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The Potential Use of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells as Biomarkers for Treatment Response and Outcome Prediction in Psychiatry: A Systematic Review. Mol Diagn Ther 2021; 25:283-299. [PMID: 33978935 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-021-00516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders have a major impact on the global burden of disease while therapeutic interventions remain insufficient to adequately treat a large number of patients. Regrettably, the efficacy of several psychopharmacological treatment regimens becomes apparent only after 4-6 weeks, and at this point, a significant number of patients present as non-responsive. As such, many patients go weeks/months without appropriate treatment or symptom management. Adequate biomarkers for treatment success and outcome prediction are thus urgently needed. OBJECTIVE With this systematic review, we provide an overview of the use of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and their signaling pathways in evaluating and/or predicting the effectiveness of different treatment regimens in the course of psychiatric illnesses. We highlight PBMC characteristics that (i) reflect treatment presence, (ii) allow differentiation of responders from non-responders, and (iii) prove predictive at baseline with regard to treatment outcome for a broad range of psychiatric intervention strategies. REVIEW METHODS A PubMed database search was performed to extract papers investigating the relation between any type of PBMC characteristic and treatment presence and/or outcome in patients suffering from severe mental illness. Criteria for eligibility were: written in English; psychiatric diagnosis based on DSM-III-R or newer; PBMC isolation via gradient centrifugation; comparison between treated and untreated patients via PBMC features; sample size ≥ n = 5 per experimental group. Papers not researching in vivo treatment effects between patients and healthy controls, non-clinical trials, and non-hypothesis-/data-driven (e.g., -omics designs) approaches were excluded. DATA SYNTHESIS Twenty-nine original articles were included and qualitatively summarized. Antidepressant and antipsychotic treatments were mostly reflected by intracellular inflammatory markers while intervention with mood stabilizers was evidenced through cell maturation pathways. Lastly, cell viability parameters mirrored predominantly non-pharmacological therapeutic strategies. As for response prediction, PBMC (subtype) counts and telomerase activity seemed most promising for antidepressant treatment outcome determination; full length brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/truncated BDNF were shown to be most apt to prognosticate antipsychotic treatment. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that, although inherent limitations to and heterogeneity in study designs in combination with the scarce number of original studies hamper unambiguous identification, several PBMC characteristics-mostly related to inflammatory pathways and cell viability-indeed show promise towards establishment as clinically relevant treatment biomarkers.
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Khayachi A, Schorova L, Alda M, Rouleau GA, Milnerwood AJ. Posttranslational modifications & lithium's therapeutic effect-Potential biomarkers for clinical responses in psychiatric & neurodegenerative disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:424-445. [PMID: 33971223 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Several neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders display aberrant posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of one, or many, proteins. Lithium treatment has been used for mood stabilization for many decades, and is highly effective for large subsets of patients with diverse neurological conditions. However, the differential effectiveness and mode of action are not fully understood. In recent years, studies have shown that lithium alters several protein PTMs, altering their function, and consequently neuronal physiology. The impetus for this review is to outline the links between lithium's therapeutic mode of action and PTM homeostasis. We first provide an overview of the principal PTMs affected by lithium. We then describe several neuropsychiatric disorders in which PTMs have been implicated as pathogenic. For each of these conditions, we discuss lithium's clinical use and explore the putative mechanism of how it restores PTM homeostasis, and thereby cellular physiology. Evidence suggests that determining specific PTM patterns could be a promising strategy to develop biomarkers for disease and lithium responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khayachi
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - L Schorova
- McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Alda
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - G A Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - A J Milnerwood
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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Mustieles V, D'Cruz SC, Couderq S, Rodríguez-Carrillo A, Fini JB, Hofer T, Steffensen IL, Dirven H, Barouki R, Olea N, Fernández MF, David A. Bisphenol A and its analogues: A comprehensive review to identify and prioritize effect biomarkers for human biomonitoring. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:105811. [PMID: 32866736 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Human biomonitoring (HBM) studies have demonstrated widespread and daily exposure to bisphenol A (BPA). Moreover, BPA structural analogues (e.g. BPS, BPF, BPAF), used as BPA replacements, are being increasingly detected in human biological matrices. BPA and some of its analogues are classified as endocrine disruptors suspected of contributing to adverse health outcomes such as altered reproduction and neurodevelopment, obesity, and metabolic disorders among other developmental and chronic impairments. One of the aims of the H2020 European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU) is the implementation of effect biomarkers at large scales in future HBM studies in a systematic and standardized way, in order to complement exposure data with mechanistically-based biomarkers of early adverse effects. This review aimed to identify and prioritize existing biomarkers of effect for BPA, as well as to provide relevant mechanistic and adverse outcome pathway (AOP) information in order to cover knowledge gaps and better interpret effect biomarker data. A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed to identify all the epidemiologic studies published in the last 10 years addressing the potential relationship between bisphenols exposure and alterations in biological parameters. A total of 5716 references were screened, out of which, 119 full-text articles were analyzed and tabulated in detail. This work provides first an overview of all epigenetics, gene transcription, oxidative stress, reproductive, glucocorticoid and thyroid hormones, metabolic and allergy/immune biomarkers previously studied. Then, promising effect biomarkers related to altered neurodevelopmental and reproductive outcomes including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), kisspeptin (KiSS), and gene expression of nuclear receptors are prioritized, providing mechanistic insights based on in vitro, animal studies and AOP information. Finally, the potential of omics technologies for biomarker discovery and its implications for risk assessment are discussed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort to comprehensively identify bisphenol-related biomarkers of effect for HBM purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Mustieles
- University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Shereen Cynthia D'Cruz
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Stephan Couderq
- Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Département "Adaptation du Vivant", UMR 7221 MNHN/CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75006, France
| | | | - Jean-Baptiste Fini
- Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Département "Adaptation du Vivant", UMR 7221 MNHN/CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75006, France
| | - Tim Hofer
- Section of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222 Skøyen, NO-0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger-Lise Steffensen
- Section of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222 Skøyen, NO-0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Hubert Dirven
- Section of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222 Skøyen, NO-0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Robert Barouki
- University Paris Descartes, ComUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM, National Institute of Health & Medical Research) UMR S-1124, Paris, France
| | - Nicolás Olea
- University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Arthur David
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France.
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Pisanu C, Merkouri Papadima E, Melis C, Congiu D, Loizedda A, Orrù N, Calza S, Orrù S, Carcassi C, Severino G, Ardau R, Chillotti C, Del Zompo M, Squassina A. Whole Genome Expression Analyses of miRNAs and mRNAs Suggest the Involvement of miR-320a and miR-155-3p and their Targeted Genes in Lithium Response in Bipolar Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236040. [PMID: 31801218 PMCID: PMC6928759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium is the mainstay in the maintenance of bipolar disorder (BD) and the most efficacious pharmacological treatment in suicide prevention. Nevertheless, its use is hampered by a high interindividual variability and important side effects. Genetic and epigenetic factors have been suggested to modulate lithium response, but findings so far have not allowed identifying molecular targets with predictive value. In this study we used next generation sequencing to measure genome-wide miRNA expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines from BD patients excellent responders (ER, n = 12) and non-responders (NR, n = 12) to lithium. These data were integrated with microarray genome-wide expression data to identify pairs of miRNA/mRNA inversely and significantly correlated. Significant pairs were prioritized based on strength of association and in-silico miRNA target prediction analyses to select candidates for validation with qRT-PCR. Thirty-one miRNAs were differentially expressed in ER vs. NR and inversely correlated with 418 genes differentially expressed between the two groups. A total of 331 of these correlations were also predicted by in-silico algorithms. miR-320a and miR-155-3p, as well as three of their targeted genes (CAPNS1 (Calpain Small Subunit 1) and RGS16 (Regulator of G Protein Signaling 16) for miR-320, SP4 (Sp4 Transcription Factor) for miR-155-3p) were validated. These miRNAs and mRNAs were previously implicated in psychiatric disorders (miR-320a and SP4), key processes of the central nervous system (CAPNS1, RGS16, SP4) or pathways involved in mental illnesses (miR-155-3p). Using an integrated approach, we identified miRNAs and their targeted genes potentially involved in lithium response in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pisanu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (C.P.); (E.M.P.); (C.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.); (M.D.Z.)
| | - Eleni Merkouri Papadima
- Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (C.P.); (E.M.P.); (C.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.); (M.D.Z.)
| | - Carla Melis
- Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (C.P.); (E.M.P.); (C.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.); (M.D.Z.)
| | - Donatella Congiu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (C.P.); (E.M.P.); (C.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.); (M.D.Z.)
| | - Annalisa Loizedda
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (C.N.R.), Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (I.R.G.B.), Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Nicola Orrù
- Medical Genetics, R. Binaghi Hospital, ASSL Cagliari, ATS Sardegna, 09021 Cagliari, Italy; (N.O.); (S.O.); (C.C.)
| | - Stefano Calza
- Unit of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy;
- Big & Open Data Innovation Laboratory, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Sandro Orrù
- Medical Genetics, R. Binaghi Hospital, ASSL Cagliari, ATS Sardegna, 09021 Cagliari, Italy; (N.O.); (S.O.); (C.C.)
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carlo Carcassi
- Medical Genetics, R. Binaghi Hospital, ASSL Cagliari, ATS Sardegna, 09021 Cagliari, Italy; (N.O.); (S.O.); (C.C.)
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Severino
- Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (C.P.); (E.M.P.); (C.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.); (M.D.Z.)
| | - Raffaella Ardau
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology of the University Hospital of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (R.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Caterina Chillotti
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology of the University Hospital of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (R.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Maria Del Zompo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (C.P.); (E.M.P.); (C.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.); (M.D.Z.)
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology of the University Hospital of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (R.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (C.P.); (E.M.P.); (C.M.); (D.C.); (G.S.); (M.D.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-070-675-4323
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