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Chimeric Virus-like Particles Co-Displaying Hemagglutinin Stem and the C-Terminal Fragment of DnaK Confer Heterologous Influenza Protection in Mice. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102109. [PMID: 36298664 PMCID: PMC9610613 DOI: 10.3390/v14102109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) stem is currently regarded as an extremely promising immunogen for designing universal influenza vaccines. The appropriate antigen-presenting vaccine vector would be conducive to increasing the immunogenicity of the HA stem antigen. In this study, we generated chimeric virus-like particles (cVLPs) co-displaying the truncated C-terminal of DnaK from Escherichia coli and H1 stem or full-length H1 antigen using the baculovirus expression system. Transmission electronic micrography revealed the expression and presentation of H1 stem antigens on the surface of VLPs. Vaccinations of mice with the H1 stem cVLPs induced H1-specific immune responses and provided heterologous immune protection in vivo, which was more effective than vaccinations with VLPs displaying H1 stem alone in protecting mice against weight loss as well as increasing survival rates after lethal influenza viral challenge. The results indicate that the incorporation of the truncated C-terminal of DnaK as an adjuvant protein into the cVLPs significantly enhances the H1-specific immunity and immune protection. We have explicitly identified the VLP platform as an effective way of expressing HA stem antigen and revealed that chimeric VLP is an vaccine vector for developing HA stem-based universal influenza vaccines.
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2
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Wang Y, Zhang G, Zhong L, Qian M, Wang M, Cui R. Filamentous bacteriophages, natural nanoparticles, for viral vaccine strategies. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:5942-5959. [PMID: 35389413 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr08064d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Filamentous bacteriophages are natural nanoparticles formed by the self-assembly of structural proteins that have the capability of replication and infection. They are used as a highly efficient vaccine platform to enhance immunogenicity and effectively stimulate the innate and adaptive immune response. Compared with traditional vaccines, phage-based vaccines offer thermodynamic stability, biocompatibility, homogeneity, high carrying capacity, self-assembly, scalability, and low toxicity. This review summarizes recent research on phage-based vaccines in virus prevention. In addition, the expression systems of filamentous phage-based virus vaccines and their application principles are discussed. Moreover, the prospect of the prevention of emerging infectious diseases, such as coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicun Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Guangxin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Lili Zhong
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Min Qian
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130024, China.
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3
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Abstract
Although the need for a universal influenza vaccine has long been recognized, only a handful of candidates have been identified so far, with even fewer advancing in the clinical pipeline. The 24–amino acid ectodomain of M2 protein (M2e) has been developed over the past two decades. However, M2e-based vaccine candidates have shortcomings, including the need for several administrations and the lack of sustained antibody titers over time. We report here a vaccine targeting strategy that has the potential to confer sustained and strong protection upon a single shot of a small amount of M2e antigen. The current COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of developing versatile, powerful platforms for the rapid deployment of vaccines against any incoming threat. Influenza, commonly referred to as “flu,” is a major global public health concern and a huge economic burden to societies. Current influenza vaccines need to be updated annually to match circulating strains, resulting in low take-up rates and poor coverage due to inaccurate prediction. Broadly protective universal flu vaccines that do not need to be updated annually have therefore been pursued. The highly conserved 24–amino acid ectodomain of M2 protein (M2e) is a leading candidate, but its poor immunogenicity has been a major roadblock in its clinical development. Here, we report a targeting strategy that shuttles M2e to a specific dendritic cell subset (cDC1) by engineering a recombinant anti-Clec9A monoclonal antibody fused at each of its heavy chains with three copies of M2e. Single administration in mice of 2 µg of the Clec9A–M2e construct triggered an exceptionally sustained anti-M2e antibody response and resulted in a strong anamnestic protective response upon influenza challenge. Furthermore, and importantly, Clec9A–M2e immunization significantly boosted preexisting anti-M2e titers from prior flu exposure. Thus, the Clec9A-targeting strategy allows antigen and dose sparing, addressing the shortcomings of current M2e vaccine candidates. As the cDC1 subset exists in humans, translation to humans is an exciting and realistic avenue.
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4
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Freeman KG, Wetzel KS, Zhang Y, Zack KM, Jacobs-Sera D, Walters SM, Barbeau DJ, McElroy AK, Williams JV, Hatfull GF. A Mycobacteriophage-Based Vaccine Platform: SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Expression and Display. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2414. [PMID: 34946016 PMCID: PMC8704799 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The explosion of SARS-CoV-2 infections in 2020 prompted a flurry of activity in vaccine development and exploration of various vaccine platforms, some well-established and some new. Phage-based vaccines were described previously, and we explored the possibility of using mycobacteriophages as a platform for displaying antigens of SARS-CoV-2 or other infectious agents. The potential advantages of using mycobacteriophages are that a large and diverse variety of them have been described and genomically characterized, engineering tools are available, and there is the capacity to display up to 700 antigen copies on a single particle approximately 100 nm in size. The phage body may itself be a good adjuvant, and the phages can be propagated easily, cheaply, and to high purity. Furthermore, the recent use of these phages therapeutically, including by intravenous administration, suggests an excellent safety profile, although efficacy can be restricted by neutralizing antibodies. We describe here the potent immunogenicity of mycobacteriophage Bxb1, and Bxb1 recombinants displaying SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista G. Freeman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (K.G.F.); (K.S.W.); (K.M.Z.); (D.J.-S.)
| | - Katherine S. Wetzel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (K.G.F.); (K.S.W.); (K.M.Z.); (D.J.-S.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (Y.Z.); (S.M.W.); (A.K.M.); (J.V.W.)
- Center for Vaccine Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA;
| | - Kira M. Zack
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (K.G.F.); (K.S.W.); (K.M.Z.); (D.J.-S.)
| | - Deborah Jacobs-Sera
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (K.G.F.); (K.S.W.); (K.M.Z.); (D.J.-S.)
| | - Sara M. Walters
- UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (Y.Z.); (S.M.W.); (A.K.M.); (J.V.W.)
| | - Dominique J. Barbeau
- Center for Vaccine Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA;
| | - Anita K. McElroy
- UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (Y.Z.); (S.M.W.); (A.K.M.); (J.V.W.)
- Center for Vaccine Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA;
| | - John V. Williams
- UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (Y.Z.); (S.M.W.); (A.K.M.); (J.V.W.)
- Center for Vaccine Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA;
| | - Graham F. Hatfull
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (K.G.F.); (K.S.W.); (K.M.Z.); (D.J.-S.)
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5
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Li M, Guo P, Chen C, Feng H, Zhang W, Gu C, Wen G, Rao VB, Tao P. Bacteriophage T4 Vaccine Platform for Next-Generation Influenza Vaccine Development. Front Immunol 2021; 12:745625. [PMID: 34712234 PMCID: PMC8546227 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.745625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing influenza vaccines that protect against a broad range of viruses is a global health priority. Several conserved viral proteins or domains have been identified as promising targets for such vaccine development. However, none of the targets is sufficiently immunogenic to elicit complete protection, and vaccine platforms that can enhance immunogenicity and deliver multiple antigens are desperately needed. Here, we report proof-of-concept studies for the development of next-generation influenza vaccines using the bacteriophage T4 virus-like particle (VLP) platform. Using the extracellular domain of influenza matrix protein 2 (M2e) as a readout, we demonstrate that up to ~1,281 M2e molecules can be assembled on a 120 x 86 nanometer phage capsid to generate M2e-T4 VLPs. These M2e-decorated nanoparticles, without any adjuvant, are highly immunogenic, stimulate robust humoral as well as cellular immune responses, and conferred complete protection against lethal influenza virus challenge. Potentially, additional conserved antigens could be incorporated into the M2e-T4 VLPs and mass-produced in E. coli in a short amount of time to deal with an emerging influenza pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengling Li
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Division of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hongshan Lab, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengju Guo
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Division of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hongshan Lab, Wuhan, China
| | - Cen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Division of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hongshan Lab, Wuhan, China
| | - Helong Feng
- Division of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanpo Zhang
- Division of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changqin Gu
- Division of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoyuan Wen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Venigalla B Rao
- Bacteriophage Medical Research Center, Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Pan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Division of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hongshan Lab, Wuhan, China
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6
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Intranasal Nanoparticle Vaccination Elicits a Persistent, Polyfunctional CD4 T Cell Response in the Murine Lung Specific for a Highly Conserved Influenza Virus Antigen That Is Sufficient To Mediate Protection from Influenza Virus Challenge. J Virol 2021; 95:e0084121. [PMID: 34076479 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00841-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung-localized CD4 T cells play a critical role in the control of influenza virus infection and can provide broadly protective immunity. However, current influenza vaccination strategies primarily target influenza hemagglutinin (HA) and are administered peripherally to induce neutralizing antibodies. We have used an intranasal vaccination strategy targeting the highly conserved influenza nucleoprotein (NP) to elicit broadly protective lung-localized CD4 T cell responses. The vaccine platform consists of a self-assembling nanolipoprotein particle (NLP) linked to NP with an adjuvant. We have evaluated the functionality, in vivo localization, and persistence of the T cells elicited. Our study revealed that intranasal vaccination elicits a polyfunctional subset of lung-localized CD4 T cells that persist long term. A subset of these lung CD4 T cells localize to the airway, where they can act as early responders following encounter with cognate antigen. Polyfunctional CD4 T cells isolated from airway and lung tissue produce significantly more effector cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α, as well as cytotoxic functionality. When adoptively transferred to naive recipients, CD4 T cells from NLP:NP-immunized lung were sufficient to mediate 100% survival from lethal challenge with H1N1 influenza virus. IMPORTANCE Exploiting new, more efficacious strategies to potentiate influenza virus-specific immune responses is important, particularly for at-risk populations. We have demonstrated the promise of direct intranasal protein vaccination to establish long-lived immunity in the lung with CD4 T cells that possess features and positioning in the lung that are associated with both immediate and long-term immunity, as well as demonstrating direct protective potential.
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7
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Samal S, Shrivastava T, Sonkusre P, Rizvi ZA, Kumar R, Ahmed S, Vishwakarma P, Yadav N, Bansal M, Chauhan K, Pokhrel S, Das S, Tambare P, Awasthi A. Tetramerizing tGCN4 domain facilitates production of Influenza A H1N1 M2e higher order soluble oligomers that show enhanced immunogenicity in vivo. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:14352-14366. [PMID: 32817314 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
One strategy for the development of a next generation influenza vaccine centers upon using conserved domains of the virus to induce broader and long-lasting immune responses. The production of artificial proteins by mimicking native-like structures has shown to be a promising approach for vaccine design against diverse enveloped viruses. The amino terminus of influenza A virus matrix 2 ectodomain (M2e) is highly conserved among influenza subtypes, and previous studies have shown M2e-based vaccines are strongly immunogenic, making it an attractive target for further exploration. We hypothesized that stabilizing M2e protein in the mammalian system might influence the immunogenicity of M2e with the added advantage to robustly produce the large scale of proteins with native-like fold and hence can act as an efficient vaccine candidate. In this study, we created an engineered construct in which the amino terminus of M2e is linked to the tetramerizing domain tGCN4, expressed the construct in a mammalian system, and tested for immunogenicity in BALB/c mice. We have also constructed a stand-alone M2e construct (without tGCN4) and compared the protein expressed in mammalian cells and in Escherichia coli using in vitro and in vivo methods. The mammalian-expressed protein was found to be more stable, more antigenic than the E. coli protein, and form higher-order oligomers. In an intramuscular protein priming and boosting regimen in mice, these proteins induced high titers of antibodies and elicited a mixed Th1/Th2 response. These results highlight the mammalian-expressed M2e soluble proteins as a promising vaccine development platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweety Samal
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, Faridabad, India
| | - Tripti Shrivastava
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, Faridabad, India
| | - Praveen Sonkusre
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zaigham Abbas Rizvi
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, Faridabad, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, Faridabad, India
| | - Shubbir Ahmed
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, Faridabad, India
| | - Preeti Vishwakarma
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, Faridabad, India
| | - Naveen Yadav
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, Faridabad, India
| | - Manish Bansal
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, Faridabad, India
| | - Kanchana Chauhan
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, Faridabad, India
| | - Sebanta Pokhrel
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, Faridabad, India
| | - Supratik Das
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, Faridabad, India
| | - Padmakar Tambare
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, Faridabad, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, Faridabad, India
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8
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Wei J, Li Z, Yang Y, Ma X, An W, Ma G, Su Z, Zhang S. A biomimetic VLP influenza vaccine with interior NP/exterior M2e antigens constructed through a temperature shift-based encapsulation strategy. Vaccine 2020; 38:5987-5996. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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9
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Khalaj‐Hedayati A, Chua CLL, Smooker P, Lee KW. Nanoparticles in influenza subunit vaccine development: Immunogenicity enhancement. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2020; 14:92-101. [PMID: 31774251 PMCID: PMC6928032 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The threat of novel influenza infections has sparked research efforts to develop subunit vaccines that can induce a more broadly protective immunity by targeting selected regions of the virus. In general, subunit vaccines are safer but may be less immunogenic than whole cell inactivated or live attenuated vaccines. Hence, novel adjuvants that boost immunogenicity are increasingly needed as we move toward the era of modern vaccines. In addition, targeting, delivery, and display of the selected antigens on the surface of professional antigen-presenting cells are also important in vaccine design and development. The use of nanosized particles can be one of the strategies to enhance immunogenicity as they can be efficiently recognized by antigen-presenting cells. They can act as both immunopotentiators and delivery system for the selected antigens. This review will discuss on the applications, advantages, limitations, and types of nanoparticles (NPs) used in the preparation of influenza subunit vaccine candidates to enhance humoral and cellular immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atin Khalaj‐Hedayati
- School of BiosciencesFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesTaylor's UniversitySubang JayaMalaysia
| | - Caroline Lin Lin Chua
- School of BiosciencesFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesTaylor's UniversitySubang JayaMalaysia
| | - Peter Smooker
- Department of Biosciences and Food TechnologySchool of ScienceRMIT UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
| | - Khai Wooi Lee
- School of BiosciencesFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesTaylor's UniversitySubang JayaMalaysia
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10
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Mezhenskaya D, Isakova-Sivak I, Rudenko L. M2e-based universal influenza vaccines: a historical overview and new approaches to development. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:76. [PMID: 31629405 PMCID: PMC6800501 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The influenza A virus was isolated for the first time in 1931, and the first attempts to develop a vaccine against the virus began soon afterwards. In addition to causing seasonal epidemics, influenza viruses can cause pandemics at random intervals, which are very hard to predict. Vaccination is the most effective way of preventing the spread of influenza infection. However, seasonal vaccination is ineffective against pandemic influenza viruses because of antigenic differences, and it takes approximately six months from isolation of a new virus to develop an effective vaccine. One of the possible ways to fight the emergence of pandemics may be by using a new type of vaccine, with a long and broad spectrum of action. The extracellular domain of the M2 protein (M2e) of influenza A virus is a conservative region, and an attractive target for a universal influenza vaccine. This review gives a historical overview of the study of M2 protein, and summarizes the latest developments in the preparation of M2e-based universal influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Mezhenskaya
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 12 Acad. Pavlov Street, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - Irina Isakova-Sivak
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 12 Acad. Pavlov Street, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia.
| | - Larisa Rudenko
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 12 Acad. Pavlov Street, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
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11
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Jang YH, Seong BL. The Quest for a Truly Universal Influenza Vaccine. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:344. [PMID: 31649895 PMCID: PMC6795694 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an unmet public health need for a universal influenza vaccine (UIV) to provide broad and durable protection from influenza virus infections. The identification of broadly protective antibodies and cross-reactive T cells directed to influenza viral targets present a promising prospect for the development of a UIV. Multiple targets for cross-protection have been identified in the stalk and head of hemagglutinin (HA) to develop a UIV. Recently, neuraminidase (NA) has received significant attention as a critical component for increasing the breadth of protection. The HA stalk-based approaches have shown promising results of broader protection in animal studies, and their feasibility in humans are being evaluated in clinical trials. Mucosal immune responses and cross-reactive T cell immunity across influenza A and B viruses intrinsic to live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) have emerged as essential features to be incorporated into a UIV. Complementing the weakness of the stand-alone approaches, prime-boost vaccination combining HA stalk, and LAIV is under clinical evaluation, with the aim to increase the efficacy and broaden the spectrum of protection. Preexisting immunity in humans established by prior exposure to influenza viruses may affect the hierarchy and magnitude of immune responses elicited by an influenza vaccine, limiting the interpretation of preclinical data based on naive animals, necessitating human challenge studies. A consensus is yet to be achieved on the spectrum of protection, efficacy, target population, and duration of protection to define a “universal” vaccine. This review discusses the recent advancements in the development of UIVs, rationales behind cross-protection and vaccine designs, and challenges faced in obtaining balanced protection potency, a wide spectrum of protection, and safety relevant to UIVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo Han Jang
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Baik Lin Seong
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Vaccine Translational Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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12
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Sun W, Zheng A, Miller R, Krammer F, Palese P. An Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine Approach to Targeting the Conserved Hemagglutinin Stalk and M2e Domains. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:vaccines7030117. [PMID: 31540436 PMCID: PMC6789539 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7030117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Universal influenza virus vaccine candidates that focus on the conserved hemagglutinin (HA) stalk domain and the extracellular domain of the matrix protein 2 (M2e) have been developed to increase the breadth of protection against multiple strains. In this study, we report a novel inactivated influenza virus vaccine approach that combines these two strategies. We inserted a human consensus M2e epitope into the immunodominant antigenic site (Ca2 site) of three different chimeric HAs (cHAs). Sequential immunization with inactivated viruses containing these modified cHAs substantially enhanced M2e antibody responses while simultaneously boosting stalk antibody responses. The combination of additional M2e antibodies with HA stalk antibodies resulted in superior antibody-mediated protection in mice against challenge viruses expressing homologous or heterosubtypic hemagglutinin and neuraminidase compared to vaccination strategies that targeted the HA stalk or M2e epitopes in isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Sun
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Allen Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Robert Miller
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Peter Palese
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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13
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Bimler L, Song AY, Le DT, Murphy Schafer A, Paust S. AuNP-M2e + sCpG vaccination of juvenile mice generates lifelong protective immunity to influenza A virus infection. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2019; 16:23. [PMID: 31507643 PMCID: PMC6720989 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-019-0162-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Influenza virus infection causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Humans fail to make a universally protective memory response to influenza A because of high mutation rates in the immune-dominant influenza epitopes. We seek the development of a universal influenza A vaccine. The extracellular domain of the M2-ion channel (M2e) is an ideal antigenic target, as it is highly conserved, has a low mutation rate, and is essential for viral entry and replication. Considering the potential of a universal influenza vaccine for lifelong protection, we aimed to examine this potential using a recently published gold nanoparticle M2e vaccine with CpG as an adjuvant (AuNP-M2e + sCpG). Intranasal vaccination induces an M2e-specific memory response, which is protective against lethal infection with H1N1, H3N2, and H5N1 serotypes, in young BALB/c mice. Protection with AuNP-M2e + sCpG has been published up to 8 months after vaccination. However, the highest risk population during most influenza seasons is adults over 65 years old. Additionally, the efficacy of many vaccines decrease after aging and requiring booster vaccinations to remain effective. Results To determine if the AuNP-M2e + sCpG vaccine is a viable option as a universal vaccination capable of protection through geriatric age, we tested if the AuNP-M2e + sCpG vaccination loses efficacy after aging mice to geriatric age (over 18 months). Our data shows that mice aged 15 months after vaccination (~ 18-21 months old) retain significant M2e-specific antibody titers in total IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b. These mice are significantly protected from lethal influenza challenge (H1N1, 8.3 PFU). Further, these antibody titers increase upon infection with influenza A and remain elevated for 3 months, suggesting the elderly mice retain effective M2e-specific memory B cells. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that protective M2e-specific memory in mice developed at a young age can persist until geriatric age. Additionally, this memory is protective and M2e-specific B cells produced by vaccination with AuNP-M2e + sCpG are maintained and functional. If the results of this study persist in humans, they suggest that a universal influenza A vaccine could be administered early in life and maintain lifelong protection into geriatric age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Bimler
- 1Center for Human Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,2Graduate Program in Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,3Developing Investigative Scholar's Program (DISP), Rice University, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Immunology Building 313/114, 10466 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037 USA
| | - Amber Y Song
- 1Center for Human Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,3Developing Investigative Scholar's Program (DISP), Rice University, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Duy T Le
- 1Center for Human Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,2Graduate Program in Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,3Developing Investigative Scholar's Program (DISP), Rice University, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Ashleigh Murphy Schafer
- 1Center for Human Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,5Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Silke Paust
- 1Center for Human Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,2Graduate Program in Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,3Developing Investigative Scholar's Program (DISP), Rice University, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Immunology Building 313/114, 10466 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037 USA.,5Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA
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14
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Gautam A, Park BK, Kim TH, Akauliya M, Kim D, Maharjan S, Park J, Kim J, Lee H, Park MS, Lee Y, Kwon HJ. Peritoneal Cells Mediate Immune Responses and Cross-Protection Against Influenza A Virus. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1160. [PMID: 31191534 PMCID: PMC6546726 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraperitoneal inoculation with live influenza A virus confers protection against intranasal infections in mice and ferrets. However, the responses of peritoneal cells to influenza A virus have not been investigated. Here we show that intraperitoneal inoculation with A/WSN/1933 (H1N1) virus induced virus-reactive IgG production in the peritoneal cavity in mice. The infection resulted in substantial but transient B cell and macrophage depletion along with massive neutrophil infiltration, but virus growth was not detected. Influenza A viruses bound to α-2,6-linked sialic acids of B cells and macrophages and induced apoptotic death of peritoneal cavity cells. However, re-infection with A/WSN/1933 virus did not have adverse effects on immune cells most likely because of the neutralizing antibodies produced in response to the first exposure. Infection of BALB/c mice with A/WSN/1933 induced cross-protection against an otherwise lethal intraperitoneal dose of A/Hongkong/4801/2014 (H3N2) virus. This information suggests that immunological responses in the peritoneal cavity can induce effective defense against future virus infection. Considering the unexpected potent immunoregulatory activity of the peritoneal cells against influenza viruses, we suggest that comparative studies on various immune reactions after infection through different routes may contribute to better selection of vaccination routes in development of efficacious influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishekh Gautam
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Byoung Kwon Park
- Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Te Ha Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Madhav Akauliya
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Dongbum Kim
- Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Sony Maharjan
- Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Joongwon Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jinsoo Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hanseul Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Man-Seong Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, and the Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Younghee Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Joo Kwon
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Center for Medical Science Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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15
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Lotfi Z, Golchin M, Khalili-Yazdi A, Khalili M. Immunological properties of the SLLTEVET epitope of Influenza A virus in multiple display on filamentous M13 phage. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 65:76-80. [PMID: 31300131 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Small peptides require large carriers to stimulate the humoral immune system. The filamentous phages, such as M13, have been proposed as vectors for expressing and carrying these peptides on their capsid surface. M2e 2-9 (SLLTEVET) residues of the transmembrane protein M2 of Influenza A virus are conserved and considered as a suitable target for immunization against a wide range of Influenza A virus strains. Here, M2e (2-9) sequence of Influenza A virus was fused to the N-terminus of the major coat protein gpVIII of M13 phage and was used to immunize broiler chickens. The results showed that the SLLTEVET peptide on the surface of M13 phage was expressed, the hybrid phage was immunogenic and produced specific antibodies against M2e (2-9) in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinat Lotfi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Golchin
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Aliakbar Khalili-Yazdi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khalili
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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16
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Abstract
Annually recurring seasonal influenza causes massive economic loss and poses severe threats to public health worldwide. The current seasonal influenza vaccines are the most effective means of preventing influenza infections but possess major weaknesses. Seasonal influenza vaccines require annual updating of the vaccine strains. However, it is an unreachable task to accurately predict the future circulating strains. Vaccines with mismatched strains dramatically compromise the vaccine efficacy. In addition, the seasonal influenza vaccines are ineffective against an unpredictable pandemic. A universal influenza vaccine would overcome these weaknesses of the seasonal vaccines and abolish the threat of influenza pandemics. One approach under investigation is to design influenza vaccine immunogens based on conserved, type-specific amino acid sequences and conformational epitopes, rather than strain-specific. Such vaccines can elicit broadly reactive humoral and cellular immunity. Universal influenza vaccine development has intensively employed nanotechnology because the structural and morphological properties of nanoparticles dramatically improve vaccine immunogenicity and the induced immunity duration. Layered protein nanoparticles can decrease off-target immune responses, fine-tune antigen recognition and processing, and facilitate comprehensive immune response induction. Herein, we review the designs of effective nanoparticle universal influenza vaccines, the recent discoveries of specific nanoparticle features that contribute to immunogenicity enhancement, and recent progress in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Deng
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University, 145 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30302-3965, United States
| | - Bao-Zhong Wang
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University, 145 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30302-3965, United States
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17
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Chen N, Gallovic MD, Tiet P, Ting JPY, Ainslie KM, Bachelder EM. Investigation of tunable acetalated dextran microparticle platform to optimize M2e-based influenza vaccine efficacy. J Control Release 2018; 289:114-124. [PMID: 30261204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Influenza places a significant health and economic burden on society. Efficacy of seasonal influenza vaccines can be suboptimal due to poor matching between vaccine and circulating viral strains. An influenza vaccine that is broadly protective against multiple virus strains would significantly improve vaccine efficacy. The highly conserved ectodomain of matrix protein 2 (M2e) and 3'3' cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) were selected as the antigen and adjuvant, respectively, to develop the basis for a potential universal influenza vaccine. The magnitude and kinetics of adaptive immune responses can have great impact on vaccine efficacy. M2e and cGAMP were therefore formulated within acetalated dextran (Ace-DEX) microparticles (MPs) of varying degradation profiles to examine the effect of differential vaccine delivery on humoral, cellular, and protective immunity. All Ace-DEX MP vaccines containing M2e and cGAMP elicited potent humoral and cellular responses in vivo and offered substantial protection against a lethal influenza challenge, suggesting significant vaccine efficacy. Serum antibodies from Ace-DEX MP vaccinated mice also demonstrated cross reactivity against M2e sequences of various viral strains, which indicates the potential for broadly protective immunity. Of all the formulations tested, the slowest-degrading M2e or cGAMP MPs elicited the greatest antibody production, cellular response, and protection against a viral challenge. This indicated the importance of flexible control over antigen and adjuvant delivery. Overall, robust immune responses, cross reactivity against multiple viral strains, and tunable delivery profiles make the Ace-DEX MP platform a powerful subunit vaccine delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naihan Chen
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matthew D Gallovic
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Pamela Tiet
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Institute for Inflammatory Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Center for Translational Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kristy M Ainslie
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eric M Bachelder
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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18
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Lambkin-Williams R, Noulin N, Mann A, Catchpole A, Gilbert AS. The human viral challenge model: accelerating the evaluation of respiratory antivirals, vaccines and novel diagnostics. Respir Res 2018; 19:123. [PMID: 29929556 PMCID: PMC6013893 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0784-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Human Viral Challenge (HVC) model has, for many decades, helped in the understanding of respiratory viruses and their role in disease pathogenesis. In a controlled setting using small numbers of volunteers removed from community exposure to other infections, this experimental model enables proof of concept work to be undertaken on novel therapeutics, including vaccines, immunomodulators and antivirals, as well as new diagnostics.Crucially, unlike conventional phase 1 studies, challenge studies include evaluable efficacy endpoints that then guide decisions on how to optimise subsequent field studies, as recommended by the FDA and thus licensing studies that follow. Such a strategy optimises the benefit of the studies and identifies possible threats early on, minimising the risk to subsequent volunteers but also maximising the benefit of scarce resources available to the research group investing in the research. Inspired by the principles of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement) now commonly applied in the preclinical phase, HVC studies allow refinement and reduction of the subsequent development phase, accelerating progress towards further statistically powered phase 2b studies. The breadth of data generated from challenge studies allows for exploration of a wide range of variables and endpoints that can then be taken through to pivotal phase 3 studies.We describe the disease burden for acute respiratory viral infections for which current conventional development strategies have failed to produce therapeutics that meet clinical need. The Authors describe the HVC model's utility in increasing scientific understanding and in progressing promising therapeutics through development.The contribution of the model to the elucidation of the virus-host interaction, both regarding viral pathogenicity and the body's immunological response is discussed, along with its utility to assist in the development of novel diagnostics.Future applications of the model are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob Lambkin-Williams
- hVIVO Services Limited, Queen Mary BioEnterprises Innovation Centre, 42 New Road, London, England, E1 2AX, UK.
| | - Nicolas Noulin
- hVIVO Services Limited, Queen Mary BioEnterprises Innovation Centre, 42 New Road, London, England, E1 2AX, UK
| | - Alex Mann
- hVIVO Services Limited, Queen Mary BioEnterprises Innovation Centre, 42 New Road, London, England, E1 2AX, UK
| | - Andrew Catchpole
- hVIVO Services Limited, Queen Mary BioEnterprises Innovation Centre, 42 New Road, London, England, E1 2AX, UK
| | - Anthony S Gilbert
- hVIVO Services Limited, Queen Mary BioEnterprises Innovation Centre, 42 New Road, London, England, E1 2AX, UK
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19
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Gomes-Neto JF, Sartorius R, Canto FB, Almeida TS, Dias AA, Barbosa CHD, Melo GA, Oliveira AC, Aguiar PHN, Machado CR, de Matos Guedes HL, Santiago MF, Nóbrega A, De Berardinis P, Bellio M. Vaccination With Recombinant Filamentous fd Phages Against Parasite Infection Requires TLR9 Expression. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1173. [PMID: 29896197 PMCID: PMC5987186 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant filamentous fd bacteriophages (rfd) expressing antigenic peptides were shown to induce cell-mediated immune responses in the absence of added adjuvant, being a promising delivery system for vaccination. Here, we tested the capacity of rfd phages to protect against infection with the human protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas Disease. For this, C57BL/6 (B6) and Tlr9−/− mice were vaccinated with rfd phages expressing the OVA257–264 peptide or the T. cruzi-immunodominant peptides PA8 and TSKB20 and challenged with either the T. cruzi Y-OVA or Y-strain, respectively. We found that vaccination with rfd phages induces anti-PA8 and anti-TSKB20 IgG production, expansion of Ag-specific IFN-γ, TNF-α, and Granzyme B-producing CD8+ T cells, as well as in vivo Ag-specific cytotoxic responses. Moreover, the fd-TSKB20 vaccine was able to protect against mortality induced by a high-dose inoculum of the parasite. Although vaccination with rfd phages successfully reduced both parasitemia and parasite load in the myocardium of WT B6 mice, Tlr9−/− animals were not protected against infection. Thus, our data extend previous studies, demonstrating that rfd phages induce Ag-specific IgG and CD8+ T cell-mediated responses and confer protection against an important human parasite infection, through a TLR9-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- João F Gomes-Neto
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Fábio B Canto
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thamyres S Almeida
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André A Dias
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos-Henrique D Barbosa
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Guilherme A Melo
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Oliveira
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro-Henrique N Aguiar
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Machado
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Herbert L de Matos Guedes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Polo Xerém, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo F Santiago
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alberto Nóbrega
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Bellio
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute for Vaccine Development and Technology (INCTV), CNPq-MCT, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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20
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Tsybalova LM, Stepanova LA, Shuklina MA, Petrov SV, Kovaleva AA, Potapchuk MV, Shaldzhan AA, Zabrodskaya YA, Egorov VV. CROSS-PROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF AN INFLUENZA VACCINE BASED ON HBC4M2E RECOMBINANT PROTEIN. Vopr Virusol 2018; 63:68-76. [PMID: 36494924 DOI: 10.18821/0507-4088-2018-63-2-68-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
One of the main problems in the area of influenza prophylaxis and pandemic prevention is the development of cross-reactive vaccines, i.e. vaccines directed against all subtypes of human influenza viruses. Such vaccines are being developed in many countries for more than 10 years. A number of vaccines are presently undergoing clinical trials. We created Uniflu candidate vaccine based on recombinant HBc4M2e protein consisting of 4 tandem-connected copies of the highly conserved ectodomain of M2 protein of the influenza A virus. These 4 copies were genetically fused to the carrier protein, namely hepatitis B core antigen. Commercially available Derinat was used as adjuvant in the candidate vaccine. Preclinical studies on laboratory animals (mice, ferrets) demonstrated that immunization with Uniflu leads to significantly higher level of specific immunoglobulins in the blood and bronchoalveolar lavages. Moreover, it produces immunoglobulins belonging to subtype IgG2a that is the most important mediator of antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. The vaccine under review stimulates the proliferation of T-lymphocytes, as well as the formation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells synthesizing ɣ-IFN. When infected with the lethal doses (5 LD50) of influenza A viruses of the subtypes H1N1, H2N2, H3N2, and H1N1pdm09, immunized animals typically developed mild form of illness. This kept them alive in 90-100% of cases, which demonstrated almost complete protection from death. Replication of the virus in the lungs of immunized mice was reduced by 1.8-4.8 log10. High immunogenicity of the vaccine, and reduced clinical symptoms following experimental infection, were demonstrated in ferrets as well. The developed recombinant vaccine Uniflu has high specific activity and cross-protection. Uniflu can be proposed as pre-pandemic vaccine, provided that it passes clinical trials.
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21
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Qi M, Zhang XE, Sun X, Zhang X, Yao Y, Liu S, Chen Z, Li W, Zhang Z, Chen J, Cui Z. Intranasal Nanovaccine Confers Homo- and Hetero-Subtypic Influenza Protection. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1703207. [PMID: 29430819 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201703207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cross-protective and non-invasively administered vaccines are attractive and highly desired for the control of influenza. Self-assembling nanotechnology provides an opportunity for the development of vaccines with superior performance. In this study, an intranasal nanovaccine is developed targeting the conserved ectodomain of influenza matrix protein 2(M2e). 3-sequential repeats of M2e (3M2e) is presented on the self-assembling recombinant human heavy chain ferritin (rHF) cage to form the 3M2e-rHF nanoparticle. Intranasal vaccination with 3M2e-rHF nanoparticles in the absence of an adjuvant induces robust immune responses, including high titers of sera M2e-specific IgG antibodies, T-cell immune responses, and mucosal secretory-IgA antibodies in mice. The 3M2e-rHF nanoparticles also confer complete protection against a lethal infection of homo-subtypic H1N1 and hetero-subtypic H9N2 virus. An analysis of the mechanism of protection underlying the intranasal immunization with the 3M2e-rHF nanoparticle indicates that M2e-specific mucosal secretory-IgA and T-cell immune responses may play critical roles in the prevention of infection. The results suggest that the 3M2e-rHF nanoparticle is a promising, needle-free, intranasally administered, cross-protective influenza vaccine. The use of self-assembling nanovaccines could be an ideal strategy for developing vaccines with characteristics such as high immunogenicity, cross-protection, and convenient administration, as well as being economical and suitable for large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xian-En Zhang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xianxun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yanfeng Yao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430208, China
| | - Siling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ze Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zongqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
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22
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Double-layered protein nanoparticles induce broad protection against divergent influenza A viruses. Nat Commun 2018; 9:359. [PMID: 29367723 PMCID: PMC5783933 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02725-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Current influenza vaccines provide limited protection against circulating influenza A viruses. A universal influenza vaccine will eliminate the intrinsic limitations of the seasonal flu vaccines. Here we report methodology to generate double-layered protein nanoparticles as a universal influenza vaccine. Layered nanoparticles are fabricated by desolvating tetrameric M2e into protein nanoparticle cores and coating these cores by crosslinking headless HAs. Representative headless HAs of two HA phylogenetic groups are constructed and purified. Vaccinations with the resulting protein nanoparticles in mice induces robust long-lasting immunity, fully protecting the mice against challenges by divergent influenza A viruses of the same group or both groups. The results demonstrate the importance of incorporating both structure-stabilized HA stalk domains and M2e into a universal influenza vaccine to improve its protective potency and breadth. These potent disassemblable protein nanoparticles indicate a wide application in protein drug delivery and controlled release. Relatively well conserved domains of influenza A virus (IAV) proteins are potential candidates for the development of a universal IAV vaccine. Here, Deng et al. combine two such conserved antigens (M2e and HA stalk) in a double-layered protein nanoparticle and show that it protects against divergent IAVs in mice.
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23
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Samoylova TI, Braden TD, Spencer JA, Bartol FF. Immunocontraception: Filamentous Bacteriophage as a Platform for Vaccine Development. Curr Med Chem 2017; 24:3907-3920. [PMID: 28901276 PMCID: PMC5738698 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170911160426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population control of domestic, wild, invasive, and captive animal species is a global issue of importance to public health, animal welfare and the economy. There is pressing need for effective, safe, and inexpensive contraceptive technologies to address this problem. Contraceptive vaccines, designed to stimulate the immune system in order to block critical reproductive events and suppress fertility, may provide a solution. Filamentous bacteriophages can be used as platforms for development of such vaccines. OBJECTIVE In this review authors highlight structural and immunogenic properties of filamentous phages, and discuss applications of phage-peptide vaccines for advancement of immunocontraception technology in animals. RESULTS Phages can be engineered to display fusion (non-phage) peptides as coat proteins. Such modifications can be accomplished via genetic manipulation of phage DNA, or by chemical conjugation of synthetic peptides to phage surface proteins. Phage fusions with antigenic determinants induce humoral as well as cell-mediated immune responses in animals, making them attractive as vaccines. Additional advantages of the phage platform include environmental stability, low cost, and safety for immunized animals and those administering the vaccines. CONCLUSION Filamentous phages are viable platforms for vaccine development that can be engineered with molecular and organismal specificity. Phage-based vaccines can be produced in abundance at low cost, are environmentally stable, and are immunogenic when administered via multiple routes. These features are essential for a contraceptive vaccine to be operationally practical in animal applications. Adaptability of the phage platform also makes it attractive for design of human immunocontraceptive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana I Samoylova
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.,Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Timothy D Braden
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Jennifer A Spencer
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Frank F Bartol
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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24
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Vemula SV, Sayedahmed EE, Sambhara S, Mittal SK. Vaccine approaches conferring cross-protection against influenza viruses. Expert Rev Vaccines 2017; 16:1141-1154. [PMID: 28925296 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2017.1379396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Annual vaccination is one of the most efficient and cost-effective strategies to prevent and control influenza epidemics. Most of the currently available influenza vaccines are strong inducers of antibody responses against viral surface proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), but are poor inducers of cell-mediated immune responses against conserved internal proteins. Moreover, due to the high variability of viral surface proteins because of antigenic drift or antigenic shift, many of the currently licensed vaccines confer little or no protection against drift or shift variants. Areas covered: Next generation influenza vaccines that can induce humoral immune responses to receptor-binding epitopes as well as broadly neutralizing conserved epitopes, and cell-mediated immune responses against highly conserved internal proteins would be effective against variant viruses as well as a novel pandemic influenza until circulating strain-specific vaccines become available. Here we discuss vaccine approaches that have the potential to provide broad spectrum protection against influenza viruses. Expert commentary: Based on current progress in defining cross-protective influenza immunity, it seems that the development of a universal influenza vaccine is feasible. It would revolutionize the strategy for influenza pandemic preparedness, and significantly impact the shelf-life and protection efficacy of seasonal influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai V Vemula
- a Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue Institute for Immunology , Inflammation and Infectious Disease, Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA
| | - Ekramy E Sayedahmed
- a Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue Institute for Immunology , Inflammation and Infectious Disease, Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA
| | - Suryaprakash Sambhara
- b Influenza Division , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Suresh K Mittal
- a Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue Institute for Immunology , Inflammation and Infectious Disease, Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA
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25
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Deng L, Roose K, Job ER, De Rycke R, Van Hamme E, Gonçalves A, Parthoens E, Cicchelero L, Sanders N, Fiers W, Saelens X. Oral delivery of Escherichia coli persistently infected with M2e-displaying bacteriophages partially protects against influenza A virus. J Control Release 2017; 264:55-65. [PMID: 28842314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We describe a novel live oral vaccine type. Conceptually, this vaccine is based on a non-lytic, recombinant filamentous bacteriophage that displays an antigen of interest. To provide proof of concept we used the amino-terminal part of a conserved influenza A virus epitope, i.e. matrix protein 2 ectodomain (M2e) residues 2 to 16, as the antigen of interest. Rather than using the phages as purified virus-like particles as a vaccine, these phages were delivered to intestinal Peyer's patches as a live bacterium-phage combination that comprises Escherichia coli cells that conditionally express invasin derived from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Invasin-expressing E. coli cells were internalized by mammalian Hep-2 cells in vitro and adhered to mouse intestinal microfold (M) cells ex vivo. Invasin-expressing E. coli cells were permissive for recombinant filamentous bacteriophage f88 that displays M2e and became persistently infected. Oral administration of the live engineered E. coli-invasin-phage combination to mice induced M2e-specific serum IgG antibodies. Mice that had been immunized with invasin-expressing E. coli cells that carried M2e2-16 displaying fd phages seroconverted to M2e and showed partial protection against challenge with influenza A virus. Oral delivery of a live vaccine comprising a bacterial host that is targeted to Peyer's patches and is persistently infected with an antigen-displaying phage, can thus be exploited as an oral vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Deng
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Technologiepark, 927, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kenny Roose
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Technologiepark, 927, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emma R Job
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Technologiepark, 927, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Riet De Rycke
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, Ghent, Belgium; Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evelien Van Hamme
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Amanda Gonçalves
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eef Parthoens
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laetitia Cicchelero
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Niek Sanders
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Walter Fiers
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Technologiepark, 927, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Xavier Saelens
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Technologiepark, 927, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, Ghent, Belgium.
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26
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Deng L, Kim JR, Chang TZ, Zhang H, Mohan T, Champion JA, Wang BZ. Protein nanoparticle vaccine based on flagellin carrier fused to influenza conserved epitopes confers full protection against influenza A virus challenge. Virology 2017. [PMID: 28622575 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Currently marketed influenza vaccines only confer protection against matching influenza virus strains. The influenza A composition of these vaccines needs to be annually updated. Vaccines that target conserved epitopes of influenza viruses would in principle offer broad cross-protection against influenza A viruses. In our study, we investigated the specific immune responses and protective efficacy of protein nanoparticles based on fusion proteins of flagellin carrier linked to conserved influenza epitopes. We designed fusion proteins by replacing the hyperimmunogenic region of flagellin (FliC) with four tandem copies of the ectodomain of matrix protein 2 (f4M2e), H1 HA2 domain (fHApr8) or H3 HA2 domain (fHAaichi). Protein nanoparticles fabricated from these fusion proteins by using DTSSP crosslinking retained Toll-like receptor 5 agonist activity of FliC. Intranasal immunization with f4M2e, f4M2e/fHApr8 or f4M2e/fHAaichi nanoparticles induced vaccine antigen-specific humoral immune responses. It was also found that the incorporation of the H1 HA2 domain into f4M2e/fHApr8 nanoparticles boosted M2e specific antibody responses. Immunized mice were fully protected against lethal doses of virus challenge.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Intranasal
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Carriers/metabolism
- Epitopes/genetics
- Epitopes/immunology
- Flagellin/genetics
- Flagellin/metabolism
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Influenza Vaccines/genetics
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Mice
- Nanoparticles
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/prevention & control
- Protein Binding
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology
- Survival Analysis
- Toll-Like Receptor 5/metabolism
- Vaccines, Subunit/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Subunit/genetics
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Viral Matrix Proteins/genetics
- Viral Matrix Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Deng
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jong R Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Timothy Z Chang
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Teena Mohan
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Julie A Champion
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bao-Zhong Wang
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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27
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Sunderland KS, Yang M, Mao C. Phage-Enabled Nanomedicine: From Probes to Therapeutics in Precision Medicine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:1964-1992. [PMID: 27491926 PMCID: PMC5311110 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201606181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Both lytic and temperate bacteriophages (phages) can be applied in nanomedicine, in particular, as nanoprobes for precise disease diagnosis and nanotherapeutics for targeted disease treatment. Since phages are bacteria-specific viruses, they do not naturally infect eukaryotic cells and are not toxic to them. They can be genetically engineered to target nanoparticles, cells, tissues, and organs, and can also be modified with functional abiotic nanomaterials for disease diagnosis and treatment. This Review will summarize the current use of phage structures in many aspects of precision nanomedicine, including ultrasensitive biomarker detection, enhanced bioimaging for disease diagnosis, targeted drug and gene delivery, directed stem cell differentiation, accelerated tissue formation, effective vaccination, and nanotherapeutics for targeted disease treatment. We will also propose future directions in the area of phage-based nanomedicines, and discuss the state of phage-based clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kegan S Sunderland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma, 73019, USA
| | - Mingying Yang
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma, 73019, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
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28
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Elaish M, Ngunjiri JM, Ali A, Xia M, Ibrahim M, Jang H, Hiremath J, Dhakal S, Helmy YA, Jiang X, Renukaradhya GJ, Lee CW. Supplementation of inactivated influenza vaccine with norovirus P particle-M2e chimeric vaccine enhances protection against heterologous virus challenge in chickens. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171174. [PMID: 28151964 PMCID: PMC5289506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The current inactivated influenza vaccines provide satisfactory protection against homologous viruses but limited cross-protection against antigenically divergent strains. Consequently, there is a need to develop more broadly protective vaccines. The highly conserved extracellular domain of the matrix protein 2 (M2e) has shown promising results as one of the components of a universal influenza vaccine in different animal models. As an approach to overcome the limited, strain specific, protective efficacy of inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV), a combination of recombinant M2e expressed on the surface of norovirus P particle (M2eP) and IIV was tested in chickens. Co-immunization of birds with both vaccines did not affect the production of M2e-specific IgG antibodies compared to the group vaccinated with M2eP alone. However, the co-immunized birds developed significantly higher pre-challenge hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers against the homologous IIV antigen and heterologous challenge virus. These combined vaccine groups also had cross reactive antibody responses against different viruses (H5, H6, and H7 subtypes) compared to the IIV alone vaccinated group. Upon intranasal challenge with homologous and heterologous viruses, the combined vaccine groups showed greater reduction in viral shedding in tracheal swabs compared to those groups receiving IIV alone. Moreover, M2eP antisera from vaccinated birds were able to bind to the native M2 expressed on the surface of whole virus particles and infected cells, and inhibit virus replication in vitro. Our results support the potential benefit of supplementing IIV with M2eP, to expand the vaccine cross protective efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elaish
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - John M. Ngunjiri
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ming Xia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mahmoud Ibrahim
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hyesun Jang
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jagadish Hiremath
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yosra A. Helmy
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Xi Jiang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Gourapura J. Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Chang-Won Lee
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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29
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Sunderland KS, Yang M, Mao C. Nanomedizin auf Phagenbasis: von Sonden zu Therapeutika für eine Präzisionsmedizin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201606181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kegan S. Sunderland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center University of Oklahoma 101 Stephenson Parkway Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA
| | - Mingying Yang
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research College of Animal Science Zhejiang University Yuhangtang Road 866 Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center University of Oklahoma 101 Stephenson Parkway Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
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30
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Kolpe A, Schepens B, Fiers W, Saelens X. M2-based influenza vaccines: recent advances and clinical potential. Expert Rev Vaccines 2016; 16:123-136. [DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2017.1240041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annasaheb Kolpe
- Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bert Schepens
- Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Walter Fiers
- Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xavier Saelens
- Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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31
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Abstract
Viruslike particles often combine high physical stability with robust immunogenicity. Furthermore, when such particles are based on bacteriophages, they can be produced in high amounts at minimal cost and typically will require only standard biologically contained facilities. We provide protocols for the characterization and purification of recombinant viruslike particles derived from filamentous bacteriophages. As an example, we focus on filamentous Escherichia coli fd phage displaying a conserved influenza A virus epitope that is fused genetically to the N-terminus of the major coat protein of this phage. A step-by-step procedure to obtain a high-titer, pure recombinant phage preparation is provided. We also describe a quality control experiment based on a biological readout of the purified fd phage preparation. These protocols together with the highlighted critical steps may facilitate generic implementation of the provided procedures for the display of other epitopes by recombinant fd phages.
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32
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Wong TM, Ross TM. Use of computational and recombinant technologies for developing novel influenza vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2015; 15:41-51. [PMID: 26595182 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2016.1113877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Influenza vaccine design has changed considerably with advancements in bioinformatics and computational biology. Improved surveillance efforts provide up-to-date information about influenza sequence diversity and assist with monitoring the spread of epidemics and vaccine efficacy rates. The advent of next-generation sequencing, epitope scanning and high-throughput analysis all help decipher influenza-associated protein interactions as well as predict immune responsiveness based on host genetic diversity. Computational approaches are utilized in nearly all aspects of vaccine design, from modeling, compatibility predictions, and optimization of antigens in various platforms. This overview discusses how computational techniques strengthen vaccine efforts against highly diverse influenza species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terianne M Wong
- a Center for Vaccines and Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases , University of Georgia , Athens , GA , USA
| | - Ted M Ross
- a Center for Vaccines and Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases , University of Georgia , Athens , GA , USA
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