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Novel lipid biomarkers and associated gene polymorphism in young ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Indian Heart J 2023; 75:68-72. [PMID: 36574567 PMCID: PMC9986731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasing prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in younger individuals. Lipid biomarkers such as lipoprotein-a (Lp-a), Apo A1, Apo B and Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) serve as important risk predictors for development of CAD. There is little evidence regarding the role of lipid biomarkers and their genetic polymorphisms in young (<50 years) ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. METHODS This study included 110 young (18-50 years) STEMI patients and 110 healthy controls. Serum levels of Apo A1, Apo B, Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) and Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) were estimated for both patients as well as controls. Additionally, genetic polymorphisms in the Apo A1 (75G/A) and the PON1 (Q192R) genes were evaluated. RESULTS Serum levels of apo B (101.31 ± 27.58 vs 75.31 ± 18.77 mg/dl; p < 0.0001), Lp(a) [87.56 ± 74.28 vs 25.81 ± 24.66 mg/dl, p < 0.0001] and Lp-PLA2 [5.97 ± 1.39 vs 3.49 ± 1.27 ng/mL, p < 0.0001] were significantly higher in patients as compared to controls. Serum levels of Apo A1 [44.76 ± 35.65 vs 95.97 ± 29.89; p < 0.0001] and PON1 [2.63 ± 1.5 vs 3.87 ± 1.47 ng/mL, p < 0.0001] were significantly lower in cases as compared with controls. Additionally, patients with genetic polymorphisms in the Apo A1 (75G/A) and the PON1 (Q192R) gene had an increased risk of STEMI. CONCLUSION Lipid biomarkers such as Apo A1, Apo B and PON1 and their genetic polymorphism are associated with the susceptibility for STEMI in young individuals.
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Role of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism L55M in the Paraoxonase 1 Gene as a Risk and Prognostic Factor in Acute Coronary Syndrome. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:5915-5932. [PMID: 36547064 PMCID: PMC9776864 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44120403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study is to explore the possible role of L55M, (rs 854560, 163T > A) SNP as a predisposing factor for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and to assess its potency as a prognostic biomarker for short (1 year) survival and for median (5 years) and 9-year long patients’ outcome. Methods: The current work is a prospective case-control study with 77 patients with acute coronary syndrome (53 with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, STEMI, 14 with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, NSTEMI and 10 with unstable angina, UA) and 122 control individuals. Patients were followed-up for 9 years. The genotyping for PON1 L55M SNP was carried on by PCR-RFLP method. Results: The results of the genotyping for PON1 L55M SNP showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.023) between the controls and the whole group of patients with acute coronary syndrome, as the individuals with genotype with at least one variant M allele had about 2.5-fold higher risk for developing ACS than those which are homozygous of the wild-type L allele (LL genotype). In patients with variant M allele genotypes (LM + MM) which suffer from non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTEACS, i.e., UA or NSTEMI), the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triacylglycerols (TAG) are significantly higher than in NSTEACS patients with LL genotype (p = 0.022 for TC and p = 0.015 for TAG). There was no significant difference in the survival rate at the 1st, 5th and 9th year of follow-up between ACS patients with different genotypes, although it is worth to note that in the subgroup of NSTEACS, all patients (n = 13) with variant M allele genotypes (LM + MM) were alive at the end of the first year, while 2 of the patients with LL genotype (18.2%) were dead. Conclusions: The results of our current study suggest that the variant M allele and the M allele genotypes (LM + MM) of the PON1 L55M polymorphism are risk factors for acute coronary syndrome, especially for patients with STEMI, but do not support the possible effect of this polymorphism on the clinical progression and outcome of the patients with ACS either in short or long follow-up periods.
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Nasreen FJ, Balasubramaniam G. Paraoxonase gene polymorphisms: Understanding the biochemical and genetic basis of coronary artery disease. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2022; 18:257-264. [PMID: 36817215 PMCID: PMC9926197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Serum paraoxonase (PON) is a glycoprotein with antioxidant and anti-atherosclerotic activities. The Q192R and L55M gene polymorphisms of PON have been implicated as risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) but have not been extensively explored in South Indians. We aimed to assess the Q192R and L55M genetic polymorphisms of the PON1 gene in participants with CAD, including genotypes and allele frequencies for PON1 gene polymorphism. Methods This prospective case-control study involved 20 participants in each group. Patients with angiographically demonstrated CAD were included in the case group. PON1 activity was measured, and PON gene polymorphism was determined. Serum PON was quantitatively analyzed with a RayBio® Human PON1 ELISA kit. Chi square tests were used to assess the association of the genotypes with sex and any comorbidities in cases and controls. A p value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results Mutant type L55M polymorphism was observed in 50% of patients, whereas wild type Q192R polymorphism was observed in 42.5% of the participants. The mean PON values between groups did not significantly differ, whereas PON U/L was significantly (p = 0.001) lower in the case group. The L55M polymorphism did not significantly differ between the case and the control groups (p = 0.213), whereas the Q192R polymorphism was statistically significant in cases compared with controls (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion Low plasma PON1 and HDL levels, and higher LDL, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were observed in patients with CAD. More patients with CAD than healthy individuals had Q192R polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gayathri Balasubramaniam
- Department of Biochemistry, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, India
- Corresponding address: Department of Biochemistry, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, India.
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Medina-Díaz IM, Ponce-Ruíz N, Rojas-García AE, Zambrano-Zargoza JF, Bernal-Hernández YY, González-Arias CA, Barrón-Vivanco BS, Herrera-Moreno JF. The Relationship between Cancer and Paraoxonase 1. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040697. [PMID: 35453382 PMCID: PMC9028432 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive research has been carried out to understand and elucidate the mechanisms of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) in the development of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, and inflammatory diseases. This review focuses on the relationship between PON1 and cancer. The data suggest that PON1, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and cancer are closely linked. Certainly, the gene expression of PON1 will remain challenging to study. Therefore, targeting PON1, redox-sensitive pathways, and transcription factors promise prevention and therapy in the development of several diseases, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Martha Medina-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Néstor Ponce-Ruíz
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | - Aurora Elizabeth Rojas-García
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | | | - Yael Y. Bernal-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | - Cyndia Azucena González-Arias
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | - Briscia S. Barrón-Vivanco
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | - José Francisco Herrera-Moreno
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
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Dhamija R, Gupta A, Saluja A, Saraswathy K, Imnameren L, Yadav S. PON1 (Paraoxonase 1) Q192R gene polymorphism in ischemic stroke among North Indian population. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2022; 25:100-105. [PMID: 35342250 PMCID: PMC8954313 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_571_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: PON1 is an High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)-associated esterase. Two common polymorphisms in the PON1 gene, Q192R and L55M substitutions, determine the inter-individual variation in PON1 activity. The association of these polymorphisms with the risk of ischemic stroke remains controversial. In the present study, the role of PON1 Q192R gene polymorphism in ischemic stroke was studied in the Indian population. Design and Methods: In the present case-control study, the PON1 Q192R gene polymorphism was screened in ischemic stroke patients (n: 63) and age, sex-matched controls (n: 63) using thePolymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Segment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results: The mean age of stroke presentation was 58.11 ± 15.4 years. A total of 17.4% cases presented with young stroke (<45 years age) and 9.52% cases were seen to have a recurrent stroke. The distribution of -192Q/R PON1 gene polymorphism was not seen to differ between cases and controls. The traditional stroke risk factors did not have any effect on the PON1 genotype expression. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was done in order to assess an independent association of age, gender, traditional stroke risk factors, and PON1 polymorphism with acute ischemic stroke. However, neither the RR genotype nor the presence of the R allele was associated with an increase in the risk of acute ischemic stroke (OR [RR genotype]-4.76, P value: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.3497–64.8531; OR [R allele]-0.94, P value: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.3516–2.4989). Conclusion: PON1 Q192R gene polymorphism is not associated with an increased risk of acute ischemic stroke in the North Indian population. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed before PON1 Q192R gene polymorphism can be considered as a genetic risk factor for ischemic stroke.
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Nawaka N, Pansang P, Saniwa A, Chaibut N, Jeenduang N. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) L55M and Q192R polymorphisms are not associated with chronic kidney disease in Thai individuals with type 2 diabetes. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14982. [PMID: 34637171 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and PON1 polymorphisms have been found to be associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association of the PON1 L55M and Q192R polymorphisms with CKD in T2DM, as well as their relationship with PON1 activity. METHODS A total of 166 T2DM patients, including 83 CKD patients and 83 non-CKD patients, were recruited. Biochemical parameters and paraoxonase (PONase) and arylesterase (AREase) activities were measured. The PON1 L55M and Q192R polymorphisms were analysed by a polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Data were analysed using the chi-square test, Student's t-test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Total cholesterol, TGs, LDL-C and Cr were significantly higher in CKD patients than in non-CKD patients. In contrast, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and AREase activity were significantly lower in CKD patients than in non-CKD patients (P < .05). The genotype and allele frequencies of the PON1 L55M and Q192R polymorphisms were not significantly different between CKD and non-CKD patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed no association between the PON1 L55M and Q192R polymorphisms and CKD in T2DM. In addition, among all patients, patients with the PON1 LM genotype had significantly lower PONase activity than those with the LL genotype (P < .05). Among all patients, CKD patients and non-CKD patients, those with the PON1 RR genotype had significantly higher PONase activity but lower AREase activity than patients with the QR and QQ genotypes (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS PON1 activity was influenced by the PON1 L55M and Q192R polymorphisms. However, the PON1 L55M and Q192R polymorphisms may not be considered genetic biomarkers for CKD in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nantiya Nawaka
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Pornprapa Pansang
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Afifah Saniwa
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Nathanai Chaibut
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Nutjaree Jeenduang
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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Corredor-Orlandelli D, Sambracos-Parrado S, Mantilla-García S, Tovar-Tirado J, Vega-Ramírez V, Mendoza-Ayús SD, Peña LC, Leal MF, Rodríguez-Carrillo J, León-Torres J, Pardo-Oviedo JM, Parra Abaunza K, Contreras Bravo NC, Ortega-Recalde O, Fonseca Mendoza DJ. Association between Paraoxonase-1 p.Q192R Polymorphism and Coronary Artery Disease susceptibility in the Colombian Population. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2021; 17:689-699. [PMID: 34764653 PMCID: PMC8573264 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s330766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paraoxonase-1 (PON1), a glycoprotein associated with serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL), has a central role in metabolizing lipid peroxides, exhibiting antiatherogenic properties. The polymorphism p.Q192R has been previously associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility and clopidogrel response. Purpose We aimed at investigating the association of PON1 p.Q192R with CAD and clopidogrel response in Colombian population. Patients and Methods The study was conducted among 163 patients diagnosed with CAD and treated with clopidogrel. The allele frequencies for the PON1 192Q and 192R alleles were determined in cases and Latin-American controls obtained from the public database gnomAD (n = 17,711). Response to clopidogrel was determined by assessing the platelet function using the INNOVANCE PFA-200 System. We determined the association between PON1 p.Q192R polymorphism, increased susceptibility to CAD and high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) by using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) on four genetic models. Results The allele frequencies for the PON1 192Q and 192R alleles were 0.60 and 0.40, respectively. The allele distribution was found to be statistically different from the control group and other ethnic groups. The allele 192R was positively associated with decreased susceptibility to CAD under a dominant model (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.42–0.8; P < 0.01). We found no association between the polymorphism and HPR. Conclusion We propose that PON1 p.Q192R is a potentially useful marker for CAD susceptibility in the Colombian population and lacks association with HPR under clopidogrel treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Corredor-Orlandelli
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Santiago Sambracos-Parrado
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Santiago Mantilla-García
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Josué Tovar-Tirado
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Valentina Vega-Ramírez
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Santiago David Mendoza-Ayús
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laura Catalina Peña
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Fernanda Leal
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juliana Rodríguez-Carrillo
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juanita León-Torres
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Nora Contreras Contreras Bravo
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Oscar Ortega-Recalde
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Dora Janeth Fonseca Mendoza
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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Saadat M. Prevalence and mortality of COVID-19 are associated with the L55M functional polymorphism of Paraoxonase 1. PROCEEDINGS OF SINGAPORE HEALTHCARE 2021. [PMCID: PMC9198663 DOI: 10.1177/20101058211040582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Accumulating evidence recommends that infectious diseases including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are often associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1, OMIM: 168,820), a member of the paraoxonase gene family, has antioxidant properties. Enzyme activity of paraoxonase depends on a variety of influencing factors such as polymorphisms of PON1, ethnicity, gender, age, and a number of environmental variables. The PON1 has two common functional polymorphisms, namely, Q192R (rs662) and L55M (rs854560). The R192 and M55 alleles are associated with increase and decrease in enzyme activity, respectively. Objective The present study was conducted to investigate the possible association of rs662 and rs854560 polymorphisms with morbidity and mortality of COVID-19. Methods Data for the prevalence, mortality, and amount of accomplished diagnostic test (per 106 people) on 25 November 2020 from 48 countries were included in the present study. The Human Development Index (HDI) was used as a potential confounding variable. Results The frequency of M55 was positively correlated with the prevalence (partial r = 0.487, df = 36, p = 0.002) and mortality of COVID-19 (partial r = 0.551, df = 36, p < 0.001), after adjustments for HDI and amount of the accomplished diagnostic test as possible confounders. Conclusions This means that countries with higher M55 frequency have higher prevalence and mortality of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Saadat
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Ashiq S, Ashiq K. The Role of Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Gene Polymorphisms in Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biochem Genet 2021; 59:919-939. [PMID: 33599870 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10043-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although many studies have investigated the association of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) polymorphisms with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the outcomes were not consistent and remain uncertain. Therefore, it is the need of the hour to analyze the available literature and evaluate the association of PON1 polymorphisms with the CAD. All the relevant studies published in the English language from January 1, 2000, up to September 20, 2020, were identified by searching through various electronic databases. The two researchers independently extracted the information. The data were analyzed by using the MetaGenyo program. The pooled odds ratio was used to find the associations between CAD and PON1 polymorphisms. In the final analysis, we include 10 studies regarding the association of PON1 polymorphisms (rs662 and rs854560) with CAD. Overall, the Q192R polymorphism increased the risk of CAD in the tested genetic models including the homozygote model: OR 1.35, CI 1.02-1.79; allelic model: OR 1.16, CI 1.00-1.33; dominant model: OR 1.25, CI 1.03-1.52. The L55M polymorphism does not significantly associated with CAD in all the tested genetic models including the homozygote model: OR 1.00 CI, 0.64-1.56; allelic model: OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.84-1.23; dominant model: OR 1.08, CI 0.89-1.31. Further analysis showed no publication bias exists in meta-analysis. Our findings suggested that rs662 in the coding region was significantly associated with the CAD however, rs854560 has no significant association with the disease. Nevertheless, in future, there is a need for more studies with a larger sample size which may provide a more definite conclusion.Study Registration: PROSPERO registration number CRD42020202278.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Ashiq
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan.
| | - Kanwal Ashiq
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Superior University, Lahore, Pakistan
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Sharma AR, Patagi S, Uk AR, Shetty R, Umakanth S, Satyamoorthy K, Rai PS. MirSNPs in clopidogrel metabolism genes predict cardiovascular disease risk: a case-control study and meta-analysis. Pharmacogenomics 2020; 22:99-113. [PMID: 33356544 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2020-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study was conducted to decipher the inter-relationship of SNPs and miRNAs involved in pharmacogenomics of clopidogrel on predisposition to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Materials & methods: A case-control study was conducted on 410 cases and 386 controls to analyze the association of 13 mirSNPs on CVDs risk. Genotyping was performed by tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system PCR and validated using Sanger DNA sequencing. miRNA expression analysis was performed using TaqMan assays. A meta-analysis was performed for PON1 rs662 with coronary artery disease. Results & conclusion: PON1 rs662, PON1 rs3917577, CYP3A5 rs15524, COL4A1 rs874204 and PTGIR rs1126510 polymorphisms showed association with CVDs. The miRNA hsa-miR-224-5p showed differential expression in the PON1 rs3917577 GG genotype. The meta-analysis showed the population-specific impact of PON1 rs662 on South Asian and Middle East populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Radha Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sourav Patagi
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Abdul Razak Uk
- Department of Cardiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Ranjan Shetty
- Department of Cardiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashikiran Umakanth
- Department of Medicine, Dr. T.M.A. Pai Rotary Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Padmalatha S Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
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Lacerda Leocádio PC, Dias RP, Pinto DV, Reis JM, Rodrigues Nascimento JC, Anne de Castro Brito G, Valença JT, Foureaux G, Ferreira AJ, Windmöller CC, Crespo-Lopez ME, Santos FA, Oriá RB, Alvarez-Leite JI. Pollutants and nutrition: Are methylmercury effects on blood pressure and lipoprotein profile comparable to high-fat diet in mice? ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 204:111036. [PMID: 32784013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to methylmercury (MeHg) due to contaminated fish intake as part of a high-fat (HFD), high-carbohydrate diets is a reality today for many populations. HFD is associated with hypertension and hyperlipidemia, primary cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Some studies suggest that MeHg induces those risk factors. We evaluated the effect of MeHg exposure in mice fed with HFD or control diet for eight weeks. In the last experimental 15 days, the half group received a MeHg solution (20 mg/L) replacing water. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate, lipoprotein concentrations, and paraoxonase activity were evaluated. Liver cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and IBA-1+ cells, as well as transcriptional levels of genes related to lipid metabolism and inflammatory response, were also assessed. HFD and both MeHg groups presented increased BP and total cholesterol (TC). In the liver, HFD but not MeHg was related to an increase in TC. Also, MeHg intoxication reduced paraoxonase activity regardless of diet. MeHg intoxication and HFD increased steatosis and the number of IBA-1+ cells and modified some gene transcripts associated with lipid metabolism. In conclusion, we demonstrated that MeHg effects on CVD risk factors resemble those caused by HFD.
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Ochoa-Martínez ÁC, Orta-García ST, Varela-Silva JA, Pérez-Maldonado IN. Influence of Human Paraoxonase-1 Polymorphism (Q192R) on Serum Levels of Clinical Biomarkers Indicatives of Cardiovascular Diseases Risk in Mexican Women. Biochem Genet 2020; 58:801-820. [PMID: 32519276 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-020-09975-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is a hydrolytic enzyme related in the onset, establishment, and progression of inflammatory illnesses, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Therefore, the primary goal of this investigation was to determinate the influence of the PON1 gene polymorphism (Q192R) on prognostic biomarkers of CVD in women (n = 350) from San Luis Potosi, Mexico. For everyone enrolled, anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical measurements were acquired. Q192R polymorphism of the PON1 gene was assessed by real-time PCR using TaqMan probes. Also, quantification and/or calculation of suggested predictive CVD biomarkers were completed. The association between PON1(Q192R) polymorphism with clinical predictive CVD biomarkers was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Genotype PON1 (Q192R) frequencies were: 18%, 47% and 35% for QQ, QR, and RR, respectively. Besides, the frequency of the variant R allele was 0.58. Furthermore, robust significant associations were found between PON1 (Q192R) polymorphism with serum ADMA [OR (95% CI); 3.50 (1.20-5.00), p < 0.01]; FABP4 [2.50 (2.15-3.95), p < 0.01]; and miR-126 [1.50 (1.15-2.00), p < 0.01] levels after adjusting for probable confounders. Data found in this research strongly support the notion that proposes a crucial role of PON1 enzyme (Q192R polymorphism) as a genetic determinant in the CVD risk in Mexican women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángeles C Ochoa-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Sandra T Orta-García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - José A Varela-Silva
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Iván N Pérez-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Zona Media, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Rio-verde, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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Murillo-González FE, Ponce-Ruiz N, Rojas-García AE, Rothenberg SJ, Bernal-Hernández YY, Cerda-Flores RM, Mackness M, Barrón-Vivanco BS, González-Arias CA, Ponce-Gallegos J, Medina-Díaz IM. PON1 lactonase activity and its association with cardiovascular disease. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 500:47-53. [PMID: 31626760 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is important in the development of atherosclerosis, and it has become the subject of intensive research. Our aim was to evaluate the association of serum PON1 activity and polymorphisms with cardiovascular disease (CVD) using four different substrates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Activity of PON1-related to arylesterase (AREase and 4-CMPAse), paraoxonase (PONase), and lactonase (LACase), and polymorphisms (A-162G, T-108C, L55M, and Q192R) were evaluated in subjects with CVD, cardiovascular risk factor (CFR), and controls. An ordered logistic-regression analysis of PON1 phenotypes was performed in the CVD group with respect to the control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Logistic-regression analysis showed that CC-108 genotype was associated with CRF and CVD. The CVD group had the lowest activities of PON1. The LACase might be a better biomarker for CVD (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.44-0.61) followed by CMPAse (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.77-0.86), AREase (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97-0.99) and PONase (OR, 0.99, 95% CI, 0.99-0.99). Logistic regression of PON1 phenotypes by haplotypes showed that LACase activity was not influenced by the polymorphisms and that it could be a new potential biomarker in the development of CVD. Larger scale longitudinal studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- F E Murillo-González
- Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Nayarit, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias. Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit. Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - N Ponce-Ruiz
- Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Nayarit, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias. Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit. Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - A E Rojas-García
- Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Nayarit, Mexico
| | | | - Y Y Bernal-Hernández
- Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - R M Cerda-Flores
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Facultad de Enfermería. Nuevo León, Mexico
| | | | - B S Barrón-Vivanco
- Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - C A González-Arias
- Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Nayarit, Mexico
| | | | - I M Medina-Díaz
- Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Nayarit, Mexico.
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14
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Moreno-Godínez ME, Galarce-Sosa C, Cahua-Pablo JÁ, Rojas-García AE, Huerta-Beristain G, Alarcón-Romero LDC, Cruz M, Valladares-Salgado A, Antonio-Véjar V, Ramírez-Vargas MA, Flores-Alfaro E. Genotypes of Common Polymorphisms in the PON1 Gene Associated with Paraoxonase Activity as Cardiovascular Risk Factor. Arch Med Res 2019; 49:486-496. [PMID: 30853125 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraoxonase-1(PON1) exhibits hydrolytic activity and prevents the oxidation of high and low-density lipoproteins. Polymorphisms in the PON1 gene have been associated with variations in paraoxonase activity and with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). AIM OF THE STUDY This study analyzed the association between the frequencies of genotypes of the L55 M and Q192 R SNPs in the PON1 gene with the PON1 activity and with CAD risk factors. METHODS Women, determined by body composition, biochemical markers, and arylesterase (AREase) and paraoxonase (CMPase) activities were studied. Genotyping of L55 M and Q192 R polymorphisms was performed by TaqMan. Seventeen studies were used in the meta-analysis. RESULTS A significant decrease in PON1 activity in carrying the LM/MM and QQ genotypes is identified, correlations are found between the AREase activity with glucose, cholesterol and atherogenic risk index. Carriers of the LM or MM genotype were related with obesity (OR = 1.6; p = 0.039), and the MQ haplotype has an effect on the decrease in AREase (β = ‒22.4; p <0.001) and CMPase (β = ‒3.8; p <0.001). In addition, a lower proportion of Native American admixture was observed in women with LM or MM genotype, while it was higher for the European proportion compared with the LL genotype (p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS The LL-L55 M and QR-Q192 R genotypes are identified as the most frequently in the different states or cities of the country, and genotypic proportions are different, probably depending on the genetic structure of the populations. The association that is reported more frequently in the different studies is with enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Elena Moreno-Godínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología y Salud Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Claudia Galarce-Sosa
- Laboratorio de Toxicología y Salud Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México; Laboratorio de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - José Ángel Cahua-Pablo
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Aurora Elizabeth Rojas-García
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura Amado Nervo, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Gerardo Huerta-Beristain
- Laboratorio de Toxicología y Salud Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Luz Del Carmen Alarcón-Romero
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades Bernardo Sepúlveda, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Adán Valladares-Salgado
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades Bernardo Sepúlveda, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Verónica Antonio-Véjar
- Laboratorio de Toxicología y Salud Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Marco Antonio Ramírez-Vargas
- Laboratorio de Toxicología y Salud Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México; Laboratorio de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Eugenia Flores-Alfaro
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México.
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Luo Z, Pu L, Muhammad I, Chen Y, Sun X. Associations of the PON1 rs662 polymorphism with circulating oxidized low-density lipoprotein and lipid levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:281. [PMID: 30545386 PMCID: PMC6293622 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0937-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several meta-analyses have demonstrated that the rs662 polymorphism in Paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) gene is associated with coronary heart disease (CHD). However, it is still uncertain whether this polymorphism is associated with the plasma levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and lipids. This meta-analysis is aimed to clarify the relationships between the rs662 polymorphism and plasma levels of Ox-LDL and lipids. METHODS By searching in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, VIP and CNKI databases, 5 studies (1369 subjects) and 85 studies (46,740 subjects) were respectively identified for Ox-LDL association analysis and lipid association analysis. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was used to estimate the effects of the rs662 polymorphism on plasma Ox-LDL and lipid levels. RESULTS The carriers of the variant R allele had higher levels of Ox-LDL (SMD = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.10-0.36, P < 0.01), triglyceride (TG) (SMD = 0.06, 95% CI = 0.01-0.11, P = 0.02), total cholesterol (TC) (SMD = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.00-0.07, P = 0.05) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (SMD = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.00-0.08, P = 0.04) than the non-carriers. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that the association between the PON1 rs662 polymorphism and CHD may partly be mediated by abnormal Ox-LDL and lipid levels caused by the R allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lijun Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Irfan Muhammad
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
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16
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Luo Z, Li S, Muhammad I, Karim MR, Song Y. Associations of the PON1 rs854560 polymorphism with plasma lipid levels: a meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:274. [PMID: 30509298 PMCID: PMC6278118 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have investigated the associations of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) rs854560 polymorphism with plasma lipid levels, but the results are inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify the associations of the rs854560 polymorphism with plasma lipid levels. Methods A comprehensive search of the literature was carried out by using the databases which include Medline, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and VIP database up till August 2018. The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the differences in lipid levels between the genotypes. Begg’s funnel plots and Egger’s test were used to examine the publication bias. Results A total of 41 studies (22,844 subjects) were identified for the associations of rs854560 polymorphism with plasma lipid levels. The M carriers had lower levels of high-density lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) (SMD = − 0.15, 95% CI = − 0.23--0.07, P < 0.01) and apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1) (SMD = − 0.67, 95% CI = − 0.93--0.41, P < 0.01) than the non-carriers. Subgroup analysis by ethnicity revealed that the effect on HDL level was significant in Caucasians and the subjects of other ethnic origins. No publication bias was detected in this meta-analysis. Conclusions The meta-analysis suggests that the PON1 rs854560 polymorphism is associated with a lower HDL-C level in Caucasians and subjects of other ethnic origins. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12944-018-0924-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujin Li
- School of Continuing Education, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Irfan Muhammad
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Md Rezaul Karim
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyan Song
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, and Nanchong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Drugs and Biological Products, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China.
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Kaur S, Bhatti G, Vijayvergiya R, Singh P, Mastana S, Tewari R, Bhatti J. Paraoxonase 1 Gene Polymorphisms (Q192R and L55M) Are Associated with Coronary Artery Disease Susceptibility in Asian Indians. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1159/000494508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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Marín-Palma D, Castro GA, Cardona-Arias JA, Urcuqui-Inchima S, Hernandez JC. Lower High-Density Lipoproteins Levels During Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection Are Associated With Increased Inflammatory Markers and Disease Progression. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1350. [PMID: 29963050 PMCID: PMC6010517 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are responsible for the efflux and transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver. In addition, HDL can modulate various immunological mechanisms, including the inflammatory response. Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes that have been reported to be activated during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, thus contributing to immune hyperactivation, which is the main pathogenic mechanism of HIV-1 progression. However, the relationship between HDL and inflammasomes in the context of HIV-1 infection is unclear. Therefore, this research aims to explore the association between HDL and the components of the inflammatory response during HIV-1 infection. Methodology A cross-sectional study, including 36 HIV-1-infected individuals without antiretroviral treatment and 36 healthy controls matched by sex and age, was conducted. Viral load, CD4+ T-cell counts, serum HDL, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were quantified. Serum cytokine levels, including IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18, were assessed by ELISA. The inflammasome-related genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Results HIV-1-infected individuals showed a significant decrease in HDL levels, particularly those subjects with higher viral load and lower CD4+ T-cell counts. Moreover, upregulation of inflammasome-related genes (NLRP3, AIM2, ASC, IL-1β, and IL-18) was observed, notably in those HIV-1-infected individuals with higher viral loads (above 5,000 copies/mL). Serum levels of IL-6 and CRP were also elevated in HIV-1-infected individuals. Significant negative correlations between HDL and the mRNA of NLRP3, AIM2, ASC, IL-1β, and IL-18, as well as viral load and CRP were observed in HIV-1-infected individuals. Likewise, a significant positive correlation between HDL and CD4+ T-cell counts was found. Conclusion In summary, our results indicate that HDL might modulate the expression of several key components of the inflammasomes during HIV-1 infection, suggesting a novel role of HDL in modifying the inflammatory state and consequently, the progression of HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damariz Marín-Palma
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia.,Grupo Inmunovirologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gustavo A Castro
- Grupo Inmunovirologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jaiberth A Cardona-Arias
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia.,Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Silvio Urcuqui-Inchima
- Grupo Inmunovirologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan C Hernandez
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
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Gomathi P, Iyer AC, Murugan PS, Sasikumar S, Raj NBAJ, Ganesan D, Nallaperumal S, Murugan M, Selvam GS. Association of paraoxonase-1 gene polymorphisms with insulin resistance in South Indian population. Gene 2018; 650:55-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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20
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Tajbakhsh A, Rezaee M, Rivandi M, Forouzanfar F, Afzaljavan F, Pasdar A. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and stroke; the dilemma of genetic variation. Clin Biochem 2017; 50:1298-1305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Marín D, Taborda NA, Urcuqui S, Hernandez JC. Inflamación y respuesta inmune innata: participación de las lipoproteínas de alta densidad. IATREIA 2017. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.iatreia.v30n4a06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Alharbi KK, Alnbaheen MS, Alharbi FK, Hasanato RM, Khan IA. Q192R polymorphism in the PON1 gene and familial hypercholesterolemia in a Saudi population. Ann Saudi Med 2017; 37:425-432. [PMID: 29229890 PMCID: PMC6074118 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2017.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by abnormal levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood. FH is a risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The relationship between the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene, atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease has not been studied in Saudi patients. OBJECTIVE To investigate the genetic associations of the Q192R polymorphism in the PON1 gene with FH in Saudi patients. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING Tertiary care center, Riyadh. METHODS Two hundred Saudi patients were enrolled in this study, including 100 patients with FH and 100 healthy controls, during the period from January 2012 to March 2013. Serum was separated from coagulated blood (3 mL) and used for analysis of lipid profiles. Genomic DNA was isolated from anticoagulant-treated blood (2 mL). Genotyping for the Q192R polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, followed by 3% agarose gel electrophoresis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The strength of association between the Q192R polymorphism and FH in the Saudi population. RESULTS We confirmed that QR versus QQ (odds ratio [OR]: 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-3.43; P=.03), QR+RR versus QQ (OR: 1.98; 95% CI: 1.13-3.49; P=.01), and R versus Q (OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.09- 2.59; P=.01) in the Q192R polymorphism were associated with FH in the Saudi population. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the Q192R polymorphism in the PON1 gene is associated with FH in the Saudi population. Our results confirmed that the R allele, QR, and dominant model genotypes were associated with FH. LIMITATION Only a single variant (Q192R) was analyzed, and the medical and family histories of the patients were not known.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Imran Ali Khan
- Dr. Imran Ali Khan, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences,, College of Applied Medical Sciences,, King Saud University, PO Box 10219,, Riyadh-11433, Saudi Arabia, T: +966-11-4693851, , ORCID ID: orcid.org/0000-0002-9746
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Ochoa-Martínez ÁC, Ruíz-Vera T, Almendarez-Reyna CI, Orta-García ST, Pérez-Maldonado IN. Influence on serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) concentrations of human paraoxonase 1 polymorphism (Q192R) and exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Mexican women, a gene-environment interaction. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 186:770-779. [PMID: 28821001 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) are a consequence of the combination of genetic and environmental factors and/or the interaction between them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) exposure and PON1 Q192R polymorphism (genetic susceptibility) on serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels in Mexican women (n = 206). Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations (1-OHP; exposure biomarker for PAHs) were quantified using a high-performance liquid chromatography technique, PON1 Q192R polymorphism was genotyped using TaqMan probes and serum ADMA concentrations were evaluated using a commercially available ELISA kit. Urinary 1-OHP levels detected in this study ranged from 0.07 to 9.37 μmol/mol of creatinine (0.13-18.0 μg/g of creatinine). Regarding allele frequency (PON1 Q192R polymorphism), the 192Q-allele frequency was 0.43 and for the 192R-allele it was 0.57. In relation to serum ADMA levels, the levels ranged from 0.06 to 1.46 μmol/L. Moreover, multiple linear regression analysis was performed and associations between urinary 1-OHP levels (β = 0.05, p = 0.002), PON1 Q192R polymorphism (β = 0.04, p = 0.003) and serum ADMA concentrations were found. Besides, an interaction (gene-environment interaction) of both independent variables (1-OHP and PON1 polymorphism) on serum ADMA levels was found (β = 0.04, p = 0.02) in the constructed multiple linear model. Therefore, according to the significance of this research, it is necessary to execute health programs to reduce cardiovascular risk in the assessed population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángeles C Ochoa-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Tania Ruíz-Vera
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Claudia I Almendarez-Reyna
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Sandra T Orta-García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Iván N Pérez-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Zona Media, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Rio-verde, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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Kamtchueng Simo O, Ikhlef S, Berrougui H, Khalil A. Advanced glycation end products affect cholesterol homeostasis by impairing ABCA1 expression on macrophages. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:977-984. [PMID: 28704619 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), which is intimately linked to high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), plays a key role in cholesterol homeostasis and the prevention of atherosclerosis. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of aging and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on RCT as well as on other factors that may affect the antiatherogenic property of HDLs. The transfer of macrophage-derived cholesterol to the plasma and liver and then to the feces for elimination was significantly lower in aged mice than in young mice. Chronic injection of d -galactose (D-gal) or AGEs also significantly reduced RCT (65.3% reduction in [3H]cholesterol levels in the plasma of D-gal-treated mice after 48 h compared with control mice, P < 0.01). The injection of both D-gal and aminoguanidine hydrochloride increased [3H]cholesterol levels in the plasma, although the levels were lower than those of control mice. The in vitro incubation of HDLs with dicarbonyl compounds increased the carbonyl and conjugated diene content of HDLs and significantly reduced PON1 paraoxonase activity (87.4% lower than control HDLs, P < 0.0001). Treating J774A.1 macrophages with glycated fetal bovine serum increased carbonyl formation (39.5% increase, P < 0.003) and reduced ABCA1 protein expression and the capacity of macrophages to liberate cholesterol (69.1% decrease, P < 0.0001). Our results showed, for the first time, that RCT is altered with aging and that AGEs contribute significantly to this alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Souade Ikhlef
- a Research Centre on Aging, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.,b Department of Biology, University Sultan moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Hicham Berrougui
- a Research Centre on Aging, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.,b Department of Biology, University Sultan moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- a Research Centre on Aging, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.,c Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
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Hernández-Díaz Y, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Juárez-Rojop IE, González-Castro TB, Rodríguez-Pérez C, López-Narváez ML, Rodríguez-Pérez JM, Cámara-Álvarez JF. Effects of paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphisms on heart diseases: Systematic review and meta-analysis of 64 case-control studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5298. [PMID: 27858903 PMCID: PMC5591151 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene polymorphisms and heart diseases (HD) risk remain inconsistent. In order to obtain address this issue we performed a meta-analysis to assess the association between the L55M and Q192R polymorphisms of PON1 gene and heart diseases risk. METHODS Relevant studies were enrolled by searching databases systematically. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to calculate the strength of association. Subgroup analyses were conducted for diagnostic and ethnicity. The heterogeneity among each of the studies was calculated by using Cochran Qtest and the inconsistency index (I), and Begg's funnel plot and Egger's tests were performed to evaluate publication bias. RESULT Sixty four studies involving a total of 19,715 cases and 33,397 controls were included in this meta-analysis. We found that the L55M polymorphism showed a significant association with heart diseases in Europeans (OR 1.44, 95%CI 1.33-1.56) and Asians (OR 1.18, 95%CI 1.03-1.35). This meta-analysis also showed a protective association of Q192R polymorphism with HD in Asian (OR 0.49, 95%CI 0.37-0.66) and African populations (OR 0.67, 95%CI 0.53-0.84). The 192R allele significantly decreased the risk of myocardial infarction (OR 0.75, 95%CI 0.57-0.99) and coronary artery disease (OR 0.91, 95%CI 0.84-0.98); however, individuals with 192Q allele had a markedly increased risk of coronary artery disease development (OR 1.38, 95%CI 1.22-1.56). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the genetic risk for heart diseases is associated with the PON1 gene polymorphisms. L55M polymorphism is a risk factor and Q192R polymorphism is protective in certain populations. It is worth noting that the 192Q allele may be a risk factor to develop coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazmín Hernández-Díaz
- Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Jalpa de Mendez Jalpa de Mendez
| | | | | | - Thelma Beatriz González-Castro
- Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Jalpa de Mendez Jalpa de Mendez
- Correspondence: Thelma Beatriz González Castro, Academic Division Multidisciplinary Jalpa de Méndez, Road Nacajuca-Jalpa de Mendez, Rancheria Rivera Alta, P.C. 86205, Jalpa de Mendez, Tabasco, Mexico (e-mail: )
| | - Candelario Rodríguez-Pérez
- Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Jalpa de Mendez Jalpa de Mendez
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Mitra S, Kshatriya GK. Genetic variation at Q192R and L55M polymorphisms in PON1. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 45:251-256. [PMID: 27341351 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Earlier we have reported Q192R allele frequencies among four Indian populations as a part of an investigation of the distribution of Paraoxonase 1 polymorphisms. Here we present the results obtained after screening eleven populations representing different regions of India for Q192R and L55M. Population genetic analysis examining the effect of micro-evolutionary forces at these loci confirmed genetic differentiation at Q192R earlier suggested. The study groups showed high frequencies of L55 and differential distribution of Q192 and R192. Tests for deviation from neutrality indicated heterozygote excess at rs662 which has Q192R polymorphism. Higher levels of heterozygosity at Q192R than L55M might be because of its role in wide substrate specificity of the enzyme. A small but highly significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances was observed in a spatial autocorrelation analysis indicating non-random distribution of Q192 allele. Our findings are pertinent to toxicogenetic studies evaluating risk assessment towards organophosphate compounds among different continental groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siuli Mitra
- Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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