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Michalakis K, Papagiannaki M, Hirayama H, Tsouknidas A. Mini-review: Pathways of postural disturbances tracing to the stomatognathic system. Neurosci Lett 2024; 836:137889. [PMID: 38964707 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Postural alignment is strongly shaped by inborn anatomical and nonvolitional neural factors, whereas postural stability is dynamic in nature and driven by both automatic and volitional sensorimotor processes. The sensory and motor systems responsible for these functions are tightly integrated with the central nervous system, several vital structures of which are in close proximity to the stomatognathic system. Interventions in the oral cavity have therefore been stipulated to provide sensory feedback, which may then be translated into motor function. Since the early 90 s, numerous intervention studies have provided evidence of this correlation, with traditional views advocating that causative factors are mainly indirect. Dynamic postural responses were thus predominantly considered manifestations of head displacement, with most studies identifying potential connections along active and passive muscular interactions. The consideration however, that neuromuscular adaptations of whole-body dynamics might extend beyond biomechanical responses and involve direct pathways as well, has led to a recent paradigm shift, challenging conventional perspectives. Among the suggested pathways are central projections of trigeminal afferents, providing inputs for the oculomotor system, as well as active and passive muscular interactions. Further intervention studies indicate a sensory integration of the stomatognathic system to proprioception, likely through neural networks that work in concert with visual cues and the vestibular organs. Building on this accumulating pool of evidence, a timely perspective is provided on a critical yet underexplored aspect of neurophysiology: the intricate interplay between the cranio-cervico-mandibular system and the broader framework of body posture.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Michalakis
- Laboratory of Applied Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Sciences & Biomaterials, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston MA-02111, USA; Center for Multiscale and Translational Mechanobiology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - M Papagiannaki
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Western Macedonia, 50200 Ptolemaida, Greece
| | - H Hirayama
- Laboratory of Applied Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Sciences & Biomaterials, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston MA-02111, USA
| | - A Tsouknidas
- Laboratory of Applied Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Sciences & Biomaterials, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston MA-02111, USA; Laboratory for Biomaterials and Computational Mechanics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, University Campus ZEP, 50100 Kozani, Greece.
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Cao R, Zhang X, Xu Y, Zhao W, Qiu P, Liu W. Influence of wearing mouthguards on performance among athletes: A systematic review. J Sci Med Sport 2023; 26:493-503. [PMID: 37524627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While the use of mouthguards is well established to prevent orofacial and dental trauma occurrence, limited evidence exists regarding their influence on athletic performance. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to assess the effect of wearing mouthguards on athletic performance. DESIGN Systematic review. METHODS An extensive search was performed in the databases of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library for studies published up to August 2022. Only peer-reviewed studies involving humans in vivo and investigating the use of mouthguards on performance among athletes were included. Quality assessment was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. RESULTS The initial query yielded 4785 citations, of which 41 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 852 athletes. Overall, wearing mouthguards was found to improve athletic performance compared to the control group (without mouthguards). Custom-made mouthguards were found to be more effective in enhancing athletic performance compared to other types of mouthguards. CONCLUSIONS Wearing mouthguards should be advocated by athletes not only for the prevention of orofacial and dental trauma but also for their potential improvements in athletic performance in specific actions. However, caution must be exercised in interpreting these findings due to the variability in outcome measures and the lack of important methodological details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongkai Cao
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, PR China
| | - Xuehan Zhang
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, PR China
| | - Yifan Xu
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, PR China
| | - Piaopiao Qiu
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, PR China
| | - Weicai Liu
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, PR China.
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Tramonti Fantozzi MP, De Cicco V, d’Ascanio P, Cataldo E, De Cicco D, Bruschini L, Barresi M, Faraguna U, Manzoni D. Trigeminal Stimulation and Visuospatial Performance: The Struggle between Chewing and Trigeminal Asymmetries. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2307. [PMID: 37626803 PMCID: PMC10452603 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chewing improves visuospatial performance through locus coeruleus (LC) activation. The effects of bilateral and unilateral mastication were investigated in subjects showing different degrees of asymmetry in masseter electromyographic (EMG) activity during clenching and in pupil size at rest (anisocoria), which is a proxy of LC imbalance. Correlations between performance changes and asymmetry values were found in males, but not in females. Among males, subjects with low asymmetry values (balanced-BAL) were more sensitive than those with high asymmetry values (imbalanced-IMB) to bilateral and unilateral chewing on the side with higher EMG activity (hypertonic). The opposite was true for hypotonic side chewing. BAL subjects were sensitive to unilateral chewing on both sides, while in IMB subjects, hypertonic side chewing did not influence performance in either males or females. Bilateral chewing elicited larger effects in BAL subjects than in IMB subjects, exceeding the values predicted from unilateral chewing in both groups. Finally, pupil size and anisocoria changes elicited by chewing were correlated with asymmetry values, independent of sex. Data confirmed the facilitation of visuospatial performance exerted by chewing. Trigeminal asymmetries modulate the chewing effects, making occlusal rebalancing an appropriate strategy to improve performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paola Tramonti Fantozzi
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Cicco
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola d’Ascanio
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrico Cataldo
- Department of Physics, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Davide De Cicco
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Bruschini
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Barresi
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ugo Faraguna
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | - Diego Manzoni
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
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El Ouali EM, Zouhal H, Bahije L, Ibrahimi A, Benamar B, Kartibou J, Saeidi A, Laher I, El Harane S, Granacher U, Mesfioui A. Effects of Malocclusion on Maximal Aerobic Capacity and Athletic Performance in Young Sub-Elite Athletes. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:sports11030071. [PMID: 36976957 PMCID: PMC10051721 DOI: 10.3390/sports11030071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral pathologies can cause athletic underperformance. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of malocclusion on maximal aerobic capacity in young athletes with the same anthropometric data, diet, training mode, and intensity from the same athletics training center. Sub-elite track and field athletes (middle-distance runners) with malocclusion (experimental group (EG); n = 37; 21 girls; age: 15.1 ± 1.5 years) and without malocclusion (control group (CG); n = 13; 5 girls; age: 14.7 ± 1.9 years) volunteered to participate in this study. Participants received an oral diagnosis to examine malocclusion, which was defined as an overlapping of teeth that resulted in impaired contact between the teeth of the mandible and the teeth of the upper jaw. Maximal aerobic capacity was assessed using the VAMEVAL test (calculated MAS and estimated VO2max). The test consisted of baseline values that included the following parameters: maximum aerobic speed (MAS), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), heart rate frequency, systolic (SAP) and diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), blood lactate concentration (LBP), and post-exercise blood lactate assessment (LAP) after the performance of the VAMEVAL test. There were no statistically significant differences between the two study groups related to either anthropometric data (age: EG = 15.1 ± 1.5 vs. CC = 14.7 ± 1.9 years (p = 0.46); BMI: EG = 19.25 ± 1.9 vs. CC = 19.42 ± 1.7 kg/m2 (p = 0.76)) or for the following physical fitness parameters and biomarkers: MAS: EG = 15.5 (14.5-16.5) vs. CG = 15.5 (15-17) km/h (p = 0.47); VO2max: EG = 54.2 (52.5-58.6) vs. CG = 54.2 (53.4-59.5) mL/kg/min (p = 0.62) (IQR (Q1-Q3)); heart rate before the physical test: EG = 77.1 ± 9.9 vs. CG = 74.3 ± 14.0 bpm (p = 0.43); SAP: EG = 106.6 ± 13.4 vs. CG = 106.2 ± 14.8 mmHg (p = 0.91); DAP: EG = 66.7 ± 9.1 vs. CG = 63.9 ± 10.2 mmHg (p = 0.36); LBP: EG = 1.5 ± 0.4 vs. CG = 1.3 ± 0.4 mmol/L (p = 0.12); and LAP: EG = 4.5 ± 2.36 vs. CG = 4.06 ± 3.04 mmol/L (p = 0.60). Our study suggests that dental malocclusion does not impede maximal aerobic capacity and the athletic performance of young track and field athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- El Mokhtar El Ouali
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Department of Biology, Ibn Tofail University of Kenitra, Kénitra 14000, Morocco
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- Movement, Sport, Health and Sciences Laboratory (M2S), UFR-STAPS, University of Rennes 2-ENS Cachan, Av. Charles Tillon, 35044 Rennes, France
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2IS), 35850 Irodouer, France
| | - Loubna Bahije
- Department of Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed 5 University of Rabat, Rabat 10000, Morocco
| | - Azeddine Ibrahimi
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed 5 Rabat University, Rabat 10000, Morocco
| | - Bahae Benamar
- BENAMAR Medical Analysis Laboratory, Rabat 10000, Morocco
| | - Jihan Kartibou
- Ministry of National Education and Teaching and Sports, Rabat 10000, Morocco
| | - Ayoub Saeidi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sanae El Harane
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Urs Granacher
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, Exercise and Human Movement Science, University of Freiburg, 79102 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Abdelhalem Mesfioui
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Department of Biology, Ibn Tofail University of Kenitra, Kénitra 14000, Morocco
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Nowak M, Golec J, Wieczorek A, Golec P. Is There a Correlation between Dental Occlusion, Postural Stability and Selected Gait Parameters in Adults? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1652. [PMID: 36674407 PMCID: PMC9862361 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: There is still an ongoing debate about the role of the craniomandibular system, including occlusal conditions, on postural stability. This study aims to assess the role of antero-posterior malocclusion on postural control and plantar pressure distribution during standing and walking. Methods: 90 healthy volunteers (aged 19 to 35) were qualified for the study. The subjects were assigned to three groups, depending on the occlusion type. Each group (Angle Class I, II and III) consisted of 30 people. The research procedure included a clinical occlusal assessment performed by a dentist. Postural control measurements were carried out using a force platform by measuring plantar pressure distribution during standing (six trials with and without visual control) and walking test conditions. Results: The tendency to shift the CoP forward is demonstrated by Angle Class II subjects and backwards by Class I and III subjects (p < 0.001). Individuals with a malocclusion demonstrated significantly higher selected stabilographic parameters while standing on both feet (with eyes open and closed) and during the single-leg test with eyes open (p < 0.05). The analysis of the dynamic test results showed no significant correlations between Angle Classes and the selected gait parameters. Conclusions: Analyses conducted among individuals with malocclusions showed the impact of occlusion on static postural stability. In order to diagnose and effectively treat malocclusion, a multidisciplinary approach with the participation of dentists and physiotherapy specialists is necessary, with the use of stabilometric and kinematic posture assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Nowak
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, 30-705 Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Golec
- Institute of Clinical Rehabilitation, University School of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Kraków, Poland
| | - Aneta Wieczorek
- Department of Prosthodontics and Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-007 Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Golec
- Individual Medical Practice, 30-390 Kraków, Poland
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Herzog J, Göttfert F, Maurer-Grubinger C, Holzgreve F, Oremek G, Groneberg DA, Ohlendorf D. Improvement of cervical spine mobility and stance stability by wearing a custom-made mandibular splint in male recreational athletes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278063. [PMID: 36520807 PMCID: PMC9754227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The range of motion (ROM) of the cervical spine and postural stability are important for an economical and motorically adequate adaptation of the body to any situation. Therefore, this study aims to analyze whether these two components of postural and movement control can be influenced by means of a splint in a centric position compared to habitual occlusion. METHODS 38 recreational male athletes volunteered. Cervical spine ROM was recorded using an ultrasound system and the a pressure measuring plate for postural stability (length of center of pressure (CoP) movement, area of CoP). The two dental occlusion conditions employed were the habitual occlusion and wearing a splint in an idealized, condylar position close to the centric position. Level of significance was set at ρ ≤ 0.05. RESULTS The cervical spine mobility increased significantly by wearing the splint regarding rotation to the left (+3.9%) and right (+2.7%) and lateral flexion to the left (+4.4%) and right (+6.7%). Wearing the splint reduced the area of sway deflections by about 31.5% in the bipedal stance and by about 2.4% (left) and 28.2% (right) in the unipedal stance. The CoP trace was reduced in the sagittal plane by approximately 8.2% in the right single-leg stance. CONCLUSIONS The major findings seem to demonstrate that wearing a splint that keeps the jaw close to the centric relation may increase the cervical ROM and may improve balance stability in male recreational athletes. Changing the jaw relation in athletes can possibly aid the release of performance potentials by improving coordination skills.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christian Maurer-Grubinger
- Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environment Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Fabian Holzgreve
- Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environment Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerhard Oremek
- Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environment Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David A. Groneberg
- Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environment Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniela Ohlendorf
- Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environment Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Diéguez-Pérez M, Fernández-Molina A, Burgueño-Torres L. Influence of occlusion and mandibular position on foot support and head posture in adult patients. Cranio 2022:1-8. [PMID: 36334277 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2022.2140245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study postural changes, taking into account different mandibular positions and the cephalic and plantar body segments. METHODS A cross-sectional, descriptive, clinical, and observational study was carried out on 76 patients, (mean age 28.79 years), in whom body posture and plantar support were evaluated in the maximum mandibular intercuspal position and the mandibular rest position without dental contact. RESULTS When the mandibular position was altered, 71.01% of the patients showed changes in the bipupillary line (p = 0.008), while those who did not show such changes did, however, show changes in plantar support. More than 85% of the sample experienced alterations in the plantar plane when the mandibular position was changed, with statistically significant results (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION There is a positive relationship between the different segments in body posture. In the sample, changes in plantar support with respect to the different mandibular positions were noticeable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Diéguez-Pérez
- Department of Preclinical Dentistry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Health Sciences, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurora Fernández-Molina
- Department of Preclinical Dentistry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Health Sciences, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Burgueño-Torres
- Department of Preclinical Dentistry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Health Sciences, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Martínez-Silva B, Diéguez-Pérez M. Review on Mandibular Muscle Kinematics. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22155769. [PMID: 35957324 PMCID: PMC9371193 DOI: 10.3390/s22155769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The complexity of mandibular dynamics encourages constant research as a vehicle to improve oral health. The gold standard motion capture system might help us to understand its functioning and its relation to body position, aiming to perform an exhaustive bibliographic review in the Dentistry field. Six different electronic databases were used (Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus) in April 2022. The selection criteria includes a biography, critical analysis, and the full text from 1984 to April 2022, based on the odontological gold standard, whether or not in combination with additional devices. Clinical cases, bibliographic reviews or meta-analysis and grey literature were excluded. The checklist of the critical assessment methodology by Joanna Brigs was used (JBI). After choosing scientific articles published in peer-reviewed journals, 23 out of 186 investigations were classified as eligible with a total of 384 participants. The issue being addressed is related to the speech properties, posture and body movement in relation to dento-oro-facial muscle and facial analysis, mandibular kinematics and mandibular dynamics during the mastication process. The markers arrangement depends on the dynamic to be analysed. From a physiologic and pathologic perspective, the applications of the optic system are relevant in Dentistry. The scarcity of literature obtained implies the need for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martínez-Silva
- Faculty of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, European University of Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain;
| | - Montserrat Diéguez-Pérez
- Preclinical Dentistry Department, Faculty of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, European University of Madrid, C. Tajo s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Cardoso F, Monteiro AS, Vilas-Boas JP, Pinho JC, Pyne DB, Fernandes RJ. Effects of Wearing a 50% Lower Jaw Advancement Splint on Biophysical and Perceptual Responses at Low to Severe Running Intensities. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020253. [PMID: 35207540 PMCID: PMC8875792 DOI: 10.3390/life12020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute ergogenic effects of wearing occlusal splints have been reported for aerobic and anaerobic exercises, but the literature centered on performance improvement by using jaw repositioning splints is scarce. We aimed to analyze the effect of wearing a 50% lower jaw advancement splint on biophysical and perceptual responses at low to severe running intensities. Sixteen middle- and long-distance runners performed twice a 7 × 800 m intermittent running protocol (with 1 km·h−1 increments and 30 s rest periods) in an outdoor track field using two lower intraoral splints (a placebo and a lower jaw advancer). These devices were custom manufactured for each participant and a randomized and repeated measure design was used to compare conditions. No differences between placebo and lower jaw advancer were found (e.g., 52.1 ± 9.9 vs. 53.9 ± 10.7 mL·kg−1·min−1 of oxygen uptake, 3.30 ± 0.44 vs. 3.29 ± 0.43 m of stride length and 16 ± 3 vs. 16 ± 2 Borg scores), but small effects were sometimes observed (e.g., 109.2 ± 22.5 vs. 112.7 ± 25.2 L·min−1 of ventilation, ES = −0.42). Therefore, this jaw advancement splint had no substantial ergogenic effect on biophysical and perceptual responses when running at different intensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Cardoso
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.M.); (J.P.V.-B.); (R.J.F.)
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, LABIOMEP-UP, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana S. Monteiro
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.M.); (J.P.V.-B.); (R.J.F.)
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, LABIOMEP-UP, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Vilas-Boas
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.M.); (J.P.V.-B.); (R.J.F.)
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, LABIOMEP-UP, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Carlos Pinho
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal;
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, INEGI, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - David B. Pyne
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra 2617, Australia;
| | - Ricardo J. Fernandes
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.M.); (J.P.V.-B.); (R.J.F.)
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, LABIOMEP-UP, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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Case Study: A Jaw-Protruding Dental Splint Improves Running Physiology and Kinematics. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2022; 17:791-795. [PMID: 35130510 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2021-0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Wearing an intraoral jaw-protruding splint could enhance respiratory function in clinical settings and eventually exercise performance. PURPOSE The authors studied the acute effect of wearing a lower-jaw-forwarding splint at different protruding percentages (30% and 50%) across a wide range of running exercise intensities. METHODS A case study was undertaken with a highly trained and experienced 27-year-old female triathlete. She performed the same incremental intermittent treadmill running protocol on 3 occasions wearing 3 different intraoral devices (30% and 50% maximum range and a control device) to assess running physiological and kinematic variables. RESULTS Both the 30% and 50% protruding splints decreased oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production (by 4%-12% and 1%-10%, respectively) and increased ventilation and respiratory frequency (by 7%-12% and 5%-16%, respectively) along the studied running intensities. Exercise energy expenditure (approximately 1%-14%) and cost (7.8, 7.4, and 8.0 J·kg-1·m-1 for 30%, 50%, and placebo devices, respectively) were also decreased when using the jaw-protruding splints. The triathlete's lower limbs' running pattern changed by wearing the forwarding splints, decreasing the contact time and stride length by approximately 4% and increasing the stride rate by approximately 4%. CONCLUSIONS Wearing a jaw-protruding splint can have a positive biophysical effect on running-performance-related parameters.
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Miró A, Buscà B, Solana-Tramunt M, Aguilera-Castells J, Arboix-Alió J, Vergnoux F, Arellano R. Effects of wearing a customized bite-aligning mouthguard on powerful actions in highly trained swimmers. J Exerc Sci Fit 2021; 19:259-268. [PMID: 34712336 PMCID: PMC8512757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives The potential advantages of wearing customized bite-aligning mouthguards on several performance parameters such as muscular strength, power and reaction time have been reported. Literature shows that the concurrent activation potentiation phenomenon, elicited by a powered and balanced jaw clenching, can provide athletes with several neuromuscular advantages. The aim of the present study was to investigate the acute effects of jaw clenching while wearing a customized bite-aligning mouthguard on swimming start, countermovement jump and swim bench test, in contrast to two other conditions: non-jaw clenching and jaw clenching without mouthguard. Methods A randomized, repeated measure within study design was used to compare the condition effect on eight highly trained elite male and female swimmers. Results Statistical analysis revealed a significant increase in the countermovement jump height (p = 0.041) when comparing the use of mouthguards with the non-jaw condition. In the swim bench, a significant greater time to peak force (p = 0.049) was found when comparing the use of mouthguards with the jaw condition. Although, non-significant effects, small differences were found in the start reaction time and 15-m freestyle swimming when comparing the use of mouthguards with the non-jaw condition. Conclusion This study demonstrated that wearing customized, bite-aligning mouthguards had an ergogenic effect on specific measures of vertical jump and swim bench test, whereas non-meaningful but small differences were found in swimming start.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrià Miró
- Department of Sports Sciences, Ramon Llull University, FPCEE Blanquerna, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernat Buscà
- Department of Sports Sciences, Ramon Llull University, FPCEE Blanquerna, Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author. c/ Císter, 34, 08022, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Solana-Tramunt
- Department of Sports Sciences, Ramon Llull University, FPCEE Blanquerna, Barcelona, Spain
- Royal Spanish Swimming Federation, Spain
| | - Joan Aguilera-Castells
- Department of Sports Sciences, Ramon Llull University, FPCEE Blanquerna, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Arboix-Alió
- Department of Sports Sciences, Ramon Llull University, FPCEE Blanquerna, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Raúl Arellano
- Aquatics Lab, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Spain
- Royal Spanish Swimming Federation, Spain
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12
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Cesanelli L, Cesaretti G, Ylaitė B, Iovane A, Bianco A, Messina G. Occlusal Splints and Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910338. [PMID: 34639640 PMCID: PMC8507675 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The role of the dento-mandibular apparatus and, in particular, occlusion and jaw position, received increased attention during last years. In the present study, we aimed to systematically review, on the light of the new potential insights, the published literature covering the occlusal splint (OS) applications, and its impact on exercise performance. A structured search was carried out including MEDLINE®/PubMed and Scopus databases with additional integration from external sources, between March and June 2021. To meet the inclusion criteria, studies published in the English language, involving humans in vivo, published from 2000 to 2021 and that investigated the role of occlusal splints on athletes' performance were selected. Starting from the 587 identified records, 17 items were finally included for the review. Four main aspects were considered and analyzed: (1) occlusal splint characteristics and occlusion experimental conditions, (2) jump performance, (3) maximal and explosive strength, and (4) exercise technique and biomechanics. The results of the systematic literature analysis depicted a wide heterogenicity in the experimental conditions and suggested the application of the OS as a way to improve athletes' or individuals' oral health, and as a potential tool to optimize marginal aspects of exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Cesanelli
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (L.C.); (A.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Gianfranco Cesaretti
- Ariminum Research & Dental Education Center, ARDEC Academy, 47923 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Berta Ylaitė
- Faculty of Sport Biomedicine, Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Angelo Iovane
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (L.C.); (A.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (L.C.); (A.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Messina
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (L.C.); (A.I.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Haughey JP, Fine P. Effects of the lower jaw position on athletic performance of elite athletes. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2021; 6:e000886. [PMID: 34422287 PMCID: PMC8323458 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
When an athlete wears a mouthguard, the position of the lower jaw is changed by virtue of the teeth being unable to occlude. Little research is available in in this area, which have indicated both positive impact and no positive impact.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Fine
- CPD, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
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14
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Differences in Oral Health Status in Elite Athletes According to Sport Modalities. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13137282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Oral health status may affect physical and sports performance. The purpose of this study was to assess the oral health status and oral health habits of elite athletes according to the performed sports type. A sample of 186 elite athletes divided into individual sports (n = 74; 53 men and 21 women; 24.9 ± 9.3 years) and team sports (n = 112; 97 men and 15 women; 24.5 ± 4.8 years) participated in the study. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (DMFT), the oral health impact profile (OHIP), and the diet assessment of caries risk (DACR) were evaluated to assess their oral health status. Athletes in individual modalities had a lower number in total teeth, healthy teeth, and restoration index (p < 0.05). Furthermore, this group showed a greater number of missing (p < 0.001) and decayed teeth (p < 0.05) and a greater DMFT index (p < 0.001). A relationship between sports modality and prevalence of malocclusions (p < 0.01), periodontal plaque (p < 0.05), and the habit of consuming energy drinks (p < 0.05) was also highlighted. Elite athletes who compete in individual sports presented a worse oral situation.
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15
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Miró A, Buscà B, Aguilera-Castells J, Arboix-Alió J. Acute Effects of Wearing Bite-Aligning Mouthguards on Muscular Strength, Power, Agility and Quickness in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18136933. [PMID: 34203502 PMCID: PMC8297034 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present systematic review was to determine the acute effects of wearing bite-aligning mouthguards on muscle strength, power, agility and quickness in athletes. A search of the current literature was performed using the electronic databases (until 1 May 2021) Web of Science, Scopus and Medline. The inclusion criteria were: (1) descriptive design studies; (2) with randomized clinical trials; (3) examining the within-subject acute effects of wearing mouthguards on functional and neuromuscular performance parameters; (4) in physical active, recreational or high-standard athletes. Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Sixteen reported positive effects in some of the variables assessed, two reported negative effects and the rest found no significant differences. Overall, the main findings described in the literature are inconclusive concerning the neuromuscular advantages of using mouthguards in muscle strength, power, agility and quickness. These discrepancies might be related to several factors such as differences in testing protocols, poor control of the jaw magnitude and improper mouthguard designs. Despite these differences, after conducting the present systematic review, the authors speculate that jaw clenching while wearing custom-made, bite-aligning oral devices might promote beneficial effects in lower limb power actions, especially in jump ability and knee extension movements. Thus, athletes might consider the use of mouthguards, not only for their protective role but also for the potential ergogenic effects in specific actions, mainly those for which lower limb muscular power are required.
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16
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Sliwkanich L, Ouanounou A. Mouthguards in dentistry: Current recommendations for dentists. Dent Traumatol 2021; 37:661-671. [PMID: 34019343 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Properly fitted mouthguards reduce the risk and severity of orofacial injury, to both hard and soft tissues, preventing thousands of dollars of trauma management. In this review, findings from recent research will be evaluated to discuss the strengths and limitations of the different types of mouthguards, including their indications by sport. Design, ideal dimensions, and other characteristics will also be explored. Additionally, patient education and motivation will be examined, with a focus on the dentist's role in this regard. Finally, in addition to proper oral hygiene, the importance of proper mouthguard maintenance and evaluation will be discussed. This review will therefore be able to act as a guide for dentists looking to provide patients of all ages with personal protective equipment and stay up-to-date on recent developments in this branch of the sports dentistry field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sliwkanich
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aviv Ouanounou
- Department of Clinical Sciences (pharmacology & Preventive Dentistry), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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17
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Parrini S, Rossini G, Nebiolo B, Airale M, Franceschi A, Cugliari G, Deregibus A, Castroflorio T. Variations in athletic performance with occlusal splint in track and field athletes: a randomized clinical trial. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:375-381. [PMID: 33871235 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12081-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have been proposed with the aim to demonstrate correlations between the dento-mandibular apparatus and the skeletal muscle system of the human body even in regions distant from the oral cavity. However, a definite conclusion cannot be drawn. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate a possible correlation between dental occlusion and sport performances in track and field athletes. METHODS 16 track and field athletes were enrolled for the study and were randomly divided in three groups: Untreated control group, Placebo group (with a lower plaque without occlusal coverage) and Treated group (with occlusal splint). Changes in sprint and jump performance were assessed on a weekly basis for 5 consecutive weeks, during which athletes had to wear oral devices, except for the first week of baseline, for at least 3 trainings lasting 2 hours per week. All participants performed the countermovement jump (CMJ), the drop jump (DJ), the 10m and 30m sprint tests, always on the same day on the week. RESULTS No statistically significant difference resulted between Control group and Placebo group and between Control group and Treated group. However it was possible to observe a clinical improvement of measurements obtained, especially for CMJ, 10m and 30m sprint tests. No variation neither statistical neither clinical was observed in DJ test analysis. CONCLUSIONS Even if statistically it was not possible to demonstrate an improvement in sport performance, most of the athlete analyzed showed better results during training session with occlusal splint compared to athlete without occlusal splint, in countermovement jump, in 10m and 30m sprint tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Parrini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy -
| | - Gabriele Rossini
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Bianca Nebiolo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Airale
- Eracle Academy, Metropolitan City of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Franceschi
- Eracle Academy, Metropolitan City of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | | | - Andrea Deregibus
- Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Tommaso Castroflorio
- Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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18
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Maurer C, Holzgreve F, Erbe C, Wanke EM, Kopp S, Groneberg DA, Ohlendorf D. Influence of dental occlusion conditions on plantar pressure distribution during standing and walking - A gender perspective. Med Eng Phys 2021; 88:47-53. [PMID: 33485513 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate gender-specific influences of different symmetric and asymmetric occlusion conditions on postural control during standing and walking. The study involved 59 healthy adult volunteers (41 f/19 m) aged between 22 and 53 years (30.2 ± 6.3 years). Postural control measurements were carried out using a pressure plate by measuring plantar pressure distribution during standing and walking test conditions. Seven different occlusion conditions were tested. Prior to a MANOVA model analysis, the relationship between the two test conditions were checked using a factor analysis with a varying number of factors (between 2 and 10). The plantar pressure distributions during walking and standing are independent test conditions. The coefficient of variance across all variables between the conditions and genders was not significant: t(46) = 1.51 (p = 0.13). No statement can be made whether, or not, the influence of gender is greater than the influence of the conditions. Healthy male and female test subjects did not show any difference between seven occlusion conditions on the plantar pressure distribution while standing or walking. No differences between the genders were found for any of the investigated variables. In contrast to custom-made occlusion splints, simple cotton rolls appear not to influence the neuromuscular system in a systematic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Maurer
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - F Holzgreve
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - C Erbe
- Department for Orthodontics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - E M Wanke
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - S Kopp
- School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - D A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - D Ohlendorf
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany.
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19
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Maurer-Grubinger C, Avaniadi I, Adjami F, Christian W, Doerry C, Fay V, Fisch V, Gerez A, Goecke J, Kaya U, Keller J, Krüger D, Pflaum J, Porsch L, Wischnewski C, Scharnweber B, Sosnov P, Oremek G, Groneberg DA, Ohlendorf D. Systematic changes of the static upper body posture with a symmetric occlusion condition. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:636. [PMID: 32979920 PMCID: PMC7520031 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03655-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Temporary occlusal changes and their influence on the upper body statics are still controversially discussed. Furthermore, concrete statements on whether age- or gender-specific differences in neurophysiological reactions exist are missing. Therefore, it is the aim of this study to evaluate the immediate effects of a symmetrical occlusion blocking on the upper body posture. These effects shall be investigated for both genders and for a larger age range. Methods In this study, 800 (407f/393 m) subjects volunteered aged from 21 to 60 years. Both genders were divided into four age groups according to decades. The three-dimensional upper body posture was measured by using the rasterstereography (ABW-Bodymapper). The habitual static posture was measured in two dental occlusion conditions (a) in rest position and (b) symmetrical blocking in the bicuspid region by cotton rolls. Results A significant reduction of the trunk length (0.72 mm; p < 0.001), an increase of the lumbar (0.30°; p < 0.001) and the thoracic bending angle (0.14°; p = 0.001), a reduction of the spinal forward decline (0.16°; p < 0.001) and a reduction of the scapular distance (0.36 mm; p = 0.001) was found. Gender-specific reactions can only be recorded in scapular distance, in that regard men reduce this distance while over all age groups women did not show a significant change. Discussion Slight gender- and age-independent reactions due to a symmetric occlusion blockade are shown: A gender independent reaction of the spinal related variables in the sagittal plane (thoracic and lumbar flexion angle, trunk length, spinal forward decline). In addition, a gender specific change of the shoulder blade distance could be observed, where men reduced the distance while female did not show a change. However, since these reactions are of a minimum amount, it can be concluded that neurophysiological compensation mechanisms work equally well regardless of age and sex, and the upper body posture of healthy people changes only very slightly due to a temporarily symmetrical altered bite position.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Maurer-Grubinger
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - I Avaniadi
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - F Adjami
- Department of Orthodontics, School of dentistry "Carolinum", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 29, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - W Christian
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - C Doerry
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - V Fay
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - V Fisch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - A Gerez
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Goecke
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - U Kaya
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Keller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D Krüger
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,Department of Orthodontics, School of dentistry "Carolinum", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 29, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Pflaum
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - L Porsch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - C Wischnewski
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - B Scharnweber
- Department of Orthodontics, School of dentistry "Carolinum", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 29, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - P Sosnov
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - G Oremek
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D Ohlendorf
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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20
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Militi A, Cicciù M, Sambataro S, Bocchieri S, Cervino G, De Stefano R, Fiorillo L. Dental occlusion and sport performance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 69:112-118. [PMID: 32181617 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4970.20.04350-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent years, interest has been given to the relationship between dental occlusion and athletes' performance. A correct occlusion allows for a correct position of the mandible in space and could be reached by wearing a splint made by a dentist. Achieving this condition appears to be an advantage for all athletes, and especially for those who have TMJ dysfunction. The purpose of the study was to investigate the hypothesis and common belief that correcting the occlusion or the use of a splint could improve an athlete's performance. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A search on electronic database has been performed and obtained 141 results; then, following the application of the inclusion criteria, only 11 articles were selected. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A good occlusion seems to be an advantage for the athletes. CONCLUSIONS The use of an occlusal splint should be evaluated in different sports, because the occlusion and TMJ conditions of the athletes are different and the efforts in which they are subjected could not be generalized because the sports have various rules and characteristics that involves the stomatognathic system differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Militi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sergio Sambataro
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Salvatore Bocchieri
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Gabriele Cervino
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosa De Stefano
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Fiorillo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy -
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21
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Dias A, Redinha L, Rodrigues MJ, Silva L, Pezarat-Correia P. A kinematic analysis on the immediate effects of occlusal splints in gait and running body sway patterns. Cranio 2020; 40:119-125. [PMID: 31996119 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2020.1721173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to determine whether changes in dental occlusion are correlated to body posture during walking and running.Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects were assessed by a prosthodontist and deemed asymptomatic. Analyses of gait and running were performed in three conditions, in random order: a) occlusal splint; b) placebo splint; and c) no splint. The occlusal splint used in this study positioned the mandible in a stable position. Kinematic data was collected using a 3D motion capture system.Results: Changes in dental occlusion induced by occlusal splints did not influence body sway during gait or running. No significant differences were found between any of the test conditions.Conclusion: Occlusal splints have no effect on body sway during gait or running. High inter-subject variability in kinematic parameters was found, which should be considered in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amândio Dias
- CIPER - Neuromuscular Research Lab, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Kinesiolab, Instituto Piaget, Campus de Almada, Almada, Portugal
| | - Luís Redinha
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Luís Silva
- Kinesiolab, Instituto Piaget, Campus de Almada, Almada, Portugal.,Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Pedro Pezarat-Correia
- CIPER - Neuromuscular Research Lab, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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22
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Tramonti Fantozzi MP, Diciotti S, Tessa C, Castagna B, Chiesa D, Barresi M, Ravenna G, Faraguna U, Vignali C, De Cicco V, Manzoni D. Unbalanced Occlusion Modifies the Pattern of Brain Activity During Execution of a Finger to Thumb Motor Task. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:499. [PMID: 31156377 PMCID: PMC6533560 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to assess possible influences of occlusion on motor performance, we studied by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) the changes in the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal induced at brain level by a finger to thumb motor task in a population of subjects characterized by an asymmetric activation of jaw muscles during clenching (malocclusion). In these subjects, appropriate occlusal correction by an oral orthotic (bite) reduced the masticatory asymmetry. The finger to thumb task was performed while the subject's dental arches were touching, in two conditions: (a) with the teeth in direct contact (Bite OFF) and (b) with the bite interposed between the arches (Bite ON). Both conditions required only a very slight activation of masticatory muscles. Maps of the BOLD signal recorded during the movement were contrasted with the resting condition (activation maps). Between conditions comparison of the activation maps (Bite OFF/Bite ON) showed that, in Bite OFF, the BOLD signal was significantly higher in the trigeminal sensorimotor region, the premotor cortex, the cerebellum, the inferior temporal and occipital cortex, the calcarine cortex, the precuneus on both sides, as well as in the right posterior cingulate cortex. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that malocclusion makes movement performance more difficult, leading to a stronger activation of (a) sensorimotor areas not dealing with the control of the involved body part, (b) regions planning the motor sequence, and (c) the cerebellum, which is essential in motor coordination. Moreover, the findings of a higher activation of temporo-occipital cortex and precuneus/cingulus, respectively, suggest that, during malocclusion, the movement occurs with an increased visual imagery activity, and requires a stronger attentive effort.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano Diciotti
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering "Guglielmo Marconi," University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Carlo Tessa
- Department of Radiology, Versilia Hospital, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, Camaiore, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Chiesa
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimo Barresi
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Giulio Ravenna
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ugo Faraguna
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudio Vignali
- Department of Radiology, Versilia Hospital, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, Camaiore, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Cicco
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Diego Manzoni
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Influence of ergonomic layout of musician chairs on posture and seat pressure in musicians of different playing levels. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208758. [PMID: 30533063 PMCID: PMC6289455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Musicians often perform in forced postures over a long period of time, which in the worst case may lead to playing-related musculoskeletal disorders. In this context, the ergonomics of the musician's chair (construction and surface quality) can be an influencing factor, with impact on the seating position of the upper body and the pressure distribution of the bottom. Therefore, the relationship between different musician chairs and musicians of different playing levels (professional, amateur or student) was analyzed in order to gain useful insights whether playing experience, playing level, playing style (symmetrical or asymmetrical) or gender have an impact. METHOD The total dataset of 47 musicians (3 playing levels: professional, amateur, student) were analysed on six musician chairs with different ergonomic layout. Sitting on each chair without instrument (condition 1) and with instrument (condition 2), the upper body posture (videorasterstereography) and the seat pressure (load distribution) were recorded.as Also, a subjective assessment concerning constitutional data, sitting behaviour, prevailing pain in the musculoskeletal system, sport activity and chair comfort rating, was completed using a questionnaire. RESULTS There were significant differences shown in 6 of 17 variables, where all between and within factors were accounted for with a MANOVA. Two measurements of the upper body posture (scapular distance and scapular height) differentiated between playing level. Four of the pressure measurements (pressure under the sit bone and the thigh for the left and the right side) differentiated between chairs and the two conditions (with and without instrument). Chairs with soft cushioning had a mean pressure reduction of about 30%. The pressure was increased by about 10% while playing an instrument. Subjective rating was correlated to age for some of the chairs. DISCUSSION Differences between chairs are mainly associated with the pressure distribution under the sitting surface. Playing with an instrument puts an additional force onto the surface of the chair that is more than the weight of the instrument. No relationship between pressure data and upper body posture data could be found. Therefore, it can be speculated that the intersubject variability is larger than systematic differences introduced by the chair or instrument.
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Leroux E, Leroux S, Maton F, Ravalec X, Sorel O. Influence of dental occlusion on the athletic performance of young elite rowers: a pilot study. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2018; 73:e453. [PMID: 30517283 PMCID: PMC6238821 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2017/e453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to assess the influence of dental occlusion on body posture and the competitive performance of young elite rowers. METHOD Dental occlusion disturbance devices were used to simulate dental malocclusions. We assessed the influence of malocclusion on the body balance, paravertebral muscle contraction symmetry, and muscular power of young elite rowers. A nonparametric permutation test for repeated measures ANOVA, a Cochran's Q test for paired data and a paired Student's t-test were used in order to statistically evaluate the influence of artificial occlusal disturbance on each factor. A force platform and a Dyno Concept 2 machine were used as measuring instruments. RESULTS A total of 7 members of the "Pôle France Aviron" (age range of 15-17 years) were enrolled in the study. None of the body balance parameters was significantly influenced by the artificial occlusal disturbance. The interposition of an occlusal silicone splint significantly increased the proportion of athletes presenting asymmetric muscular contractions from 14.3% to 85.7% (p=0.025) and induced a significant 17.7% decrease in the athletes' muscular power (p=0.030). CONCLUSIONS This study shows the negative impacts of an occlusal disturbance on the athletic performance of young elite rowers. The detection of malocclusion traits by regular occlusal monitoring would be of great interest in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Leroux
- Service d'Odontologie et Chirurgie Buccale, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Stéphanie Leroux
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- Service de Pédiatrie, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Frédéric Maton
- Fédération Française d'Aviron, Unité médicale du CREPS de Lille, Wattignies, France
| | - Xavier Ravalec
- Service d'Odontologie et Chirurgie Buccale, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Sorel
- Service d'Odontologie et Chirurgie Buccale, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
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Diniz CDAF, Andrade MVFD, Silva BPAD, Duarte MLM, Donadon LV, Guimarães R, Guimarães M. A low cost stereophotogrammetric system for the evaluation of tridimensional head translations during visual tasks. J Med Eng Technol 2018; 42:411-419. [PMID: 30465695 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2018.1529203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A simple, low cost and easy-to-operate 3D stereophotogrammetry system was developed to measure the kinematic pattern of head stabilisation during visual tasks. The system differs from commercially available ones since it: (a) takes into account the gaze motor coordination characteristics and measures the head translations quantified at the point that best represents the translations caused by the eyes' movement during visual tasks, that is, the midpoint between the eyes; (b) offers minimum restriction to the head movement and minimum interference with it; (c) innovates when using the position coordinates produced by a free-online tracker software. The system was effective in recording the head movements and its RMS total error was 0.705 mm with ±0.808 mm standard deviation. This represents an RMS total error of 3.5%, considered satisfactory because it provided results with a confidence level higher than 95%. The system was effective to record differences in head movements of 11 individuals in open and closed eyes conditions and revealed the direction-specific feature of the head displacements size. The results showed that the system is a cost-effective and accurate alternative for studies needing to accurately measure head movements during visual tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia de Almeida Ferreira Diniz
- a LABBIO, DEMEC/UFMG: Bioengineering Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil.,b LAPAN, DEMEC/UFMG: Laboratory for the Research Applied to Neurovision, Mechanical Engineering Department , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Faleiro de Andrade
- a LABBIO, DEMEC/UFMG: Bioengineering Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Bruno Philip Alves da Silva
- c DEMEC/UFMG: Mechanical Engineering Department , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Machado Duarte
- d GRAVIHB/UFMG: Group of Acoustics and Vibration on Human Beings, Mechanical Engineering Department , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Lázaro Valentin Donadon
- d GRAVIHB/UFMG: Group of Acoustics and Vibration on Human Beings, Mechanical Engineering Department , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Ricardo Guimarães
- b LAPAN, DEMEC/UFMG: Laboratory for the Research Applied to Neurovision, Mechanical Engineering Department , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Márcia Guimarães
- b LAPAN, DEMEC/UFMG: Laboratory for the Research Applied to Neurovision, Mechanical Engineering Department , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
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Development and Implementation of an Intraoral Device for Occlusal Stability during Sports Performance: A Case Report. Dent J (Basel) 2018; 6:dj6040063. [PMID: 30413040 PMCID: PMC6313332 DOI: 10.3390/dj6040063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sports dentistry assumes a clinical relevance, not only in the prevention of orofacial trauma by the use of mouthguards, but also with the development of intraoral devices that aim to provide greater occlusal stability, as well as a greater balance in the level of certain structures of the cranio-cervical-mandibular complex. In this way, the dentistry can have an intervention action on sports performance. OBJECTIVES The objective of this research was to verify the existence of a correlation between occlusal stability and an eventual balance of some facial structures during sports performance using a specially developed Occlusal Stability Sports Performance Device. METHODOLOGY An individualized mandibular intraoral device was manufactured and evaluated on an athlete canoeing. Infrared thermography was the complementary diagnostic method used for this purpose. RESULTS Greater symmetry of certain regions of interest of the cranio-cervico-mandibular complex was observed with the implementation of the Occlusal Stability Sports Performance Device. These areas were the anterior temporal muscle, the masseter muscle and the temporomandibular joint. No asymmetry decrease was found in the anterior triangle region of the neck. CONCLUSION The use of this type of intraoral devices may allow greater occlusal stability and consequent balance of anatomical structures constituting the cranio-cervical-mandibular complex. Infrared thermography is an effective diagnostic tool for studying the results of the intraoral device on the cranio-cervico-mandibular complex use during canoeing.
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Limonta E, Arienti C, Rampichini S, Venturelli M, Cè E, Veicsteinas A, Esposito F. Effects of Two Different Self-Adapted Occlusal Splints on Electromyographic and Force Parameters During Elbow Flexors Isometric Contraction. J Strength Cond Res 2018; 32:230-236. [PMID: 28902108 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Limonta, E, Arienti, C, Rampichini, S, Venturelli, M, Cè, E, Veicsteinas, A, and Esposito, F. Effects of two different self-adapted occlusal splints on electromyographic and force parameters during elbow flexors isometric contraction. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 230-236, 2018-The study was aimed at determining the acute effects of 2 types of occlusal splints on maximum isometric strength and fatigue of the elbow flexors muscles. The hypothesis was that splint-induced masticatory muscle repositioning might improve primary muscles recruitment by stretching masticatory muscles especially with the thicker splint. On 9 physically active volunteers with no temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles disorders, we assessed maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) of the elbow flexors with diurnal (OSD, 1-mm thick) and sport (OSSP, 3-mm thick) splints, and without splint (control, Ctrl). On different days, participants performed 60 seconds of isometric contraction at 100% MVC (100%60s) and 80% MVC contraction until exhaustion (80%exh) under OSD, OSSP, and Ctrl in random order. Time of force output within target (t-target), force distance from target (ΔF), and force coefficient of variation were calculated. Percentage of force decay (ΔFi-Fe) was determined during 100%60s. From the electromyographic (EMG) signal, root mean square (EMG RMS) and mean frequency (EMG MF) were determined. Neuromuscular efficiency (NE) was calculated as the ratio between force and EMG RMS. MVC contraction and NE were significantly higher in OSSP and OSD than in Ctrl. During MVC, EMG MF was significantly lower in both splint conditions, and EMG RMS showed a nonstatistical tendency to lower values under both splint conditions. During 80%exh, t-target was longer in OSD and OSSP (+7.8% and +5.2%, respectively) than in Ctrl. ΔFi-Fe was lower in OSSP than in Ctrl and OSD. These results support the hypothesis of a NE improvement of the elbow flexors possibly induced by acute, splint-induced masticatory muscles repositioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloisa Limonta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Arienti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Center of Sport Medicine, IRCCS Don Gnocchi Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Susanna Rampichini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Venturelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Emiliano Cè
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Arsenio Veicsteinas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Center of Sport Medicine, IRCCS Don Gnocchi Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Esposito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Center of Sport Medicine, IRCCS Don Gnocchi Foundation, Milan, Italy
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Maurer C, Heller S, Sure JJ, Fuchs D, Mickel C, Wanke EM, Groneberg DA, Ohlendorf D. Strength improvements through occlusal splints? The effects of different lower jaw positions on maximal isometric force production and performance in different jumping types. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193540. [PMID: 29474465 PMCID: PMC5825140 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The influence of the jaw position on postural control, body posture, walking and running pattern has been reported in the literature. All these movements have in common that a relatively small, but well controlled muscle activation is required. The induced effects on motor output through changed jaw positions have been small. Therefore, it has been questioned if it could still be observed in maximal muscle activation. Method Twenty-three healthy, mid age recreational runners (mean age = 34.0 ± 10.3 years) participated in this study. Three different jump tests (squat jump, counter movement jump, and drop jumps from four different heights) and three maximal strength tests (trunk flexion and extension, leg press of the right and left leg) were conducted. Four different dental occlusion conditions and an additional familiarization condition were tested. Subjects performed the tests on different days for which the four occlusion conditions were randomly changed. Results No familiarization effect was found. Occlusion conditions with a relaxation position and with a myocentric condylar position showed significantly higher values for several tests compared to the neutral condition and the maximal occlusion position. Significance was found in the squat jump, countermovement jump, the drop jump from 32cm and 40cm, trunk extension, leg press force and rate of force development. The effect due to the splint conditions is an improvement between 3% and 12% (min and max). No influence of the jaw position on symmetry or balance between extension and flexion muscle was found. Conclusion An influence of occlusion splints on rate of force development (RFD) and maximal strength tests could be confirmed. A small, but consistent increase in the performance parameters could be measured. The influence of the occlusion condition is most likely small compared to other influences as for example training status, age, gender and circadian rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastian Heller
- Department of Movement and Exercise Science, Institute of Sport Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jil-Julia Sure
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniel Fuchs
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christoph Mickel
- Department of Movement and Exercise Science, Institute of Sport Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Eileen M. Wanke
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David A. Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniela Ohlendorf
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- * E-mail:
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März K, Adler W, Matta RE, Wolf L, Wichmann M, Bergauer B. Can different occlusal positions instantaneously impact spine and body posture? : A pilot study using rasterstereography for a three-dimensional evaluation. J Orofac Orthop 2016; 78:221-232. [PMID: 27921118 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-016-0073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Orthodontists influence dental occlusion directly. To suggest any link between dental occlusion and body posture is highly contentious, as evidenced by the literature. Rasterstereography, an optical technique that enables three-dimensional (3D) body measurements to be collected, has not yet been used to impartially examine whether different occlusal positions could instantaneously alter spine and body posture. We therefore set out to use this technique to nonsubjectively evaluate this question under static conditions. METHODS Optical body scans were collected for 44 subjects, using the Diers formetric 4D system, for seven different mandible positions. In total, ten spinal and body posture parameters were assessed (trunk inclination, trunk imbalance, pelvic tilt, pelvic torsion, fleche cervicale, fleche lombaire, kyphotic angle, lordotic angle, surface rotation, and lateral deviation) for each mandible position and compared with scans performed with habitual intercuspation (HIC). RESULTS Significant body posture deviations were found for the fleche cervicale (position of the mandible: right eccentrically), fleche lombaire (positions of the mandible: physiologic rest position, cotton rolls on both sides, bite elevation 1 mm), and the kyphotic angle (positions of the mandible: cotton rolls on both sides, right eccentrically). No other significant differences were detected. CONCLUSIONS Data for the parameters that varied with different dental occlusions generated high standard deviations. Therefore, within the limitations of this pilot study, we could not conclusively associate dental occlusion to an instantaneous impact on the tested parameters. The posture changes that we detected could also have arisen from individual neuromuscular compensation; a possibility that must now be ruled-in, or out, by further research studies with a higher number of subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline März
- Department of Prosthodontics, Erlangen University Hospital, Glückstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Werner Adler
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitätsstraße 22, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ragai-Edward Matta
- Department of Prosthodontics, Erlangen University Hospital, Glückstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Linda Wolf
- Department of Prosthodontics, Erlangen University Hospital, Glückstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manfred Wichmann
- Department of Prosthodontics, Erlangen University Hospital, Glückstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bastian Bergauer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erlangen University Hospital, Glueckstraße 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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Scharnweber B, Adjami F, Schuster G, Kopp S, Natrup J, Erbe C, Ohlendorf D. Influence of dental occlusion on postural control and plantar pressure distribution. Cranio 2016; 35:358-366. [DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2016.1244971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Scharnweber
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, “Carolinum”, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Frederic Adjami
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schuster
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Kopp
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Jörg Natrup
- Gesellschaft für Biomechanik Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christina Erbe
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniela Ohlendorf
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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