1
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Gaál Z. Role of microRNAs in Immune Regulation with Translational and Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1942. [PMID: 38339220 PMCID: PMC10856342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 19-23 nucleotide long, evolutionarily conserved noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In this review, involvement of miRNAs is summarized in the differentiation and function of immune cells, in anti-infective immune responses, immunodeficiencies and autoimmune diseases. Roles of miRNAs in anticancer immunity and in the transplantation of solid organs and hematopoietic stem cells are also discussed. Major focus is put on the translational clinical applications of miRNAs, including the establishment of noninvasive biomarkers for differential diagnosis and prediction of prognosis. Patient selection and response prediction to biological therapy is one of the most promising fields of application. Replacement or inhibition of miRNAs has enormous therapeutic potential, with constantly expanding possibilities. Although important challenges still await solutions, evaluation of miRNA fingerprints may contribute to an increasingly personalized management of immune dysregulation with a remarkable reduction in toxicity and treatment side effects. More detailed knowledge of the molecular effects of physical exercise and nutrition on the immune system may facilitate self-tailored lifestyle recommendations and advances in prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Gaál
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei krt, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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2
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Ismail NH, Mussa A, Al-Khreisat MJ, Mohamed Yusoff S, Husin A, Al-Jamal HAN, Johan MF, Islam MA. Dysregulation of Non-Coding RNAs: Roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Myeloma. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:68. [PMID: 37987364 PMCID: PMC10660696 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9060068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), specifically microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), leads to the development and advancement of multiple myeloma (MM). miRNAs, in particular, are paramount in post-transcriptional gene regulation, promoting mRNA degradation and translational inhibition. As a result, miRNAs can serve as oncogenes or tumor suppressors depending on the target genes. In MM, miRNA disruption could result in abnormal gene expression responsible for cell growth, apoptosis, and other biological processes pertinent to cancer development. The dysregulated miRNAs inhibit the activity of tumor suppressor genes, contributing to disease progression. Nonetheless, several miRNAs are downregulated in MM and have been identified as gene regulators implicated in extracellular matrix remodeling and cell adhesion. miRNA depletion potentially facilitates the tumor advancement and resistance of therapeutic drugs. Additionally, lncRNAs are key regulators of numerous cellular processes, such as gene expression, chromatin remodeling, protein trafficking, and recently linked MM development. The lncRNAs are uniquely expressed and influence gene expression that supports MM growth, in addition to facilitating cellular proliferation and viability via multiple molecular pathways. miRNA and lncRNA alterations potentially result in anomalous gene expression and interfere with the regular functioning of MM. Thus, this review aims to highlight the dysregulation of these ncRNAs, which engender novel therapeutic modalities for the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Hayati Ismail
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ali Mussa
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman 11111, Sudan
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mutaz Jamal Al-Khreisat
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Shafini Mohamed Yusoff
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Azlan Husin
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hamid Ali Nagi Al-Jamal
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Kuala Nerus 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Farid Johan
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Md Asiful Islam
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Global Women’s Health, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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3
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Akshaya RL, Saranya I, Selvamurugan N. MicroRNAs mediated interaction of tumor microenvironment cells with breast cancer cells during bone metastasis. Breast Cancer 2023; 30:910-925. [PMID: 37578597 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01491-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) bone metastasis is primarily osteolytic and has limited therapeutic options. Metastasized BC cells prime the secondary environment in bone by forming a tumor niche, which favors their homing and colonization. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is primarily generated by the cancer cells. Bone TME is an intricate network of multiple cells, including altered bone, tumor, stromal, and immune cells. Recent findings highlight the significance of small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) in influencing TME during tumor metastasis. MiRNAs from TME-resident cells facilitate the interaction between the tumor and its microenvironment, thereby regulating the biological processes of tumors. These miRNAs can serve as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Hence, both miRNA inhibitors and mimics are extensively utilized in pre-clinical trials for modulating the phenotypes of tumor cells and associated stromal cells. This review briefly summarizes the recent developments on the functional role of miRNAs secreted directly or indirectly from the TME-resident cells in facilitating tumor growth, progression, and metastasis. This information would be beneficial in developing novel targeted therapies for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Akshaya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - I Saranya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 103, Tamil Nadu, India.
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4
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Yuan S, Zhu T, Wang J, Jiang R, Shu A, Zhang Z, Zhang P, Feng X, Zhao L. miR-22 promotes immunosuppression via activating JAK/STAT3 signaling in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2023; 44:549-561. [PMID: 37466677 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is the only approved systemic therapy for advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), however, roughly 50% of patients do not respond to the therapy and resistance often occurs over time to those who initially respond. Immunosuppression could have a critical role in developing treatment resistance, thus, understanding the mechanisms of how immunosuppression is developed and regulated may be the key to improving clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for cSCC. Here, through using a series of immunocompetent genetically engineered mouse models, we demonstrate that miR-22 promotes cSCC development by establishing regulatory T cells (Tregs)-mediated immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in a tumor cell autonomous manner. Mechanism investigation revealed that miR-22 elicits the constitutive activation of JAK/STAT3 signaling by directly targeting its suppressor SOCS3, which augments cancer cell-derived chemokine secretion and Tregs recruitment. Epithelial-specific and global knockouts of miR-22 repress papilloma and cSCC development and progression, manifested with reduced Tregs infiltration and elevated CD8+ T cell activation. Transcriptomic analysis and functional rescue study confirmed CCL17, CCL20 and CCL22 as the main affected chemokines that mediate the chemotaxis between miR-22 highly expressing keratinocyte tumor cells and Tregs. Conversely, overexpression of SOCS3 reversed miR-22-induced Tregs recruitment toward tumor cells. Clinically, gradually increasing Tregs infiltration during cSCC progression was negatively correlated with SOCS3 abundance, supported by previously documented elevated miR-22 levels. Thus, our study uncovers a novel miR-22-SOCS3-JAK/STAT3-chemokines regulatory mechanism in defining the immunosuppressive TME and highlights the promising clinical application value of miR-22 as a common targeting molecule against JAK/STAT3 signaling and immune escape in cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukai Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ruoyu Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Aofeng Shu
- School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Zhenlei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Peitao Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xuequan Feng
- Neurosurgical Department, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
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5
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Centomo ML, Vitiello M, Poliseno L, Pandolfi PP. An Immunocompetent Environment Unravels the Proto-Oncogenic Role of miR-22. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246255. [PMID: 36551740 PMCID: PMC9776418 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-22 was first identified as a proto-oncogenic microRNA (miRNA) due to its ability to post-transcriptionally suppress the expression of the potent PTEN (Phosphatase And Tensin Homolog) tumor suppressor gene. miR-22 tumorigenic role in cancer was subsequently supported by its ability to positively trigger lipogenesis, anabolic metabolism, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) towards the metastatic spread. However, during the following years, the picture was complicated by the identification of targets that support a tumor-suppressive role in certain tissues or cell types. Indeed, many papers have been published where in vitro cellular assays and in vivo immunodeficient or immunosuppressed xenograft models are used. However, here we show that all the studies performed in vivo, in immunocompetent transgenic and knock-out animal models, unanimously support a proto-oncogenic role for miR-22. Since miR-22 is actively secreted from and readily exchanged between normal and tumoral cells, a functional immune dimension at play could well represent the divider that allows reconciling these contradictory findings. In addition to a critical review of this vast literature, here we provide further proof of the oncogenic role of miR-22 through the analysis of its genomic locus vis a vis the genetic landscape of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Centomo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- William N. Pennington Cancer Institute, Renown Health, Nevada System of Higher Education, Reno, NV 89502, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, USA
| | - Marianna Vitiello
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Oncogenomics Unit, Core Research Laboratory, ISPRO, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Poliseno
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Oncogenomics Unit, Core Research Laboratory, ISPRO, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (P.P.P.); Tel.: +39-050-315-2780 (L.P.); +1-775-982-6210 (P.P.P.); Fax: +39-050-315-3327 (L.P.); +1-775-982-4288 (P.P.P.)
| | - Pier Paolo Pandolfi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- William N. Pennington Cancer Institute, Renown Health, Nevada System of Higher Education, Reno, NV 89502, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, USA
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (P.P.P.); Tel.: +39-050-315-2780 (L.P.); +1-775-982-6210 (P.P.P.); Fax: +39-050-315-3327 (L.P.); +1-775-982-4288 (P.P.P.)
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6
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The Roles of MiRNAs (MicroRNAs) in Melanoma Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314775. [PMID: 36499102 PMCID: PMC9736803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, characterized by life-threatening and rapidly spreading progression. Traditional targeted therapy can alleviate tumors by inactivating hyperactive kinases such as BRAF or MEK but inevitably encounters drug resistance. The advent of immunotherapy has revolutionized melanoma treatment and significantly improved the prognosis of melanoma patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are intricately involved in innate and adaptive immunity and are implicated in melanoma immunotherapy. This systematic review describes the roles of miRNAs in regulating the functions of immune cells in skin and melanoma, as well as the involvement of miRNAs in pharmacology including the effect, resistance and immune-related adverse events of checkpoint inhibitors such as PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors, which are used for treating cutaneous, uveal and mucosal melanoma. The expressions and functions of miRNAs in immunotherapy employing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and Toll-like receptor 9 agonists are also discussed. The prospect of innovative therapeutic strategies such as the combined administration of miRNAs and immune checkpoint inhibitors and the nanotechnology-based delivery of miRNAs are also provided. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between miRNAs and immunotherapy is crucial for the discovery of reliable biomarkers and for the development of novel miRNA-based therapeutics against melanoma.
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7
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Tian Y, Liu Y, Wang Q, Wen J, Wu Y, Han J, Man C. Stress-Induced Immunosuppression Affects Immune Response to Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine via Circulating miRNAs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12182376. [PMID: 36139236 PMCID: PMC9495071 DOI: 10.3390/ani12182376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Circulating miRNAs play important roles in immune response and stress-induced immunosuppression, but the function and mechanism of stress-induced immunosuppression affecting the NDV vaccine immune response remain unknown. In our study, key timepoints, functions, mechanisms, and potential biomarkers of circulating miRNAs involved in immune response and immunosuppression were discovered, providing a theoretical basis for studying the roles of circulating miRNAs in immune regulation. Abstract Studies have shown that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are important players in the immune response and stress-induced immunosuppression. However, the function and mechanism of stress-induced immunosuppression affecting the immune response to the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine remain largely unknown. This study analyzed the changes of 15 NDV-related circulating miRNAs at different immune stages by qRT-PCR, aiming to explore the key timepoints, potential biomarkers, and mechanisms for the functional regulation of candidate circulating miRNAs under immunosuppressed conditions. The results showed that stress-induced immunosuppression induced differential expressions of the candidate circulating miRNAs, especially at 2 days post immunization (dpi), 14 dpi, and 28 dpi. In addition, stress-induced immunosuppression significantly affected the immune response to NDV vaccine, which was manifested by significant changes in candidate circulating miRNAs at 2 dpi, 5 dpi, and 21 dpi. The featured expressions of candidate circulating miRNAs indicated their potential application as biomarkers in immunity and immunosuppression. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the candidate circulating miRNAs possibly regulated immune function through key targeted genes, such as Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1A (PPM1A) and Nemo-like kinase (NLK), in the MAPK signaling pathway. This study provides a theoretical reference for studying the function and mechanism of circulating miRNAs in immune regulation.
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8
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Godoy-Tena G, Ballestar E. Epigenetics of Dendritic Cells in Tumor Immunology. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051179. [PMID: 35267487 PMCID: PMC8909611 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells with the distinctive property of inducing the priming and differentiation of naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cells into helper and cytotoxic effector T cells to develop efficient tumor-immune responses. DCs display pathogenic and tumorigenic antigens on their surface through major histocompatibility complexes to directly influence the differentiation of T cells. Cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), including cancer cells and other immune-infiltrated cells, can lead DCs to acquire an immune-tolerogenic phenotype that facilitates tumor progression. Epigenetic alterations contribute to cancer development, not only by directly affecting cancer cells, but also by their fundamental role in the differentiation of DCs that acquire a tolerogenic phenotype that, in turn, suppresses T cell-mediated responses. In this review, we focus on the epigenetic regulation of DCs that have infiltrated the TME and discuss how knowledge of the epigenetic control of DCs can be used to improve DC-based vaccines for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Godoy-Tena
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Esteban Ballestar
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Barcelona, Spain;
- Epigenetics in Inflammatory and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Health Science Center (HSC), East China Normal University (ECNU), Shanghai 200241, China
- Correspondence:
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9
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Regulation of Immune Cells by microRNAs and microRNA-Based Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1385:75-108. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08356-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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10
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Chen D, Yang X, Liu M, Zhang Z, Xing E. Roles of miRNA dysregulation in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:1256-1268. [PMID: 33402729 PMCID: PMC8636266 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00291-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant disease of plasma cells with complex pathology, causing significant morbidity due to its end-organ destruction. The outcomes of patients with myeloma have significantly improved in the past couple of decades with the introduction of novel agents, such as proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulators, and monoclonal antibodies. However, MM remains incurable and presents considerable individual heterogeneity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, endogenous noncoding RNAs of 19-22 nucleotides that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Numerous studies have shown that miRNA deregulation is closely related to MM pathology, including tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, prognosis, and drug response, which make the complicated miRNA network an attractive and marvelous area of investigation for novel anti-MM therapeutic approaches. Herein, we mainly summarized the current knowledge on the roles of miRNAs, which are of great significance in regulating pathological factors involved in MM progressions, such as bone marrow microenvironment, methylation, immune regulation, genomic instability, and drug resistance. Meanwhile, their potential as novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Xinhong Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China.
| | - Enhong Xing
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China.
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11
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miRNA as a Modulator of Immunotherapy and Immune Response in Melanoma. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11111648. [PMID: 34827646 PMCID: PMC8615556 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a promising therapy for the treatment of cancers, including melanoma, that improved benefit clinical outcomes. However, a subset of melanoma patients do not respond or acquire resistance to immunotherapy, which limits their clinical applicability. Recent studies have explored the reasons related to the resistance of melanoma to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Of note, miRNAs are the regulators of not only cancer progression but also of the response between cancer cells and immune cells. Investigation of miRNA functions within the tumor microenvironment have suggested that miRNAs could be considered as key partners in immunotherapy. Here, we reviewed the known mechanism by which melanoma induces resistance to immunotherapy and the role of miRNAs in immune responses and the microenvironment.
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12
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Melnik BC, Stremmel W, Weiskirchen R, John SM, Schmitz G. Exosome-Derived MicroRNAs of Human Milk and Their Effects on Infant Health and Development. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060851. [PMID: 34200323 PMCID: PMC8228670 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple biologically active components of human milk support infant growth, health and development. Milk provides a wide spectrum of mammary epithelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MEVs) for the infant. Although the whole spectrum of MEVs appears to be of functional importance for the growing infant, the majority of recent studies report on the MEV subfraction of milk exosomes (MEX) and their miRNA cargo, which are in the focus of this review. MEX and the dominant miRNA-148a play a key role in intestinal maturation, barrier function and suppression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling and may thus be helpful for the prevention and treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis. MEX and their miRNAs reach the systemic circulation and may impact epigenetic programming of various organs including the liver, thymus, brain, pancreatic islets, beige, brown and white adipose tissue as well as bones. Translational evidence indicates that MEX and their miRNAs control the expression of global cellular regulators such as DNA methyltransferase 1-which is important for the up-regulation of developmental genes including insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, α-synuclein and forkhead box P3-and receptor-interacting protein 140, which is important for the regulation of multiple nuclear receptors. MEX-derived miRNA-148a and miRNA-30b may stimulate the expression of uncoupling protein 1, the key inducer of thermogenesis converting white into beige/brown adipose tissue. MEX have to be considered as signalosomes derived from the maternal lactation genome emitted to promote growth, maturation, immunological and metabolic programming of the offspring. Deeper insights into milk's molecular biology allow the conclusion that infants are both "breast-fed" and "breast-programmed". In this regard, MEX miRNA-deficient artificial formula is not an adequate substitute for breastfeeding, the birthright of all mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C. Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-5241-988060
| | - Wolfgang Stremmel
- Private Praxis for Internal Medicine, Beethovenstraße 2, D-76530 Baden-Baden, Germany;
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Swen Malte John
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany;
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm), University of Osnabrück, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany;
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13
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Xing Y, Ruan G, Ni H, Qin H, Chen S, Gu X, Shang J, Zhou Y, Tao X, Zheng L. Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Its Related miRNAs in Tumor Progression. Front Immunol 2021; 12:624725. [PMID: 34084160 PMCID: PMC8167795 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.624725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNA is a type of small non-coding RNA, by regulating downstream gene expression that affects the progression of multiple diseases, especially cancer. MiRNA can participate in the biological processes of tumor, including proliferation, invasion and escape, and exhibit tumor enhancement or inhibition. The tumor immune microenvironment contains numerous immune cells. These cells include lymphocytes with tumor suppressor effects such as CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells, as well as some tumor-promoting cells with immunosuppressive functions, such as regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. MiRNA can affect the tumor immune microenvironment by regulating the function of immune cells, which in turn modulates the progression of tumor cells. Investigating the role of miRNA in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment will help elucidate the specific mechanisms of interaction between immune cells and tumor cells, and may facilitate the use of miRNA as a predictor of immune disorders in tumor progression. This review summarizes the multifarious roles of miRNA in tumor progression through regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment, and provides guidance for the development of miRNA drugs to treat tumors and for the use of miRNA as an auxiliary means in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xing
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guojing Ruan
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiwei Ni
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai Qin
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Simiao Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyue Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiamin Shang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yantong Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Tao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lufeng Zheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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14
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Mondal P, Kaur B, Natesh J, Meeran SM. The emerging role of miRNA in the perturbation of tumor immune microenvironment in chemoresistance: Therapeutic implications. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 124:99-113. [PMID: 33865701 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a major hindrance in cancer chemotherapies, a leading cause of tumor recurrence and cancer-related deaths. Cancer cells develop numerous strategies to elude immune attacks and are regulated by immunological factors. Cancer cells can alter the expression of several immune modulators to upregulate the activities of immune checkpoint pathways. Targeting the immune checkpoint inhibitors is a part of the cancer immunotherapy altered during carcinogenesis. These immune modulators have the capability to reprogram the tumor microenvironment, thereby change the efficacy of chemotherapeutics. In general, the sensitivity of drugs is reduced in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, resulting in chemoresistance and tumor relapse. The regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is well established in cancer initiation, progression, and therapy. Intriguingly, miRNA affects cancer immune surveillance and immune response by targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors in the tumor microenvironment. miRNAs alter the gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, which modulates both innate and adaptive immune systems. Alteration of tumor immune microenvironment influences drug sensitivity towards cancer cells. Besides, the expression profile of immune-modulatory miRNAs can be used as a potential biomarker to predict the response and clinical outcomes in cancer immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Recent evidences have revealed that cancer-derived immune-modulatory miRNAs might be promising targets to counteract cancer immune escape, thereby increasing drug efficacy. In this review, we have compiled the role of miRNAs in overcoming the chemoresistance by modulating tumor microenvironment and discussed their preclinical and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Mondal
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Bhavjot Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India
| | - Jagadish Natesh
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Syed Musthapa Meeran
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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15
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Hu Q, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Tao S, Zhang X, Liu X, Li X, Jiang X, Huang C, Xu W, Qi X, Chen L, Li Q, Huang Y. Baseline serum exosome-derived miRNAs predict HBeAg seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with peginterferon. J Med Virol 2021; 93:4939-4948. [PMID: 33666247 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the value of baseline serum exosome-derived miRNAs for predicting HBeAg seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients treated with peginterferon (Peg-IFN). A total of 120 treatment-naïve HBeAg-positive CHB patients who received Peg-IFN therapy (48 weeks) were enrolled. Next-generation sequencing was performed to screen the serum exosomal miRNAs that were associated with Peg-IFN treatment outcome, and qRT-PCR was used to validate them. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of biomarkers. Thirty-three patients (27.5%) achieved HBeAg seroconversion (response group), and 87 patients (72.5%) did not achieve HBeAg seroconversion (nonresponse group). In the identification cohort, 40 serum exosome-derived miRNAs were differentially expressed between the response group (four patients) and the nonresponse group (four patients). In the confirmation cohort, the expression levels of serum exosomal miR-194-5p (p < .001) and miR-22-3p (p < .001) were significantly downregulated in the response group (29 patients) compared to the nonresponse group (83 patients). Multivariate analysis identified baseline serum exosomal miR-194-5p, miR-22-3p, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and HBV DNA as independent predictors of HBeAg seroconversion (all p < .05). The AUROCs of serum exosomal miRNAs (0.77 and 0.75 for miR-194-5p and miR-22-3p, respectively) were higher than that of ALT (0.70) and HBV DNA (0.69). The combination of exosomal miR-194-5p and miR-22-3p further improved the predictive performance with an AUROC of 0.82. Baseline serum exosomal miR-194-5p and miR-22-3p may serve as novel biomarkers to predict HBeAg seroconversion in CHB patients treated with Peg-IFN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Hu
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Tao
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyun Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhua Jiang
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenlu Huang
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Qi
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxian Huang
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Patil N, Allgayer H, Leupold JH. MicroRNAs in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1277:1-31. [PMID: 33119862 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-50224-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is decisive for the eradication or survival of any tumor mass. Moreover, it plays a pivotal role for metastasis and for providing the metastatic niche. The TME offers special physiological conditions and is composed of, for example, surrounding blood vessels, the extracellular matrix (ECM), diverse signaling molecules, exosomes and several cell types including, but not being limited to, infiltrated immune cells, cancer-associated endothelial cells (CAEs), and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). These cells can additionally and significantly contribute to tumor and metastasis progression, especially also by acting via their own deregulated micro (mi) RNA expression or activity. Thus, miRNAs are essential players in the crosstalk between cancer cells and the TME. MiRNAs are small non-coding (nc) RNAs that typically inhibit translation and stability of messenger (m) RNAs, thus being able to regulate several cell functions including proliferation, migration, differentiation, survival, invasion, and several steps of the metastatic cascade. The dynamic interplay between miRNAs in different cell types or organelles such as exosomes, ECM macromolecules, and the TME plays critical roles in many aspects of cancer development. This chapter aims to give an overview on the multiple contributions of miRNAs as players within the TME, to summarize the role of miRNAs in the crosstalk between different cell populations found within the TME, and to illustrate how they act on tumorigenesis and the behavior of cells in the TME context. Lastly, the potential clinical utility of miRNAs for cancer therapy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Patil
- Department of Experimental Surgery - Cancer Metastasis, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Heike Allgayer
- Department of Experimental Surgery - Cancer Metastasis, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jörg H Leupold
- Department of Experimental Surgery - Cancer Metastasis, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
- Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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17
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Youn GS, Park JK, Lee CY, Jang JH, Yun SH, Kwon HY, Choi SY, Park J. MicroRNA-22 negatively regulates LPS-induced inflammatory responses by targeting HDAC6 in macrophages. BMB Rep 2021. [PMID: 31964468 PMCID: PMC7196186 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2020.53.4.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) can lead to the pathologic states and result in the development of various diseases including cancers and inflammatory diseases. The objective of this study was to elucidate the regulatory role of microRNA-22 (miR-22) in HDAC6-mediated expression of proinflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. LPS stimulation induced HDAC6 expression, but suppressed miR-22 expression in macrophages, suggesting possible correlation between HDAC6 and miR-22. Luciferase reporter assays revealed that 3'UTR of HDAC6 was a bona fide target site of miR-22. Transfection of miR-22 mimic significantly inhibited LPS-induced HDAC6 expression, while miR-22 inhibitor further increased LPS-induced HDAC6 expression. LPS-induced activation of NF-κB and AP-1 was inhibited by miR-22 mimic, but further increased by miR-22 inhibitor. LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 was inhibited by miR-22 mimic, but further increased by miR-22 inhibitor. Taken together, these data provide evidence that miR-22 can downregulate LPS-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines via suppression of NF-κB and AP-1 axis by targeting HDAC6 in macrophages. [BMB Reports 2020; 53(4): 223-228].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Soo Youn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Jong Kook Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Chae Yeon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Jang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Sang Ho Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Hyeok Yil Kwon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Jinseu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
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18
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Xiao L, Pei T, Huang W, Zhou M, Fu J, Tan J, Liu T, Song Y, Yang S. MicroRNA22-5p targets ten-eleven translocation and regulates estrogen receptor 2 expression in infertile women with minimal/mild endometriosis during implantation window. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234086. [PMID: 32658928 PMCID: PMC7357761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on microRNA (miR) microarray analysis, we previously found that miR22-5p expression is decreased in the mid-luteal endometrium of women with minimal/mild endometriosis. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that miR22-5p targets ten-eleven translocation (TET2) 3'-untranslated region. This study aimed to determine the regulation and roles of miR22-5p in the pathogenesis of minimal/mild endometriosis-associated infertility. MiR22-5p and TET2 expression in the mid-luteal endometrium from women with or without minimal/mild endometriosis was analyzed. After transfection with miR22-5p mimics or inhibitor, TET2 expression was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription (RT-q) PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine was determined by immunofluorescence and dot blotting. Expression and promoter methylation of estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) was measured by RT-qPCR and western blotting, and by bisulfite sequencing, respectively. We first established that miR22-5p expression decreased and TET2 expression increased in minimal/mild endometriosis during implantation window. TET2 was found to be a direct target of miR22-5p. MiR22-5p regulated the expression of ESR2, but did not directly affect methylation of its promoter region (-197/+359). Our results suggest that an imbalance in miR22-5p expression in the mid-luteal endometrium may be involved in minimal/mild endometriosis-associated infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianjiao Pei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyuan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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19
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Wang L, Wang YS, Mugiyanto E, Chang WC, Yvonne Wan YJ. MiR-22 as a metabolic silencer and liver tumor suppressor. LIVER RESEARCH 2020; 4:74-80. [PMID: 33005474 PMCID: PMC7523703 DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With obesity rate consistently increasing, a strong relationship between obesity and fatty liver disease has been discovered. More than 90% of bariatric surgery patients also have non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLDs). NAFLD and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which are the hepatic manifestations of metabolic syndrome, can lead to liver carcinogenesis. Unfortunately, there is no effective medicine that can be used to treat NASH or liver cancer. Thus, it is critically important to understand the mechanism underlying the development of these diseases. Extensive evidence suggests that microRNA 22 (miR-22) can be a diagnostic marker for liver diseases as well as a treatment target. This review paper focuses on the roles of miR-22 in metabolism, steatosis, and liver carcinogenesis. Literature search is limited based on the publications included in the PubMed database in the recent 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA,The College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei
| | - Yu-Shiuan Wang
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Eko Mugiyanto
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA,Corresponding author. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA. (Y.-J.Y. Wan)
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20
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Feng Y, Wan P, Yin L, Lou X. The Inhibition of MicroRNA-139-5p Promoted Osteoporosis of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Targeting Wnt/Beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway by NOTCH1. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:448-458. [PMID: 31752063 PMCID: PMC9728286 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1908.08036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the therapeutic effects of microRNA-139-5p in relation to osteoporosis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs) and its underlying mechanisms. In this study we used a dexamethasone-induced in vivo model of osteoporosis and BMSCs were used for the in vitro model. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and gene chip were used to analyze the expression of microRNA-139-5p. In an osteoporosis rat model, the expression of microRNA-139-5p was increased, compared with normal group. Downregulation of microRNA-139-5p promotes cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs. Especially, up-regulation of microRNA-139-5p reduced cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs. Overexpression of miR-139-5p induced Wnt/β-catenin and down-regulated NOTCH1 signaling in BMSCs. Down-regulation of miR-139-5p suppressed Wnt/β-catenin and induced NOTCH1 signaling in BMSCs. The inhibition of NOTCH1 reduced the effects of anti-miR-139-5p on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin also inhibited the effects of anti-miR-139-5p on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs. Taken together, our results suggested that the inhibition of microRNA-139-5p promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by NOTCH1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimiao Feng
- Department of Orthodontics, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 30009, P.R. China
| | - Pengbo Wan
- Shangqiu Medical College, Shangqiu, Henan Province 476100, P.R. China
| | - Linling Yin
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (originally named “Shanghai First People’s Hospital”) Shanghai 200080, P.R. China,Corresponding author Phone: +86-21-63240090 E-mail:
| | - Xintian Lou
- Department of Dentistry, Punan Hospital of Pudong New District, Shanghai 200125, P.R. China
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21
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Scalavino V, Liso M, Serino G. Role of microRNAs in the Regulation of Dendritic Cell Generation and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041319. [PMID: 32075292 PMCID: PMC7072926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells with a key role in immune responses. They act as a link between the innate and adaptive systems and they can induce and maintain immunologic tolerance. DCs are subdivided into conventional and plasmacytoid DCs. These cell subsets originate from the same bone marrow precursors and their differentiation process is determined by several extrinsic and intrinsic factors, such as cytokines, transcription factors, and miRNAs. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in modulating physiological and pathological processes mediated by DCs. miRNA deregulation affects many inflammatory conditions and diseases. The aim of this review was to underline the importance of miRNAs in inflammatory processes mediated by DCs in physiological and pathological conditions and to highlight their potential application for future therapies.
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22
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Lin YX, Wang Y, Blake S, Yu M, Mei L, Wang H, Shi J. RNA Nanotechnology-Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy. Theranostics 2020; 10:281-299. [PMID: 31903120 PMCID: PMC6929632 DOI: 10.7150/thno.35568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA molecules (e.g., siRNA, microRNA, and mRNA) have shown tremendous potential for immunomodulation and cancer immunotherapy. They can activate both innate and adaptive immune system responses by silencing or upregulating immune-relevant genes. In addition, mRNA-based vaccines have recently been actively pursued and tested in cancer patients, as a form of treatment. Meanwhile, various nanomaterials have been developed to enhance RNA delivery to the tumor and immune cells. In this review article, we summarize recent advances in the development of RNA-based therapeutics and their applications in cancer immunotherapy. We also highlight the variety of nanoparticle platforms that have been used for RNA delivery to elicit anti-tumor immune responses. Finally, we provide our perspectives of potential challenges and opportunities of RNA-based nanotherapeutics in clinical translation towards cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Xin Lin
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sara Blake
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Mian Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Lin Mei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinjun Shi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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23
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Dong H, Cui B, Hao X. MicroRNA‑22 alleviates inflammation in ischemic stroke via p38 MAPK pathways. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:735-744. [PMID: 31115561 PMCID: PMC6580039 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to ascertain the potential roles and mechanisms of action of micro (mi)RNA-22 in ischemic stroke. The results indicated that miRNA-22 expression was downregulated in ischemic stroke rats model, compared with a control group. The downregulation of miRNA-22 upregulated the expression of inflammatory factors [including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-18]. It could also induce the expression of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in the in vitro model. By contrast, the overexpression of miRNA-22 downregulated the expression of inflammatory factors, and suppressed the expression of MIP-2, PGE2, COX-2 and iNOS in the in vitro model. The downregulation of miRNA-22 induced the protein expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and phosphorylated-p38 (p-p38) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the in vitro model. By comparison, the overexpression of miRNA-22 suppressed the protein expression of NF-κB and p-p38 in the in vitro model. Typically, LY2228820, the p38 inhibitor (3 nM) would mitigate the pro-inflammatory effects of anti-miRNA-22 in the in vitro model. These results suggested that miRNA-22 can alleviate ischemic stroke-induced inflammation in rats model or vitro model through p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixiao Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Benliang Cui
- Department of the Third Surgery, Shandong Jining Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Xiuzhen Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
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24
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Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has shown impressive clinical results in the last decade, improving both solid and hematologic cancer patients' overall survival. Nevertheless, most of the molecular aspects underlying the response to this approach are still under investigation. miRNAs in particular have been described as regulators of a plethora of different immunologic processes and thus have the potential to be key in the future developments of immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize and discuss the emerging role of miRNAs in the diagnosis and therapeutics of the four principal cancer immunotherapy approaches: immune checkpoint blockade, adoptive cell therapy, cancer vaccines, and cytokine therapy. In particular, this review is focused on potential roles for miRNAs to be adjuvants in soluble factor- and cell-based therapies, with the aim of helping to increase specificity and decrease toxicity, and on the potential for rationally identified miRNA-based diagnostic approaches to aid in precision clinical immunooncology.
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25
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Yang N, Zhu S, Lv X, Qiao Y, Liu YJ, Chen J. MicroRNAs: Pleiotropic Regulators in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2491. [PMID: 30443251 PMCID: PMC6221902 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that typically inhibit the translation and stability of messenger RNAs (mRNAs). They are ~22 nucleotides long and control both physiological and pathological processes. Altered expression of miRNAs is often associated with human diseases. Thus, miRNAs have become important therapeutic targets, and some clinical trials investigating the effect of miRNA-based therapeutics in different types of diseases have already been conducted. The tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises cells such as infiltrated immune cells, cancer-associated endothelial cells (CAEs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and all the components participate in the complicated crosstalk with tumor cells to affect tumor progression. Altered miRNAs expression in both these stromal and tumor cells could drive tumorigenesis. Thus, in this review, we discuss how aberrantly expressed miRNAs influence tumor progression; summarize the crosstalk between infiltrated immune cells, CAEs, CAFs, and tumor cells through miRNAs, and clarify the important roles of miRNAs in the tumor microenvironment, which may facilitate the clinical application of miRNA-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinping Lv
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Qiao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong-Jun Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Sanofi Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Jingtao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Pasquariello R, Fernandez-Fuertes B, Strozzi F, Pizzi F, Mazza R, Lonergan P, Gandolfi F, Williams JL. Profiling bovine blastocyst microRNAs using deep sequencing. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:1545-1555. [PMID: 27623773 DOI: 10.1071/rd16110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to control several reproductive functions, including oocyte maturation, implantation and early embryonic development. Recent advances in deep sequencing have allowed the analysis of all miRNAs of a sample. However, when working with embryos, due to the low RNA content, miRNA profiling is challenging because of the relatively large amount of total RNA required for library preparation protocols. In the present study we compared three different procedures for RNA extraction and prepared libraries using pools of 30 bovine blastocysts. In total, 14 of the 15 most abundantly expressed miRNAs were common to all three procedures. Furthermore, using miRDeep discovery and annotation software (Max Delbrück Center), we identified 1363 miRNA sequences, of which bta-miR-10b and bta-miR-378 were the most abundant. Most of the 179 genes identified as experimentally validated (86.6%) or predicted targets (13.4%) were associated with cancer canonical pathways. We conclude that reliable analysis of bovine blastocyst miRNAs can be achieved using the procedures described herein. The repeatability of the results across different procedures and independent replicates, as well as their consistency with results obtained in other species, support the biological relevance of these miRNAs and of the gene pathways they modulate in early embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pasquariello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territori, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - B Fernandez-Fuertes
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F Strozzi
- Parco Tecnologico Padano, Via Einstein Albert, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - F Pizzi
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Einstein Albert, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - R Mazza
- Associazione Italiana Allevatori, Via Bergamo 292, 26100, Cremona, Italy
| | - P Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F Gandolfi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territori, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - J L Williams
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
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27
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Kahn S, Liao Y, Du X, Xu W, Li J, Lönnerdal B. Exosomal MicroRNAs in Milk from Mothers Delivering Preterm Infants Survive in Vitro Digestion and Are Taken Up by Human Intestinal Cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1701050. [PMID: 29644801 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201701050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE This study investigates the ability of preterm milk exosomes to survive gastric/pancreatic digestion, internalization by intestinal epithelia, and the microRNAs (miRNAs) contents. METHODS AND RESULTS At average infant age 1 week and 6 days, milk is collected from mothers who delivered preterm and term infants (n = 10). Milk is exposed to conditions simulating infant gut digestion. Exosomes are isolated and lysed, and the exposed miRNAs are sequenced. Preterm milk exosomes survive in vitro digestion, and can be taken up by intestinal epithelia. Three hundred and thirty miRNAs are identified as preterm milk exosome miRNAs, and in vitro digestion does not have a pronounced effect on their expression. The abundant miRNAs in preterm milk exosomes are similar to those from term milk. Twenty-one low abundance miRNAs are specifically expressed in preterm milk exosomes compared to early term milk in the current study and what previously is found in mature term milk. CONCLUSION These results for the first time reveal the survivability of preterm milk exosomes following simulated gastric/pancreatic digestion. The authors demonstrate the richness of the miRNAs content in these exosomes. The results improve the knowledge of preterm milk biology and the molecular basis by which exosome miRNAs may uniquely affect preterm infants during early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kahn
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Yalin Liao
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Xiaogu Du
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Jie Li
- Genome Centre, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Bo Lönnerdal
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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28
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Natural Compounds as Epigenetic Regulators of Human Dendritic Cell-mediated Immune Function. J Immunother 2018; 41:169-180. [DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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29
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Sun J, Lian M, Ma H, Wang R, Ma Z, Wang H, Zhai J, Meng L, Feng L, Bai Y, Cui X, Fang J. Competing endogenous RNA network analysis of CD274, IL‑10 and FOXP3 co‑expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:3859-3869. [PMID: 29257349 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most common types of head and neck malignant tumor; however, there is a lack of effective molecular targets for therapy. The present study detected the expression of three immunity‑associated molecules [forkhead box (FOX)3, interleukin (IL)‑10 and cluster of differentiation (CD)274] in 133 LSCC samples using immunohistochemistry (IHC); subsequently, the association between their expression and the clinical characteristics of LSCC were analyzed. Spearman's rank correlation method, Kaplan‑Meier and Cox regression model were used to analyze the correlations of the three proteins and their clinical significance. StarBase and miRTarBase databases were used to establish the competitive endogenous (ce)RNA network of the three molecules. IHC demonstrated that the positive expression rates of FOXP3, IL‑10 and CD274 were 68.4, 73.7 and 58.6% in 133 LSCC samples, respectively. In addition, it was identified that the expression of the three proteins was closely correlated with the clinical characteristics of LSCC, including lymph node metastasis and prognosis (P<0.05). There was also a significant association of co‑expression between any two proteins (P<0.001). Furthermore, the expression levels of FOXP3, IL‑10 and CD274 were negatively associated with the survival rate of patients with LSCC (P<0.05). The results of a Cox regression model suggested that the three proteins were prognostic risk factors for LSCC (P<0.05). The ceRNA network revealed that 10 microRNAs (miRs; including miR‑16‑5p and miR‑214‑3p), 123 long non‑coding RNAs (including X‑inactive specific transcript, H19 and metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) and 408 circular RNAs (including ATP‑binding cassette subfamily C member 1 hsa_circ_001569 and ISY1 splicing factor homolog hsa_circ_001859) may regulate the expression of FOXP3, IL‑10 and CD274. The data generated from the present study may increase the understanding of the immune escape mechanisms of LSCC and may be beneficial for the development of a specific immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Meng Lian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Hongzhi Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Haizhou Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Lingzhao Meng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Ling Feng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Bai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010050, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Cui
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010050, P.R. China
| | - Jugao Fang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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30
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Keck J, Gupta R, Christenson LK, Arulanandam BP. MicroRNA mediated regulation of immunity against gram-negative bacteria. Int Rev Immunol 2017; 36:287-299. [PMID: 28800263 PMCID: PMC6904929 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2017.1347649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Evidence over the last couple decades has comprehensively established that short, highly conserved, non-coding RNA species called microRNA (miRNA) exhibit the ability to regulate expression and function of host genes at the messenger RNA (mRNA) level. MicroRNAs play key regulatory roles in immune cell development, differentiation, and protective function. Intrinsic host immune response to invading pathogens rely on intricate orchestrated events in the development of innate and adaptive arms of immunity. We discuss the involvement of miRNAs in regulating these processes against gram negative pathogens in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon Keck
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Center of Excellence in Infection Genomics, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249
| | - Rishein Gupta
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Center of Excellence in Infection Genomics, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249
| | - Lane K. Christenson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160
| | - Bernard P. Arulanandam
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Center of Excellence in Infection Genomics, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249
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31
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Wang B, Yao Q, Xu D, Zhang JA. MicroRNA-22-3p as a novel regulator and therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases. Int Rev Immunol 2017; 36:176-181. [PMID: 28471251 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2017.1281272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs and have emerged as critical regulators of gene expression. Some miRNAs play important roles in regulating the function of the immune system and are involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Recent studies suggested that microRNA-22-3p (miR-22-3p) was able to regulate the function of several types of immune cells and may be involved in the development of autoimmune diseases. We systematically reviewed relevant literatures to provide a comprehensive review of the possible roles of miR-22-3p in autoimmune diseases. Published studies suggest that miR-22-3p can act as a novel regulator of autoimmune diseases via several pathways. More studies are needed to further elucidate the exact roles of miR-22-3p in autoimmune diseases. Treatment strategy targeting miR-22-3p is also a promising therapy for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- a Department of Endocrinology , Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Rheumatology and Immunology , Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Qiuming Yao
- a Department of Endocrinology , Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Rheumatology and Immunology , Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Donghua Xu
- c Department of Rheumatology and Immunology , The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University , Weifang , China
| | - Jin-An Zhang
- a Department of Endocrinology , Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Rheumatology and Immunology , Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai , China
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32
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Kumar Kingsley SM, Vishnu Bhat B. Role of MicroRNAs in the development and function of innate immune cells. Int Rev Immunol 2017; 36:154-175. [DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2017.1284212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Manoj Kumar Kingsley
- Department of Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - B. Vishnu Bhat
- Department of Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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Circulating extracellular miR-22, miR-155, and miR-365 as candidate biomarkers to assess transport-related stress in turkeys. Animal 2016; 10:1213-7. [PMID: 26760121 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731115003043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) have been identified in circulating blood and might have the potential to be used as biomarkers for several pathophysiological conditions. To identify miRNA that are altered following stress events, turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) were subjected to 2 h of road transportation. The expression levels of five circulating miRNA, namely miR-22, miR-155-5p, miR-181a-3p, miR-204 and miR-365-3p, were detected and assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction using TaqMan® probes, as potential biomarkers of stress. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were then used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of miRNA. A panel of three stress-responsive miRNA, miR-22, miR-155 and miR-365 were identified; their expression levels were significantly higher after road transportation and the area under the curve (AUC) were 0.763, 0.71 and 0.704, respectively. Combining the three miRNA a specificity similar to the one found for the three miRNA separately was found. The AUC of the weighted average of the three miRNA was 0.763. This preliminary study suggests that the expression levels of circulating miR-22, miR-155 and miR-365 are increased during transport-related stress and that they may have diagnostic value to discriminate between stressed- and unstressed animals.
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34
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Zhao G, Xu L, Hui L, Zhao J. Level of circulated microRNA-421 in gastric carcinoma and related mechanisms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:14252-14256. [PMID: 26823741 PMCID: PMC4713527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most popular and deadly malignant tumors, gastric cancer still has difficulty in early-diagnosis. Recently the level of circulated DNA related with tumors can be used for diagnosis. MicroRNA-421 (miR-421) has been found to be up-regulated in tumor cells. Whether peripheral miR-421 can be used as a marker for diagnosis of gastric carcinoma, however, remains unclear. The expression level of miR-421 in both gastric cancer and normal people were firstly quantified. We then performed in vitro transfection of gastric carcinoma cell line to potentiate or silence miR-421 level. Cell apoptosis and apoptotic protein levels were quantified by flow cytometry and Western blotting, respectively. MiR-421 level in the peripheral blood of gastric cancer patients was significantly elevated. In gastric cancer cell line, the up-regulation of miR-421 significantly inhibited cell apoptosis. The silencing of miR-421 promoted cell apoptosis. Such anti-apoptotic role of miR-421 was accomplished by inhibiting caspase 3, up-regulating Bcl-2 and inhibiting Bax. MiR-421 was up-regulated in both tumor tissue and peripheral blood, and can modulate cell apoptosis. Circulated miR-421 can work as a serological marker for early diagnosis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056002, Hebei, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056002, Hebei, China
| | - Limei Hui
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056002, Hebei, China
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056002, Hebei, China
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