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Valle L, Katz LH, Latchford A, Mur P, Moreno V, Frayling IM, Heald B, Capellá G. Position statement of the International Society for Gastrointestinal Hereditary Tumours (InSiGHT) on APC I1307K and cancer risk. J Med Genet 2023; 60:1035-1043. [PMID: 37076288 PMCID: PMC10646901 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2022-108984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
While constitutional pathogenic variants in the APC gene cause familial adenomatous polyposis, APC c.3920T>A; p.Ile1307Lys (I1307K) has been associated with a moderate increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), particularly in individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish descent. However, published data include relatively small sample sizes, generating inconclusive results regarding cancer risk, particularly in non-Ashkenazi populations. This has led to different country/continental-specific guidelines regarding genetic testing, clinical management and surveillance recommendations for I1307K. A multidisciplinary international expert group endorsed by the International Society for Gastrointestinal Hereditary Tumours (InSiGHT), has generated a position statement on the APC I1307K allele and its association with cancer predisposition. Based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence published, the aim of this document is to summarise the prevalence of the APC I1307K allele and analysed the evidence of the associated cancer risk in different populations. Here we provide recommendations on the laboratory classification of the variant, define the role of predictive testing for I1307K, suggest recommendations for cancer screening in I1307K heterozygous and homozygous individuals and identify knowledge gaps to be addressed in future research studies. Briefly, I1307K, classified as pathogenic, low penetrance, is a risk factor for CRC in individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish origin and should be tested in this population, offering carriers specific clinical surveillance. There is not enough evidence to support an increased risk of cancer in other populations/subpopulations. Therefore, until/unless future evidence indicates otherwise, individuals of non-Ashkenazi Jewish descent harbouring I1307K should be enrolled in national CRC screening programmes for average-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Valle
- Hereditary Cancer Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Oncobell Programme, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lior H Katz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Andrew Latchford
- The Polyposis Registry, St Mark's Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Harrow, UK
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Pilar Mur
- Hereditary Cancer Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Oncobell Programme, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Cancer Plan, Department of Health of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno
- Oncobell Programme, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Oncology Data Analytics Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex System (UBICS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ian M Frayling
- Inherited Tumour Syndromes Research Group, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Brandie Heald
- Sanford R. Weiss MD Center for Hereditary Colorectal Neoplasia, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Gabriel Capellá
- Hereditary Cancer Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Oncobell Programme, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
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Predictors of the CD24/CD11b Biomarker among Healthy Subjects. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11090939. [PMID: 34575716 PMCID: PMC8471999 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The CD24 gene has raised considerable interest in tumor biology as a new prognostic factor and a biomarker for the early detection of cancer. There are currently no studies that assess predictors of CD24 in blood tests among healthy individuals. Our aims were (1) to evaluate predictors of the CD24/CD11b biomarker among healthy subjects and (2) to assess CD24/CD11b levels of participants with and without benign tumors. Our cohort included 1640 healthy subjects, aged 20-85, recruited at the Health Promotion and Integrated Cancer Prevention Center (ICPC) in the Tel Aviv Medical Center. Eligible subjects completed a detailed questionnaire on medical history and other epidemiologic information. CD24/CD11b expression in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) obtained from blood samples of participants was analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results showed that the average levels of CD24/CD11b in healthy patients (22.8 ± 9.3) was statistically significant lower compared to subjects with benign cancers (26.1 ± 10.5, p < 0.001). Our multivariable analysis demonstrated that elevated levels of CRP (coefficient β: 1.98, p = 0.011) were significantly associated with high levels of CD24/CD11b expression among healthy participants. Other risk factors of cancer were not associated with elevated CD24 levels among healthy subjects. In conclusion, our findings may assist in further development and optimization of the CD24/CD11b biomarker to serve as a cancer screening test for early detection of cancer among the healthy population.
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Ni YH, Zhao X, Wang W. CD24, A Review of its Role in Tumor Diagnosis, Progression and Therapy. Curr Gene Ther 2021; 20:109-126. [PMID: 32576128 DOI: 10.2174/1566523220666200623170738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CD24, is a mucin-like GPI-anchored molecules. By immunohistochemistry, it is widely detected in many solid tumors, such as breast cancers, genital system cancers, digestive system cancers, neural system cancers and so on. The functional roles of CD24 are either fulfilled by combination with ligands or participate in signal transduction, which mediate the initiation and progression of neoplasms. However, the character of CD24 remains to be intriguing because there are still opposite voices about the impact of CD24 on tumors. In preclinical studies, CD24 target therapies, including monoclonal antibodies, target silencing by RNA interference and immunotherapy, have shown us brighten futures on the anti-tumor application. Nevertheless, evidences based on clinical studies are urgently needed. Here, with expectancy to spark new ideas, we summarize the relevant studies about CD24 from a tumor perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hong Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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Segev L, Naboishchikov I, Kazanov D, Bernstein E, Shaked M, Arber N, Shapira S. A Dinucleotide Deletion in the CD24 Gene Is a Potential Risk Factor for Colorectal Cancer. Am Surg 2020; 86:480-485. [PMID: 32684047 DOI: 10.1177/0003134820919737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD24 is a sialoglycoprotein anchored to the cell surface via glycosylphosphatidylinositol and is involved in intracellular signaling processes. It plays an important role in the early stages of the multistep process of colorectal carcinogenesis. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms in the CD24 gene are reported to exert a diverse effect on cancer risk. We aimed to elucidate whether CD24 TG/del genetic variants are associated with susceptibility to colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS The study included 179 subjects, 36 with CRC (prior to surgery) and 143 healthy control subjects. Deoxyribonucleic acid was purified from peripheral blood leukocytes, and by using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, the CD24 gene was genotyped for the specific genetic variant, TG deletion. Additionally, CD24 protein expression levels were determined by Western blotting analysis. RESULTS The incidence of the TG/del was higher among the CRC patients compared with healthy controls, 14% and 10%, respectively (P = .54). CD24 protein levels were significantly higher among CRC patients. There were no significant differences in CD24 expression between CRC patients at different stages of the disease or between patients who carry the mutation and those who did not. CONCLUSIONS CD24 genetic variant might be of clinical value for risk assessment as part of cancer prevention programs. Further study on larger populations is needed to validate the importance of this dinucleotide deletion in CRC development. Overexpression of CD24 protein occurs early along the multistep process of CRC carcinogenesis, and a simple blood sample based on CD24 expression on peripheral blood leukocytes can contribute to early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lior Segev
- 26744 Department of Surgical Oncology, Surgery C, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,26738 Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilana Naboishchikov
- 26738 Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Diana Kazanov
- 26738 Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ezra Bernstein
- 26738 Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Meital Shaked
- 26738 Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nadir Arber
- 26738 Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,26738 Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Shiran Shapira
- 26738 Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,26738 Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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