myeloid cells and human blood cells. Tumor-bearing mice and human patients with non-small cell lung cancer also showed CD11c+ cell expansion with PD-L1 and CSF1R upregulation and immunosuppression. There were positive correlations among CD11c, PD-L1, and CSF1R expression and negative correlations with LAL expression in patients with lung cancer or melanoma using The Cancer Genome Atlas database and patient samples. Therefore, CD11c+ cells switched their functions to immune suppression and tumor growth stimulation through CSF1R/PD-L1 upregulation and metabolic reprogramming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | - Sheng Liu
- IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and
| | | | | | | | - Kanhaiya Singh
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Chandan K. Sen
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jun Wan
- IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, and
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Cong Yan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Melanoma-Derived Exosomal miR-125b-5p Educates Tumor Associated Macrophages (TAMs) by Targeting Lysosomal Acid Lipase A (LIPA). Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020464. [PMID: 32079286 PMCID: PMC7072270 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, promoting tumor initiation, growth, progression, metastasis, and immune evasion. Recently it was shown that cancer cell-derived exosomes induce a tumor-promoting phenotype in TAMs. Exosome-loaded proteins, DNA, and RNAs may contribute to the macrophage reprogramming. However, the exact mediators and mechanisms, particularly in melanoma, are not known. In this study we examined the effects of cutaneous melanoma-derived exosomes on macrophage function and the underlying mechanisms. First, we showed that exposure to melanoma exosomes induces a tumor-promoting TAM phenotype in macrophages. Sequencing revealed enrichment for several miRNAs including miR-125b-5p in cutaneous melanoma exosomes. We showed that miR-125b-5p is delivered to macrophages by melanoma exosomes and partially induces the observed tumor-promoting TAM phenotype. Finally, we showed that miR-125b-5p targets the lysosomal acid lipase A (LIPA) in macrophages, which in turn contributes to their phenotype switch and promotes macrophage survival. Thus, our data show for the first time that miR-125b-5p transferred by cutaneous melanoma-derived exosomes induces a tumor-promoting TAM phenotype in macrophages.
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Y, Xu B, Luan B, Zhang Y, Li Y, Xiong X, Shi H. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway interact through inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) in asthma. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:6170-6184. [PMID: 31632585 PMCID: PMC6789223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Down-regulation of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) has been shown to promote inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) expression and NO production. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of iNOS blocks MDSCs recruitment in immunological hepatic injury. As bronchial asthma is also an immune disease, whether mTOR could interact with MDSCs via iNOS and NO or not is unclear. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether mTOR could interact with MDSCs via iNOS and NO in asthma. METHODS Ovalbumin-induced asthma mouse model was established to perform our investigation, and asthmatic markers were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining. The levels of iNOS and NO in serum were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Mice lung tissues were stained with antibodies against phosphorylated (p)-mTOR, and p-p70S6K, and yellow/brown staining was considered as giving a positive signal, meanwhile, the protein levels of p-mTOR, and p-p70S6K were also detected using western blot assay. Mice iNOS activity was determined by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS Tumor-derived MDSCs in asthmatic mice were regulated by mTOR and iNOS. mTOR pathway activation in asthmatic mice was regulated by iNOS and tumor-derived MDSCs. NO production in asthmatic mice was regulated by mTOR and tumor-extracted MDSCs. Positive correlation of iNOS with mTOR pathway and serum MDSCs was observed. CONCLUSION The data indicated that rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTOR, blocked iNOS and NO production during asthma onset. Thus, our results revealed potential novel targets for asthma therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Boyi Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Bin Luan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Yanling Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaorong Xiong
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongke Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guerra F, Bucci C. Role of the RAB7 Protein in Tumor Progression and Cisplatin Chemoresistance. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081096. [PMID: 31374919 PMCID: PMC6721790 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RAB7 is a small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) extensively studied as regulator of vesicular trafficking. Indeed, its role is fundamental in several steps of the late endocytic pathway, including endosome maturation, transport from early endosomes to late endosomes and lysosomes, clustering and fusion of late endosomes and lysosomes in the perinuclear region and lysosomal biogenesis. Besides endocytosis, RAB7 is important for a number of other cellular processes among which, autophagy, apoptosis, signaling, and cell migration. Given the importance of RAB7 in these cellular processes, the interest to study the role of RAB7 in cancer progression is widely grown. Here, we describe the current understanding of oncogenic and oncosuppressor functions of RAB7 analyzing cellular context and other environmental factors in which it elicits pro and/or antitumorigenic effects. We also discuss the role of RAB7 in cisplatin resistance associated with its ability to regulate the late endosomal pathway, lysosomal biogenesis and extracellular vesicle secretion. Finally, we examined the potential cancer therapeutic strategies targeting the different molecular events in which RAB7 is involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flora Guerra
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Bucci
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ding X, Zhang W, Zhao T, Yan C, Du H. Rab7 GTPase controls lipid metabolic signaling in myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:30123-30137. [PMID: 28415797 PMCID: PMC5444731 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is a critical neutral lipid metabolic enzyme that regulates metabolic reprogramming in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) through over-activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Affymetrix GeneChip microarray analysis of MDSCs from LAL deficient mouse (lal−/−) revealed upregulation of Rab7 GTPase protein, which belongs to a superfamily of small-molecular-weight GTPase known to regulate intracellular membrane trafficking from early to late endosomes and lysosomes. Here, the physical protein-protein interaction between Rab7 GTPase and mTOR has been detected by co-immunoprecipitation in the cell extract of wild type HD1A and lal−/− MDSC-like HD1B myeloid cell lines. The GST pull down assay using the recombinant GST-Rab7 GTPase fusion protein showed that Rab7 GTPase interacts with the mTOR N-terminal heat repeat domain. Rab7 GTPase siRNA knocking down reversed the altered lysosome/mTOR distribution and expression levels in HD1B cells. Rab7 GTPase siRNA knocking down in isolated bone marrow lal−/− MDSCs or HD1B cells not only reduced over-activation of mTOR and its downstream effector S6, but also decreased glucose consumption, decreased ROS over-production, and increased healthy mitochondria by membrane potential measurement. Inhibition of Rab7 GTPase led to reduced lal−/− MDSCs differentiation from bone marrow Lin− progenitor cells, reduced lal−/− MDSCs trans-endothelial migration, and reversed lal−/− MDSCs suppression of T cell proliferation. Furthermore, inhibition of Rab7 GTPase reduced lal−/− MDSCs ability to stimulate tumor cell proliferation in vitro, tumor growth in vivo, and tumor invasion. Together, these results showed that Rab7 GTPase is critically involved in MDSCs homeostasis and pathogenic functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinchun Ding
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Cong Yan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhao T, Ding X, Yan C, Du H. Endothelial Rab7 GTPase mediates tumor growth and metastasis in lysosomal acid lipase-deficient mice. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:19198-19208. [PMID: 28924047 PMCID: PMC5702662 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.773093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors depend on their microenvironment for sustained growth, invasion, and metastasis. In this environment, endothelial cells (ECs) are an important stromal cell type interacting with malignant cells to facilitate tumor angiogenesis and cancer cell extravasation. Of note, lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) deficiency facilitates melanoma growth and metastasis. ECs from LAL-deficient (lal-/-) mice possess enhanced proliferation, migration, and permeability of inflammatory cells by activating the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Here we report that lal-/- ECs facilitated in vivo tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis, largely by stimulating tumor cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, and transendothelial migration via increased expression of IL-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). This prompted us to look for lysosomal proteins that are involved in lal-/- EC dysfunctions. We found that lal-/- ECs displayed increased expression of Rab7, a late endosome/lysosome-associated small GTPase. Moreover, Rab7 and mTOR were co-increased and co-localized to lysosomes and physically interacted in lal-/- ECs. Rab7 inhibition reversed lal-/- EC dysfunctions, including decreasing their enhanced migration and permeability of tumor-stimulatory myeloid cells, and suppressed EC-mediated stimulation of in vitro tumor cell transmigration, proliferation, and migration and in vivo tumor growth and metastasis. Finally, Rab7 inhibition reduced overproduction of reactive oxygen species and increased IL-6 and MCP-1 secretion in lal-/- ECs. Our results indicate that metabolic reprogramming resulting from LAL deficiency enhances the ability of ECs to stimulate tumor cell proliferation and metastasis through stimulation of lysosome-anchored Rab7 activity.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/secondary
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Endothelium, Vascular/enzymology
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Lysosomes/enzymology
- Melanoma, Experimental/genetics
- Melanoma, Experimental/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/secondary
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Myeloid Cells/metabolism
- Myeloid Cells/pathology
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Reactive Oxygen Species
- Signal Transduction
- Sterol Esterase/physiology
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Wolman Disease/complications
- Wolman Disease/physiopathology
- rab GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics
- rab GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- rab7 GTP-Binding Proteins
- Wolman Disease
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
| | - Xinchun Ding
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
| | - Cong Yan
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Hong Du
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2017; 66:113-123. [PMID: 29032490 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-017-0492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The current knowledge on tumor-infiltrating myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) is based mainly on the extensive work performed in murine models. Data obtained for human counterparts are generated on the basis of tumor analysis from patient samples. Both sources of information led to determination of the main suppressive mechanisms used by these cell subsets in tumor-bearing hosts. As a result of the identification of protein targets responsible for MDSCs suppressive activity, different therapeutics agents have been used to eliminate/reduce their adverse effect. In the present work, we review the current knowledge on suppressive mechanisms of MDSCs and therapeutic treatments that interfere with their differentiation, expansion or activity. Based on the accumulation of new evidences supporting their importance for tumor progression and metastasis, the interest in these cell types is increasing. We revise the methods of MDSC generation/differentiation ex vivo that may help in overcoming problems associated with limited numbers of cells available from animals and patients for their study.
Collapse
|
8
|
Du H, Ding X, Yan C. Metabolic reprogramming of myeloid-derived suppressive cells. Oncoscience 2017; 4:29-30. [PMID: 28540333 PMCID: PMC5441473 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Du
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Xinchun Ding
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Cong Yan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao T, Ding X, Du H, Yan C. Lung Epithelial Cell-Specific Expression of Human Lysosomal Acid Lipase Ameliorates Lung Inflammation and Tumor Metastasis in Lipa(-/-) Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:2183-2192. [PMID: 27461363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL), a key enzyme in the metabolic pathway of neutral lipids, has a close connection with inflammation and tumor progression. One major manifestation in LAL-deficient (Lipa(-/-)) mice is an increase of tumor growth and metastasis associated with expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. In the lung, LAL is highly expressed in alveolar type II epithelial cells. To assess how LAL in lung epithelial cells plays a role in this inflammation-related pathogenic process, lung alveolar type II epithelial cell-specific expression of human LAL (hLAL) in Lipa(-/-) mice was established by crossbreeding of CCSP-driven rtTA transgene and (TetO)7-CMV-hLAL transgene into Lipa(-/-) mice (CCSP-Tg/KO). hLAL expression in lung epithelial cells not only reduced tumor-promoting myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the lung, but also down-regulated the synthesis and secretion of tumor-promoting cytokines and chemokines into the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of Lipa(-/-) mice. hLAL expression reduced the immunosuppressive functions of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells, inhibited bone marrow cell transendothelial migration, and inhibited endothelial cell proliferation and migration in Lipa(-/-) mice. As a result, hLAL expression in CCSP-Tg/KO mice corrected pulmonary damage, and inhibited tumor cell proliferation and migration in vitro, and tumor metastasis to the lung in vivo. These results support a concept that LAL is a critical metabolic enzyme in lung epithelial cells that regulates lung homeostasis, immune response, and tumor metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Xinchun Ding
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
| | - Cong Yan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gato M, Blanco-Luquin I, Zudaire M, de Morentin XM, Perez-Valderrama E, Zabaleta A, Kochan G, Escors D, Fernandez-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E. Drafting the proteome landscape of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Proteomics 2015; 16:367-78. [PMID: 26403437 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of cells that are defined by their myeloid origin, immature state, and ability to potently suppress T-cell responses. They regulate immune responses and the population significantly increases in the tumor microenvironment of patients with glioma and other malignant tumors. For their study, MDSCs are usually isolated from the spleen or directly of tumors from a large number of tumor-bearing mice although promising ex vivo differentiated MDSC production systems have been recently developed. During the last years, proteomics has emerged as a powerful approach to analyze MDSCs proteomes using shotgun-based mass spectrometry (MS), providing functional information about cellular homeostasis and metabolic state at a global level. Here, we will revise recent proteome profiling studies performed in MDSCs from different origins. Moreover, we will perform an integrative functional analysis of the protein compilation derived from these large-scale proteomic studies in order to obtain a comprehensive view of MDSCs biology. Finally, we will also discuss the potential application of high-throughput proteomic approaches to study global proteome dynamics and post-translational modifications (PTMs) during the differentiation process of MDSCs that will greatly boost the identification of novel MDSC-specific therapeutic targets to apply in cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Gato
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Navarrabiomed, Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Idoia Blanco-Luquin
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Navarrabiomed, Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maribel Zudaire
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Navarrabiomed, Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Xabier Martínez de Morentin
- Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Fundación Miguel Servet, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Estela Perez-Valderrama
- Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Fundación Miguel Servet, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aintzane Zabaleta
- Biofunctional Nanomaterials Laboratory, CIC Biomagune, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Grazyna Kochan
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Navarrabiomed, Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - David Escors
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Navarrabiomed, Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernandez-Irigoyen
- Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Fundación Miguel Servet, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Fundación Miguel Servet, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|