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Cuccato M, Divari S, Giannuzzi D, Grange C, Moretti R, Rinaldi A, Leroux C, Sacchi P, Cannizzo FT. Extracellular vesicle miRNome during subclinical mastitis in dairy cows. Vet Res 2024; 55:112. [PMID: 39300590 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is one of the main inflammatory diseases that can affect the udder during lactation. Somatic cell counts and sometimes microbiological tests are routinely adopted during monitoring diagnostics in dairy herds. However, subclinical mastitis is challenging to identify, reducing the possibility of early treatments. The main aim of this study was to investigate the miRNome profile of extracellular vesicles isolated from milk as potential biomarkers of subclinical mastitis. Milk samples were collected from a total of 60 dairy cows during routine monitoring tests. Small RNA sequencing technology was applied to extracellular vesicles of milk samples collected from cows classified according to the somatic cell count to identify differences in the miRNome between mastitic and healthy cows. A total of 1997 miRNAs were differentially expressed between both groups. Among them, 68 miRNAs whose FDRs were < 0.05 were mostly downregulated, with only one upregulated miRNA (i.e., miR-361). Functional analysis revealed that miR-455-3p, miR-503-3p, miR-1301-3p and miR-361-5p are involved in the regulation of several biological processes related to mastitis, including immune system-related processes. This study suggests the involvement of extracellular vesicle-derived miRNAs in the regulation of mastitis. Moreover, these findings provide evidence that miRNAs from milk extracellular vesicles can be used to identify biomarkers of mastitis. However, further studies must be conducted to validate these miRNAs, especially for subclinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Cuccato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, 10095, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Divari
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, 10095, Turin, Italy.
| | - Diana Giannuzzi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padua, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Cristina Grange
- Department of Medical Sciences, VEXTRA Facility, University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, 10095, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Rinaldi
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Christine Leroux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, 63122, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Paola Sacchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, 10095, Turin, Italy
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Lopez-Benitez K, Alcazar-Gonzalez P, El Qassim LA, Fernandez-Argüelles MT, Vicente F, Royo LJ, Menendez-Miranda M. Development of a Gold Nanoparticle-Based Sensor for Authentication of Organic Milk Based on Differential Levels of miRNA. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1364. [PMID: 39195402 DOI: 10.3390/nano14161364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Dairy production systems significantly impact environmental sustainability, animal welfare, and human health. Intensive farming maximizes output through high-input practices, raising concerns about environmental degradation, animal welfare, and health risks from antibiotic residues. Conversely, organic farming emphasizes sustainable practices, animal welfare, and minimal synthetic inputs, potentially enhancing biodiversity, soil health, and milk quality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression, are promising biomarkers due to their response to various conditions. In this study, miRNAs bta-miR-103 and bta-miR-155, which are abundant in milk from pasture-fed cows, were selected. Additionally, bta-miR-215, which is abundant in milk fat from intensive systems, was also studied, in order to differentiate dairy production systems. A novel, cost-effective gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-based sensor was developed for miRNA detection, leveraging the unique plasmonic properties of AuNPs for visual detection. The method involves functionalizing AuNPs with complementary RNA probes and detecting miRNA-induced aggregation through colorimetric changes. This rapid, results in 30 min, and sensitive, visual limit of detection of 200 nM, assay requires minimal instrumentation and can be easily interpreted, offering significant advantages for field implementation in characterizing dairy production systems. This study demonstrates the successful application of this sensor in detecting miRNAs in 350 nM miRNA spiked raw milk, highlighting its potential for in situ dairy industry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia Alcazar-Gonzalez
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, 33006 Asturias, Spain
| | - Loubna Abou El Qassim
- Regional Service for Agrofood Research and Development (SERIDA), 33300 Asturias, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Vicente
- Regional Service for Agrofood Research and Development (SERIDA), 33300 Asturias, Spain
| | - Luis J Royo
- Regional Service for Agrofood Research and Development (SERIDA), 33300 Asturias, Spain
- Department of Functional Biology, Genetics, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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3
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Huang C, Feng F, Dai R, Ren W, Li X, Zhaxi T, Ma X, Wu X, Chu M, La Y, Bao P, Guo X, Pei J, Yan P, Liang C. Whole-transcriptome analysis of longissimus dorsi muscle in cattle-yaks reveals the regulatory functions of ADAMTS6 gene in myoblasts. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129985. [PMID: 38342263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Cattle-yak, which is the hybrid F1 generation of cattle and yak, demonstrates better production performance compared to yak. However, there is limited research on the molecular mechanisms responsible for the muscle development of cattle-yak. To address this knowledge gap, a comprehensive transcriptomic survey of the longissimus dorsi muscle in cattle-yak was conducted. Three transcript types, namely lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs, along with protein-coding genes were characterized at two developmental stages (6 m, 18 m) of cattle-yak. The results revealed significant enrichment of these transcripts into pathways related to myoblast differentiation and muscle development signaling. Additionally, the study identified the TCONS00024465/circHIPK3-bta-miR-499-ADAMTS6 regulatory network, which may play a crucial role in the muscle development of cattle-yak by combining the transcriptome data of yak and constructing the ceRNA co-expression network. HEK 293 T cells were used to validate that TCONS00024465 and circHIPK3 are located upstream of bta-miR-499, and can competitively bind to bta-miR-499 as ceRNA. The study also verified that ADAMTS6 regulates skeletal muscle development by inhibiting myoblast proliferation, promoting myoblast differentiation, and positively regulating the apoptosis of myoblasts. Taken together, this study provides new insights into the advantages of cattle-yak production performance and offers a molecular basis for further research on muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Fen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Rongfeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Wenwen Ren
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Ta Zhaxi
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation in Qilian County, Qilian 810400, China
| | - Xiaoming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Min Chu
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Yongfu La
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Pengjia Bao
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Xian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Jie Pei
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Ping Yan
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Chunnian Liang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China.
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Loureiro B, Ereno RL, Pupulim AGR, Tramontana MCVB, Tabosa HP, Barros CM, Favoreto MG. Genome-wide association study of Nelore and Angus heifers with low and high ovarian follicle counts. Anim Reprod 2024; 21:e20230110. [PMID: 38384724 PMCID: PMC10878542 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2023-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The number of antral follicles is considered an important fertility trait because animals with a high follicle count (HFC) produce more oocytes and embryos per cycle. Identification of these animals by genetic markers such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can accelerate selection of future generations. The aim of this study was to perform a genome wide association study (GWAS) on Nelore and Angus heifers with HFC and low (LFC) antral follicle counts. The groups HFC and LFC for genotyping were formed based on the average of total follicles (≥ 3 mm) counted in each breed consistently ± standard deviation. A total of 72 Nelore heifers (32 HFC and 40 LFC) and 48 Angus heifers (21 HFC and 27 LFC) were selected and the DNA was extracted from blood and hair bulb. Genotyping was done using the Illumina Bovine HD 770K BeadChip. The GWAS analysis showed 181 and 201 SNPs with genotype/phenotype association (P ≤ 0.01) in Nelore and Angus heifers, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis was performed on candidate genes that were associated with SNPs. A total of 97 genes were associated to the 181 SNPs in the Nelore heifers and the functional analysis identified genes (ROBO1 and SLIT3) in the ROBO-SLIT pathway that can be involved in the control of germ cell migration in the ovary as it is involved in lutheal cell migration and fetal ovary development. In the Angus heifers, 57 genes were associated with the 201 SNPs, highlighting Fribilin 1 (FBN1) gene, involved in regulation of growth factors directly involved in follicle activation and development. In summary, GWAS for Nelore and Angus heifers showed SNPs associated with higher follicle count phenotype. Furthermore, these findings offer valuable insights for the further investigation of potential mechanism involved in follicle formation and development, important for breeding programs for both breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Loureiro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Reprodução Animal, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brasil
| | - Ronaldo Luiz Ereno
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | - Henrique Passos Tabosa
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Reprodução Animal, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brasil
| | - Ciro Moraes Barros
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Maurício Gomes Favoreto
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Reprodução Animal, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, ES, Brasil
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
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Lai Z, Lin W, Yan X, Chen X, Xu G. Fatiguing freestyle swimming modifies miRNA profiles of circulating extracellular vesicles in athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:2041-2051. [PMID: 37173457 PMCID: PMC10460714 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by various tissues and cells under normal physiological or pathological conditions. Exercise-induced EVs may be involved in the adaptation of exercise-induced fatigue. The 1500-m freestyle is the longest pool-based swimming event in the Olympic Games, and there is a paucity of information regarding changes in the miRNA profiles of circulating EVs after a single session of fatiguing swimming. In this study, 13 male freestyle swimmers conducted a fatiguing 1500-m freestyle swimming session at the speed of their best previously recorded swimming performance. Fasting venous blood was collected before and after the swimming session for analysis. 70 miRNAs from the circulating EVs were found to be differentially expressed after the fatiguing 1500-m freestyle swimming session, among which 45 and 25 miRNAs were up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively. As for the target genes of five miRNAs (miR-144-3p, miR-145-3p, miR-509-5p, miR-891b, and miR-890) with the largest expression-fold variation, their functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that the target genes were involved in the regulation of long-term potentiation (LTP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glutathione metabolism pathway, dopaminergic synapse, signal transmission, and other biological processes. In summary, these findings reveal that a single session of fatiguing swimming modifies the miRNAs profiles of the circulating EVs, especially miR-144-3p, miR-145-3p, miR-509-5p, miR-891b, and miR-890, which clarifies new mechanisms for the adaptation to a single session of fatiguing exercise from the perspective of EV-miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Lai
- Graduate School, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510500, China
- College of Physical Education, Guangzhou College of Commerce, Guangzhou, 511363, China
| | - Wentao Lin
- College of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510500, China
| | - Xu Yan
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, 3011, Australia
- Australia Institute for Musculoskeletal Sciences, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xiaobin Chen
- College of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510500, China
| | - Guoqin Xu
- College of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510500, China.
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Vitucci D, Martone D, Alfieri A, Buono P. Muscle-derived exosomes and exercise in cancer prevention. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2023; 3:1202190. [PMID: 39086668 PMCID: PMC11285545 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2023.1202190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
There are a lot of evidences on the beneficial effects mediated by exercise on the prevention of not communicable diseases (NCDs) including different type of cancer. The production of circulating exerkines transported in exosomes represents a novel pathway activated by exercise. However, the biological mechanisms that could explain the role of exosomes in cancer prevention have been not fully elucidated. The aim of this mini-review is to provide an update on the biological mechanisms bringing the release of muscle-derived exosomes during exercise and cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Vitucci
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University Parthenope, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Martone
- Department of Economics, Law, Cybersecurity and Sport Sciences—University Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Andreina Alfieri
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University Parthenope, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Buono
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University Parthenope, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
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Alehossein P, Taheri M, Tayefeh Ghahremani P, Dakhlallah D, Brown CM, Ishrat T, Nasoohi S. Transplantation of Exercise-Induced Extracellular Vesicles as a Promising Therapeutic Approach in Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2023; 14:211-237. [PMID: 35596116 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Clinical evidence affirms physical exercise is effective in preventive and rehabilitation approaches for ischemic stroke. This sustainable efficacy is independent of cardiovascular risk factors and associates substantial reprogramming in circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs). The intricate journey of pluripotent exercise-induced EVs from parental cells to the whole-body and infiltration to cerebrovascular entity offers several mechanisms to reduce stroke incidence and injury or accelerate the subsequent recovery. This review delineates the potential roles of EVs as prospective effectors of exercise. The candidate miRNA and peptide cargo of exercise-induced EVs with both atheroprotective and neuroprotective characteristics are discussed, along with their presumed targets and pathway interactions. The existing literature provides solid ground to hypothesize that the rich vesicles link exercise to stroke prevention and rehabilitation. However, there are several open questions about the exercise stressors which may optimally regulate EVs kinetic and boost brain mitochondrial adaptations. This review represents a novel perspective on achieving brain fitness against stroke through transplantation of multi-potential EVs generated by multi-parental cells, which is exceptionally reachable in an exercising body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parsa Alehossein
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd., Chamran Hwy., PO: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Taheri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd., Chamran Hwy., PO: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pargol Tayefeh Ghahremani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd., Chamran Hwy., PO: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran
| | - Duaa Dakhlallah
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University of Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Candice M Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Tauheed Ishrat
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sanaz Nasoohi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd., Chamran Hwy., PO: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran.
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Differences in the microRNAs Levels of Raw Milk from Dairy Cattle Raised under Extensive or Intensive Production Systems. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9120661. [PMID: 36548822 PMCID: PMC9783024 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9120661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying microRNA (miRNAs) in certain agri-food products is attractive because (1) they have potential as biomarkers that may allow traceability and authentication of such products; and (2) they may reveal insights into the products' functional potential. The present study evaluated differences in miRNAs levels in fat and cellular fractions of tank milk collected from commercial farms which employ extensive or intensive dairy production systems. We first sequenced miRNAs in three milk samples from each production system, and then validated miRNAs whose levels in the cellular and fat fraction differed significantly between the two production systems. To accomplish this, we used quantitative PCR with both fractions of tank milk samples from another 20 commercial farms. Differences in miRNAs were identified in fat fractions: overall levels of miRNAs, and, specifically, the levels of bta-mir-215, were higher in intensive systems than in extensive systems. Bovine mRNA targets for bta-miR-215 and their pathway analysis were performed. While the causes of these miRNAs differences remain to be elucidated, our results suggest that the type of production system could affect miRNAs levels and potential functionality of agri-food products of animal origin.
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Abou el qassim L, Le Guillou S, Royo LJ. Variation of miRNA Content in Cow Raw Milk Depending on the Dairy Production System. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11681. [PMID: 36232984 PMCID: PMC9569736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pasture-based milk presents several advantages over milk from intensive industrial farming in terms of human health, the environment, animal welfare, and social aspects. This highlights the need for reliable methods to differentiate milk according to its origin on the market. Here, we explored whether miRNA profiles could serve as a marker of milk production systems. We compared levels of previously described miRNAs in milk from four production systems (altogether 112 milk samples): grazing, zero grazing, grass silage or corn silage. Total RNA was extracted from the fat phase, and miRNAs levels were quantified by real-time quantitative PCR. The levels of the miRNAs bta-miR-155 and bta-miR-103 were higher in the grazing system than in corn silage farms. The levels of bta-miR-532, bta-miR-103 and bta-miR-7863 showed differences between different farm managements. The miRNAs bta-miR-155 and bta-miR-103 were predicted to participate in common functions related to fat metabolism and fatty acid elongation. All four differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted to participate in transport, cell differentiation, and metabolism. These results suggest that the dairy production system influences the levels of some miRNAs in milk fat, and that bta-miR-155 and bta-miR-103 may be potential biomarkers to identify milk from pasture-managed systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loubna Abou el qassim
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - Sandrine Le Guillou
- GABI, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Luis J. Royo
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain
- Department of Functional Biology, Genetics, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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10
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Ricci S, Petri RM, Pacífico C, Castillo-Lopez E, Rivera-Chacon R, Sener-Aydemir A, Reisinger N, Zebeli Q, Kreuzer-Redmer S. Characterization of presence and activity of microRNAs in the rumen of cattle hints at possible host-microbiota cross-talk mechanism. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13812. [PMID: 35970850 PMCID: PMC9378797 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17445-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as important post-transcriptional regulators, are ubiquitous in various tissues. The aim of this exploratory study was to determine the presence of miRNAs in rumen fluid, and to investigate the possibility of miRNA-mediated cross-talk within the ruminal ecosystem. Rumen fluid samples from four cannulated Holstein cows were collected during two feeding regimes (forage and high-grain diet) and DNA and RNA were extracted for amplicon and small RNA sequencing. Epithelial biopsies were simultaneously collected to investigate the co-expression of miRNAs in papillae and rumen fluid. We identified 377 miRNAs in rumen fluid and 638 in rumen papillae, of which 373 were shared. Analysis of microbiota revealed 20 genera to be differentially abundant between the two feeding regimes, whereas no difference in miRNAs expression was detected. Correlations with at least one genus were found for 170 miRNAs, of which, 39 were highly significant (r > |0.7| and P < 0.01). Both hierarchical clustering of the correlation matrix and WGCNA analysis identified two main miRNA groups. Putative target and functional prediction analysis for the two groups revealed shared pathways with the predicted metabolic activities of the microbiota. Hence, our study supports the hypothesis of a cross-talk within the rumen at least partly mediated by miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ricci
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Renée M Petri
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Cátia Pacífico
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Biome Diagnostics GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ezequias Castillo-Lopez
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Raul Rivera-Chacon
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arife Sener-Aydemir
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Qendrim Zebeli
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Kreuzer-Redmer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
Exosomes are natural nanoparticles that originate in the endocytic system. Exosomes play an important role in cell-to-cell communication by transferring RNAs, lipids, and proteins from donor cells to recipient cells or by binding to receptors on the recipient cell surface. The concentration of exosomes and the diversity of cargos are high in milk. Exosomes and their cargos resist degradation in the gastrointestinal tract and during processing of milk in dairy plants. They are absorbed and accumulate in tissues following oral administrations, cross the blood-brain barrier, and dietary depletion and supplementation elicit phenotypes. These features have sparked the interest of the nutrition and pharmacology communities for exploring milk exosomes as novel bioactive food compounds and for delivering drugs to diseased tissues. This review discusses the current knowledgebase, uncertainties, and controversies in these lines of scholarly endeavor and health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ngu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Haichuan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Afsana Khanam
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Janos Zempleni
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska
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12
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Ono K, Okamoto S, Ninomiya C, Toji N, Kanazawa T, Ishiguro-Oonuma T, Takahashi T, Iga K, Kizaki K. Analysis of circulating microRNA during early gestation in Japanese black cattle. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2022; 79:106706. [PMID: 34973621 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2021.106706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been used as biomarkers for various diseases and physiological conditions in humans and mice; studies in domestic animals, particularly cattle, are limited. The importance of early pregnancy diagnosis (especially within the 21-d cow estrous cycle) in the livestock industry is extremely high. This study compared the circulating miRNAs in bred non-pregnant and pregnant Japanese Black cows, explored miRNAs as biomarkers for early pregnancy diagnosis, and established a measurement system that included selecting an appropriate reference miRNA and determining the effect of hemolysis on miRNA quantification in plasma. miRNA was extracted from the plasma of Japanese Black cows on day 21 after artificial insemination and subjected to a customized bovine oligonucleotide microarray for expression analysis. Differentially expressed miRNAs and reference miRNA candidates were selected and validated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). An appropriate endogenous reference miRNA for normalization was selected using NormFinder software. To evaluate the effect of hemolysis on miRNA quantification, hemolyzed samples were prepared using plasma from four cows in the estrous cycle and subjected to RT-qPCR. A total of 124 miRNAs were detected in bovine plasma by microarray analysis in bred non-pregnant and pregnant cows. The levels of five circulating miRNAs were significantly higher in pregnant cows than in bred non-pregnant cows, and 24 miRNAs were detected only in the pregnant group. NormFinder analysis and RT-qPCR validation showed that miR-2455 was an appropriate reference miRNA in the plasma of bred non-pregnant and pregnant Japanese Black cows, and miR-19b, miR-25, miR-29a, and miR-148a were significantly higher in the pregnant group. These four circulating miRNAs did not change during the estrous cycle and were less affected by hemolysis. In the current study, we found four miRNAs, miR-19b, miR-25, miR-29a, and miR-148a, which were present at high levels in the plasma of pregnant Japanese Black cows. Since these miRNAs are less affected by hemolysis, they may potentially be used as biomarkers for early pregnancy diagnosis in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ono
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - S Okamoto
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - C Ninomiya
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - N Toji
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - T Kanazawa
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - T Ishiguro-Oonuma
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - T Takahashi
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - K Iga
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Morioka, Iwate 020-0198, Japan
| | - K Kizaki
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan.
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13
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Maiorano AM, Cardoso DF, Carvalheiro R, Júnior GAF, de Albuquerque LG, de Oliveira HN. Signatures of selection in Nelore cattle revealed by whole-genome sequencing data. Genomics 2022; 114:110304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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14
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Cardona E, Guyomar C, Desvignes T, Montfort J, Guendouz S, Postlethwait JH, Skiba-Cassy S, Bobe J. Circulating miRNA repertoire as a biomarker of metabolic and reproductive states in rainbow trout. BMC Biol 2021; 19:235. [PMID: 34781956 PMCID: PMC8594080 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-01163-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circulating miRNAs (c-miRNAs) are found in most, if not all, biological fluids and are becoming well-established non-invasive biomarkers of many human pathologies. However, their features in non-pathological contexts and whether their expression profiles reflect normal life history events have received little attention, especially in non-mammalian species. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of c-miRNAs to serve as biomarkers of reproductive and metabolic states in fish. Results The blood plasma was sampled throughout the reproductive cycle of female rainbow trout subjected to two different feeding regimes that triggered contrasting metabolic states. In addition, ovarian fluid was sampled at ovulation, and all samples were subjected to small RNA-seq analysis, leading to the establishment of a comprehensive miRNA repertoire (i.e., miRNAome) and enabling subsequent comparative analyses to a panel of RNA-seq libraries from a wide variety of tissues and organs. We showed that biological fluid miRNAomes are complex and encompass a high proportion of the overall rainbow trout miRNAome. While sharing a high proportion of common miRNAs, the blood plasma and ovarian fluid miRNAomes exhibited strong fluid-specific signatures. We further revealed that the blood plasma miRNAome significantly changed depending on metabolic and reproductive states. We subsequently identified three evolutionarily conserved muscle-specific miRNAs or myomiRs (miR-1-1/2-3p, miR-133a-1/2-3p, and miR-206-3p) that accumulated in the blood plasma in response to high feeding rates, making these myomiRs strong candidate biomarkers of active myogenesis. We also identified miR-202-5p as a candidate biomarker for reproductive success that could be used to predict ovulation and/or egg quality. Conclusions Together, these promising results reveal the high potential of c-miRNAs, including evolutionarily conserved myomiRs, as physiologically relevant biomarker candidates and pave the way for the use of c-miRNAs for non-invasive phenotyping in various fish species. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-021-01163-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Cardona
- INRAE, LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomics, F-35000, Rennes, France.,INRAE, Univ. Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, NUMEA, 64310, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Cervin Guyomar
- INRAE, LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomics, F-35000, Rennes, France.,GenPhySE, University of Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Thomas Desvignes
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Jérôme Montfort
- INRAE, LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomics, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Samia Guendouz
- Institute of Functional Genomics, MGX, UMR 5203 CNRS - U1191 INSERM, F-34094, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Sandrine Skiba-Cassy
- INRAE, Univ. Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, NUMEA, 64310, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Julien Bobe
- INRAE, LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomics, F-35000, Rennes, France.
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15
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Tewari RS, Ala U, Accornero P, Baratta M, Miretti S. Circulating skeletal muscle related microRNAs profile in Piedmontese cattle during different age. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15815. [PMID: 34349188 PMCID: PMC8339070 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95137-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Piedmontese cattle is known for double-muscle phenotype. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important role as regulators in skeletal muscle physiological processes, and we hypothesize that plasma miRNAs expression profiles could be affected by skeletal muscle growth status related to age. Plasma samples of cattle were collected during four different ages from first week of life until the time of commercial end of the fattening period before slaughter. Small-RNA sequencing data analysis revealed the presence of 40% of muscle-related miRNAs among the top 25 highly expressed miRNAs and, 19 miRNAs showed differential expression too. Using qRT-PCR, we validated in a larger bovine population, miRNAs involved in skeletal muscle physiology pathways. Comparing new-born with the other age groups, miR-10b, miR-126-5p, miR-143 and miR-146b were significantly up-regulated, whereas miR-21-5p, miR-221, miR-223 and miR-30b-5p were significantly down-regulated. High expression levels of miR-23a in all the groups were found. Myostatin, a negative regulator of skeletal muscle hypertrophy, was predicted as the target gene for miR-23a and miR-126-5p and we demonstrated their direct binding. Correlation analysis revealed association between miRNAs expression profiles and animals’ weights along the age. Circulating miRNAs could be promising for future studies on their biomarker potentialities to beef cattle selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupal S Tewari
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ugo Ala
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Accornero
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Baratta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Miretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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16
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Garai K, Adam Z, Herczeg R, Banfai K, Gyebrovszki A, Gyenesei A, Pongracz JE, Wilhelm M, Kvell K. Physical Activity as a Preventive Lifestyle Intervention Acts Through Specific Exosomal miRNA Species-Evidence From Human Short- and Long-Term Pilot Studies. Front Physiol 2021; 12:658218. [PMID: 34408656 PMCID: PMC8365358 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.658218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise initiates systemic adaptation to promote health and prevent various lifestyle-related chronic diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that circulating exosomes mediate some of the beneficial effects of exercise via the transfer of microRNAs between tissues. Yet to date, a comprehensive profile of the exosomal miRNA (exomiR) content released following short-term (0.5 year in this study) and long-term (25 + years in this study) regular bouts of exercise is still lacking. However, a better understanding of these miRNA species would assist in clarifying the role of regular exercise at the molecular level in the prevention of chronic diseases. In the present pilot studies we analyzed serum exomiR expression in healthy young, sedentary participants (n = 14; age: 23 ± 2 years) at baseline and following a half year-long moderate-intensity regular exercise training. We also analyzed serum exomiR expression in older, healthy trained participants (seniors, n = 11; age: 62 ± 6 years) who engaged in endurance activities for at least 25 years. Following the isolation and enrichment of serum exosomes using Total Exosome Isolation Reagent (TEI) their exomiR levels were determined using the amplification-free Nanostring platform. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that the majority of exomiRs overlap for short-term (0.5 year in this study) and long-term (25 + years in this study) regular bouts of exercise. The top 12 significantly altered exomiRs (let-7a-5p; let-7g-5p; miR-130a-3p; miR-142-3p; miR-150-5p; miR-15a-5p; miR-15b-5p; miR-199a-3p; miR-199b-3p; miR-223-3p; miR-23a-3p, and miR-451a-3p) were used for further evaluation. According to KEGG pathway analysis a large portion of the exomiRs target chronic diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases, and viral infections. Our results provide evidence that exosomal miRNA modulation is the molecular mechanism through which regular exercise prevents various chronic diseases. The possibility of using such exomiRs to target diseases is of great interest. While further validation is needed, our comprehensive exomiR study presents, for the first time, the disease-preventive molecular pattern of both short and long-term regular exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitti Garai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Wnt-Signaling Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Adam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Wnt-Signaling Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Robert Herczeg
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Banfai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Wnt-Signaling Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Adam Gyebrovszki
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Attila Gyenesei
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Judit E. Pongracz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Wnt-Signaling Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Marta Wilhelm
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Krisztian Kvell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Wnt-Signaling Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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17
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Ojima K, Muroya S, Wada H, Ogawa K, Oe M, Takimoto K, Nishimura T. Immature adipocyte-derived exosomes inhibit expression of muscle differentiation markers. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:768-781. [PMID: 33527775 PMCID: PMC7931241 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are released from a variety of cells to communicate with recipient cells. Exosomes contain microRNAs (miRNAs), which are noncoding RNAs that suppress target genes. Our previous proteomic study (FEBS Open Bio 2016, 6, 816–826) demonstrated that 3T3‐L1 adipocytes secrete exosome components as well as growth factors, inspiring us to investigate what type of miRNA is involved in adipocyte‐secreted exosomes and what functions they carry out in recipient cells. Here, we profiled miRNAs in 3T3‐L1 adipocyte‐secreted exosomes and revealed suppression of muscle differentiation by adipocyte‐derived exosomes. Through our microarray analysis, we detected over 300 exosomal miRNAs during adipocyte differentiation. Exosomal miRNAs present during adipocyte differentiation included not only pro‐adipogenic miRNAs but also miRNAs associated with muscular dystrophy. Gene ontology analysis predicted that the target genes of miRNAs are associated primarily with transcriptional regulation. To further investigate whether adipocyte‐secreted exosomes regulate the expression levels of genes involved in muscle differentiation, we treated cultured myoblasts with adipocyte‐derived exosome fractions. Intriguingly, the expression levels of myogenic regulatory factors, Myog and Myf6, and other muscle differentiation markers, myosin heavy‐chain 3 and insulin‐like growth factor 2, were significantly downregulated in myoblasts treated with adipocyte‐derived exosomes. Immature adipocyte‐derived exosomes exhibited a stronger suppressive effect than mature adipocyte‐derived exosomes. Our results suggest that adipocytes suppress the expression levels of muscle differentiation‐associated genes in myoblasts via adipocyte‐secreted exosomes containing miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Ojima
- Muscle Biology Research Unit, Division of Animal Products Research, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Susumu Muroya
- Muscle Biology Research Unit, Division of Animal Products Research, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiromu Wada
- Ion Channel Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ogawa
- Ion Channel Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Mika Oe
- Muscle Biology Research Unit, Division of Animal Products Research, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Koichi Takimoto
- Ion Channel Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Takanori Nishimura
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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18
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Estébanez B, Jiménez-Pavón D, Huang CJ, Cuevas MJ, González-Gallego J. Effects of exercise on exosome release and cargo in in vivo and ex vivo models: A systematic review. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3336-3353. [PMID: 33037627 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Exercise-released exosomes have been identified as novel players to mediate cell-to-cell communication in promoting systemic beneficial effects. This review aimed to systematically investigate the effects of exercise on exosome release and cargo, as well as provide an overview of their physiological implications. Among the 436 articles obtained in the database search (WOS, Scopus, and PubMed), 19 articles were included based on eligibility criteria. Results indicate that exercise promotes the release of exosomes without modification of its vesicle size. The literature has primarily shown an exercise-driven increase in exosome markers (Alix, CD63, CD81, and Flot-1), along with other exosome-carried proteins, into circulation. However, exosome isolation, characterization, and phenotyping methodology, as well as timing of sample recovery following exercise can influence the analysis and interpretation of findings. Moreover, a large number of exosome-carried microRNAs (miRNAs), including miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-206, and miR-486, in response to exercise are involved in the modulation of proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle tissue, although antigen-presenting cells, leukocytes, endothelial cells, and platelets are the main sources of exosome release into the circulation. Collectively, with the physiological implications as evidenced by the ex vivo trials, the release of exercise-promoted exosomes and their cargo could provide the potential therapeutic applications via the role of intercellular communication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Jiménez-Pavón
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, MOVE-IT Research Group, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Chun-Jung Huang
- Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - María J Cuevas
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
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19
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Denham J, Spencer SJ. Emerging roles of extracellular vesicles in the intercellular communication for exercise-induced adaptations. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E320-E329. [PMID: 32603601 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00215.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Complex organisms rely heavily on intercellular communication. The rapidly expanding field of extracellular vesicle biology has made it clear that the necessary intercellular communication occurs partly through their paracrine and endocrine actions. Extracellular vesicles are nanoscale lipid membranes (30-2,000 nm in diameter) that shuttle functional biological material between cells. They are released from numerous tissues and are isolated from nearly all biofluids and cell cultures. Although their biogenesis, cell targeting, and functional roles are incompletely understood, they appear to have crucial roles in physiological and disease processes. Their enormous potential to serve as sensitive biomarkers of disease and also new therapeutic interventions for diseases have gained them considerable attention in recent years. Regular physical exercise training confers systemic health benefits and consequently prevents many age-related degenerative diseases. Many of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the salubrious effects of exercise are known, yet a common underlying mechanism potentially responsible for the holistic health benefits of exercise has only recently been explored (i.e., via extracellular vesicle transport of biological material). Here, we provide an overview of extracellular vesicle biology before outlining the current evidence on the capacity for a single bout and chronic exercise to elicit changes in extracellular vesicle content and modulate their molecular cargo (e.g., small RNAs). We highlight areas for future research and emphasize their potential utility as biomarkers and therapeutic strategies of disease and its prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Denham
- RMIT University, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah J Spencer
- RMIT University, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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20
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Sohel MMH. Macronutrient modulation of mRNA and microRNA function in animals: A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 6:258-268. [PMID: 33005759 PMCID: PMC7503081 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dietary macronutrients have been regarded as a basic source of energy and amino acids that are necessary for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, metabolic programming as well as protein synthesis. Due to the emergence of “nutrigenomics”, a unique discipline that combines nutritional and omics technologies to study the impacts of nutrition on genomics, it is increasingly evident that macronutrients also have a significant role in the gene expression regulation. Gene expression is a complex phenomenon controlled by several signaling pathways and could be influenced by a wide variety of environmental and physiological factors. Dietary macronutrients are the most important environmental factor influencing the expression of both genes and microRNAs (miRNA). miRNA are tiny molecules of 18 to 22 nucleotides long that regulate the expression of genes. Therefore, dietary macronutrients can influence the expression of genes in both direct and indirect manners. Recent advancements in the state-of-the-art technologies regarding molecular genetics, such as next-generation sequencing, quantitative PCR array, and microarray, allowed us to investigate the occurrence of genome-wide changes in the expression of genes in relation to augmented or reduced dietary macronutrient intake. The purpose of this review is to accumulate the current knowledge focusing on macronutrient mediated changes in the gene function. This review will discuss the impact of altered dietary carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake on the expression of coding genes and their functions. In addition, it will also summarize the regulation of miRNA, both cellular and extracellular miRNA, expression modulated by dietary macronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahmodul Hasan Sohel
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey.,Genome and Stem Cell Centre, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey
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21
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Muroya S, Ogasawara H, Nohara K, Oe M, Ojima K, Hojito M. Coordinated alteration of mRNA-microRNA transcriptomes associated with exosomes and fatty acid metabolism in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in grazing cattle. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019; 33:1824-1836. [PMID: 32054170 PMCID: PMC7649083 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective On the hypothesis that grazing of cattle prompts organs to secrete or internalize circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) in parallel with changes in energy metabolism, we aimed to clarify biological events in adipose, skeletal muscle, and liver tissues in grazing Japanese Shorthorn (JSH) steers by a transcriptomic approach. Methods The subcutaneous fat (SCF), biceps femoris muscle (BFM), and liver in JSH steers after three months of grazing or housing were analyzed using microarray and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), followed by gene ontology (GO) and functional annotation analyses. Results The results of transcriptomics indicated that SCF was highly responsive to grazing compared to BFM and liver tissues. The ‘Exosome’, ‘Carbohydrate metabolism’ and ‘Lipid metabolism’ were extracted as the relevant GO terms in SCF and BFM, and/or liver from the >1.5-fold-altered mRNAs in grazing steers. The qPCR analyses showed a trend of upregulated gene expression related to exosome secretion and internalization (charged multivesicular body protein 4A, vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B, vesicle associated membrane protein 7, caveolin 1) in the BFM and SCF, as well as upregulation of lipolysis-associated mRNAs (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A, hormone-sensitive lipase, perilipin 1, adipose triglyceride lipase, fatty acid binding protein 4) and most of the microRNAs (miRNAs) in SCF. Moreover, gene expression related to fatty acid uptake and inter-organ signaling (solute carrier family 27 member 4 and angiopoietin-like 4) was upregulated in BFM, suggesting activation of SCF-BFM organ crosstalk for energy metabolism. Meanwhile, expression of plasma exosomal miR-16a, miR-19b, miR-21-5p, and miR-142-5p was reduced. According to bioinformatic analyses, the c-miRNA target genes are associated with the terms ‘Endosome’, ‘Caveola’, ‘Endocytosis’, ‘Carbohydrate metabolism’, and with pathways related to environmental information processing and the endocrine system. Conclusion Exosome and fatty acid metabolism-related gene expression was altered in SCF of grazing cattle, which could be regulated by miRNA such as miR-142-5p. These changes occurred coordinately in both the SCF and BFM, suggesting involvement of exosome in the SCF-BFM organ crosstalk to modulate energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Muroya
- Animal Products Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science (NILGS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-1207, Japan
| | - Hideki Ogasawara
- Field Science Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Yakumo, Hokkaido 049-3121, Japan
| | - Kana Nohara
- Field Science Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Yakumo, Hokkaido 049-3121, Japan
| | - Mika Oe
- Animal Products Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science (NILGS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-1207, Japan
| | - Koichi Ojima
- Animal Products Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science (NILGS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-1207, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hojito
- Field Science Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Yakumo, Hokkaido 049-3121, Japan
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22
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Grasso M, Piscopo P, Talarico G, Ricci L, Crestini A, Tosto G, Gasparini M, Bruno G, Denti MA, Confaloni A. Plasma microRNA profiling distinguishes patients with frontotemporal dementia from healthy subjects. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 84:240.e1-240.e12. [PMID: 30826067 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop an easy and minimally invasive assay to detect a plasma miRNA profile in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) patients, with the final aim of discriminating between FTD patients and healthy controls (HCs). After a global miRNA profiling, significant downregulation of miR-663a, miR-502-3p, and miR-206 (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0002, and p = 0.02 respectively) in FTD patients was confirmed when compared with HCs in a larger case-control sample. Moreover, miR-663a and miR-502-3p showed significant differences in both genders, whereas miR-206, only in male subjects. To obtain a discriminating measure between FTD patients and HCs, we calculated a combined score of the 3 miRNAs by applying a Bayesian approach and obtaining a classifier with an accuracy of 84.4%. Moreover, for men, combined miRNA levels showed an excellent sensitivity (100%) and a good specificity (87.5%) in distinguishing FTD patients from HCs. All these findings open new hypotheses in the pathophysiology and new perspectives in the diagnosis of a complex pathology as FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Grasso
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), Trento, Italy
| | - Paola Piscopo
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Talarico
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Ricci
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy; CIMeC, Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Alessio Crestini
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tosto
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marina Gasparini
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bruno
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela A Denti
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), Trento, Italy.
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23
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Sengar GS, Deb R, Singh U, Junghare V, Hazra S, Raja TV, Alex R, Kumar A, Alyethodi RR, Kant R, Jakshara S, Joshi CG. Identification of differentially expressed microRNAs in Sahiwal (Bos indicus) breed of cattle during thermal stress. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:1019-1032. [PMID: 29777484 PMCID: PMC6111087 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-0911-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that play key roles in post transcriptional gene regulation that influence various fundamental cellular processes, including the cellular responses during environmental stresses. However, perusal of literatures revealed few reports on the differential expression of miRNA during thermal stress in Indian native (Bos indicus) cattle breeds. The present investigation aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs during thermal stress in Sahiwal (Bos indicus) dairy cattle breed of India, adapted with tropical climate over a long period of time. Stress responses of the animals were characterized by determining various physiological as well as biochemical parameters and differential expression profile of major heat shock protein genes. Ion Torrent deep sequencing and CLC-genomic analysis identified a set of differentially expressed miRNAs during summer and winter seasons. Most of the identified differentially expressed miRNAs were found to target heat shock responsive genes especially members of heat shock protein (HSP) family. Real-time quantification-based analysis of selected miRNAs revealed that bta-mir-1248, bta-mir-2332, bta-mir-2478, and bta-mir-1839 were significantly (p < 0.01) over expressed while bta-mir-16a, bta-let-7b, bta-mir-142, and bta-mir-425 were significantly (p < 0.01) under expressed during summer in comparison to winter. The present study enlists differentially expressed miRNAs at different environmental temperatures in Sahiwal (Bos indicus) that may be importance for further understanding the role of miRNAs on thermo-regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyanendra Singh Sengar
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, -250 001, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology & Science, Allahabad, India
| | - Rajib Deb
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, -250 001, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Umesh Singh
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, -250 001, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Junghare
- Department of Biotechnology, Center of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Saugata Hazra
- Department of Biotechnology, Center of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
- Center of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - T V Raja
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, -250 001, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rani Alex
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, -250 001, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, -250 001, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R R Alyethodi
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, -250 001, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajiv Kant
- Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology & Science, Allahabad, India
| | - Subhash Jakshara
- Ome Research Laboratory, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - C G Joshi
- Ome Research Laboratory, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
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24
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Ioannidis J, Donadeu FX. Comprehensive analysis of blood cells and plasma identifies tissue-specific miRNAs as potential novel circulating biomarkers in cattle. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:243. [PMID: 29636028 PMCID: PMC5894187 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4646-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of tissue function, both in health and disease, has been extensively demonstrated in humans. In addition, circulating miRNA biomarkers offer significant potential towards improving the productivity of livestock species, however, such potential has been hampered by the absence of information on the nature and source of circulating miRNA populations in these species. In addition, many miRNAs originally proposed as robust biomarkers of a particular tissue or disease in humans have been later shown not to be tissue specific and thus to actually have limited biomarker utility. In this study, we comprehensively analysed miRNA profiles in plasma and cell fractions of blood from cattle with the aim to identify tissue-derived miRNAs which may be useful as biomarkers of tissue function in this important food animal species. RESULTS Using small RNA sequencing, we identified 92 miRNAs with significantly higher expression in plasma compared to paired blood cell samples (n = 4 cows). Differences in miRNA levels between plasma and cell fractions were validated for eight out of 10 miRNAs using RT-qPCR (n = 10 cows). Among miRNAs found to be enriched in plasma, we confirmed miR-122 (liver), miR-133a (muscle) and miR-215 (intestine) to be tissue-enriched, as reported for other species. Profiling of additional miRNAs across different tissues identified the human homologue, miR-802, as highly enriched specifically in liver. CONCLUSIONS These results provide novel information on the source of bovine circulating miRNAs and could significantly facilitate the identification of production-relevant tissue biomarkers in livestock. In particular, miR-802, a circulating miRNA not previously identified in cattle, can reportedly regulate insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism, and thus could potentially provide a specific biomarker of liver function, a key parameter in the context of post-partum negative energy balance in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Ioannidis
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
| | - F. Xavier Donadeu
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
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25
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Ioannidis J, Risse J, Donadeu FX. Profiling of MicroRNAs in the Biofluids of Livestock Species. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1733:65-77. [PMID: 29435923 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7601-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The value of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as noninvasive biomarkers of human disease has been extensively demonstrated. Significant potential also exists in other species, particularly in relation to control of veterinary diseases and selection/monitoring of production traits in livestock. Although robust protocols have been developed for miRNA profiling of human biofluids, significant optimization may be required before these can be applied to other species. In this chapter, we describe protocols for small-RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR analyses of plasma samples from livestock species. In addition, we provide brief data analysis protocols for small-RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR data. Finally, we highlight important considerations for these protocols such as low RNA yield, platform-specific biases, and optimal normalization approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Ioannidis
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, UK.
| | - Judith Risse
- Edinburgh Genomics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Bioinformatics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, NL, USA
| | - F Xavier Donadeu
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, UK.
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26
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Bovine milk-derived exosomes from colostrum are enriched with proteins implicated in immune response and growth. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5933. [PMID: 28725021 PMCID: PMC5517456 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06288-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by multiple cell types into the extracellular space. They contain cell-state specific cargos which often reflects the (patho)physiological condition of the cells/organism. Milk contains high amounts of exosomes and it is unclear whether their cargo is altered based on the lactation stage of the organism. Here, we isolated exosomes from bovine milk that were obtained at various stages of lactation and examined the content by quantitative proteomics. Exosomes were isolated by OptiPrep density gradient centrifugation from milk obtained from cow after 24, 48 and 72 h post calving. As control, exosomes were also isolated from cows during mid-lactation period which has been referred to as mature milk (MM). Biochemical and biophysical characterization of exosomes revealed the high abundance of exosomes in colostrum and MM samples. Quantitative proteomics analysis highlighted the change in the proteomic cargo of exosomes based on the lactation state of the cow. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that exosomes from colostrum are significantly enriched with proteins that can potentially regulate the immune response and growth. This study highlights the importance of exosomes in colostrum and hence opens up new avenues to exploit these vesicles in the regulation of the immune response and growth.
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27
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Exosomes Mediate the Beneficial Effects of Exercise. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1000:333-353. [PMID: 29098629 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4304-8_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is known that moderate exercise can prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases, but the exact molecular mechanisms mediating cardioprotective effect of exercise remain unknown. Emerging evidence suggests that exercise has great impact on the biogenesis of exosomes, which have been found in both interstitial fluid and circulation, and play important roles in cellular communication. Exosomes carry functional molecules such as mRNAs, microRNA, and specific proteins, which can be used in the early diagnosis and targeted therapy of a variety of diseases. Our review focus on the current knowledge on exosome production, secretion, uptake and how exercise influence exosome content. We also highlight recent research development in exosome based approach for cardiac repair.
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28
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Zempleni J, Aguilar-Lozano A, Sadri M, Sukreet S, Manca S, Wu D, Zhou F, Mutai E. Biological Activities of Extracellular Vesicles and Their Cargos from Bovine and Human Milk in Humans and Implications for Infants. J Nutr 2017; 147:3-10. [PMID: 27852870 PMCID: PMC5177735 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.238949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in milk harbor a variety of compounds, including lipids, proteins, noncoding RNAs, and mRNAs. Among the various classes of EVs, exosomes are of particular interest, because cargo sorting in exosomes is a regulated, nonrandom process and exosomes play essential roles in cell-to-cell communication. Encapsulation in exosomes confers protection against enzymatic and nonenzymatic degradation of cargos and provides a pathway for cellular uptake of cargos by endocytosis of exosomes. Compelling evidence suggests that exosomes in bovine milk are transported by intestinal cells, vascular endothelial cells, and macrophages in human and rodent cell cultures, and bovine-milk exosomes are delivered to peripheral tissues in mice. Evidence also suggests that cargos in bovine-milk exosomes, in particular RNAs, are delivered to circulating immune cells in humans. Some microRNAs and mRNAs in bovine-milk exosomes may regulate the expression of human genes and be translated into protein, respectively. Some exosome cargos are quantitatively minor in the diet compared with endogenous synthesis. However, noncanonical pathways have been identified through which low concentrations of dietary microRNAs may alter gene expression, such as the accumulation of exosomes in the immune cell microenvironment and the binding of microRNAs to Toll-like receptors. Phenotypes observed in infant-feeding studies include higher Mental Developmental Index, Psychomotor Development Index, and Preschool Language Scale-3 scores in breastfed infants than in those fed various formulas. In mice, supplementation with plant-derived MIR-2911 improved the antiviral response compared with controls. Porcine-milk exosomes promote the proliferation of intestinal cells in mice. This article discusses the above-mentioned advances in research concerning milk exosomes and their cargos in human nutrition. Implications for infant nutrition are emphasized, where permitted, but data in infants are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janos Zempleni
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Ana Aguilar-Lozano
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Mahrou Sadri
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Sonal Sukreet
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Sonia Manca
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Ezra Mutai
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
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29
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Thomson JM. Impacts of environment on gene expression and epigenetic modification in grazing animals. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016-0556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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30
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Muroya S, Shibata M, Hayashi M, Oe M, Ojima K. Differences in Circulating microRNAs between Grazing and Grain-Fed Wagyu Cattle Are Associated with Altered Expression of Intramuscular microRNA, the Potential Target PTEN, and Lipogenic Genes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162496. [PMID: 27611783 PMCID: PMC5017714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to understand the roles of miRNAs in the muscle tissue maturation and those of circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) in beef production of Japanese Black (JB) cattle (Wagyu), a breed with genetically background of superior intermuscular fat depot, by comparing different feeding conditions (indoor grain-feeding vs. grazing on pasture). The cattle at 18 months old were assigned to pasture feeding or conventional indoor grain feeding conditions for 5 months. Microarray analysis of c-miRNAs from the plasma extracellular vesicles led to the detection of a total of 202 bovine miRNAs in the plasma, including 15 miRNAs that differed between the feeding conditions. Validation of the microarray results by qPCR showed that the circulating miR-10b level in the grazing cattle was upregulated compared to that of the grain-fed cattle. In contrast, the levels of miR-17-5p, miR-19b, miR-29b, miR-30b-5p, miR-98, miR-142-5p, miR-301a, miR-374b, miR-425-5p, and miR-652 were lower in the grazing cattle than in the grain-fed cattle. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that the predicted target genes of those c-miRNAs were enriched in gene ontology terms associated with blood vessel morphogenesis, plasma membrane, focal adhesion, endocytosis, collagen, ECM-receptor interaction, and phosphorylation. In the grazing cattle, the elevation of miR-10b expression in the plasma was coincident with its elevation in the longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle. Expression of bovine-specific miR-2478, the most plasma-enriched miRNA, tended to be also upregulated in the muscle but not in the plasma. Furthermore, grazing caused the downregulated mRNA expression of predicted miR-10b and/or miR-2478 target genes, such as DNAJB2, PTEN, and SCD1. Thus, the feeding system used for JB cattle affected the c-miRNAs that could be indicators of grain feeding. Among these, miR-10b expression was especially associated with feeding-induced changes and with the expression of the potential target genes responsible for glucose homeostasis and intramuscular fat depot in the LL muscle of JB cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Muroya
- Animal Products Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Masahiro Shibata
- Livestock Production and Wildlife Management Research Division, NARO Western Region Agricultural Center, Ohda, Shimane, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hayashi
- Animal Physiology and Nutrition Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mika Oe
- Animal Products Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Koichi Ojima
- Animal Products Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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31
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Wang H, Wang B. Extracellular vesicle microRNAs mediate skeletal muscle myogenesis and disease. Biomed Rep 2016; 5:296-300. [PMID: 27588172 PMCID: PMC4997983 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle function is important for good health and independent living, and has been subject to numerous studies focused on skeletal muscle development, function and metabolism. However, progressive and degenerative changes in skeletal muscle function often occur following physiological and pathological stress, and these lead to the progression of diabetes, obesity, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular or respiratory diseases. Identifying the mechanisms that influence the processes regulating skeletal muscle function is a key priority. Recently, studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in regulating biological processes. For instance, exosomes are key tools for communication between cells. Therefore, by determining how select miRNAs are transported to target organs and initiate their effects, these results will help explain muscle and organ crosstalk, improve our understanding and application of current therapeutic approaches and lead to the identification of new therapeutic strategies and targets aimed at maintaining and/or improving skeletal muscle health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
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32
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Mitchell MD, Scholz-Romero K, Reed S, Peiris HN, Koh YQ, Meier S, Walker CG, Burke CR, Roche JR, Rice G, Salomon C. Plasma exosome profiles from dairy cows with divergent fertility phenotypes. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:7590-7601. [PMID: 27372594 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell communication in physiological and pathological conditions may be influenced by neighboring cells, distant tissues, or local environmental factors. Exosomes are specific subsets of extracellular vesicles that internalize and deliver their content to near and distant sites. Exosomes may play a role in the maternal-embryo crosstalk vital for the recognition and maintenance of a pregnancy; however, their role in dairy cow reproduction has not been established. This study aimed to characterize the exosome profile in the plasma of 2 strains of dairy cow with divergent fertility phenotypes. Plasma was obtained and characterized on the basis of genetic ancestry as fertile (FERT; <23% North American genetics, New Zealand Holstein-Friesian strain, n=8) or subfertile (SUBFERT; >92% North American genetics, North American Holstein-Friesian strain, n=8). Exosomes were isolated by differential and buoyant density centrifugation and characterized by size distribution (nanoparticle tracking analysis, NanoSight NS500, NanoSight Ltd., Amesbury, UK), the presence of CD63 (Western blot), and their morphology (electron microscopy). The total number of exosomes was determined by quantifying the immunoreactive CD63 (ExoELISA kit, System Biosciences), and the protein content established by mass spectrometry. Enriched exosome fractions were identified as cup-shape vesicles with diameters around 100 nm and positive for the CD63 marker. The concentration of exosomes was 50% greater in FERT cows. Mass spectrometry identified 104 and 117 proteins in FERT and SUBFERT cows, of which 23 and 36 were unique, respectively. Gene ontology analysis revealed enrichment for proteins involved in immunomodulatory processes and cell-to-cell communication. Although the role of exosomes in dairy cow reproduction remains to be elucidated, their quantification and content in models with divergent fertility phenotypes could provide novel information to support both physiological and genetic approaches to improving dairy cow fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Mitchell
- Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia.
| | - K Scholz-Romero
- Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia
| | - S Reed
- Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia
| | - H N Peiris
- Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia
| | - Y Q Koh
- Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia
| | - S Meier
- DairyNZ Ltd., Private Bag 3221, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - C G Walker
- DairyNZ Ltd., 3A Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - C R Burke
- DairyNZ Ltd., Private Bag 3221, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - J R Roche
- DairyNZ Ltd., Private Bag 3221, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - G Rice
- Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia
| | - C Salomon
- Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia
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33
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Are We Eating Our Way to Prostate Cancer-A Hypothesis Based on the Evolution, Bioaccumulation, and Interspecific Transfer of miR-150. Noncoding RNA 2016; 2:ncrna2020002. [PMID: 29657260 PMCID: PMC5831905 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna2020002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well established epigenetic modifiers. There is a lot of work being done to identify the evolutionary transfer of miRNAs both at intra- and interspecific levels. In this hypothesis-driven review, we have suggested a possible reason as to why miR-150 can be a promising diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer using theories of evolution, bio-accumulation, and interspecific transfer of miRNAs.
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