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Jdidi H, Dugué B, de Bisschop C, Dupuy O, Douzi W. The effects of cold exposure (cold water immersion, whole- and partial- body cryostimulation) on cardiovascular and cardiac autonomic control responses in healthy individuals: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression. J Therm Biol 2024; 121:103857. [PMID: 38663342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryostimulation and cold-water immersion (CWI) have recently gained widespread attention due to their association with changes in cardiovascular and cardiac autonomic control responses. Therefore, the aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify the global impact of such cold exposures on cardiovascular and cardiac autonomic activity. METHODS Three databases (PubMed, Embase, Web-of-Science) were used. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were conducted on healthy participants using cryostimulation and/or CWI. The outcomes included measurements of blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability (HRV) indices: RR interval (RR), Root mean square of successive RR interval differences (RMSSD), low frequency band (LF), high frequency band (HF), and LF/HF ratio. RESULTS Among the 27 articles included in our systematic literature review, only 24 were incorporated into the meta-analysis. Our results reveal a significant increase in HRV indices: RMSSD (Standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.61, p < 0.001), RR (SMD = 0.77, p < 0.001), and HF (SMD = 0.46, p < 0.001), as well as significantly reduced LF (SMD = -0.41, p < 0.001) and LF/HF ratio (SMD = -0.25, p < 0.01), which persisted up to 15 min following cold exposure. Significantly decreased heart rate (SMD = -0.16, p < 0.05), accompanied by slightly increased mean BP (SMD = 0.28, p < 0.001), was also observed. These results seem to depend on individual characteristics and the cooling techniques. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis suggests that cryostimulation and/or CWI exposure enhance parasympathetic nervous activity. There is scarce scientific literature regarding the effect of individual characteristics on cold-induced physiological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hela Jdidi
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory «Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice (MOVE)-UR 20296», Faculty of Sport Sciences, 86000, Poitiers, France.
| | - Benoit Dugué
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory «Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice (MOVE)-UR 20296», Faculty of Sport Sciences, 86000, Poitiers, France.
| | - Claire de Bisschop
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory «Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice (MOVE)-UR 20296», Faculty of Sport Sciences, 86000, Poitiers, France.
| | - Olivier Dupuy
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory «Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice (MOVE)-UR 20296», Faculty of Sport Sciences, 86000, Poitiers, France; University of Montreal, School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences (EKSAP), Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, QC, HC3 3J7, Canada.
| | - Wafa Douzi
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory «Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice (MOVE)-UR 20296», Faculty of Sport Sciences, 86000, Poitiers, France.
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Machnia M, Douzi W, Jdidi H, Miller E, Dugué B. Impact of regular cold exposure on electrical skin resistance in patients with joint degenerative diseases. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2024; 44:164-170. [PMID: 37861346 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Common features in chronic inflammatory disease patients (CIDP) are inflammation, mental stress (MS), and autonomic nervous system imbalance. Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) exposure and regular physical exercise are known to regulate these features. In this study, we assessed the impact of regular physical exercise and the use of WBC exposure in CIDP on the level of electrical skin resistance (SR) to evaluate the skin sympathetic nervous activity and and estimate MS levels. METHODS SR was evaluated before and after a 10-day-period of daily physical exercise preceded or not by WBC (3 min at -110°C) in two groups of 134 CIDP (WBC vs. non-WBC groups). RESULTS At baseline, the number of severe MS patients was similar in both groups. However, after the training period, the number of severe MS patients significantly decreased in the WBC group, only. An increase in SR (a decrease in stress level) was noted in the WBC group only, and such increase was higher in men than in women and in patients younger than 60 versus patients older than 60 years old. CONCLUSION The use of daily WBC combined with physical exercise induced physiological adaptations and lowered the sympathetic nervous activity that may reflect a reduced level of MS in CIDP. These adaptations seem to depend on gender and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Machnia
- Department of Rehabilitation, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Wafa Douzi
- Laboratory « Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice (MOVE)-UR 20296 », Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Hela Jdidi
- Laboratory « Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice (MOVE)-UR 20296 », Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Elzbieta Miller
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz Milionowa 14, Lodz, Poland
| | - Benoit Dugué
- Laboratory « Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice (MOVE)-UR 20296 », Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Theurot D, Dupuy O, Louis J, Douzi W, Morin R, Arc-Chagnaud C, Dugué B. Partial-body cryostimulation does not impact peripheral microvascular responsiveness but reduces muscular metabolic O 2 consumption (mV˙O 2) at rest. Cryobiology 2023; 112:104561. [PMID: 37499963 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of partial-body cryostimulation (PBC) on microvascular responsiveness and muscular metabolic O2 consumption rate (mV˙O2). Twenty healthy young adults (ten males and ten females) underwent a post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH) test at the flexor digitorum superficialis area before and after a 3-min PBC session and a 3-min control session. Using near-infrared spectroscopy, occlusion and reperfusion slopes were calculated: oxyhemoglobin ([HbO2]) decrease rate ([HbO2] slope 1), deoxyhaemoglobin ([HHb]) increase rate ([HHb] slope 1), [HbO2] increase rate ([HbO2] slope 2), and [HHb] increase rate ([HHb] slope 2. Using HbO2 kinetics during the occlusion, mV˙O2 was also calculated to characterize myocytes' metabolic O2 consumption. HbO2 slope 1 value was lower after PBC than before PBC (-0.15 ± 0.08 vs -0.24 ± 0.11 s-1; respectively; P < 0.05) in male participants only. A lower [HHb] slope 1 was also observed after PBC compared to before PBC (0.18 ± 0.10 vs 0.24 ± 0.16 s-1; P < 0.05) with no interaction for sex categories. mV˙O2 was significantly lower after PBC than before (pre values 14.75 ± 3.94 vs 18.47 ± 5.73 μMO2Hb.s-1; respectively; P < 0.01) with no interaction between sex categories. No changes in the calculated slope 2 were observed. These findings suggest that a single session of PBC reduces the muscular metabolic O2 needs at rest; however, it does not alter the vascular ability to provide O2 to the myocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Theurot
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory MOVE (UR 20296), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Poitiers, France.
| | - Olivier Dupuy
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory MOVE (UR 20296), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Poitiers, France; Ecole de Kinésiologie et des Sciences de l'Activité Physique (EKSAP), Faculté de Medicine, Université de Montreal, Canada
| | - Julien Louis
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Wafa Douzi
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory MOVE (UR 20296), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Poitiers, France
| | - Renée Morin
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Coralie Arc-Chagnaud
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory MOVE (UR 20296), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Poitiers, France
| | - Benoit Dugué
- University of Poitiers, Laboratory MOVE (UR 20296), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Poitiers, France
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De Nardi M, Allemano S, Bisio A, Faelli E, La Torre A, Ruggeri P, Codella R. Thermal responses induced by nitrogen and forced convection based partial-body cryostimulation. J Therm Biol 2023; 115:103620. [PMID: 37364442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Partial Body Cryostimulation (PBC) involves a very cold air flow directed to the body of subjects with minimal clothing. PBC is performed in a rapid timeframe, inside an on-purposed designed cryo-cabin. Recently, cryo-cabins have been built with different energy systems, however a validation study on relative thermal responses is missing. This study was aimed at comparing thermal responses following a PBC in an electrically powered cryo-cabin based on forced convection or into a standard nitrogen-fueled cryo-cabin. In a randomized crossover fashion, thirty-six subjects (F=20; M=16) underwent both cryo-exposures lasting 150 s each. Thermal responses were assessed before and immediately after completing each PBC session. Mixed model analysis of variance revealed a significantly colder temperature after electric PBC in all the body regions (except for the thighs) with respect to a standard nitrogen based PBC (F: 16.4 ± 1.4 vs 18 ± 5.8 °C; M: 16.4 ± 1.7 vs 20.9 ± 4 °C). Moreover, a significant lower thermal discomfort was perceived at the end of electric PBC as compared to that one felt following standard PBC. For the first time, the safety and thermo-effectiveness of an electric cryo-cabin based on forced convection was ensured. This methodology can be viable for practitioners of PBC and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo De Nardi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Allemano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ambra Bisio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy; Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze Motorie, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Emanuela Faelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy; Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze Motorie, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonio La Torre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Piero Ruggeri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy; Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze Motorie, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Codella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.
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Ackermann SP, Raab M, Backschat S, Smith DJC, Javelle F, Laborde S. The diving response and cardiac vagal activity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14183. [PMID: 36219506 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This article aimed to synthesize the various triggers of the diving response and to perform a meta-analysis assessing their effects on cardiac vagal activity. The protocol was preregistered on PROSPERO (CRD42021231419; 01.07.2021). A systematic and meta-analytic review of cardiac vagal activity was conducted, indexed with the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) in the context of the diving response. The search on MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, ProQuest and PsycNet was finalized on November 6th, 2021. Studies with human participants were considered, measuring RMSSD pre- and during and/or post-exposure to at least one trigger of the diving response. Seventeen papers (n = 311) met inclusion criteria. Triggers examined include face immersion or cooling, SCUBA diving, and total body immersion into water. Compared to resting conditions, a significant moderate to large positive effect was found for RMSSD during exposure (Hedges' g = 0.59, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.82, p < .001), but not post-exposure (g = 0.11, 95% CI -0.14 to 0.36, p = .34). Among the considered moderators, total body immersion had a significantly larger effect than forehead cooling (QM = 23.46, df = 1, p < .001). No further differences were detected. Limitations were the small number of studies included, heterogenous triggers, few participants and low quality of evidence. Further research is needed to investigate the role of cardiac sympathetic activity and of the moderators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Peter Ackermann
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Markus Raab
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | - Serena Backschat
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David John Charles Smith
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Javelle
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sylvain Laborde
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,UFR STAPS, EA 4260, Cesams, Normandie Université, Caen, France
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A single session of whole-body cryotherapy boosts maximal cycling performance and enhances vagal drive at rest. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:383-393. [PMID: 36544016 PMCID: PMC9895013 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06528-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) has been reported to maximize physical recovery after exercise and reduce the ensuing muscle damage. In addition, WBC triggers cardiovascular responses leading to an increased vagal drive. Here we tested whether WBC may boost exercise performance as well as post-exercise recovery. Moreover, we compared the effects of WBC and exercise on sympathovagal balance and tested whether these two factors may interact. ECG was recorded in 28 healthy adults who underwent rest, all-out effort on a cycloergometer, 5 min recovery and again rest. After 3-5 days, WBC (3 min exposure to - 150 °C air) was applied and the whole procedure repeated. Total exercise duration was split into the time needed to reach peak power output (tPEAK) and the time to exhaustion (tEXH). The post-exercise exponential decay of HR was characterized by its delay from exercise cessation (tDELAY) and by its time constant (τOFF). Sympathovagal balance was evaluated by measuring HR variability power in the low (LF) and high (HF) frequency bands, both before exercise and after recovery from it. Sympathetic vs. vagal predominance was assessed by the sympathovagal index LFnu. Paired t-tests indicated that WBC increased tEXH and reduced tDELAY, speeding up the HR recovery. These results suggest that WBC may be exploited to boost exercise performance by about 12-14%. ANOVA on HR variability confirmed that exercise shifted the sympathovagal balance towards sympathetic predominance, but it also highlighted that WBC enhanced vagal drive at rest, both before exercise and after full recovery, covering ~ 70% of the exercise effect.
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Impact of acute partial-body cryostimulation on cognitive performance, cerebral oxygenation, and cardiac autonomic activity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7793. [PMID: 33833278 PMCID: PMC8032750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87089-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the effects of a 3-min partial-body cryostimulation (PBC) exposure—where the whole body is exposed to extreme cold, except the head—on cognitive inhibition performance and the possible implications of parasympathetic cardiac control and cerebral oxygenation. In a randomized controlled counterbalanced cross-over design, eighteen healthy young adults (nine males and nine females) completed a cognitive Stroop task before and after one single session of PBC (3-min exposure at − 150 °C cold air) and a control condition (3 min at room temperature, 20 °C). During the cognitive task, heart rate variability (HRV) and cerebral oxygenation of the prefrontal cortex were measured using heart rate monitoring and near-infrared spectroscopy methods. We also recorded the cerebral oxygenation during the PBC session. Stroop performance after PBC exposure was enhanced (562.0 ± 40.2 ms) compared to pre-PBC (602.0 ± 56.4 ms; P < 0.042) in males only, accompanied by an increase (P < 0.05) in HRV indices of parasympathetic tone, in greater proportion in males compared to females. During PBC, cerebral oxygenation decreased in a similar proportion in males and females but the cerebral extraction (deoxyhemoglobin: ΔHHb) remained higher after exposure in males, only. These data demonstrate that a single PBC session enhances the cognitive inhibition performance on a Stroop task in males, partly mediated by a greater parasympathetic cardiac control and greater cerebral oxygenation. The effects of PBC on cognitive function seem different in females, possibly explained by a different sensitivity to cold stimulation.
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Zakynthinos GE, Stavrou VT, Malli F, Papathanasiou IV, Zakynthinos Ε, Gourgoulianis KI, Kalabakas K, Karagiannis D, Basdekis G. The Effect of Whole-Body Cryostimulation in Healthy Adults. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1337:315-321. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78771-4_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Polidori G, Elfahem R, Abbes B, Bogard F, Legrand F, Bouchet B, Beaumont F. Preliminary study on the effect of sex on skin cooling response during whole body cryostimulation (-110 °C): Modeling and prediction of exposure durations. Cryobiology 2020; 97:12-19. [PMID: 33130106 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In order to determine the required duration of whole-body exposure to extreme cold (-110 °C) in males and females for achieving the same cold-induced response, a mathematical model of skin cooling kinetics was developed. This modeling is derived from the implementation of a new experimental cryotherapy protocol to obtain continuous skin temperature maps over time. Each 3-min whole-body cryostimulation session was divided into six incremental sessions of 30 s carried out over six consecutive days. Seventeen young, healthy subjects (8 males aged 22.6 ±3.0 years and 9 females aged 23.7 ±4.7 years) agreed to participate in this study. The smallest sex-related difference in temperature was found in the trunk area (2.93 °C after 3 min) while the greatest temperature drop was found in the lower limbs (5.92 °C after 3 min). The largest temperature variation was observed between the trunk and the lower limbs, and peaked at 2.67 °C in males and 6.99 °C in females. For both sexes, skin cooling kinetics showed a strong transient exponential type decrease followed by linear regression behavior. It appeared that for achieving the same cold-induced response, the required duration of cryostimulation is longer for males. For example, a trunk skin cooling of -12 °C could be achieved in 125s for females vs 170s for males (+36% longer); for the lower limbs, the same skin cooling magnitude could be reached after 87s for females vs 140s for males (+62% longer).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Polidori
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, France
| | - R Elfahem
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, France
| | - B Abbes
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, France
| | - F Bogard
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, France
| | - F Legrand
- C2S, Cognition Health and Society, EA 6291, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France
| | - B Bouchet
- Cryotera, 2 Rue Jules Méline, 51430, Bezannes, France
| | - F Beaumont
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, France.
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Louis J, Theurot D, Filliard JR, Volondat M, Dugué B, Dupuy O. The use of whole-body cryotherapy: time- and dose-response investigation on circulating blood catecholamines and heart rate variability. Eur J Appl Physiol 2020; 120:1733-1743. [PMID: 32474683 PMCID: PMC7340648 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-020-04406-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose A predominance of parasympathetic drive is observed following cold exposure. Such modulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is associated with faster post-exercise recovery. Within this context, whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) has been spreading in sport medicine, though the optimal temperature and frequency are unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of different cryotherapy conditions on the sympathovagal balance. Methods Forty healthy males were randomly assigned into five different groups (− 110 °C, − 60 °C, − 10 °C, control temperature [≃ 24 °C]) and undertook 5 WBC sessions over 5 consecutive days. Cardiac autonomic activity was assessed through heart rate variability (HRV) using power density of high frequency (HF), root-mean square difference of successive R–R intervals (RMSSD) and sympathovagal balance (LF/HF). Systemic sympathetic activity was assessed via circulating blood catecholamines. Results Mean weekly RMSSD (pre: 48 ± 22 ms, post: 68 ± 29 ms) and HF (pre: 607 ± 692 ms2, post: 1271 ± 1180 ms2) increased (p < 0.05) from pre to post WBC, only in the − 110 °C condition. A rise in plasma norepinephrine was found after the first − 110 °C WBC session only (pre: 173 ± 98, post: 352 ± 231 ng L−1, p < 0.01); whereas, it was not significant after the 5th session (pre: 161 ± 120, post: 293 ± 245 ng L−1, p = 0.15). Conclusion These results suggest that one − 110 °C WBC exposure is required to stimulate the ANS. After five daily exposures, a lower autonomic response was recorded compared to day one, therefore suggesting the development of physiological habituation to WBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Louis
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
| | - Dimitri Theurot
- Laboratoire MOVE (EA 6314), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-Robert Filliard
- Medical Department, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), 11 avenue du tremblay, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Marielle Volondat
- Medical Department, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), 11 avenue du tremblay, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Dugué
- Laboratoire MOVE (EA 6314), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Olivier Dupuy
- Laboratoire MOVE (EA 6314), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Trozic I, Platzer D, Fazekas F, Bondarenko AI, Brix B, Rössler A, Goswami N. Postural hemodynamic parameters in older persons have a seasonal dependency : A pilot study. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 53:145-155. [PMID: 30868225 PMCID: PMC7066096 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-019-01525-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aims It is known that blood pressure regulation differs seasonally. It is unknown, however, how the cardiovascular system in patients with a stroke reacts to postural changes in different seasons. The aim was therefore to investigate how different temperatures in cold and warm seasons influence the reactions of haemodynamic mechanisms as well as heart rate variability during a sit-to-stand test in patients with stroke and a control group. Methods Hemodynamic responses were assessed in both groups during a sit-to-stand test (5 min sitting followed by 5 min standing) beat to beat within two different seasons. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean blood pressure (MBP), heart rate (HR), stroke index (SI), cardiac index (CI) and heart rate variability (HRV) were continuously monitored. Results During the sitting baseline period delta values of DBP (+15.1 [Standard error (SE) 3.75] mmHg, p < 0.05) and MBP (+14.35 [SE 4.18] mmHg, p < 0.05) were significantly higher in colder months compared to warmer months whereas SI (−3.86 [SE 1.43] ml/beat/m2, p < 0.05) and CI (−0.4 [SE 0.11] l/min/m2, p < 0.05) were lower in colder months compared to warmer months in non-stroke participants. In patients with stroke during sitting, baseline period delta values of DBP (+19.92 [SE 8.03] mmHg, p < 0.05) and MBP (+19.29 [SE 8.6] mmHg, p < 0.05) were significantly higher in colder months compared to warmer months but SI (−5.43 [SE 1.96] ml/beat/m2, p < 0.05) was significantly lower in colder months compared to warmer months. After standing, there was a significant decrease in SBP in warmer months (−16.84 [SE 4.38] mmHg, p < 0.05) and a decrease in DBP in warmer months (−7.8 [SE 2.3] mmHg, p < 0.05) and colder months (−6.73 [SE 1.5] mmHg, p < 0.05) in non-stroke participants and a decrease in MBP in warmer months (−12.5 [SE 2.8] mmHg, p < 0.05) and colder months (−8.93 [SE 1.8] mmHg, p < 0.05) in non-stroke participants and in warmer months (−14.54 [SE 4.1] mmHg, p < 0.05) in patients with stroke. Conclusion Elderly with and
without stroke respond to orthostatic stress with a greater drop in blood pressure in the warmer seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irhad Trozic
- Gravitational Physiology, Aging and Medicine Research Unit, Physiology Division, Otto Loewi Center of Vascular Biology, Immunity and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, Graz, Austria
| | - Dieter Platzer
- Gottfried Schatz Forschungszentrum, Biophysik, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Franz Fazekas
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Bianca Brix
- Gravitational Physiology, Aging and Medicine Research Unit, Physiology Division, Otto Loewi Center of Vascular Biology, Immunity and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Rössler
- Gravitational Physiology, Aging and Medicine Research Unit, Physiology Division, Otto Loewi Center of Vascular Biology, Immunity and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, Graz, Austria
| | - Nandu Goswami
- Gravitational Physiology, Aging and Medicine Research Unit, Physiology Division, Otto Loewi Center of Vascular Biology, Immunity and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, Graz, Austria. .,Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Partial-body cryostimulation after training improves sleep quality in professional soccer players. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:141. [PMID: 30876470 PMCID: PMC6419922 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present investigation was to determine whether using cryostimulation (partial-body cryostimulation) impacts sleep quality in professional soccer players. Different exposure durations at − 180 °C were tested randomly after standardized training sessions in nine professional soccer players (no cryostimulation, 180-s exposure, two 90-s exposures separated by a 5-min rest at room temperature, and 90-s exposure), and the effects on sleep quality using 3-dimensional accelerometers worn during sleep were assessed. Results The number of movements during the night after partial-body cryostimulation was significantly reduced only in the 180-s exposure condition (p < 0.05, very large effect size) compared with the control condition. Partial-body cryostimulation seems to induce a positive impact on sleep quality that may be dose-dependent. Trial registration Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN12619000330145, date of registration: 4/03/2019. Retrospectively registered
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Hoshikawa M, Dohi M, Nakamura M. Effects of evening partial body cryostimulation on the skin and core temperatures. J Therm Biol 2019; 79:144-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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De Nardi M, Pizzigalli L, Benis R, Caffaro F, Micheletti Cremasco M. Acute Effects of Partial-Body Cryotherapy on Isometric Strength: Maximum Handgrip Strength Evaluation. J Strength Cond Res 2017; 31:3497-3502. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Validation of a new whole-body cryotherapy chamber based on forced convection. J Therm Biol 2017; 65:138-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bouzigon R, Grappe F, Ravier G, Dugue B. Whole- and partial-body cryostimulation/cryotherapy: Current technologies and practical applications. J Therm Biol 2016; 61:67-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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