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Armesto M, Nemours S, Arestín M, Bernal I, Solano-Iturri JD, Manrique M, Basterretxea L, Larrinaga G, Angulo JC, Lecumberri D, Iturregui AM, López JI, Lawrie CH. Identification of miRNAs and Their Target Genes Associated with Sunitinib Resistance in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6881. [PMID: 38999991 PMCID: PMC11241516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib has greatly improved the survival of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients in recent years. However, 20-30% of treated patients do not respond. To identify miRNAs and genes associated with a response, comparisons were made between biopsies from responder and non-responder ccRCC patients. Using integrated transcriptomic analyses, we identified 37 miRNAs and 60 respective target genes, which were significantly associated with the NF-kappa B, PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways. We validated expression of the miRNAs (miR-223, miR-155, miR-200b, miR-130b) and target genes (FLT1, PRDM1 and SAV1) in 35 ccRCC patients. High levels of miR-223 and low levels of FLT1, SAV1 and PRDM1 were associated with worse overall survival (OS), and combined miR-223 + SAV1 levels distinguished responders from non-responders (AUC = 0.92). Using immunohistochemical staining of 170 ccRCC patients, VEGFR1 (FLT1) expression was associated with treatment response, histological grade and RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) score, whereas SAV1 and BLIMP1 (PRDM1) were associated with metachronous metastatic disease. Using in situ hybridisation (ISH) to detect miR-155 we observed higher tumoural cell expression in non-responders, and non-tumoural cell expression with increased histological grade. In summary, our preliminary analysis using integrated miRNA-target gene analyses identified several novel biomarkers in ccRCC patients that surely warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Armesto
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.A.); (S.N.); (M.A.); (I.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Stéphane Nemours
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.A.); (S.N.); (M.A.); (I.B.); (L.B.)
| | - María Arestín
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.A.); (S.N.); (M.A.); (I.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Iraide Bernal
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.A.); (S.N.); (M.A.); (I.B.); (L.B.)
- Pathology Department, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (J.D.S.-I.); (M.M.)
| | - Jon Danel Solano-Iturri
- Pathology Department, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (J.D.S.-I.); (M.M.)
| | - Manuel Manrique
- Pathology Department, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (J.D.S.-I.); (M.M.)
| | - Laura Basterretxea
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.A.); (S.N.); (M.A.); (I.B.); (L.B.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Gorka Larrinaga
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (G.L.); (J.I.L.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Javier C. Angulo
- Clinical Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, European University of Madrid, 28905 Getafe, Spain;
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Getafe, 28907 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Lecumberri
- Department of Urology, Urduliz University Hospital, 48610 Urduliz, Spain;
| | | | - José I. López
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (G.L.); (J.I.L.)
- Pathology Department, Cruces University Hospital, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Charles H. Lawrie
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.A.); (S.N.); (M.A.); (I.B.); (L.B.)
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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2
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Gholipour Z, Fooladi AAI, Parivar K, Halabian R. Targeting glioblastoma multiforme using a novel fusion protein comprising interleukin-13 and staphylococcal enterotoxin B in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 92:105651. [PMID: 37482138 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Targeting cell surface receptors with immunotoxins provides a novel, unique and highly potent treatment against cancers. A high expression of interleukin-13 (IL13) receptor α2 (IL13Rα2) has been reported in different types of cancers including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). In this paper, to target IL13Rα2 on GBM cells, a fusion protein was generated comprising human IL13 and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), termed IL13-linker-SEB. The fusion protein was cloned into pET28a(+) and expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3); U251 (IL13Rα2-positive) and T98G (IL13Rα2-negative) GBM cell lines were employed and the functional activity of IL13-linker-SEB was evaluated by cell ELISA, cytotoxicity (MTT and LDH), apoptosis (flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity), adhesion, scratch and RT-PCR tests. SEB and chemotherapeutic drugs were employed to be compared to IL13-linker-SEB function. The IL13-linker-SEB exhibited higher binding affinity and cytotoxicity compared to SEB on U251 cells, although both recombinant proteins had shown similar behavior regarding T98G cells. Furthermore, the highest induction of apoptosis was observed in U251 cells treated with IL13-linker-SEB which was confirmed by Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The expression of MMP2, MMP9 and VEGFR2 in U251 cells experienced a significant reduction after treatment with IL13-linker-SEB compared to SEB and T98G treated cells. The data showed that IL13-linker-SEB can be considered as a novel potential agent for GBM treatment; however, further research is needed to investigate the efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Gholipour
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kazem Parivar
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Halabian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Igarashi W, Takagi D, Okada D, Kobayashi D, Oka M, Io T, Ishii K, Ono K, Yamamoto H, Okamoto Y. Bioinformatic Identification of Potential RNA Alterations on the Atrial Fibrillation Remodeling from Human Pulmonary Veins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10501. [PMID: 37445678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent persistent arrhythmia. Many genes have been reported as a genetic background for AF. However, most transcriptome analyses of AF are limited to the atrial samples and have not been evaluated by multiple cardiac regions. In this study, we analyzed the expression levels of protein-coding and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in six cardiac regions by RNA-seq. Samples were donated from six subjects with or without persistent AF for left atria, left atrial appendages, right atria, sinoatrial nodes, left ventricles, right ventricles, and pulmonary veins (PVs), and additional four right atrial appendages samples were collected from patients undergoing mitral valve replacement. In total, 23 AF samples were compared to 23 non-AF samples. Surprisingly, the most influenced heart region in gene expression by AF was the PV, not the atria. The ion channel-related gene set was significantly enriched upon analysis of these significant genes. In addition, some significant genes are cancer-related lncRNAs in PV in AF. A co-expression network analysis could detect the functional gene clusters. In particular, the cancer-related lncRNA, such as SAMMSON and FOXCUT, belong to the gene network with the cancer-related transcription factor FOXC1. Thus, they may also play an aggravating role in the pathogenesis of AF, similar to carcinogenesis. In the least, this study suggests that (1) RNA alteration is most intense in PVs and (2) post-transcriptional gene regulation by lncRNA may contribute to the progression of AF. Through the screening analysis across the six cardiac regions, the possibility that the PV region can play a role other than paroxysmal triggering in the pathogenesis of AF was demonstrated for the first time. Future research with an increase in the number of PV samples will lead to a novel understanding of the pathophysiology of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Igarashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Daichi Takagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Daigo Okada
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoinkawahara-cho, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Daiki Kobayashi
- Department of Cell Physiology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Miho Oka
- Research Department, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyutaromachi, Osaka 541-0056, Japan
| | - Toshiro Io
- Research Department, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyutaromachi, Osaka 541-0056, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Ishii
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Ono
- Department of Cell Physiology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Yosuke Okamoto
- Department of Cell Physiology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
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Nagai T, Terada N, Fujii M, Nagata Y, Nakahara K, Mukai S, Okasho K, Kamiyama Y, Akamatsu S, Kobayashi T, Iida K, Denawa M, Hagiwara M, Inoue T, Ogawa O, Kamoto T. Identification of the α2 chain of interleukin-13 receptor as a potential biomarker for predicting castration resistance of prostate cancer using patient-derived xenograft models. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1701. [PMID: 36806727 PMCID: PMC9939991 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several treatment strategies use upfront chemotherapy or androgen receptor axis-targeting therapies for metastatic prostate cancer. However, there are no useful biomarkers for selecting appropriate patients who urgently require these treatments. METHODS Novel patient-derived xenograft (PDX) castration-sensitive and -resistant models were established and gene expression patterns were comprehensively compared. The function of a gene highly expressed in the castration-resistant models was evaluated by its overexpression in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Protein expression in the tumors and serum of patients was examined by immunohistochemistry and ELISA, and correlations with castration resistance were analyzed. RESULTS Expression of the α2 chain of interleukin-13 receptor (IL13Rα2) was higher in castration-resistant PDX tumors. LNCaP cells overexpressing IL13Rα2 acquired castration resistance in vitro and in vivo. In tissue samples, IL13Rα2 expression levels were significantly associated with castration-resistant progression (p < 0.05). In serum samples, IL13Rα2 levels could be measured in 5 of 28 (18%) castration-resistant prostate cancer patients. CONCLUSION IL13Rα2 was highly expressed in castration-resistant prostate cancer PDX models and was associated with the castration resistance of prostate cancer cells. It might be a potential tissue and serum biomarker for predicting castration resistance in prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Nagai
- Department of UrologyMiyazaki University Graduate School of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
| | - Naoki Terada
- Department of UrologyMiyazaki University Graduate School of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
| | - Masato Fujii
- Department of UrologyMiyazaki University Graduate School of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
| | - Yasuhisa Nagata
- Department of UrologyMiyazaki University Graduate School of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
| | - Kozue Nakahara
- Department of UrologyMiyazaki University Graduate School of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
| | - Shoichiro Mukai
- Department of UrologyMiyazaki University Graduate School of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
| | - Kosuke Okasho
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Yuki Kamiyama
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Shusuke Akamatsu
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Kei Iida
- Medical Research Support Center, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Masatsugu Denawa
- Medical Research Support Center, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Masatoshi Hagiwara
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Takahiro Inoue
- Department of Nephro‐Urologic Surgery and AndrologyMie University Graduate School of MedicineTsuJapan
| | - Osamu Ogawa
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Toshiyuki Kamoto
- Department of UrologyMiyazaki University Graduate School of MedicineMiyazakiJapan
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Tomishima K, Fujisawa T, Fukumura Y, Ushio M, Fukuma T, Takahashi S, Takasaki Y, Suzuki A, Ito K, Ishii S, Yao T, Nagahara A, Isayama H. Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma With Strong Expression of Interleukin-13 Receptor α2 Shows a Poor Response to Gemcitabine-Based Chemotherapy. Pancreas 2022; 51:1133-1139. [PMID: 37078936 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with strong expression of interleukin-13 receptor α2 (IL-13Rα2) was associated with poor prognosis and gemcitabine resistance in an orthotopic mouse model. We evaluated the influence of IL-13Rα2 expression in the endoscopic ultrasound-fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) specimen. METHODS We included patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, as diagnosed by EUS-FNA, who received gemcitabine-based chemotherapy (G-CTX). Tumor expression of IL-13Rα2 was assessed by immunohistochemistry and classified using a three scale (negative, weak, or strong) in a blinded fashion. The effect of G-CTX was assessed by tumor reduction rate by computed tomography after 3 months. RESULTS A total of 95 patients were enrolled, and 63 and 32 cases were determined with strong and weak/negative expression of IL-13Rα2. The IL-13Rα2-strong group showed significantly poorer progression-free and overall survival rates than weak/negative group (P = 0.0191 and P = 0.0062, respectively). Strong expression of IL-13Rα2 was associated with progression factor after 3 months of the first G-CTX (odds ratio, 13.72; P = 0.0143). CONCLUSIONS Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with strong expression of IL-13Rα2 in EUS-FNA specimens showed poor prognosis and poor response to G-CTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Tomishima
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Toshio Fujisawa
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Yuki Fukumura
- Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mako Ushio
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Taito Fukuma
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Sho Takahashi
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Yusuke Takasaki
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Akinori Suzuki
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Koichi Ito
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Shigeto Ishii
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Takashi Yao
- Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihito Nagahara
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Hiroyuki Isayama
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
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6
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In vivo DNA-launched bispecific T cell engager targeting IL-13Rα2 controls tumor growth in an animal model of glioblastoma multiforme. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 26:289-301. [PMID: 36090479 PMCID: PMC9418050 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive tumor with poor survival rates. Bispecific T cell engagers (BTEs) against different cancers are in various stages of clinical development. Toxicity resulting from cytokine release syndrome and the short half-life of BTEs, which necessitates continuous infusion, complicating delivery and increasing costs, are major challenges in the field. Here we describe the development of in vivo DNA-launched BTEs (dBTEs) with highly focused targeting of interleukin-13 receptor α2 (IL-13Rα2), a glioblastoma cell-surface target. We developed 4 BTEs targeting 2 epitopes of IL-13Rα2 and studied how heavy-light chain orientation affects BTE function. The dBTEs induced T cell activation, cytokine production, and tumor cytolysis in the presence of IL-13Rα2+ tumor cells, but we observed unique patterns of immune activation. We found a strong correlation between granzyme B secretion and dBTE-induced cytolysis of specific and nonspecific tumors. We down-selected dBTE PB01-forward based on lower cytokine induction profile and highest activation specificity. In vivo, dBTE PB01-forward demonstrated an improved half-life versus intravenous recombinant BTE delivery. In an orthotopic glioblastoma model, dBTE PB01-forward controlled tumor growth, improving animal survival, supporting the hypothesis that the blood-brain barrier does not affect the function of systemically delivered dBTE. Further study of PB01-forward for targeting glioblastoma and other IL-13Rα2+ cancers is warranted.
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7
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Han Z, Wang H, Liu Y, Xing XL. Establishment of a prognostic ferroptosis- and immune-related long noncoding RNAs profile in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:915372. [PMID: 36110203 PMCID: PMC9468637 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.915372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ferroptosis and immunity are novel treatments that target several cancers, including kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an important class of gene expression regulators that play fundamental roles in the regulation of ferroptosis and immunity. We aimed to identify ferroptosis- and immune-related lncRNAs as biomarkers in patients with KIRC. Methods: Corresponding data for each patient with KIRC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify candidate biomarkers followed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCANA), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results: Three ferroptosis- and immune-related differentially expressed lncRNAs (FI-DELs) (AC124854.1, LINC02609, and ZNF503-AS2) were markedly and independently correlated with the overall survival (OS) of patients with KIRC. The area under the curve (AUC) value of the prognostic model in the entire group using the three FI-DELs was > 0.70. The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic model using the three FI-DELs were 0.8586 and 0.9583, respectively. Conclusion: The present study found that AC124854.1, LINC02609, and ZNF503-AS2 were considerably and independently correlated with the OS of patients with KIRC, suggesting that the three FI-DELs could be used as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for patients with KIRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Han
- Department of Urology, Department of Ultrasonography, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya school of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, China
- School of Public Health and Laboratory Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Urology, Department of Ultrasonography, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya school of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Huaihua, China
| | - Yafei Liu
- Department of Urology, Department of Ultrasonography, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya school of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Liang Xing
- Department of Urology, Department of Ultrasonography, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya school of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, China
- School of Public Health and Laboratory Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Liang Xing,
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8
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Stern LA, Gholamin S, Moraga I, Yang X, Saravanakumar S, Cohen JR, Starr R, Aguilar B, Salvary V, Hibbard JC, Kalbasi A, Shepphird JK, O’Hearn J, Garcia KC, Brown CE. Engineered IL13 variants direct specificity of IL13Rα2-targeted CAR T cell therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2112006119. [PMID: 35939683 PMCID: PMC9388138 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2112006119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
IL13Rα2 is an attractive target due to its overexpression in a variety of cancers and rare expression in healthy tissue, motivating expansion of interleukin 13 (IL13)-based chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy from glioblastoma into systemic malignancies. IL13Rα1, the other binding partner of IL13, is ubiquitously expressed in healthy tissue, raising concerns about the therapeutic window of systemic administration. IL13 mutants with diminished binding affinity to IL13Rα1 were previously generated by structure-guided protein engineering. In this study, two such variants, termed C4 and D7, are characterized for their ability to mediate IL13Rα2-specific response as binding domains for CAR T cells. Despite IL13Rα1 and IL13Rα2 sharing similar binding interfaces on IL13, mutations to IL13 that decrease binding affinity for IL13Rα1 did not drastically change binding affinity for IL13Rα2. Micromolar affinity to IL13Rα1 was sufficient to pacify IL13-mutein CAR T cells in the presence of IL13Rα1-overexpressing cells in vitro. Interestingly, effector activity of D7 CAR T cells, but not C4 CAR T cells, was demonstrated when cocultured with IL13Rα1/IL4Rα-coexpressing cancer cells. While low-affinity interactions with IL13Rα1 did not result in observable toxicities in mice, in vivo biodistribution studies demonstrated that C4 and D7 CAR T cells were better able to traffic away from IL13Rα1+ lung tissue than were wild-type (WT) CAR T cells. These results demonstrate the utility of structure-guided engineering of ligand-based binding domains with appropriate selectivity while validating IL13-mutein CARs with improved selectivity for application to systemic IL13Rα2-expressing malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence A. Stern
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Sharareh Gholamin
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
- Division of Biology and Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Ignacio Moraga
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5345
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5345
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Supraja Saravanakumar
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Joseph R. Cohen
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Renate Starr
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Brenda Aguilar
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Vanessa Salvary
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Jonathan C. Hibbard
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Anusha Kalbasi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024
| | - Jennifer K. Shepphird
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - James O’Hearn
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - K. Christopher Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5345
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5345
- HHMI, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5345
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5345
| | - Christine E. Brown
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
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9
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Xiang Y, Zheng G, Zhong J, Sheng J, Qin H. Advances in Renal Cell Carcinoma Drug Resistance Models. Front Oncol 2022; 12:870396. [PMID: 35619895 PMCID: PMC9128023 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.870396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer. Systemic therapy is the preferred method to eliminate residual cancer cells after surgery and prolong the survival of patients with inoperable RCC. A variety of molecular targeted and immunological therapies have been developed to improve the survival rate and prognosis of RCC patients based on their chemotherapy-resistant properties. However, owing to tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance, targeted and immunological therapies lack complete and durable anti-tumor responses; therefore, understanding the mechanisms of systemic therapy resistance and improving clinical curative effects in the treatment of RCC remain challenging. In vitro models with traditional RCC cell lines or primary cell culture, as well as in vivo models with cell or patient-derived xenografts, are used to explore the drug resistance mechanisms of RCC and screen new targeted therapeutic drugs. Here, we review the established methods and applications of in vivo and in vitro RCC drug resistance models, with the aim of improving our understanding of its resistance mechanisms, increasing the efficacy of combination medications, and providing a theoretical foundation for the development and application of new drugs, drug screening, and treatment guidelines for RCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yien Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ge Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiyao Sheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanjiao Qin
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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10
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Knudson KM, Hwang S, McCann MS, Joshi BH, Husain SR, Puri RK. Recent Advances in IL-13Rα2-Directed Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:878365. [PMID: 35464460 PMCID: PMC9023787 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.878365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2 (IL-13Rα2, CD213A), a high-affinity membrane receptor of the anti-inflammatory Th2 cytokine IL-13, is overexpressed in a variety of solid tumors and is correlated with poor prognosis in glioblastoma, colorectal cancer, adrenocortical carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and breast cancer. While initially hypothesized as a decoy receptor for IL-13-mediated signaling, recent evidence demonstrates IL-13 can signal through IL-13Rα2 in human cells. In addition, expression of IL-13Rα2 and IL-13Rα2-mediated signaling has been shown to promote tumor proliferation, cell survival, tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Given its differential expression in tumor versus normal tissue, IL-13Rα2 is an attractive immunotherapy target, as both a targetable receptor and an immunogenic antigen. Multiple promising strategies, including immunotoxins, cancer vaccines, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, have been developed to target IL-13Rα2. In this mini-review, we discuss recent developments surrounding IL-13Rα2-targeted therapies in pre-clinical and clinical study, including potential strategies to improve IL-13Rα2-directed cancer treatment efficacy.
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IL13Rα2 Is Involved in the Progress of Renal Cell Carcinoma through the JAK2/FOXO3 Pathway. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11040284. [PMID: 33917914 PMCID: PMC8068290 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11040284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported a close relationship between type II IL4Rα and IL13Rα1 complex and poor outcomes in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this study, we investigated the clinicopathologically significant oncogenic role of IL13Rα2, a kind of the independent receptor for IL13, in 229 RCC patients. The high expression of IL13Rα2 was closely related to relapse-free survival in specific cancers in univariate and multivariate analysis. Then, the oncogenic role of IL13Rα2 was evaluated by performing in vitro assays for cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in A498, ACHN, Caki1, and Caki2, four kinds of RCC cells after transfection of siRNA against IL13Rα2. Cell proliferation was suppressed, and apoptosis was induced in A498, ACHN, Caki1, and Caki2 cells by knockdown of IL13Rα2. Interestingly, the knockdown of IL13Rα2 decreased the phosphorylation of JAK2 and increased the expression of FOXO3. Furthermore, the knockdown of IL13Rα2 reduced the protein interaction among IL13Rα2, phosphorylated JAK2, and FOXO3. Since phosphorylation of JAK2 was regulated by IL13Rα2, we tried to screen a novel JAK2 inhibitor from the FDA-approved drug library and selected telmisartan, a clinically used medicine against hypertension, as one of the strongest candidates. Telmisartan treatment decreased the cell proliferation rate and increased apoptosis in A498, ACHN, Caki1, and Caki2 cells. Mechanistically, telmisartan treatment decreased the phosphorylation of JAK2 and increased the expression of FOXO3. Taken together, these results suggest that IL13Rα2 regulates the progression of RCC via the JAK2/FOXO3-signaling path pathway, which might be targeted as the novel therapeutic option for RCC patients.
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12
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Wang L, Gu W, Ni H. Construction of a prognostic value model in papillary renal cell carcinoma by immune-related genes. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24903. [PMID: 33761648 PMCID: PMC9281962 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is the second most common type of renal carcinoma following clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and the role of immune-related genes (IRGs) in tumorigenesis and metastasis is evident; its prognostic value in PRCC remains unclear. In this study, we downloaded the gene expression profiles and clinical data of patients with PRCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and obtained IRGs from the ImmPort database. A total of 371 differentially expressed IRGs (DEIRGs) were discovered between PRCC and normal kidney tissues. Prognostic DEIRGs (PDEIRGs) were identified by univariate Cox regression analysis. Then, we screened the four most representative PDEIRGs (IL13RA2, CCL19, BIRC5, and INHBE) and used them to construct a risk model to predict the prognosis of patients with PRCC. This model precisely stratified survival outcome and accurately identified mutation burden in PRCC. Thus, our results suggest that these four PDEIRGs are available prognostic predictors for PRCC. They could be used to assess the prognosis and to guide individualized treatments for patients with PRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huijun Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Huangdao District, Qingdao, P.R. China
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13
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Szász I, Koroknai V, Patel V, Hajdú T, Kiss T, Ádány R, Balázs M. Cell Proliferation Is Strongly Associated with the Treatment Conditions of an ER Stress Inducer New Anti-Melanoma Drug in Melanoma Cell Lines. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020096. [PMID: 33498201 PMCID: PMC7908983 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
HA15 is a new anti-melanoma drug that triggers endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and causes deleterious effects on melanoma cell viability due to autophagy and apoptosis, regardless of driver mutations or drug resistance. In this study, we investigated the effect of HA15 on the viability/proliferation of BRAFV600E-mutant melanoma cells using different culture conditions. In contrast to the published data, we did not detect significant melanoma cell death under normal culture conditions using HA15 treatment. Indeed, only cells that were cultured under long-term starvation conditions were sensitive to the drug. Quantitative measurements of ER stress and autophagy markers showed that the compound HA15 does not trigger stress alone but synergistically enhances ER stress under starvation conditions. Importantly, we observed that the viability of normal melanocytes decreased significantly with treatment, even at low HA15 concentrations. Finally yet importantly, we were able to generate HA15-resistant cell lines, which failed by Cerezo et al. In summary, HA15 only influences the viability of cells that are starved for several hours before and during treatment. However, this in vitro setting is far from the in vivo conditions. In addition, our data clearly show that melanoma cells can acquire HA15 resistance. Further studies are needed to prove that HA15 is an effective anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Szász
- MTA-DE Public Health Research Group, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.S.); (V.K.); (R.Á.)
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Viktória Koroknai
- MTA-DE Public Health Research Group, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.S.); (V.K.); (R.Á.)
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Vikas Patel
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Tibor Hajdú
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Tímea Kiss
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Róza Ádány
- MTA-DE Public Health Research Group, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.S.); (V.K.); (R.Á.)
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Margit Balázs
- MTA-DE Public Health Research Group, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.S.); (V.K.); (R.Á.)
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-5251-2764
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Sakamoto H, Yamasaki T, Sumiyoshi T, Takeda M, Shibasaki N, Utsunomiya N, Arakaki R, Akamatsu S, Kobayashi T, Inoue T, Kamba T, Nakamura E, Ogawa O. Functional and genomic characterization of patient-derived xenograft model to study the adaptation to mTORC1 inhibitor in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2021; 10:119-134. [PMID: 33107222 PMCID: PMC7826464 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, which are a standard treatment for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), eventually develops in most cases. In this study, we established a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model which acquired resistance to the mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus, and explored the underlying mechanisms of resistance acquisition. Temsirolimus was administered to PDX model mice, and one cohort of PDX models acquired resistance after repeated passages. PDX tumors were genetically analyzed by whole-exome sequencing and detected several genetic alterations specific to resistant tumors. Among them, mutations in ANKRD12 and DNMT1 were already identified in the early passage of a resistant PDX model, and we focused on a DNMT1 mutation as a potential candidate for developing the resistant phenotype. While DNMT1 expression in temsirolimus-resistant tumors was comparable with the control tumors, DNMT enzyme activity was decreased in resistant tumors compared with controls. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9-mediated heterozygous knockdown of DNMT1 in the temsirolimus-sensitive ccRCC (786-O) cell line was shown to result in a temsirolimus-resistant phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Integrated gene profiles using methylation and microarray analyses of PDX tumors suggested a global shift for the hypomethylation status including promotor regions, and showed the upregulation of several molecules that regulate the mTOR pathway in temsirolimus-resistant tumors. Present study showed the feasibility of PDX model to explore the mechanisms of mTOR resistance acquisition and suggested that genetic alterations, including that of DNMT1, which alter the methylation status in cancer cells, are one of the potential mechanisms of developing resistance to temsirolimus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromasa Sakamoto
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Toshinari Yamasaki
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Takayuki Sumiyoshi
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Masashi Takeda
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Noboru Shibasaki
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Noriaki Utsunomiya
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Ryuichiro Arakaki
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Shusuke Akamatsu
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Takahiro Inoue
- Department of Nephro‐Urologic Surgery and AndrologyMie University Graduate School of MedicineTsuJapan
| | - Tomomi Kamba
- Department of UrologyKumamoto University Graduate School of Medical SciencesKumamotoJapan
| | - Eijiro Nakamura
- DSK Project, Medical Innovation CenterKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Osamu Ogawa
- Department of UrologyKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
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15
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Wang L, Li Y, Lyu Y, Wen H, Feng C. Association between copy-number alteration of +20q, -14q and -18p and cross-sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:482. [PMID: 33041663 PMCID: PMC7541266 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01585-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aim to explore association between copy number alteration (CNA) and sensitivity to common tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) used in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) treatment. Methods CNA with related sensitivity profiles were extracted from the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) dataset and was cross-referenced with common CNA in ccRCC in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Functional annotation was profiled using GSEA and NET-GE. Target genes within cytobands of interest were screened in silico and validated in vitro using proliferation assays in A498 and 786-O ccRCC cells. Results Four TKIs (Sunitinib, Cabozantinib, Axitinib and Sorafenib) that were clinically used in ccRCC were selected. In silico analysis showed gain of 20q (+20q) occurred in ~ 23% of cases and was associated with resistance to all four TKIs; loss of 14q (−14q) occurred in ~ 39% of cases and was associated with resistance to Sunitinib and Sorafenib; loss of 18p (−18p) occurred in ~ 39% of cases and was associated with sensitivity to Sunitinib and Sorafenib. All 3 CNAs were associated with worsened prognosis, respectively. Candidate target genes included of RBL1 on 20q, KLHL33 on 14q and ARHGAP28 on18q. In vitro validation showed RBL1 overexpression induced resistance to Sunitinib and Cabozantinib; KLHL33 silencing induced resistance to Sunitinib; ARHGAP28 silencing induced sensitivity to Cabozantinib. Functional annotation indicated FoxO signaling, hypoxic response and Wnt pathway, and Rho-related cellular adhesion were mechanistically associated with +20q, −14q and −18p, respectively. Conclusion Common CNAs in ccRCC are associated with cancer-intrinsic cross-sensitivity to common TKIs. Further validation and functional analyses are therefore needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 People's Republic of China
| | - Yinfeng Lyu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Feng
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 People's Republic of China
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16
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Sobczuk P, Brodziak A, Khan MI, Chhabra S, Fiedorowicz M, Wełniak-Kamińska M, Synoradzki K, Bartnik E, Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska A, Czarnecka AM. Choosing The Right Animal Model for Renal Cancer Research. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100745. [PMID: 32092671 PMCID: PMC7036425 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in the life expectancy of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the last decade is due to changes that have occurred in the area of preclinical studies. Understanding cancer pathophysiology and the emergence of new therapeutic options, including immunotherapy, would not be possible without proper research. Before new approaches to disease treatment are developed and introduced into clinical practice they must be preceded by preclinical tests, in which animal studies play a significant role. This review describes the progress in animal model development in kidney cancer research starting from the oldest syngeneic or chemically-induced models, through genetically modified mice, finally to xenograft, especially patient-derived, avatar and humanized mouse models. As there are a number of subtypes of RCC, our aim is to help to choose the right animal model for a particular kidney cancer subtype. The data on genetic backgrounds, biochemical parameters, histology, different stages of carcinogenesis and metastasis in various animal models of RCC as well as their translational relevance are summarized. Moreover, we shed some light on imaging methods, which can help define tumor microstructure, assist in the analysis of its metabolic changes and track metastasis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Sobczuk
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Brodziak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mohammed Imran Khan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Stuti Chhabra
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
| | - Michał Fiedorowicz
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Str., Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marlena Wełniak-Kamińska
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Str., Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kamil Synoradzki
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Str., Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa Bartnik
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna M Czarnecka
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Str., Warsaw, Poland.
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17
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Xie L, Li H, Zhang L, Ma X, Dang Y, Guo J, Liu J, Ge L, Nan F, Dong H, Yan Z, Guo X. Autophagy-related gene P4HB: a novel diagnosis and prognosis marker for kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:1828-1842. [PMID: 32003756 PMCID: PMC7053637 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy can protect cells and organisms from stressors such as nutrient deprivation, and is involved in many pathological processes including human cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the role of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) in cancer. In this study, we investigated the gene expression of 222 ARGs in 1048 Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (KIRC) cases, from 5 independent cohorts. The gene expression of ARGs were first evaluated in the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) by Recevier Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis to select potential biomarkers with extremely high ability in KIRC detection (AUC≥0.85 and p<0.0001). Then in silico procedure progressively leads to the selection of two genes in a three rounds of validation performed in four human KIRC-patients datasets including two independent Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, Oncomine dataset and Human Protein Atlas dataset. Finally, only P4HB (Prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta polypeptide) gene was experimentally validated by RT-PCR between control kidney cells and cancer cells. Following univariate and multivariate analyses of TCGA-KIRC clinical data showed that P4HB expression is an independent prognostic indicator of unfavorable overall survival (OS) for KIRC patients. Based on these findings, we proposed that P4HB might be one potential novel KIRC diagnostic and prognostic biomarker at both mRNA and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxiang Xie
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Huimin Li
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yifang Dang
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jinshuai Guo
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Linna Ge
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Fangmei Nan
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Huan Dong
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhongyi Yan
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiangqian Guo
- Department of Predictive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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18
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Chong ST, Tan KM, Kok CYL, Guan SP, Lai SH, Lim C, Hu J, Sturgis C, Eng C, Lam PYP, Ngeow J. IL13RA2 Is Differentially Regulated in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma vs Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:5573-5584. [PMID: 31290966 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2019-00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The interleukin-13 receptor alpha2 (IL13RA2), which is known to be overexpressed in glioblastoma multiforme, plays a role in various cellular processes such as cell migration that may contribute to tumor progression. Studies have attributed IL13RA2 to invasion and metastasis in cancers of the ovary, breast, and pancreas, but the pathological role of IL13RA2 in thyroid cancer is still unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate IL13RA2 expression in thyroid carcinomas and to examine the role of IL13RA2 in the progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS IL13RA2 immunochemical staining was performed on tissue microarrays of 137 thyroid carcinomas from patients, and the differential profile of IL13RA2 was validated in thyroid cancer cell lines. In PTC cell lines, we functionally assessed the effects of IL13RA2 underexpression and overexpression on cell proliferation, cell migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by using CCK-8, transwell migration assay, quantitative RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. RESULTS IL13RA2 expression was significantly correlated with advanced tumor T stage (pT3 or pT4; P = 0.001) and regional lymph node metastasis (pN1; P < 0.001). The staining scores of IL13RA2 were significantly higher in PTC compared with follicular subtypes (P < 0.001) and correlated with advanced tumor stage among PTC samples (pT3 or pT4; P = 0.028). Knockdown of IL13RA2 in B-CPAP cells significantly reduced cell viability, cell migration, and EMT markers including N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Snail. Exogenous overexpression of IL13RA2 in K1 cells increased cell migration and EMT, although cell proliferation was not affected. CONCLUSION IL13RA2 is differentially regulated in PTC and is involved in cell migration by enhancing EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siao Ting Chong
- Cancer Genetics Service, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Khee Ming Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Catherine Y L Kok
- Cellular and Molecular Research Division, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Shou Ping Guan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Division, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Siang Hui Lai
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Cindy Lim
- Department of Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiancheng Hu
- Cellular and Molecular Research Division, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Charles Sturgis
- Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Charis Eng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, and Germline High Risk Cancer Focus Group, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Paula Y P Lam
- Cellular and Molecular Research Division, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Joanne Ngeow
- Cancer Genetics Service, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore
- Oncology Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
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19
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Xiao Y, Yang Y, Wang Y, Li X, Wang W. Five Novel Genes Related to the Pathogenesis and Progression of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors by Bioinformatics Analysis With RT-qPCR Verification. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:937. [PMID: 31607839 PMCID: PMC6771308 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore novel related genes and potential biomarkers of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs). Materials and Methods Two data sets from ICGC and two from the NCBI GEO database were used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PanNETs. The common DEGs among the four sources were analyzed; furthermore, the relationship of these gene expression patterns with different PanNET grades, their mutation status and corresponding impact on prognosis, the interaction network, and the relationship with three known PanNET genes (ATRX, DAXX, and MEN1) were analyzed by two other GEO data and cBioPortal database. Finally, the expressions of novel DEGs were validated in Chinese PanNET tissues by RT-qPCR. Results Five new DEGs (ABCC8, PCSK2, IL13RA2, KLKB1, and PART1) and one confirmed DEG-ISL1 were identified. The mutation counts of DEGs increased with the tumor grade increasing from G1 to G3, and PanNET patients present vascular invasion or are deceased. These DEG expression patterns in PanNETs are quite different from that of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and are related to A–D–M (ATRX–DAXX–MEN1) mutation. ABCC8 and KLKB1 are co-occurrence with the A–D–M axis in PanNETs. Importantly, patients with DEG mutations have a lower survival rate. RT-qPCR verification results of KLKB1 (P < 0.01), IL13RA2 (P < 0.01), ABCC8 (P < 0.01), and PART1 (P < 0.0001) expressions in Chinese PanNET tissues are consistent with our database analysis, which were significantly up-regulated. However, the expression of PCSK2 (P < 0.01) was contrary to our bioinformatics analysis, which was significantly down-regulated, suggesting that the expression trend of PCSK2 may be different among different races. These results indicated that these five genes may play an important role in the occurrence and progression of PanNETs. Conclusion Five novel common DEGs identified are related to the development and prognosis of PanNETs and may serve as specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuemei Yang
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Headquarters General Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoou Li
- Department of Pathology, DaXing Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenze Wang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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20
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Fang L, Zhang Y, Zang Y, Chai R, Zhong G, Li Z, Duan Z, Ren J, Xu Z. HP-1 inhibits the progression of ccRCC and enhances sunitinib therapeutic effects by suppressing EMT. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 223:115109. [PMID: 31427001 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Trametes robiniophila Murr (Huaier) has been used for many years as an adjuvant treatment for tumors. Sunitinib is the first-line therapy for end-stage renal cancer, but its side effects and drug resistance limit its clinical application. Cell counting kit- 8 (CCK-8), colony formation, scratch, and Transwell assays showed that Huaier polysaccharide (HP-1) reduced tumor progression. Its combination with sunitinib elicited stronger antitumor effects, including induction of apoptosis and cycle arrest. HP-1-induced effects depended on CIP2A downregulation and suppression of the EMT process. Moreover, qPCR and western blotting experiments showed that CIP2A downregulation was particularly pronounced after treatment with the combination therapy and was associated with EMT suppression. In addition, the HP-1/sunitinib combination inhibited the PI3K/Akt/VEGFR pathway, reducing the expression of pathway-related proteins. The HP-1-induced enhancement of sunitinib effects on tumor growth were also observed in vivo in a xenograft mouse model. Overall, these results indicated that HP-1 exerted antitumor effects against clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of sunitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Fang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yuanwei Zang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Rong Chai
- Department of Emergency, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Guangxin Zhong
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zeyan Li
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zhichen Duan
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Juchao Ren
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Zhonghua Xu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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21
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Wierzbicki PM, Klacz J, Kotulak-Chrzaszcz A, Wronska A, Stanislawowski M, Rybarczyk A, Ludziejewska A, Kmiec Z, Matuszewski M. Prognostic significance of VHL, HIF1A, HIF2A, VEGFA and p53 expression in patients with clear‑cell renal cell carcinoma treated with sunitinib as first‑line treatment. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:371-390. [PMID: 31268155 PMCID: PMC6615924 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of renal cell cancer, characterized by the highest mortality rate among other RCC subtypes due to the occurrence of metastasis and drug resistance following surgery. The Von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (VHL)-hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit α (HIF1A)/hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF2A)-vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) protein axis is involved in the development and progression of ccRCC, whereas sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, blocks the binding of VEGFA to its receptor. The aim of the present study was to examine the possible association of the gene expression of VHL, HIF1A, HIF2A, VEGFA and tumor protein P53 (P53) in cancer tissue with the outcome of ccRCC patients who were treated with sunitinib as first-line therapy following nephrec-tomy. A total of 36 ccRCC patients were enrolled, 11 of whom were administered sunitinib post-operatively. Tumor and control samples were collected, and mRNA and protein levels were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. High mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF2A and VEGFA were found to be associated with shorter overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates, as well as with unfavorable risk factors of cancer recurrence and mortality. Resistance to sunitinib was also observed; the OS and PFS rates were shorter (median OS and PFS: 12 and 6 months, respectively, vs. undetermined). Sunitinib resistance was associated with high HIF2A and VEGFA protein levels (b=0.57 and b=0.69 for OS and PFS, respectively; P<0.001). Taken together, the findings of this study suggest that the protein levels of HIF2A and VEGFA in tumor tissue may serve as independent prognostic factors in ccRCC. ccRCC patients with increased intratumoral HIF2A and VEGFA protein levels, and unaltered VHL protein levels, are not likely to benefit from sunitinib treatment following nephrectomy; however, this hypothesis requires verification by large-scale replication studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr M Wierzbicki
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jakub Klacz
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80402 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Kotulak-Chrzaszcz
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agata Wronska
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marcin Stanislawowski
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Rybarczyk
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80211 Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Zbigniew Kmiec
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marcin Matuszewski
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80402 Gdansk, Poland
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22
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Luo L, Liang Y, Ding X, Ma X, Zhang G, Sun L. Significance of cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2 and CD133 levels in sunitinib-resistant renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:1442-1450. [PMID: 31423209 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the mechanism underlying sunitinib resistance. The parental human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell line 786-O was continuously exposed to various doses of sunitinib to obtain sunitinib-resistant cells (786-O/S). Cell proliferation and colony formation assays were performed to assess the survival of 786-O/S cells. The half-inhibitory concentration for the drug-resistant cells was calculated. 786-O/S cells demonstrated notably morphological changes compared with parental cells. Compared with 786-O cells, 786-O/S cells exhibited stronger proliferative and colony-forming abilities. Western blot analysis was performed to measure the levels of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of COX-2 and cluster of differentiation (CD) 133 in both 786-O and 786-O/S cells. Following incubation of the two cell lines with celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, RT-qPCR was performed to detect the expression of COX-2 and CD133, and western blot analysis was used to assess the expression of CD133. The results revealed that the levels of COX-2 and PGE2 were significantly higher in 786-O/S cells compared with 786-O cells (P<0.01). Similarly, the expression of CD133 was 24-fold higher in 786-O/S compared with the parental cells (P<0.01). When celecoxib was incubated with the two cell lines, the expression of COX-2 and CD133 decreased significantly (P<0.0001). In summary, the results indicate that activation of the COX-2-PGE2 pathway in RCC leads to the development of sunitinib resistance and may serve an important role in the maintenance of the characteristics of stem cells that are closely associated with drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Luo
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Ye Liang
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Operating Room, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaocheng Ma
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Guiming Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Lijiang Sun
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong 266003, P.R. China
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23
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Verstockt B, Perrier C, De Hertogh G, Cremer J, Creyns B, Van Assche G, Ferrante M, Ceuppens JL, Vermeire S, Breynaert C. Effects of Epithelial IL-13Rα2 Expression in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2983. [PMID: 30619339 PMCID: PMC6305625 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mucosal IL-13 Receptor alpha 2 (IL13RA2) mRNA expression is one of the best predictive markers for primary non-responsiveness to infliximab therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The objective of this study was to understand how IL-13Rα2, a negative regulator of IL-13 signaling, can contribute to IBD pathology. Methods:IL13RA2 knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice were exposed to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water to induce colitis. Furthermore, mucosal biopsies and resection specimen of healthy individuals and IBD patients before the start of anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy were obtained for immunohistochemistry and gene expression analysis. Results: After induction of DSS colitis, IL13RA2 KO mice had similar disease severity, but recovered more rapidly than WT animals. Goblet cell numbers and mucosal architecture were also more rapidly restored in IL13RA2 KO mice. In mucosal biopsies of active IBD patients, immunohistochemistry revealed that IL-13Rα2 protein was highly expressed in epithelial cells, while expression was restricted to goblet cells in healthy controls. Mucosal IL13RA2 mRNA negatively correlated with mRNA of several goblet cell-specific and barrier genes, and with goblet cell numbers. Conclusions: The data suggest that IL-13Rα2 on epithelial cells contributes to IBD pathology by negatively influencing goblet cell recovery, goblet cell function and epithelial restoration after injury. Therefore, blocking IL-13Rα2 could be a promising target for restoration of the epithelial barrier in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Verstockt
- KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Clémentine Perrier
- KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gert De Hertogh
- KU Leuven, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Cremer
- KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brecht Creyns
- KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gert Van Assche
- KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Ferrante
- KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan L. Ceuppens
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Séverine Vermeire
- KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Breynaert
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
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24
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Lin C, Liu H, Zhang H, He H, Li H, Shen Z, Qin J, Qin X, Xu J, Sun Y. Interleukin-13 receptor α2 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer after gastrectomy. Oncotarget 2018; 7:49281-49288. [PMID: 27351230 PMCID: PMC5226507 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interleukin-13 receptor α2 (IL-13Rα2) plays a vital role in the invasion and metastasis of various types of cancer, but its role in prognosis of patients with gastric cancer remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of IL-13Rα2 expression on the prognostic value in gastric cancer patients after surgery. Results Increased expression of IL-13Rα2 in tumoral tissue was associated with decreased overall survival rate (P < 0.001). IL-13Rα2 expression was an independent prognostic indicator for gastric cancer (P < 0.001). Stratification analyses showed IL-13Rα2 expression could give some additional prognostic information in tumors of different stages, especially in advanced tumors. Integrating IL-13Rα2 expression with generated a better nomogram that was validated by the validation set to predict the 5-year overall survival. Methods IL-13Rα2 expression was evaluated by tissue microarrays from 507 gastric cancer patients from two academic medical centers and statistically assessed for correlations with the clinical profiles and the prognosis of the patients with gastric cancer. The prognostic nomogram was designed to predict 5-year overall survival probability. Conclusions IL-13Rα2 expression might be an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer after surgical resection and could potentially be a high-priority therapeutic target. Incorporating IL-13Rα2 expression into the TNM staging system can provide a good prognostic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyong He
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - He Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenbin Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiejie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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25
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Newman JP, Wang GY, Arima K, Guan SP, Waters MR, Cavenee WK, Pan E, Aliwarga E, Chong ST, Kok CYL, Endaya BB, Habib AA, Horibe T, Ng WH, Ho IAW, Hui KM, Kordula T, Lam PYP. Interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 cooperates with EGFRvIII signaling to promote glioblastoma multiforme. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1913. [PMID: 29203859 PMCID: PMC5715073 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01392-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The interleukin-13 receptor alpha2 (IL-13Rα2) is a cancer-associated receptor overexpressed in human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). This receptor is undetectable in normal brain which makes it a highly suitable target for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. However, the pathological role of this receptor in GBM remains to be established. Here we report that IL-13Rα2 alone induces invasiveness of human GBM cells without affecting their proliferation. In contrast, in the presence of the mutant EGFR (EGFRvIII), IL-13Rα2 promotes GBM cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the cytoplasmic domain of IL-13Rα2 specifically binds to EGFRvIII, and this binding upregulates the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFRvIII and activates the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and STAT3 pathways. Our findings support the "To Go or To Grow" hypothesis whereby IL-13Rα2 serves as a molecular switch from invasion to proliferation, and suggest that targeting both receptors with STAT3 signaling inhibitor might be a therapeutic approach for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer P Newman
- Laboratory of Cancer Gene Therapy, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11, Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Grace Y Wang
- Laboratory of Cancer Gene Therapy, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11, Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.,Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA, 94609, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Arima
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, 840-8502, Japan
| | - Shou P Guan
- Laboratory of Cancer Gene Therapy, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11, Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Michael R Waters
- School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | | | - Edward Pan
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Edita Aliwarga
- Laboratory of Cancer Gene Therapy, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11, Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Siao T Chong
- Laboratory of Cancer Gene Therapy, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11, Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Catherine Y L Kok
- Laboratory of Cancer Gene Therapy, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11, Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Berwini B Endaya
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, 4222, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amyn A Habib
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and the North Texas VA Medical Center, Dallas, 75390, USA
| | - Tomohisa Horibe
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Wai H Ng
- National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Ivy A W Ho
- Laboratory of Cancer Gene Therapy, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11, Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.,National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Kam M Hui
- Bek Chai Heah Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cells Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Dr, Singapore, 117596, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Proteos, 61 Biopolis Dr, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Tomasz Kordula
- School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Paula Y P Lam
- Laboratory of Cancer Gene Therapy, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11, Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore. .,Cancer and Stem Cells Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. .,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive, MD9, Singapore, 117593, Singapore.
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26
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Inoue T, Terada N, Kobayashi T, Ogawa O. Patient-derived xenografts as in vivo models for research in urological malignancies. Nat Rev Urol 2017; 14:267-283. [PMID: 28248952 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2017.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lack of appropriate models that recapitulate the complexity and heterogeneity of urological tumours precludes most of the preclinical reagents that target urological tumours from receiving regulatory approval. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are characterized by direct engraftment of patient-derived tumour fragments into immunocompromised mice. PDXs can maintain the original histology, as well as the molecular and genetic characteristics of the source tumour. Thus, PDX models have various advantages over conventional cell-line-derived xenograft (CDX) and other models, which has resulted in an increase in the use of urological tumour PDXs in the analysis of tumour biology and, importantly, for drug development and treatment decisions in personalized medicine. PDX models of urological malignancies have great potential to be used for both basic and clinical research, but limitations exist and need to be overcome. In particular, several agents targeting the immune system have shown promising results in kidney and bladder cancer; however, establishing PDX models in mice with an intact immune system so that an immune response against the tumour is triggered is important to investigate these new therapeutics. Moreover, international collaboration to share PDX models is essential for research concerning fatal urological tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Inoue
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 6068507, Japan
| | - Naoki Terada
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 6068507, Japan
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 6068507, Japan
| | - Osamu Ogawa
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawaharacho Shogoin Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 6068507, Japan
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27
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Meng M, Liao H, Zhang B, Pan Y, Kong Y, Liu W, Yang P, Huo Z, Cao Z, Zhou Q. Cigarette smoke extracts induce overexpression of the proto-oncogenic gene interleukin-13 receptor α2 through activation of the PKA-CREB signaling pathway to trigger malignant transformation of lung vascular endothelial cells and angiogenesis. Cell Signal 2016; 31:15-25. [PMID: 27986643 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a major cause of lung cancer. Tumor-associated endothelial cells (TAECs) play important roles in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. However, whether cigarette smoking can trigger genesis of lung TAECs has not been reported yet. In the current study, we used lung endothelial cell (EC) lines as a model to study the pathological effect of cigarette smoke extracts (CSEs) on human lung ECs, and found that a lower dose of 4% CSEs obviously caused abnormal morphological changes in ECs, increased the permeability of endothelial monolayer, while a higher concentration of 8% CSEs caused EC apoptosis. Strikingly, CSEs induced a 117-fold overexpression of a pro-tumorigenic interleukin-13 receptor α2 gene (IL-13Rα2, also named as CT-19) through activation of the protein kinase A (PKA) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway. A PKA specific inhibitor H89 completely abolished CSEs-induced IL-13Rα2 overexpression. The overexpression of IL-13Rα2 in lung ECs significantly increased the tumorigenic, migratory, and angiogenic capabilities of the cells, suggesting that IL-13Rα2 promotes genesis of lung TAECs. Together, our data show that CSEs activate the PKA, CREB, and IL-13Rα2 axis in lung ECs, and IL-13Rα2 promotes the malignant transformation of lung ECs and genesis of TAECs with robust angiogenic and oncogenic capabilities. Our study provides new insight into the mechanism of CSEs-triggered lung cancer angiogenesis and tumorigenesis, suggesting that the PKA-CREB-IL-13Rα2 axis is a potential target for novel anti-lung tumor angiogenesis and anti-lung cancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Meng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Huaidong Liao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yanyan Pan
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Wenming Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zihe Huo
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zhifei Cao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Quansheng Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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Arakaki R, Yamasaki T, Kanno T, Shibasaki N, Sakamoto H, Utsunomiya N, Sumiyoshi T, Shibuya S, Tsuruyama T, Nakamura E, Ogawa O, Kamba T. CCL2 as a potential therapeutic target for clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2016; 5:2920-2933. [PMID: 27666332 PMCID: PMC5083746 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that the pVHL‐atypical PKC‐JunB pathway contributed to promotion of cell invasiveness and angiogenesis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), and we detected chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand‐2 (CCL2) as one of downstream effectors of JunB. CCL2 plays a critical role in tumorigenesis in other types of cancer, but its role in ccRCC remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the roles and therapeutic potential of CCL2 in ccRCC. Immunohistochemical analysis of CCL2 expression for ccRCC specimens showed that upregulation of CCL2 expression correlated with clinical stage, overall survival, and macrophage infiltration. For functional analysis of CCL2 in ccRCC cells, we generated subclones of WT8 cells that overexpressed CCL2 and subclones 786‐O cells in which CCL2 expression was knocked down. Although CCL2 expression did not affect cell proliferation in vitro, CCL2 overexpression enhanced and CCL2 knockdown suppressed tumor growth, angiogenesis, and macrophage infiltration in vivo. We then depleted macrophages from tumor xenografts by administration of clodronate liposomes to confirm the role of macrophages in ccRCC. Depletion of macrophages suppressed tumor growth and angiogenesis. To examine the effect of inhibiting CCL2 activity in ccRCC, we administered CCL2 neutralizing antibody to primary RCC xenografts established from patient surgical specimens. Inhibition of CCL2 activity resulted in significant suppression of tumor growth, angiogenesis, and macrophage infiltration. These results suggest that CCL2 is involved in angiogenesis and macrophage infiltration in ccRCC, and that CCL2 could be a potential therapeutic target for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichiro Arakaki
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshinari Yamasaki
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toru Kanno
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noboru Shibasaki
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Sakamoto
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriaki Utsunomiya
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sumiyoshi
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Shibuya
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Tsuruyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eijiro Nakamura
- Laboratory for Malignancy Control Research/Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Ogawa
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kamba
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
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Abstract
As a multitargeted kinase inhibitor, sunitinib has carved its way into demonstrating itself as a most effective tyrosine kinase inhibitor in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Mechanistically, sunitinib inhibits multiple receptor tyrosine kinases, especially those involved in angiogenesis, that is, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, and proto-oncogene cKIT. Sunitinib has also been implicated in enhancing cancer invasiveness and metastasis. Mechanisms of resistance are poorly understood, but both intrinsic and acquired mechanisms are thought to be involved. While the side effects are manageable, sunitinib, like many other tyrosine kinase inhibitors, can be associated with serious toxicities that require careful management including frequent dose reductions. Although still in the early stage, emerging evidence points to an immunomodulatory role for sunitinib. It is also likely to contribute to the overall outcomes, especially those seen in metastatic renal cell carcinoma, and such effects are thought to be mediated by the proto-oncogene cKIT receptor. Combination with other modalities such as stereotactic body radiation therapy, therapeutic vaccines, and checkpoint inhibitors is being pursued for improved efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglin Hao
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ibrahim Sadek
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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30
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Wang Z, Xu Y, Zhu S. Interleukin-16 rs4778889 polymorphism contributes to the development of renal cell cancer in a Chinese population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:15228-15233. [PMID: 26823871 PMCID: PMC4713657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a case-control study to assess the role of IL-16 rs4778889, rs11556218 and rs8034928 polymorphisms in the development of RCC. This case-control study included 181 patients with RCC and 278 control patients. The genotyping of IL-16 rs4778889, rs11556218 and rs8034928 polymorphisms were performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. By χ(2) test, we found that patients with RCC were more likely to suffer from hypertension (χ(2) = 9.06, P = 0.003) and diabetes (χ(2) = 7.91, P = 0.005). By unconditional logistic regression analysis, the CC genotype of rs4778889 was associated with an increased risk of RCC compared to TT genotype, and the adjusted OR (95% CI) was 3.58 (1.59-8.31). In dominant model and recessive model, we found the rs4778889 polymorphisms were associated with an elevated increased risk of RCC, and the adjusted ORs (95% CI) were 1.64 (1.10-2.43) and 3.07 (1.40-6.98), respectively. We found that rs4778889 polymorphism had interaction with hypertension (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.01-6.00) and diabetes (OR = 6.91, 95% CI = 1.44-37.05) in the risk of RCC. In conclusion, the results of our study suggested an association between the IL-16 rs4778889 polymorphism and an elevated risk of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongping Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yipeng Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaoxing Zhu
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
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