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Razavi-Nikoo H, Behboudi E, Aghcheli B, Hashemi SMA, Moradi A. Bac to Bac System Efficiency for Preparing HPV Type 16 Virus-Like Particle Vaccine. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2023; 78:997-1003. [PMID: 38028838 PMCID: PMC10657962 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2023.361975.2708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Today, the human papillomavirus (HPV) L1 protein is the main target in the construction of prophylactic HPV vaccines. The production of virus-like particles (VLPs) that closely resemble the natural structure of the HPV16 virus and induce high levels of virus-neutralizing antibodies in animals and humans is facilitated by the expression of HPV16-L1 protein in eukaryotic cells. The Bac-to-Bac system has been previously used to produce high levels of recombinant proteins. In this study, we utilized this expression system to generate HPV16-L1 VLPs in Spodoptra frugipedra (Sf9) insect cells. The wild-type L1 gene of papillomavirus type 16 was selected from Gene Bank and placed in bacmid structure after codon optimization using pFast Bac vector. The recombinant baculovirus containing HPV-16/L1 gene was then provided using the Bac-to-Bac system. It should be mentioned that the vector was transfected into the Sf9 cell. The cells were then lysed and the expression of L1 protein was revealed by SDS-PAGE and confirmed by Western Blot. The L1 purification was performed through Ni-NTA chromatography. The VLP formation of papillomavirus L1 protein was visualized by transmission electron microscopy. The expressed recombinant L1 was ~60 KD on SDS-PAGE which was identified in western blot by a specific anti-L1 monoclonal antibody. The electron microscopy confirmed the assembly of VLPs. Results of this study showed that the production of this protein at the industrial level can be optimized using a baculovirus/Sf9 system. The characteristics and advantages of this system are promising and it is a suitable candidate for protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Razavi-Nikoo
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - E Behboudi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - B Aghcheli
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - S M A Hashemi
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - A Moradi
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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2
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Chen J, Wang D, Wang Z, Wu K, Wei S, Chi X, Qian C, Xu Y, Zhou L, Li Y, Zhang S, Li T, Kong Z, Wang Y, Zheng Q, Yu H, Zhao Q, Zhang J, Xia N, Li S, Gu Y. Critical Residues Involved in the Coassembly of L1 and L2 Capsid Proteins of Human Papillomavirus 16. J Virol 2023; 97:e0181922. [PMID: 36815785 PMCID: PMC10062154 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01819-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are small DNA viruses associated with cervical cancer, warts, and other epithelial tumors. Structural studies have shown that the HPV capsid consists of 360 copies of the major capsid protein, L1, arranged as 72 pentamers in a T=7 icosahedral lattice, coassembling with substoichiometric amounts of the minor capsid protein, L2. However, the residues involved in the coassembly of L1 and L2 remain undefined due to the lack of structure information. Here, we investigated the solvent accessibility surfaces (SASs) of the central cavity residues of the HPV16 L1 pentamer in the crystal structure because those internal exposed residues might mediate the association with L2. Twenty residues in L1 protein were selected to be analyzed, with four residues in the lumen of the L1 pentamer identified as important: F256, R315, Q317, and T340. Mutations to these four residues reduced the PsV (pseudovirus) infection capacity in 293FT cells, and mutations to R315, Q317, and T340 substantially perturb L2 from coassembling into L1 capsid. Compared with wild-type (WT) PsVs, these mutant PsVs also have a reduced ability to become internalized into host cells. Finally, we identified a stretch of negatively charged residues on L2 (amino acids [aa] 337 to 340 [EEIE]), mutations to which completely abrogate L2 assembly into L1 capsid and subsequently impair the endocytosis and infectivity of HPV16 PsVs. These findings shed light on the elusive coassembly between HPV L1 and L2. IMPORTANCE Over 200 types of HPV have been isolated, with several high-risk types correlated with the occurrence of cervical cancer. The HPV major capsid protein, L1, assembles into a T=7 icosahedral viral shell, and associates with the minor capsid protein, L2, which plays a critical role in the HPV life cycle. Despite the important role of the L2 protein, its structure and coassembly with L1 remain elusive. In this study, we analyzed the amino acid residues at the proposed interface between L1 and L2. Certain mutations at these sites decreased the amount of L2 protein assembled into the capsid, which, in turn, led to a decrease in viral infectivity. Knowledge about these residues and the coassembly of L1 and L2 could help to expand our understanding of HPV biology and aid in the development of countermeasures against a wide range of HPV types by targeting the L2 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Daning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Kunbao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shuangping Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xin Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ciying Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yujie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lizhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Sibo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhibo Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yingbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qingbing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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3
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Olczak P, Matsui K, Wong M, Alvarez J, Lambert P, Christensen ND, Hu J, Huber B, Kirnbauer R, Wang JW, Roden RBS. RG2-VLP: a Vaccine Designed to Broadly Protect against Anogenital and Skin Human Papillomaviruses Causing Human Cancer. J Virol 2022; 96:e0056622. [PMID: 35703545 PMCID: PMC9278150 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00566-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of human papillomaviruses (HPV) includes over 400 genotypes. Genus α genotypes generally infect the anogenital mucosa, and a subset of these HPV are a necessary, but not sufficient, cause of cervical cancer. Of the 13 high-risk (HR) and 11 intermediate-risk (IR) HPV associated with cervical cancer, genotypes 16 and 18 cause 50% and 20% of cases, respectively, whereas HPV16 dominates in other anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. A plethora of βHPVs are associated with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), especially in sun-exposed skin sites of epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV), AIDS, and immunosuppressed patients. Licensed L1 virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines, such as Gardasil 9, target a subset of αHPV but no βHPV. To comprehensively target both α- and βHPVs, we developed a two-component VLP vaccine, RG2-VLP, in which L2 protective epitopes derived from a conserved αHPV epitope (amino acids 17 to 36 of HPV16 L2) and a consensus βHPV sequence in the same region are displayed within the DE loop of HPV16 and HPV18 L1 VLP, respectively. Unlike vaccination with Gardasil 9, vaccination of wild-type and EV model mice (Tmc6Δ/Δ or Tmc8Δ/Δ) with RG2-VLP induced robust L2-specific antibody titers and protected against β-type HPV5. RG2-VLP protected rabbits against 17 αHPV, including those not covered by Gardasil 9. HPV16- and HPV18-specific neutralizing antibody responses were similar between RG2-VLP- and Gardasil 9-vaccinated animals. However, only transfer of RG2-VLP antiserum effectively protected naive mice from challenge with all βHPVs tested. Taken together, these observations suggest RG2-VLP's potential as a broad-spectrum vaccine to prevent αHPV-driven anogenital, oropharyngeal, and βHPV-associated cutaneous cancers. IMPORTANCE Licensed preventive HPV vaccines are composed of VLPs derived by expression of major capsid protein L1. They confer protection generally restricted to infection by the αHPVs targeted by the up-to-9-valent vaccine, and their associated anogenital cancers and genital warts, but do not target βHPV that are associated with CSCC in EV and immunocompromised patients. We describe the development of a two-antigen vaccine protective in animal models against known oncogenic αHPVs as well as diverse βHPVs by incorporation into HPV16 and HPV18 L1 VLP of 20-amino-acid conserved protective epitopes derived from minor capsid protein L2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pola Olczak
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Margaret Wong
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jade Alvarez
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Neil D. Christensen
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jiafen Hu
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bettina Huber
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Kirnbauer
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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4
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Liu L, Chen T, Zhou L, Sun J, Li Y, Nie M, Xiong H, Zhu Y, Xue W, Wu Y, Li T, Zhang T, Kong Z, Yu H, Zhang J, Gu Y, Zheng Q, Zhao Q, Xia N, Li S. A Bacterially Expressed SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain Fused With Cross-Reacting Material 197 A-Domain Elicits High Level of Neutralizing Antibodies in Mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:854630. [PMID: 35558112 PMCID: PMC9087041 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.854630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents an unprecedented public health crisis worldwide. Although several vaccines are available, the global supply of vaccines, particularly within developing countries, is inadequate, and this necessitates a need for the development of less expensive, accessible vaccine options. To this end, here, we used the Escherichia coli expression system to produce a recombinant fusion protein comprising the receptor binding domain (RBD) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; residues 319-541) and the fragment A domain of Cross-Reacting Material 197 (CRM197); hereafter, CRMA-RBD. We show that this CRMA-RBD fusion protein has excellent physicochemical properties and strong reactivity with COVID-19 convalescent sera and representative neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). Furthermore, compared with the use of a traditional aluminum adjuvant, we find that combining the CRMA-RBD protein with a nitrogen bisphosphonate-modified zinc-aluminum hybrid adjuvant (FH-002C-Ac) leads to stronger humoral immune responses in mice, with 4-log neutralizing antibody titers. Overall, our study highlights the value of this E. coli-expressed fusion protein as an alternative vaccine candidate strategy against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lizhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Meifeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hualong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuhe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenhui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yangtao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhibo Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qingbing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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5
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Cross-neutralizing antibody titres against non-vaccine types induced by a recombinant trivalent HPV vaccine (16/18/58) in rhesus macaques. PAPILLOMAVIRUS RESEARCH 2020; 10:100209. [PMID: 33197649 PMCID: PMC7704424 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2020.100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes not only most cervical cancers but also cancers of the vagina, vulva, penis, anus, rectum, and oropharynx. Every year, 200,000 women die of cervical cancer in the world, and China accounts for about 10%. HPV vaccines are effective in preventing HPV infections thus HPV-related cancers worldwide. Studies on the clinical trials of the 2v Cervarix™ and the 4v Gardasil® have suggested that immunization with either of these vaccines provided some level of protection against other HPV types that are closely related to the types contained in the vaccines. Here we conducted a preliminary evaluation on the ability to induce cross-neutralizing antibodies in rhesus monkeys by a 3v HPV vaccine that targets HPV16, 18, and 58 and it is specifically designed for Chinese women. We found that this vaccine is no less than Gardasil® in terms of the ability to induce NAbs against non-vaccine types of HPV in rhesus macaques. These results provided evidence from the immunogenicity point of view that the KLWS 3v HPV vaccine is a strong competitor to the imported 2v and 4v HPV vaccines currently available on the market.
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6
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Wang D, Liu X, Wei M, Qian C, Song S, Chen J, Wang Z, Xu Q, Yang Y, He M, Chi X, Huang S, Li T, Kong Z, Zheng Q, Yu H, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Zhang J, Xia N, Gu Y, Li S. Rational design of a multi-valent human papillomavirus vaccine by capsomere-hybrid co-assembly of virus-like particles. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2841. [PMID: 32503989 PMCID: PMC7275066 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16639-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The capsid of human papillomavirus (HPV) spontaneously arranges into a T = 7 icosahedral particle with 72 L1 pentameric capsomeres associating via disulfide bonds between Cys175 and Cys428. Here, we design a capsomere-hybrid virus-like particle (chVLP) to accommodate multiple types of L1 pentamers by the reciprocal assembly of single C175A and C428A L1 mutants, either of which alone encumbers L1 pentamer particle self-assembly. We show that co-assembly between any pair of C175A and C428A mutants across at least nine HPV genotypes occurs at a preferred equal molar stoichiometry, irrespective of the type or number of L1 sequences. A nine-valent chVLP vaccine-formed through the structural clustering of HPV epitopes-confers neutralization titers that are comparable with that of Gardasil 9 and elicits minor cross-neutralizing antibodies against some heterologous HPV types. These findings may pave the way for a new vaccine design that targets multiple pathogenic variants or cancer cells bearing diverse neoantigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Xinlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Minxi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Ciying Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Qin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Yurou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Maozhou He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Shiwen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhibo Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Qingbing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Hai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Yingbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China. .,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China. .,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China. .,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.
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7
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Yan H, Foo SS, Chen W, Yoo JS, Shin WJ, Wu C, Jung JU. Efficient Inhibition of Human Papillomavirus Infection by L2 Minor Capsid-Derived Lipopeptide. mBio 2019; 10:e01834-19. [PMID: 31387913 PMCID: PMC6686047 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01834-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The amino (N)-terminal region of human papillomavirus (HPV) minor capsid protein (L2) is a highly conserved region which is essential for establishing viral infection. Despite its importance in viral infectivity, the role of the HPV N-terminal domain has yet to be fully characterized. Using fine mapping analysis, we identified a 36-amino-acid (aa) peptide sequence of the L2 N terminus, termed L2N, that is critical for HPV infection. Ectopic expression of L2N with the transmembrane sequence on the target cell surface conferred resistance to HPV infection. Additionally, L2N peptide with chemical or enzymatic lipidation at the carboxyl (C) terminus efficiently abrogated HPV infection in target cells. Among the synthetic L2N lipopeptides, a stearoylated lipopeptide spanning aa 13 to 46 (13-46st) exhibited the most potent anti-HPV activity, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of ∼200 pM. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the 13-46st lipopeptide inhibited HPV entry by blocking trans-Golgi network retrograde trafficking of virion particles, leading to rapid degradation. Fundamentally, the inhibitory effect of L2N lipopeptides appeared to be evolutionarily conserved, as they showed cross-type inhibition among various papillomaviruses. In conclusion, our findings provide new insights into the critical role of the L2N sequence in the HPV entry mechanism and identify the therapeutic potential of L2N lipopeptide as an effective anti-HPV agent.IMPORTANCE HPV is a human oncogenic virus that causes a major public health problem worldwide, which is responsible for approximately 5% of total human cancers and almost all cases of cervical cancers. HPV capsid consists of two structure proteins, the major capsid L1 protein and the minor capsid L2 protein. While L2 plays critical roles during the viral life cycle, the molecular mechanism in viral entry remains elusive. Here, we performed fine mapping of the L2 N-terminal region and defined a short 36-amino-acid peptide, called L2N, which is critical for HPV infection. Specifically, L2N peptide with carboxyl-terminal lipidation acted as a potent and cross-type HPV inhibitor. Taken together, data from our study highlight the essential role of the L2N sequence at the early step of HPV entry and suggests the L2N lipopeptide as a new strategy to broadly prevent HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Suan-Sin Foo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ji-Seung Yoo
- Department of Immunology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Woo-Jin Shin
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christine Wu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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8
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Chen T, Wang K, Chi X, Zhou L, Li J, Liu L, Zheng Q, Wang Y, Yu H, Gu Y, Zhang J, Li S, Xia N. Construction of a bacterial surface display system based on outer membrane protein F. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:70. [PMID: 30971255 PMCID: PMC6458713 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1120-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial surface display systems were developed to surface expose heterologous proteins or peptides for different applications, such as peptide libraries screening and live bacterial vaccine design. Various outer membrane proteins, such as outer membrane protein A (OmpA), OmpC and outer membrane pore protein E precursor (PhoE), have been used as carriers for surface display, fused to the proteins or peptides of interest in Gram-negative bacteria. Here, we investigated the utility of constitutively expressed OmpF for the display of foreign immune epitopes on the Escherichia coli cell surface and then compared it with plasmid-induced expression of OmpF and OmpC. Results Enhanced expression of OmpF was linked to a mutation in the OmpF promoter sequence. This mutation rendered OmpF an ideal carrier protein for the enriched display of a target of interest on the bacterial surface. To this end, we grafted two peptides, harboring important epitopes of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) S antigen and human papilloma virus (HPV) L2 protein, onto OmpF of E. coli by genome editing. The resultant fused OmpF proteins were constitutively expressed in the edited E. coli and purified by membrane component extraction. The epitope that displayed on the bacterial surface was verified by SDS-PAGE, western blotting, flow cytometry, and immunoelectron microscopy of the intact bacteria. We further compared this constitutive expression with plasmid-induced expression of OmpF and OmpC in bacterial cells using the same methods for verification. We found that plasmid-induced expression is much less efficient than constitutive expression of OmpF from the bacterial genome. Conclusions Enhanced expression of OmpF in a plasmid-independent manner provides an amenable way to display epitopes on the bacterial surface and sheds light on ways to engineer bacteria for biotechnological applications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-019-1120-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Kaihang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xin Chi
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Lizhi Zhou
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Liqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Qingbing Zheng
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yingbin Wang
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Hai Yu
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China. .,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
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9
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Wu X, Ma X, Li Y, Xu Y, Zheng N, Xu S, Nawaz W, Wu Z. Induction of neutralizing antibodies by human papillomavirus vaccine generated in mammalian cells. Antib Ther 2019; 2:45-53. [PMID: 33928221 PMCID: PMC7990147 DOI: 10.1093/abt/tbz004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infections is one of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. Current preventative HPV vaccines on the market are composed of HPV L1 protein produced either in the yeast such as Gardasil or in the insect cells such as Cervarix. The duration of efficacy and cross-protection remain highly desirable for the improvement of current prophylactic HPV vaccine. Given that HPV carries out infection and replicates in mammalian cells, L2 protein, which is not included in the current licensed vaccines, is included in the third generation of HPV vaccine in pursuing of providing broader prevention. We hypothesize that a virus-like particle (VLP) consisting of HPV L1 plus L2 proteins generated in mammalian cells will present conformations more closely to native HPV, thus it will provide more durable and broader efficacy of prevention. Methods We took advantage of 293TT cells to produce VLP containing L1 and L2 proteins of HPV16 and HPV18, respectively. Results VLP particles of uniformed size and morphology were observed, and potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies were induced in mice and rabbits. In addition, compared to bivalent HPV vaccine of Cervarix, our HPV L1-L2 VLPs elicited higher titer of anti-sera, and the anti-sera also presented comparable neutralization potency against HPV16 and HPV18 infections even a much less potent adjuvant was used in our case. Conclusion Our VLPs were capable of eliciting stronger and more broadly neutralizing activities against various HPV subtypes and were potential candidate HPV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Wu
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR, China.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR, China
| | - Xiaohua Ma
- Antibody Department, Y-Clone Medical Science Co.Ltd., Suzhou, PR, China
| | - Yanlei Li
- Antibody Department, Y-Clone Medical Science Co.Ltd., Suzhou, PR, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Antibody Department, Y-Clone Medical Science Co.Ltd., Suzhou, PR, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR, China.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR, China
| | - Shijie Xu
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR, China
| | - Waqas Nawaz
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR, China
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR, China.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR, China
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10
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Zhang C, Huang X, Chen S, Li Y, Li Y, Wang X, Tang J, Xia L, Lin Z, Luo W, Li T, Li S, Zhang J, Xia N, Zhao Q. Epitope clustering analysis for vaccine-induced human antibodies in relationship to a panel of murine monoclonal antibodies against HPV16 viral capsid. Vaccine 2018; 36:6761-6771. [PMID: 30287156 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 is the most common type implicated as the etiological agent that causes cervical cancer. The marketed prophylactic vaccines against HPV infection are composed of virus-like particles (VLPs) assembled from the recombinant major capsid protein L1. Elicitation of functional and neutralizing antibodies by vaccination is the mode of action by which the vaccines prevent the viral infection. In this study, a panel of murine mAbs against HPV16 L1 were generated and comprehensively characterized with respect to their mapping to the epitope spectrum on the viral capsid. These mAbs were categorized into five epitope bins by two different methods based on the pairwise cross-inhibition and competition with human polyclonal antibodies. In addition, a preliminary demonstration of the spatial relationship of the epitopes recognized by these mAbs was performed using a cross-blocking assay with a well-characterized human mAb, 26D1. Interestingly, two mAbs recognizing different epitopes were found to act synergistically in the pseudovirion-based neutralization assay (PBNA). To facilitate cross-lab and cross-study comparison, the international standard (IS) serum 05/134 was used to calibrate the mAbs as well as the human serum samples from the HPV16/18 vaccine recipients. The neutralizing mAbs, particularly those that recognizing immunodominant epitopes, would be useful in developing epitope-specific assays for monitoring the vaccine production process and for serological assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Xiaofen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Siyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Yike Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Yufang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Jixian Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Lin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Zhijie Lin
- Xiamen Innovax Biotech Company, Ltd, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Wenxin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Tingdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China.
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China.
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11
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Bywaters SM, Brendle SA, Biryukov J, Wang JW, Walston J, Milici J, Roden RB, Meyers C, Christensen ND. Production and characterization of a novel HPV anti-L2 monoclonal antibody panel. Virology 2018; 524:106-113. [PMID: 30170240 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The major capsid protein of HPV, L1, assembles into pentamers that form a T = 7 icosahedral particle, but the location of the co-assembled minor capsid protein, L2, remains controversial. Several researchers have developed useful monoclonal antibodies targeting L2, but most react with linear epitopes toward the N-terminus. As a means to better define the virus capsid and better assess the localization and exposure of L2 epitopes in the context of assembled HPV, we have developed a panel of 30 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) which target the N-terminus of L2 amino acids 11-200, previously defined as a broadly protective immunogen. Select mAbs were processed with enzymes and anti-L2 Fabs were generated. These new mAb/Fab probes will be beneficial in future studies to unravel the placement of L2 and to help better define the role of L2 in the HPV lifecycle and the nature of the broadly protective epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Bywaters
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - S A Brendle
- Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - J Biryukov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - J W Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - J Walston
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - J Milici
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - R B Roden
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - C Meyers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - N D Christensen
- Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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12
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Zhang Y, He Y, Li L, Liang S, Yan M, Ren D, Yang Z, Zhao W, Miao L, Zhang H, Liu Y. Development and characterization of an HPV18 detection kit using two novel HPV18 type-specific monoclonal antibodies. Diagn Pathol 2018; 13:55. [PMID: 30115088 PMCID: PMC6097307 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-018-0727-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HPV 18 is one of the most prevalent oncogenic types, only second to HPV 16, and included in the licensed vaccines on the market. In this study, we describe the production and characterization of a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to HPV18. Methods The immunocompetence of 1B1 and 4C2 mAbs for HPV L1 protein was evaluated by SDS-PAGE analysis, neutralization assays, affinity identification, and ELISA. The 1B1 and 4C2 genes were sequenced and analyzed. Finally, the detection kit with the two mAbs was assessed for linearity, repeatability and specificity. Results Both mAbs specifically recognized HPV18 L1 and virus-like particles (VLPs). These mAbs are conformation-neutralizing antibodies that have high affinity and type specificity. Based on these characteristics of these mAbs, we developed an ELISA kit for specifically detecting HPV 18 antigen. We showed that this kit displayed good linearity, repeatability and sensitivity for detecting HPV18 L1 pentamer and HPV18 VLP. Conclusions We characterized two monoclonal neutralizing antibodies for HPV L1 protein, and developed an ELISA kit for specifically detecting HPV 18 antigen. This newly developed kit can be used to monitor the potency of HPV vaccines throughout the entire production process as well as preliminary analysis of HPV18 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- Beijing Health Guard Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Unit 201 & 202, Block 2, Longsheng Industrial Park, 7 Rongchang East Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Area, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye He
- Beijing Health Guard Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Unit 201 & 202, Block 2, Longsheng Industrial Park, 7 Rongchang East Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Area, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- Beijing Health Guard Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Unit 201 & 202, Block 2, Longsheng Industrial Park, 7 Rongchang East Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Area, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Shutian Liang
- Beijing Health Guard Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Unit 201 & 202, Block 2, Longsheng Industrial Park, 7 Rongchang East Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Area, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Yan
- Beijing Health Guard Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Unit 201 & 202, Block 2, Longsheng Industrial Park, 7 Rongchang East Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Area, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyan Ren
- Beijing Health Guard Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Unit 201 & 202, Block 2, Longsheng Industrial Park, 7 Rongchang East Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Area, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengmin Yang
- Beijing Health Guard Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Unit 201 & 202, Block 2, Longsheng Industrial Park, 7 Rongchang East Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Area, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Zhao
- Beijing Health Guard Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Unit 201 & 202, Block 2, Longsheng Industrial Park, 7 Rongchang East Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Area, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Luyan Miao
- Beijing Health Guard Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Unit 201 & 202, Block 2, Longsheng Industrial Park, 7 Rongchang East Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Area, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijiang Zhang
- Beijing Health Guard Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Unit 201 & 202, Block 2, Longsheng Industrial Park, 7 Rongchang East Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Area, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongjiang Liu
- Beijing Health Guard Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Unit 201 & 202, Block 2, Longsheng Industrial Park, 7 Rongchang East Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Area, Daxing District, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Chen X, Zhang T, Liu H, Hao Y, Liao G, Xu X. Displaying 31RG-1 peptide on the surface of HPV16 L1 by use of a human papillomavirus chimeric virus-like particle induces cross-neutralizing antibody responses in mice. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2018; 14:2025-2033. [PMID: 29683766 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1464355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Current available human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are based on the major capsid protein L1 virus-like particles (VLPs), which mainly induce type-specific neutralizing antibodies against vaccine types. Continuing to add more types of VLPs in a vaccine raises the complexity and cost of production which remains the principal impediment to achieve broad implementation of HPV vaccines, particularly in developing regions. In this study, we constructed 16L1-31L2 chimeric VLP (cVLP) by displaying HPV31 L2 aa.17-38 on the h4 coil surface region of HPV16 L1, and assessed its immunogenicity in mouse model. We found that the cVLP adjuvanted with alum plus monophosphoryl lipid A could induce cross-neutralizing antibody responses against 16 out of 17 tested HPV pseudoviruses, and the titer against HPV16 was as high as that was induced by HPV16 L1VLP (titer > 105), more importantly, titers over 103 were observed against two HR-HPVs including HPV31 (titer, 2,200) and -59 (titer, 1,013), among which HPV59 was not covered by Gardasil-9, and medium or low titers of cross-neutralizing antibodies against other 13 tested HPV pseudoviruses were also observed. Our data demonstrate that 16L1-31L2 cVLP is a promising candidate for the formulation of broader spectrum HPV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Chen
- a Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology , Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China
| | - Ting Zhang
- a Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology , Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- a Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology , Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China
| | - Yaru Hao
- a Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology , Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China
| | - Guoyang Liao
- b The Fifth Department of Biological Products , Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College , Yunnan , China
| | - Xuemei Xu
- a Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology , Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China
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A Dual-Type L2 11-88 Peptide from HPV Types 16/18 Formulated in Montanide ISA 720 Induced Strong and Balanced Th1/Th2 Immune Responses, Associated with High Titers of Broad Spectrum Cross-Reactive Antibodies in Vaccinated Mice. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:9464186. [PMID: 29854852 PMCID: PMC5960516 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9464186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
E. coli-derived concatenated, multitype L2-conserved epitopes of human papillomavirus (HPV) L2 protein might represent a less expensive and pan-type vaccine alternative (compared to type-specific HPV L1 virus-like particles), if stable protein expression and strong immunogenicity features could be met. Herein, three dual-type- (DT-) HPV L2 fusion peptides comprising the three head-to-tail tandem repeats (multimers) of either HPV 16 epitope “17-36” or “69-81” or one copy (monomer) of 11-88 fused to the same residues of HPV 18 were constructed and expressed in E. coli. SDS-PAGE and Western blot analyses indicated the proper expression and stability of the E. coli-derived DT peptides. Mice immunized by formulation of the purified DT peptides and Freund's adjuvant (CFA/IFA) raised neutralizing antibodies (NAbs; the highest for DT: 11-88 peptide) which showed proper cross-reactivity to HPV types: 18, 16, 31, and 45 and efficiently neutralized HPV 18/16 pseudoviruses in vitro. Immunization studies in mice by formulation of the DT: 11-88 × 1 peptide with various adjuvants (alum, MF59, and Montanides ISA 720 and 50) indicated that Montanide adjuvants elicited the highest cross-reactive titers of NAbs and similar levels of IgG1 and IgG2a (switching towards balanced Th1/Th2 responses). The results implied development of low-cost E. coli-derived DT: 11-88 peptide formulated in human compatible ISA 720 adjuvant as a HPV vaccine.
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15
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Xu WX, Wang J, Tang HP, Chen LH, Lian WB, Zhan JM, Gupta SK, Ji CN, Gu SH, Xie Y. A simpler and more cost-effective peptide biosynthetic method using the truncated GST as carrier for epitope mapping. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186097. [PMID: 29023483 PMCID: PMC5638316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to develop better methods for epitope mapping and/or identification of antibody-recognizing motifs. Here, we describe improved biosynthetic peptide (BSP) method using a newly developed plasmid pXXGST-3 as vector, which has a viral E7 gene in the cloning sites of pXXGST-1. It is crucial to employ pXXGST-3 instead of pXXGST-1, since it makes use of the BSP method simpler and easier to perform, and more cost-effective for epitope mapping. These merits are embodied in two aspects: i) convenient recovery of double enzyme-digested product due to the existence of 315 bp inserted between BamH I and Sal I sites, and thus greatly reducing the production of self-ligation clones, and ii) no longer requiring control protein when screening recombinant (r-) clones expressing 8/18mer peptides by running polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The protocol involves the following core steps: (i) design of plus and minus strands of DNA fragments encoding overlapping 8/18mer peptides; (ii) chemical synthesis of the designed DNA fragments; (iii) development of r-clones using pXXGST-3 vector expressing each 8/18mer peptide fused with truncated GST188 protein; (iv) screening r-clones by running the cell pellets from each induced clone on SDS-PAGE gel followed by sequencing of inserted DNA fragments for each verified r-clone; and (v) Western blotting with either monoclonal antibodies or polyclonal antibodies. This improved GST188-BSP method provides a powerful alternative tool for epitope mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Xiang Xu
- Division of Reproductive Immunology, Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (WXX); (SKG); (YX)
| | - Jian Wang
- Division of Reproductive Immunology, Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Ping Tang
- Division of Reproductive Immunology, Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Han Chen
- Division of Reproductive Immunology, Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Bo Lian
- Division of Reproductive Immunology, Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Min Zhan
- Division of Reproductive Immunology, Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Satish K. Gupta
- Reproductive Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail: (WXX); (SKG); (YX)
| | - Chao-Neng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Hua Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (WXX); (SKG); (YX)
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16
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Crystal Structures of Two Immune Complexes Identify Determinants for Viral Infectivity and Type-Specific Neutralization of Human Papillomavirus. mBio 2017; 8:mBio.00787-17. [PMID: 28951471 PMCID: PMC5615192 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00787-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent, high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the primary cause of cervical cancer. Neutralizing antibodies elicited by L1-only virus-like particles (VLPs) can block HPV infection; however, the lack of high-resolution structures has limited our understanding of the mode of virus infection and the requirement for type specificity at the molecular level. Here, we describe two antibodies, A12A3 and 28F10, that specifically bind to and neutralize HPV58 and HPV59, respectively, through two distinct binding stoichiometries. We show that the epitopes of A12A3 are clustered in the DE loops of two adjacent HPV58 L1 monomers, whereas 28F10 recognizes the HPV59 FG loop of a single monomer. Via structure-based mutagenesis and analysis of antibody binding, we further identified the residues HPV58 D154, S168, and N170 and HPV59 M267, Q270, E273, Y276, K278, and R283, which play critical roles in virus infection. By substituting these strategic epitope residues into other HPV genotypes, we could then redirect the type-specific binding of the antibodies to these genotypes, thus highlighting the importance of these specific residues, HPV58 R161, S168, and N308 and HPV59 Q270, E273, and D281. Overall, our findings provide molecular insights into potential structural determinants of HPV required for infectivity and type specificity. High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are considered the major causative pathogens of cancers that affect epithelial mucosa, such as cervical cancer. However, because of the lack of high-resolution structural information on the sites of neutralization, we have yet to determine the precise mode of HPV infection and how different types of HPV cause infection. Our crystal structures in this study have uncovered discrete binding stoichiometries for two different antibodies. We show that one A12A3 Fab binds to the center of one HPV58 pentamer, whereas five 28F10 Fabs bind along the top fringe of one HPV59 pentamer. Furthermore, through targeted epitope analysis, we show that 6 to 7 discontinuous residues of the L1 major capsid protein of HPV are determinants, at least in part, for virus infection and type specificity. This knowledge will help us to unravel the process of HPV infection and can potentially be used to drive the development of therapeutics that target neutralization-sensitive sites.
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17
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Kim HJ, Kim HJ. Current status and future prospects for human papillomavirus vaccines. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 40:1050-1063. [PMID: 28875439 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0952-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer among women worldwide. Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause almost all cervical cancers in low-income countries. Three prophylactic HPV virus-like particle-based vaccines have been licensed to date, and they have all shown high efficacy and reliable safety profiles. However, isolated safety issues have resulted in a reluctance to use these vaccinations. In addition, the high prices of the vaccinations have caused the inequitable distribution of the vaccine: the prices are unaffordable for low-income countries. Meanwhile, great effort has been put into the development of therapeutic HPV vaccines, including protein/peptide-, live vector-, DNA- and cell-based vaccines. These new vaccines have considerable therapeutic potential but limited practical use. The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors and personalized immunotherapy remain challenges for future study. In this article, the current status of the licensed vaccines, therapeutic HPV vaccines and biosimilars, and new platforms for HPV vaccines, are reviewed, and safety issues related to the licensed vaccines are discussed. In addition, the prospects for HPV vaccines are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Hong-Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, South Korea.
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18
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Ahn J, Peng S, Hung CF, Roden RBS, Best SR. Prophylactic immunization with human papillomavirus vaccines induces oral immunity in mice. Laryngoscope 2017; 128:E16-E20. [PMID: 28868617 DOI: 10.1002/lary.26772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although it has been shown that prophylactic vaccination can induce genital immunity, there is inadequate information on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine-induced oral immunity, which is of particular interest due to HPV-associated oropharyngeal malignancies and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Therefore, we assessed the efficacy of various HPV vaccines against oral HPV pseudovirus (PsV) infection in mice. STUDY DESIGN Preclinical scientific investigation. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were vaccinated three times at 2-week intervals with either Gardasil (Merck, Kenilworth, NJ) (50 µL intramuscular injection) or a candidate pan-HPV L2 vaccine with alum adjuvant (25 µg subcutaneous injection). Additional mice were immunized with passive transfer of either Gardasil (Merck) human antisera or nonimmunized sera (100 µL intraperitoneal injection). All vaccinated and naïve control mice were then challenged with HPV16 E6E7 luciferase PsV in the oral mucosa. Visualization of HPV PsV infection was monitored through in vivo luciferase imaging. RESULTS Oral luciferase-expressing HPV16 PsV infection was not detected in Gardasil (Merck), L2 vaccine, and Gardasil (Merck) antisera-immunized mice, whereas robust luciferase expression was observed in all control mice. An in vitro neutralization assay from sera of Gardasil-vaccinated (Merck) mice confirmed that vaccine efficacy was due to neutralizing antibodies. CONCLUSION Oral HPV16 PsV infection in mice was completely prevented with all methods of prophylactic HPV immunization. These findings provide preliminary evidence that human vaccines induce protection against oral HPV infection, which has significant public health implications for HPV-associated oropharyngeal malignancies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA. Laryngoscope, 128:E16-E20, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Ahn
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Shiwen Peng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Richard B S Roden
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Simon R Best
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
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19
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Wang W, An J, Song Y, Wang M, Huang M, Wu L. Distribution and attribution of high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes in cervical precancerous lesions in China. Tumour Biol 2017; 39. [PMID: 28691644 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317707373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
While human papillomavirus vaccine was recently approved by China Food and Drug Administration, mapping of high-risk human papillomavirus distribution and attribution in cervical precancerous lesions in China becomes critical in development of a high-risk human papillomavirus-based cervical cancer screening and prevention strategy. In total, 1016 patients with cervical precancerous lesions diagnosed in the National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were analyzed retrospectively, including 111 patients with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and 905 patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. HPV16, 58, 52, 33, and 31 were the most common high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes in order of decreasing frequency among high-risk human papillomavirus-positive high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions; this differed from the high-risk human papillomavirus distribution in low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HPV16, 52, 39, 56, and 58). The distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes in single-type infections for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HPV16, 58, 33, and 52) was similar to that in multiple-type infections (HPV16, 58, 52, and 33). By contrast, a more diverse distribution spectrum of high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes for low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions was observed between single-type (HPV16, 52, 39, and 56) and multiple-type infection (HPV52, 68, 58, 59, 39 and 56). A previously published method was adopted to calculate the fractional proportion of individual high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes in multiple infections. For this proportional attribution, HPV16 (48.9%), 58 (10.0%), 33 (5.5%), and 52 (5.5%) were the most frequent among all high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, whereas HPV16 (13.2%), 52 (11.6%), 39 (9.5%), and 56 (7.6%) were the most frequent among all low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Differences in high-risk human papillomavirus distribution and proportional attribution in different cervical pathology statuses (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions) demonstrated the critical role of persistent infection of certain high-risk human papillomavirus such as HPV16, 58, 33, and 52 in carcinogenesis of cervical cancer. Distinctively high prevalence of HPV58, 33 and 52 in Chinese cervical intraepithelial neoplasia population, especially in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, should be taken into consideration in cervical cancer screening strategy and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Wang
- 1 Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jusheng An
- 1 Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Song
- 2 Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Minjie Wang
- 3 Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Manni Huang
- 1 Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lingying Wu
- 1 Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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20
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Wang D, Fan F, Li Z, Liu X, Song S, Wei S, He M, Lin Y, Li Z, Wei M, Yu H, Gu Y, Li S, Xia N. Stop codon mutagenesis for homogenous expression of human papillomavirus L1 protein in Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 133:110-120. [PMID: 28267627 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is widely accepted to be the major causative pathogen of cervical cancer, warts, and other epithelial tumors. Virus infection and subsequent disease development can be prevented by vaccination with HPV vaccines derived from eukaryotic expression systems. Here, we report the soluble expression of the major capsid protein L1 of HPV31, a dominant carcinogenic HPV genotype, in Escherichia coli. HPV31 L1 protein and its elongated form (L1+) were observed in SDS-PAGE and CE-SDS analysis, generated by the native HPV31 L1 gene with a TAA stop codon. Replacing the TAA with TAG but not TGA could completely terminate protein translation. Mass spectrometry sequencing showed that L1+ comprised L1 with a C-terminal extension of 38 amino acids (aa). RNA folding analysis revealed that the unfaithful L1+ expression may result from translational read-through, as TAG is more stable and accessible than the other stop codons. The 38-aa elongated fragment perturbs self-assembly of HPV31 L1+, as shown in size and morphology analyses. By 3D cryo-electron microscopy structure determination, we show self-assembly of purified HPV31 L1 (TAG) VLPs into T = 7 icosahedral symmetry particles, resembling the native HPV virion. Finally, through additional characterization and antigenicity/immunogenicity assays, we verified that the E.coli-derived HPV31 VLPs are an ideal immunogen for HPV vaccine development. Our findings outline a codon optimization stratagem for protein expression and provide a method for the in-depth investigation of prokaryotic translation regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Fei Fan
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhihai Li
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xinlin Liu
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Shuo Song
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Shuangping Wei
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Maozhou He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yahua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhongyi Li
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Minxi Wei
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Hai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
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21
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Massa S, Paolini F, Curzio G, Cordeiro MN, Illiano E, Demurtas OC, Franconi R, Venuti A. A plant protein signal sequence improved humoral immune response to HPV prophylactic and therapeutic DNA vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:271-282. [PMID: 28118086 PMCID: PMC5328226 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1264766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal sequences (ss) play a critical role in the sorting of nascent secretory and membrane proteins. This function has been conserved from bacteria through eukaryotes, although ss appear diverse in length and amino acid composition. Sorting of proteins is also critical to instruct antigens for a proper immunological response. Thus, a plant ss was used to drive Human Papillomavirus (HPV) model antigens into the human secretory pathway: the HPV16 E7 oncoprotein, its chimera with the coat protein (CP) of the Potato Virus X (PVX), the first 200 amino acids of the HPV16 minor capsid protein L2 (known to harbour cross-reacting epitopes) and its chimera with E7 gene. These genes were used to transfect HEK-293 cells and to immunize C57BL/6 mice. The ss-provided genes were expressed, and proteins detected by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting. Mouse immunization with DNA constructs carrying the ss elicited a strong humoral response against both E7 and L2 and a weak cell-mediated immunity. To our knowledge this is the first demonstration that a signal sequence derived from a plant can modulate the sorting of a heterologous protein in mammalian cells. This activity in mammalian cells may be responsible for the observed increased humoral response to DNA-based vaccines that are generally weak inducers of IgG response. This might open new perspectives in the design of DNA vaccines, especially to counteract infections where a strong humoral response is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Massa
- ENEA - Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and the Environment, Department of Sustainability, Laboratory of Biotechnologies, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Paolini
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute HPV-UNIT, RIDAIT Dept, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranca Curzio
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute HPV-UNIT, RIDAIT Dept, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Elena Illiano
- University of Milan, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Rome, Italy
| | - Olivia Costantina Demurtas
- ENEA - Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and the Environment, Department of Sustainability, Laboratory of Biotechnologies, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Aldo Venuti
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute HPV-UNIT, RIDAIT Dept, Rome, Italy
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Plant-Based Peroral Vaccines. MULTIFUNCTIONAL SYSTEMS FOR COMBINED DELIVERY, BIOSENSING AND DIAGNOSTICS 2017. [PMCID: PMC7152130 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-52725-5.00010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Data about the development of plant-made peroral vaccines are stated on the base of transgenic plants. Different aspects of plant made vaccines (PMV) with their peculiarities and with a plethora of advantages are discussed, in comparison with traditional vaccines. The results disclosing the characteristics of the creation of PMV of both preventive and therapeutic actions are presented. The role of regulatory genes in the increase of the production of antigenic proteins, and in the activation of the glycosylation that enhances the efficiency of PMV, is discussed, according to preventive and therapeutic vaccines and plantibodies.
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Yang L, Liu Y, Li S, Zhao H, Lin Q, Yu H, Huang X, Zheng Q, Cheng T, Xia N. A novel inactivated enterovirus 71 vaccine can elicit cross-protective immunity against coxsackievirus A16 in mice. Vaccine 2016; 34:5938-5945. [PMID: 27771182 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a highly contagious disease that mainly affects infants and children. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) are the major pathogens of HFMD. Two EV71 vaccines were recently licensed in China and the administration of the EV71 vaccines is believed to significantly reduce the number of HFMD-related severe or fatal cases. However, a monovalent EV71 vaccine cannot cross-protect against CA16 infection, this may result in that it cannot effectively control the overall HFMD epidemic. In this study, a chimeric EV71, whose VP1/210-225 epitope was replaced by that of CA16, was constructed using a reverse genetics technique to produce a candidate EV71/CA16 bivalent vaccine strain. The chimeric EV71 was infectious and showed similar growth characteristics as its parental strain. The replacement of the VP1/210-225 epitope did not significantly affect the antigenicity and immunogenicity of EV71. More importantly, the chimeric EV71 could induce protective immunity against both EV71 and CA16, and protect neonatal mice against either EV71 or CA16 lethal infections, the chimeric EV71 constructed in this study was shown to be a feasible and promising candidate bivalent vaccine against both EV71 and CA16. The construction of a chimeric enterovirus also provides an alternative platform for broad-spectrum HFMD vaccines development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiaona Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiumin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qingbing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Zhang T, Liu H, Chen X, Wang Z, Wang S, Qu C, Zhang J, Xu X. Lipidated L2 epitope repeats fused with a single-chain antibody fragment targeting human FcγRI elicited cross-neutralizing antibodies against a broad spectrum of human papillomavirus types. Vaccine 2016; 34:5531-5539. [PMID: 27729176 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Numerous types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been identified, and the global burden of diseases associated with HPV infection is remarkable, especially in developing regions. Thus a low-cost broad-spectrum prophylactic vaccine is urgently needed. The N-terminal amino acid 17-36 of HPV 16 L2 protein is confirmed to be a major cross-neutralizing epitope (RG-1 epitope). Monomeric proteins containing RG-1 epitopes and scaffold proteins, such as bacterial thioredoxin or modified IgG1 Fc fragment and L2 epitope fusion protein, induced cross-neutralizing antibodies, arousing the possibility of the development of low-cost monomeric vaccine in bacterial expression system. Here we show that a novel immunogen-scaffold protein containing a lipidated triple-repeat HPV 16RG-1 epitope and a hFcγRI specific single-chain antibody fragment (H22scFv), named LpE3H22, elicited high titers of cross-neutralizing antibodies against a broad range of mucosal and cutaneous HPV types when adjuvanted with MF59 and poly I:C. LpE3H22 was produced in E. coli expression system. In contrast to three repeats of RG-1 epitope (E3) and unlipidated fusion protein E3H22, vaccination of LpE3H22 induced robust cross-neutralizing antibody responses in hFcγRI transgenic mice. Furthermore, the neutralizing antibody response induced by LpE3H22 was significantly weaker in WT mice than in the Tg mice. The cross-neutralizing antibodies induced by LpE3H22 sustained for at least 10months in Tg mice. Our results demonstrate that hFcγRI targeting and lipidation both contribute to the enhancement of immunogenicity of L2 antigen. Therefore, delivering the lipidated L2 antigen with H22scFv opens a new avenue for low-cost pan-HPV vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhirong Wang
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunfeng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingzhi Zhang
- Changchun Werersai Biotec Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Changchun, China
| | - Xuemei Xu
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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25
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Zhang X, Wang K, Lin Q, Zheng M, Li Q, Li T, Hong Q, Zheng Q, Yu H, Gu Y, Li S, Xia N. A shared N-terminal hydrophobic tail for the formation of nanoparticulates. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:2289-303. [PMID: 27499052 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Nanoparticulate design is important for the production of nanotechnological materials and passive immunogens. Using lessons from our hepatitis E vaccine, we herein design protein-based nanoparticles through incorporation of an N-terminal hydrophobic tail (NHT, located on HEV ORF2 aa368-460). MATERIALS & METHODS Flu HA1, HIV gp41/gp120/p24, HBsAg and HPV16 L2 were fused with NHT, expressed in Escherichia coli and subjected to self-assembly in vitro. Nanosized particles were characterized by size-exclusion chromatography and negative electron microscopy. Immunogenicity was assessed in mice. RESULTS All the NHT-fused proteins spontaneously formed nanoparticulates and presented with immunogenicity approximately 2-log over their nonassembling forms. CONCLUSION Protein self-assembly provides an attractive means to create nanosized particles that bear specific antigens. Our strategy outlines a novel and shared method for the design of immunogenic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology & Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics & Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kaihang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology & Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qingshan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology & Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Minghua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology & Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology & Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology & Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiyang Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology & Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qingbing Zheng
- National Institute of Diagnostics & Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hai Yu
- National Institute of Diagnostics & Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology & Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics & Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology & Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics & Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology & Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics & Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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26
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Broad Cross-Protection Is Induced in Preclinical Models by a Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Composed of L1/L2 Chimeric Virus-Like Particles. J Virol 2016; 90:6314-25. [PMID: 27147749 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00449-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED At least 15 high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are linked to anogenital preneoplastic lesions and cancer. Currently, there are three licensed prophylactic HPV vaccines based on virus-like particles (VLPs) of the L1 major capsid protein from HPV-2, -4, or -9, including the AS04-adjuvanted HPV-16/18 L1 vaccine. The L2 minor capsid protein contains HPV-neutralizing epitopes that are well conserved across numerous high-risk HPVs. Therefore, the objective of our study was to assess the capacity to broaden vaccine-mediated protection using AS04-adjuvanted vaccines based on VLP chimeras of L1 with one or two L2 epitopes. Several chimeric VLPs were constructed by inserting L2 epitopes within the DE loop and/or C terminus of L1. Based on the shape, yield, size, and immunogenicity, one of seven chimeras was selected for further evaluation in mouse and rabbit challenge models. The chimeric VLP consisted of HPV-18 L1 with insertions of HPV-33 L2 (amino acid residues 17 to 36; L1 DE loop) and HPV-58 L2 (amino acid residues 56 to 75; L1 C terminus). This chimeric L1/L2 VLP vaccine induced persistent immune responses and protected against all of the different HPVs evaluated (HPV-6, -11, -16, -31, -35, -39, -45, -58, and -59 as pseudovirions or quasivirions) in both mouse and rabbit challenge models. The degree and breadth of protection in the rabbit were further enhanced when the chimeric L1/L2 VLP was formulated with the L1 VLPs from the HPV-16/18 L1 vaccine. Therefore, the novel HPV-18 L1/L2 chimeric VLP (alone or in combination with HPV-16 and HPV-18 L1 VLPs) formulated with AS04 has the potential to provide broad protective efficacy in human subjects. IMPORTANCE From evaluations in human papillomavirus (HPV) protection models in rabbits and mice, our study has identified a prophylactic vaccine with the potential to target a wide range of HPVs linked to anogenital cancer. The three currently licensed vaccines contain virus-like particles (VLPs) of the L1 major capsid protein from two, four, or nine different HPVs. Rather than increasing the diversity of L1 VLPs, this vaccine contains VLPs based on a recombinant chimera of two highly conserved neutralizing epitopes from the L2 capsid protein inserted into L1. Our study demonstrated that the chimeric L1/L2 VLP is an effective vehicle for displaying two different L2 epitopes and can be used in a quantity equivalent to what is used in the licensed vaccines. Hence, using the chimeric L1/L2 VLP may be a more cost-effective approach for vaccine formulation than adding different VLPs for each HPV.
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27
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Xia L, Xian Y, Wang D, Chen Y, Huang X, Bi X, Yu H, Fu Z, Liu X, Li S, An Z, Luo W, Zhao Q, Xia N. A human monoclonal antibody against HPV16 recognizes an immunodominant and neutralizing epitope partially overlapping with that of H16.V5. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19042. [PMID: 26750243 PMCID: PMC4707464 DOI: 10.1038/srep19042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of neutralizing epitopes in human papillomavirus (HPV) L1 virus-like particles (VLPs) is the structural basis of prophylactic vaccines. An anti-HPV16 neutralizing monoclonal antibody (N-mAb) 26D1 was isolated from a memory B cell of a human vaccinee. The pre-binding of heparan sulfate to VLPs inhibited the binding of both N-mAbs to the antigen, indicating that the epitopes are critical for viral cell attachment/entry. Hybrid VLP binding with surface loop swapping between types indicated the essential roles of the DE and FG loops for both 26D1 (DEa in particular) and H16.V5 binding. Specifically, Tyr(135) and Val(141) on the DEa loop were shown to be critical residues for 26D1 binding via site-directed mutagenesis. Partially overlap between the epitopes between 26D1 and H16.V5 was shown using pairwise epitope mapping, and their binding difference is demonstrated to be predominantly in DE loop region. In addition, 26D1 epitope is immunodominant epitope recognized by both antibodies elicited by the authentic virus from infected individuals and polyclonal antibodies from vaccinees. Overall, a partially overlapping but distinct neutralizing epitope from that of H16.V5 was identified using a human N-mAb, shedding lights to the antibody arrays as part of human immune response to vaccination and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361105, China
| | - Yangfei Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361105, China
| | - Daning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361105, China
| | - Yuanzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361105, China
| | - Xiaofen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361105, China
| | - Xingjian Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361105, China
| | - Hai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361105, China
| | - Zheng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361105, China
| | - Xinlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361105, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361105, China
| | - Zhiqiang An
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361105, China
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston TX77030, USA
| | - Wenxin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361105, China
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361105, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Science, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361105, China
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28
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Zhang X, Li S, Modis Y, Li Z, Zhang J, Xia N, Zhao Q. Functional assessment and structural basis of antibody binding to human papillomavirus capsid. Rev Med Virol 2015; 26:115-28. [PMID: 26676802 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is linked to cervical cancer. Two prophylactic virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccines have been marketed globally for nearly a decade. Here, we review the HPV pseudovirion (PsV)-based assays for the functional assessment of the HPV neutralizing antibodies and the structural basis for these clinically relevant epitopes. The PsV-based neutralization assay was developed to evaluate the efficacy of neutralization antibodies in sera elicited by vaccination or natural infection or to assess the functional characteristics of monoclonal antibodies. Different antibody binding modes were observed when an antibody was complexed with virions, PsVs or VLPs. The neutralizing epitopes are localized on surface loops of the L1 capsid protein, at various locations on the capsomere. Different neutralization antibodies exert their neutralizing function via different mechanisms. Some antibodies neutralize the virions by inducing conformational changes in the viral capsid, which can result in concealing the binding site for a cellular receptor like 1A1D-2 against dengue virus, or inducing premature genome release like E18 against enterovirus 71. Higher-resolution details on the epitope composition of HPV neutralizing antibodies would shed light on the structural basis of the highly efficacious vaccines and aid the design of next generation vaccines. In-depth understanding of epitope composition would ensure the development of function-indicating assays for the comparability exercise to support process improvement or process scale up. Elucidation of the structural elements of the type-specific epitopes would enable rational design of cross-type neutralization via epitope re-engineering or epitope grafting in hybrid VLPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yorgo Modis
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zhihai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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