1
|
Salem NA, Manzano L, Keist MW, Ponomareva O, Roberts AJ, Roberto M, Mayfield RD. Cell-type brain-region specific changes in prefrontal cortex of a mouse model of alcohol dependence. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 190:106361. [PMID: 37992784 PMCID: PMC10874299 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex is a crucial regulator of alcohol drinking, and dependence, and other behavioral phenotypes associated with AUD. Comprehensive identification of cell-type specific transcriptomic changes in alcohol dependence will improve our understanding of mechanisms underlying the excessive alcohol use associated with alcohol dependence and will refine targets for therapeutic development. We performed single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and Visium spatial gene expression profiling on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) obtained from C57BL/6 J mice exposed to the two-bottle choice-chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) vapor exposure (2BC-CIE, defined as dependent group) paradigm which models phenotypes of alcohol dependence including escalation of alcohol drinking. Gene co-expression network analysis and differential expression analysis identified highly dysregulated co-expression networks in multiple cell types. Dysregulated modules and their hub genes suggest novel understudied targets for studying molecular mechanisms contributing to the alcohol dependence state. A subtype of inhibitory neurons was the most alcohol-sensitive cell type and contained a downregulated gene co-expression module; the hub gene for this module is Cpa6, a gene previously identified by GWAS to be associated with excessive alcohol consumption. We identified an astrocytic Gpc5 module significantly upregulated in the alcohol-dependent group. To our knowledge, there are no studies linking Cpa6 and Gpc5 to the alcohol-dependent phenotype. We also identified neuroinflammation related gene expression changes in multiple cell types, specifically enriched in microglia, further implicating neuroinflammation in the escalation of alcohol drinking. Here, we present a comprehensive atlas of cell-type specific alcohol dependence mediated gene expression changes in the mPFC and identify novel cell type-specific targets implicated in alcohol dependence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nihal A Salem
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Lawrence Manzano
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Michael W Keist
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Olga Ponomareva
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Amanda J Roberts
- Animal Models Core Facility, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Marisa Roberto
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - R Dayne Mayfield
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang X, Liu F, Cui Z, Li Z, Lv Y. Carboxypeptidase A6 suppresses the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer cells and is negatively regulated by miR-96–3p. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 740:109595. [PMID: 37011707 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor, and this study aims to explore the role and the regulatory mechanism of carboxypeptidase A6 (CPA6) in CRC cells. METHODS Specific shRNA targeting CPA6 mRNA was transfected into NCM460 and HT29 cells to down-regulate CPA expression, and expression plasmid was transfected into HCT116 cells to exogenously overexpress CPA6. The dual luciferase assay was used to detect the direct binding of miR-96-3p to CPA6 3'UTR. Phosphorylation and activation of Akt were detected using Western blot. Cells were treated with miR-96-3p mimics, Akt inhibitor (MK-2206) or agonist (SC79) for rescue experiments. The cell functions were evaluated using CCK-8, clone formation, transwell, and Western blot assays. Xenograft tumor assay was also used to analyze the effect of altered CPA6 expression on tumor growth. RESULTS Knockdown of CPA6 promoted the proliferation, clone formation, migration, and invasion of NCM460 and HT29 cells in vitro, and the tumor growth of nude mouse xenograft tumor in vivo. Moreover, over-expression of CPA6 significantly inhibited the malignant proliferation and invasion of HCT116 cells in vitro, and the tumor growth of xenograft tumor in vivo. Furthermore, miR-96-3p could directly regulate CPA6 expression by targeting its 3'UTR, and miR-96-3p mimics rescued the inhibitory effects of CPA6 overexpression on the malignant proliferation and invasion of CRC cells. Finally, CPA6 knockdown enhanced Akt/mTOR phosphorylation and activation, while CPA6 overexpression inhibited Akt/mTOR activation. The regulatory effect of CPA6 on Akt/mTOR signaling was naturally regulated by miR-96-3p. Akt inhibitor or agonist rescued the effects of CPA6 knockdown or overexpression on proliferation and EMT of colon cancer cells. CONCLUSION CPA6 has a significant tumor suppressive effect on CRC by inhibiting the activation of Akt/mTOR signaling, and miR-96-3p negatively regulates the expression of CPA6.
Collapse
|
3
|
Khan J, Al Asoom L, Al Sunni A, Rafique N, Latif R, Alabdali M, Alhariri A, Aloqaily M, AbdulAzeez S, Jahan S, Banawas S, Borgio JF. Whole-Exome Sequencing Reveals Migraine-Associated Novel Functional Variants in Arab Ancestry Females: A Pilot Study. Brain Sci 2022; 12:1429. [PMID: 36358356 PMCID: PMC9688800 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12111429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Migraine, as the seventh most disabling neurological disease with 26.9% prevalence in Saudi females, lacks studies on identifying associated genes and pathways with migraines in the Arab population. This case control study aims to identify the migraine-associated novel genes and risk variants. More than 1900 Arab ancestry young female college students were screened: 103 fulfilled the ICHD-3 criteria for migraine and 20 cases confirmed in the neurology clinic were included for the study with age-matched healthy controls. DNA from blood samples were subjected to paired-end whole-exome sequencing. After quality control, 3365343 missense, frameshift, missense splice region variants and insertion-deletion (indels) polymorphisms were tested for association with migraine. Significant variants were validated using Sanger sequencing. A total of 17 (p-value 9.091 × 10-05) functional variants in 12 genes (RETNLB, SCAI, ADH4, ESPL1, CPT2, FLG, PPP4R1, SERPINB5, ZNF66, ETAA1, EXO1 and CPA6) were associated with higher migraine risk, including a stop-gained frameshift (-13-14*SX) variant in the gene RETNLB (rs5851607; p-value 3.446 × 10-06). Gene analysis revealed that half of the significant novel migraine risk genes were expressed in the temporal lobe (p-value 0.0058) of the cerebral cortex. This is the first study exploring the migraine risk of 17 functional variants in 12 genes among Saudi female migraineurs of Arab ancestry using whole-exome sequencing. Half of the significant genes were expressed in the temporal lobe, which expands migraine pathophysiology and early identification using biomarkers for research possibilities on personalised genetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lubna Al Asoom
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31541, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Al Sunni
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31541, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazish Rafique
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31541, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabia Latif
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31541, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Alabdali
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azhar Alhariri
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Aloqaily
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed AbdulAzeez
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadaf Jahan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Banawas
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - J Francis Borgio
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Epidemic Diseases Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Whole-exome sequencing with targeted analysis and epilepsy after acute symptomatic neonatal seizures. Pediatr Res 2022; 91:896-902. [PMID: 33846556 PMCID: PMC9064802 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contribution of pathogenic gene variants with development of epilepsy after acute symptomatic neonatal seizures is not known. METHODS Case-control study of 20 trios in children with a history of acute symptomatic neonatal seizures: 10 with and 10 without post-neonatal epilepsy. We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) and identified pathogenic de novo, transmitted, and non-transmitted variants from established and candidate epilepsy association genes and correlated prevalence of these variants with epilepsy outcomes. We performed a sensitivity analysis with genes associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). We analyzed variants throughout the exome to evaluate for differential enrichment of functional properties using exploratory KEGG searches. RESULTS Querying 200 established and candidate epilepsy genes, pathogenic variants were identified in 5 children with post-neonatal epilepsy yet in only 1 child without subsequent epilepsy. There was no difference in the number of trios with non-transmitted pathogenic variants in epilepsy or CAD genes. An exploratory KEGG analysis demonstrated a relative enrichment in cell death pathways in children without subsequent epilepsy. CONCLUSIONS In this pilot study, children with epilepsy after acute symptomatic neonatal seizures had a higher prevalence of coding variants with a targeted epilepsy gene sequencing analysis compared to those patients without subsequent epilepsy. IMPACT We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) in 20 trios, including 10 children with epilepsy and 10 without epilepsy, both after acute symptomatic neonatal seizures. Children with post-neonatal epilepsy had a higher burden of pathogenic variants in epilepsy-associated genes compared to those without post-neonatal epilepsy. Future studies evaluating this association may lead to a better understanding of the risk of epilepsy after acute symptomatic neonatal seizures and elucidate molecular pathways that are dysregulated after brain injury and implicated in epileptogenesis.
Collapse
|
5
|
Recent ultra-rare inherited variants implicate new autism candidate risk genes. Nat Genet 2021; 53:1125-1134. [PMID: 34312540 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00899-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Autism is a highly heritable complex disorder in which de novo mutation (DNM) variation contributes significantly to risk. Using whole-genome sequencing data from 3,474 families, we investigate another source of large-effect risk variation, ultra-rare variants. We report and replicate a transmission disequilibrium of private, likely gene-disruptive (LGD) variants in probands but find that 95% of this burden resides outside of known DNM-enriched genes. This variant class more strongly affects multiplex family probands and supports a multi-hit model for autism. Candidate genes with private LGD variants preferentially transmitted to probands converge on the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, intracellular transport and Erb signaling protein networks. We estimate that these variants are approximately 2.5 generations old and significantly younger than other variants of similar type and frequency in siblings. Overall, private LGD variants are under strong purifying selection and appear to act on a distinct set of genes not yet associated with autism.
Collapse
|
6
|
Kaplan Ö, Pekmez M, Akıncı Y, Ataklı HD, Eren F, Dirican AC, Gözübatık Çelik RG, Baştuğ Gül Z, Ur Özçelik E, Gül G, Sarı H, Özkara Ç. The relationship between DIRAS1 gene and idiopathic generalized epilepsy in the Turkish population. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
7
|
Masilela C, Pearce B, Ongole JJ, Adeniyi OV, Benjeddou M. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Metformin and Sulphonylureas' Glycaemic Response among South African Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11020104. [PMID: 33561991 PMCID: PMC7914534 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11020104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To examine the association of polymorphisms belonging to SLC22A1, SP1, PRPF31, NBEA, SCNN1B, CPA6 and CAPN10 genes with glycaemic response to metformin and sulphonylureas (SU) combination therapy among South African adults with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). Methods: A total of 128 individuals of Swati (n = 22) and Zulu (n = 106) origin attending chronic care for T2DM were recruited. Nine SNPs previously associated with metformin and SUs were selected and genotyped using MassArray. Uncontrolled T2DM was defined as HbA1c > 7%. The association between genotypes, alleles and glycaemic response to treatment was determined using multivariate logistic regression model analysis. Results: About 85.93% (n = 110) of the study participants were female and 77.34% (n = 99) had uncontrolled T2DM (HbA1c > 7%). In the multivariate (adjusted) logistic regression model analysis, the CC genotype of rs2162145 (CPA6), GG and GA genotypes of rs889299 (SCNN1B) were significantly associated with uncontrolled T2DM. On the other hand, the C allele of rs254271 (PRPF31) and the GA genotype of rs3792269 (CAPN10) were associated with controlled T2DM. A significant interaction between rs2162145 and rs889299 in response to metformin and SU combination therapy was observed. Conclusions: In this study, we reported the association of rs2162145 (CC) and rs889299 (GG and GA) with uncontrolled T2DM. We also reported the association of rs254271 (C) and rs3792269 (GA) with controlled T2DM in response to metformin and SU combination therapy. Furthermore, an interaction between rs2162145 and rs889299 was established, where the genotype combination GA (rs889299) and TT (rs2162145) was associated with uncontrolled T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charity Masilela
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (B.P.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Brendon Pearce
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (B.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Joven Jebio Ongole
- Center for Teaching and Learning, Department of Family Medicine, Piet Retief Hospital, Mkhondo 2380, South Africa;
| | | | - Mongi Benjeddou
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (B.P.); (M.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang H, Zhang M, Zhang M, Wang F, Liu J, Zhao Q. Carboxypeptidase A6 was identified and validated as a novel potential biomarker for predicting the occurrence of active ulcerative colitis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8803-8813. [PMID: 32570281 PMCID: PMC7412415 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, highly heterogeneous intestinal inflammation with changes in epithelial function and tissue damage. However, the pathogenesis is still unclear between active UC and inactive UC. Herein, weighted gene co‐expression network analysis was applied to explore the gene modules related to active UC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were used to further investigate the underlying mechanism of selected genes. We found that in the blue module (r = −.72), carboxypeptidase A6 (CPA6) was chosen to validate because of its high intra‐modular connectivity and module membership. In the test sets, the expression level of CPA6 was down‐regulated in active UC compared with inactive UC and normal colon. Furthermore, CPA6 expression was decreased primarily in the descending colon and only in mucosa affected by active UC. The receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that CPA6 expression had a performed well in diagnosing active UC from inactive UC (area under the curve = 0.99). Importantly, anti‐tumour necrosis factor (TNF) treatment (infliximab and golimumab) significantly increased the CPA6 expression. Finally, GSEA and GSVA found that extracellular matrix receptor, inflammatory response and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition were highly enriched in active UC with low CPA6 expression. In conclusion, CPA6 was identified and validated as a novel potential biomarker for predicting the occurrence of active UC, probably through regulating extracellular matrix or immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haizhou Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengna Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Orekhova A, Geisz A, Sahin-Tóth M. Ethanol feeding accelerates pancreatitis progression in CPA1 N256K mutant mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2020; 318:G694-G704. [PMID: 32116022 PMCID: PMC7191466 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00007.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic pancreatitis is a multifactorial, progressive, inflammatory disorder of the pancreas. Alcohol initiates pancreatitis and promotes its progression in the context of genetic susceptibility and/or other environmental risk factors such as smoking. Genetic mutations can cause digestive enzyme misfolding, which induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and elicits pancreatitis. Here, we tested the hypothesis that alcohol synergizes with misfolding in promoting ER stress and thereby accelerates chronic pancreatitis progression. To this end, we fed an ethanol-containing diet to CPA1 N256K mice, which carry the human p.N256K CPA1 mutation and develop spontaneous chronic pancreatitis. Inexplicably, CPA1 N256K mice suffered generalized seizures after 2-3 wk of ethanol feeding, which resulted in high mortality and the early termination of the study. Analysis of CPA1 N256K mice euthanized after 3-3.5 wk of ethanol feeding revealed more severe chronic pancreatitis associated with significantly increased Hspa5 [ER chaperone immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein (BiP)] mRNA levels when compared with CPA1 N256K mice on a control liquid diet. In contrast, ethanol feeding of C57BL/6N mice for 4 wk increased Hspa5 levels to a lesser degree and caused no pancreatitis. We conclude that ethanol feeding synergizes with the misfolding CPA1 mutant in promoting ER stress and thereby accelerates progression of chronic pancreatitis in CPA1 N256K mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Alcoholic pancreatitis is a multifactorial, progressive, inflammatory disorder of the pancreas. This study demonstrates that alcohol synergizes with digestive enzyme misfolding in promoting endoplasmic reticulum stress and thereby accelerates progression of chronic pancreatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Orekhova
- 1Center for Exocrine Disorders, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrea Geisz
- 1Center for Exocrine Disorders, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Miklós Sahin-Tóth
- 1Center for Exocrine Disorders, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,2Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang QB, Zhang HW, Liao ZB. Carboxypeptidase A6 Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Up-regulating AKT Signaling Pathway. Curr Med Sci 2019; 39:727-733. [PMID: 31612389 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-019-2098-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor treatment prognosis and high mortality worldwide. Understanding the molecular mechanism underlying HCC development would benefit the identification of diagnostic biomarkers and the improvement of the treatment strategies. The expression of carboxypeptidase A6 (CPA6) has been reported in epilepsy and febrile seizures rather than in any type of cancers. However, the function of CPA6 expression in HCC is not yet understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinicopathological significance of the expression of CPA6 in HCC and the underlying mechanisms. We observed that the expression of the CPA6 protein was increased significantly in HCC tissues than in paracancerous tissues. To explore its function in HCC, both gain- and loss-of-function studies demonstrated that CPA6 played a vital role in promoting HCC growth and metastasis. When knocking down CPA6 with shRNA, HCC cell proliferation and migration could be suppressed. Meanwhile, CPA6 overexpression could promote proliferation and migration of HLF cells. Moreover, CPA6 could activate AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) signaling pathway as confirmed by Western blotting. In conclusion, our study revealed that CPA6 could promote HCC cell proliferation and migration via AKT-mediated signaling pathway. These findings suggest that CPA6 is a promising diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target to improve the prognosis of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Bo Huang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Liao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Malov AG, Kulesh AA, Vshivkov MI. Familial temporal lobe epilepsy 5 with vestibular seizures (a case report). Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 119:65-69. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201911911265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
12
|
dos Santos BP, Marinho CRM, Marques TEBS, Angelo LKG, Malta MVDS, Duzzioni M, de Castro OW, Leite JP, Barbosa FT, Gitaí DLG. Genetic susceptibility in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy: Systematic review of genetic association studies. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179629. [PMID: 28636645 PMCID: PMC5479548 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several genetic association investigations have been performed over the last three decades to identify variants underlying Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME). Here, we evaluate the accumulating findings and provide an updated perspective of these studies. METHODOLOGY A systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Lilacs, epiGAD, Google Scholar and Sigle up to February 12, 2016. The quality of the included studies was assessed by a score and classified as low and high quality. Beyond outcome measures, information was extracted on the setting for each study, characteristics of population samples and polymorphisms. RESULTS Fifty studies met eligibility criteria and were used for data extraction. With a single exception, all studies used a candidate gene approach, providing data on 229 polymorphisms in or near 55 different genes. Of variants investigating in independent data sets, only rs2029461 SNP in GRM4, rs3743123 in CX36 and rs3918149 in BRD2 showed a significant association with JME in at least two different background populations. The lack of consistent associations might be due to variations in experimental design and/or limitations of the approach. CONCLUSIONS Thus, despite intense research evidence established, specific genetic variants in JME susceptibility remain inconclusive. We discussed several issues that may compromise the quality of the results, including methodological bias, endophenotype and potential involvement of epigenetic factors. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42016036063.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Priscila dos Santos
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Chiara Rachel Maciel Marinho
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | | | - Layanne Kelly Gomes Angelo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Maísa Vieira da Silva Malta
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Duzzioni
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Olagide Wagner de Castro
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - João Pereira Leite
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Leite Góes Gitaí
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lopes MW, Sapio MR, Leal RB, Fricker LD. Knockdown of Carboxypeptidase A6 in Zebrafish Larvae Reduces Response to Seizure-Inducing Drugs and Causes Changes in the Level of mRNAs Encoding Signaling Molecules. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152905. [PMID: 27050163 PMCID: PMC4822968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxypeptidase A6 (CPA6) is an extracellular matrix metallocarboxypeptidase that modulates peptide and protein function by removal of hydrophobic C-terminal amino acids. Mutations in the human CPA6 gene that reduce enzymatic activity in the extracellular matrix are associated with febrile seizures, temporal lobe epilepsy, and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. The characterization of these human mutations suggests a dominant mode of inheritance by haploinsufficiency through loss of function mutations, however the total number of humans with pathologic mutations in CPA6 identified to date remains small. To better understand the relationship between CPA6 and seizures we investigated the effects of morpholino knockdown of cpa6 mRNA in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. Knockdown of cpa6 mRNA resulted in resistance to the effect of seizure-inducing drugs pentylenetetrazole and pilocarpine on swimming behaviors. Knockdown of cpa6 mRNA also reduced the levels of mRNAs encoding neuropeptide precursors (bdnf, npy, chga, pcsk1nl, tac1, nts, edn1), a neuropeptide processing enzyme (cpe), transcription factor (c-fos), and molecules implicated in glutamatergic signaling (grin1a and slc1a2b). Treatment of zebrafish embryos with 60 mM pilocarpine for 1 hour led to reductions in levels of many of the same mRNAs when measured 1 day after pilocarpine exposure, except for c-fos which was elevated 1 day after pilocarpine treatment. Pilocarpine treatment, like cpa6 knockdown, led to a reduced sensitivity to pentylenetetrazole when tested 1 day after pilocarpine treatment. Taken together, these results add to mounting evidence that peptidergic systems participate in the biological effects of seizure-inducing drugs, and are the first in vivo demonstration of the molecular and behavioral consequences of cpa6 insufficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark William Lopes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Matthew R. Sapio
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Rodrigo B. Leal
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Lloyd D. Fricker
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Allen NM, Conroy J, Shahwan A, Lynch B, Correa RG, Pena SDJ, McCreary D, Magalhães TR, Ennis S, Lynch SA, King MD. Unexplained early onset epileptic encephalopathy: Exome screening and phenotype expansion. Epilepsia 2015; 57:e12-7. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.13250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M. Allen
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology; Children's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - Judith Conroy
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology; Children's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
- Academic Centre on Rare Diseases; School of Medicine and Medical Science; University College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Amre Shahwan
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology; Children's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - Bryan Lynch
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology; Children's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - Raony G. Correa
- Laboratory of Clinical Genomics; Faculty of Medicine of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Sergio D. J. Pena
- Laboratory of Clinical Genomics; Faculty of Medicine of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Dara McCreary
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology; Children's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
- Academic Centre on Rare Diseases; School of Medicine and Medical Science; University College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Tiago R. Magalhães
- Academic Centre on Rare Diseases; School of Medicine and Medical Science; University College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- The National Children's Research Centre; Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin; Dublin 12 Ireland
| | - Sean Ennis
- Academic Centre on Rare Diseases; School of Medicine and Medical Science; University College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Sally A. Lynch
- Academic Centre on Rare Diseases; School of Medicine and Medical Science; University College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Mary D. King
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology; Children's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
- Academic Centre on Rare Diseases; School of Medicine and Medical Science; University College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| |
Collapse
|