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Wang W, Huang W, Liu J, Zhang Z, Ji R, Wu C, Zhang J, Jiang X. Electric field promotes dermal fibroblast transdifferentiation through activation of RhoA/ROCK1 pathway. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:1326-1335. [PMID: 37786441 PMCID: PMC10542021 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.86215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increased incidence of age-related and lifestyle-related diseases, chronic wounds are sweeping the world, where recent studies reveal that dysfunction of fibroblast plays an indispensable role. Endogenous electric field (EF) generated by skin wound disrupting an epithelial layer has been used as an alternative clinical treatment in chronic wound by modulating cellular behaviours, including fibroblasts transdifferentiation. Although many molecules and signaling pathways have been reported associated with fibroblasts transdifferentiation, studies investigating how the electric field affects the cellular pathways have been limited. For this purpose, a model of electric field treatment in vitro was established, where cells were randomly divided into control and electrified groups. The changes of protein expression and distribution were detected under different conditions, along with Zeiss imaging system observing the response of cells. Results showed that fibroblast transdifferentiation was accompanied by increased expression of a-SMA and extracellular matrix (COL-1 and COL-3) under the EF. Simultaneously, fibroblast transdifferentiation was also consistent with changes of cell arrangement and enhanced motility. Furthermore, we found that electric field activated RhoA signaling pathways activity. Y-27632, a RhoA inhibitor, which was used to treat fibroblasts, resulted in reduced transdifferentiation. The connection between electric field and RhoA signaling pathways is likely to be significant in modulating fibroblast transdifferentiation in acute injury and tissue remodeling, which provides an innovative idea for the molecular mechanism of EF in promoting chronic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wanqi Huang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ran Ji
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiaping Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xupin Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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2
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Gwanyanya A, Mubagwa K. Emerging role of transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels in cardiac fibroblast pathophysiology. Front Physiol 2022; 13:968393. [PMID: 36277180 PMCID: PMC9583832 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.968393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblasts make up a major proportion of non-excitable cells in the heart and contribute to the cardiac structural integrity and maintenance of the extracellular matrix. During myocardial injury, fibroblasts can be activated to trans-differentiate into myofibroblasts, which secrete extracellular matrix components as part of healing, but may also induce cardiac fibrosis and pathological cardiac structural and electrical remodeling. The mechanisms regulating such cellular processes still require clarification, but the identification of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in cardiac fibroblasts could provide further insights into the fibroblast-related pathophysiology. TRP proteins belong to a diverse superfamily, with subgroups such as the canonical (TRPC), vanilloid (TRPV), melastatin (TRPM), ankyrin (TRPA), polycystin (TRPP), and mucolipin (TRPML). Several TRP proteins form non-selective channels that are permeable to cations like Na+ and Ca2+ and are activated by various chemical and physical stimuli. This review highlights the role of TRP channels in cardiac fibroblasts and the possible underlying signaling mechanisms. Changes in the expression or activity of TRPs such as TRPCs, TRPVs, TRPMs, and TRPA channels modulate cardiac fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, especially under pathological conditions. Such TRPs contribute to cardiac fibroblast proliferation and differentiation as well as to disease conditions such as cardiac fibrosis, atrial fibrillation, and fibroblast metal toxicity. Thus, TRP channels in fibroblasts represent potential drug targets in cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asfree Gwanyanya
- Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Asfree Gwanyanya,
| | - Kanigula Mubagwa
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, K U Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
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3
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Santos GL, DeGrave AN, Rehman A, Al Disi S, Xhaxho K, Schröder H, Bao G, Meyer T, Tiburcy M, Dworatzek E, Zimmermann WH, Lutz S. Using different geometries to modulate the cardiac fibroblast phenotype and the biomechanical properties of engineered connective tissues. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 139:213041. [PMID: 35909053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering with human cardiac fibroblasts (CF) allows identifying novel mechanisms and anti-fibrotic drugs in the context of cardiac fibrosis. However, substantial knowledge on the influences of the used materials and tissue geometries on tissue properties and cell phenotypes is necessary to be able to choose an appropriate model for a specific research question. As there is a clear lack of information on how CF react to the mold architecture in engineered connective tissues (ECT), we first compared the effect of two mold geometries and materials with different hardnesses on the biomechanical properties of ECT. We could show that ECT, which formed around two distant poles (non-uniform model) were less stiff and more strain-resistant than ECT, which formed around a central rod (uniform model), independent of the materials used for poles and rods. Next, we investigated the cell state and could demonstrate that in the uniform versus non-uniform model, the embedded cells have a higher cell cycle activity and display a more pronounced myofibroblast phenotype. Differential gene expression analysis revealed that uniform ECT displayed a fibrosis-associated gene signature similar to the diseased heart. Furthermore, we were able to identify important relationships between cell and tissue characteristics, as well as between biomechanical tissue parameters by implementing cells from normal heart and end-stage heart failure explants from patients with ischemic or dilated cardiomyopathy. Finally, we show that the application of pro- and anti-fibrotic factors in the non-uniform and uniform model, respectively, is not sufficient to mimic the effect of the other geometry. Taken together, we demonstrate that modifying the mold geometry in tissue engineering with CF offers the possibility to compare different cellular phenotypes and biomechanical tissue properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela L Santos
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Alisa N DeGrave
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sara Al Disi
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany
| | - Kristin Xhaxho
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany
| | - Helen Schröder
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany
| | - Guobin Bao
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Tim Meyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Malte Tiburcy
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Elke Dworatzek
- Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, and Berliner Institute of Health, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfram-Hubertus Zimmermann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site, Goettingen, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Goettingen, Germany; Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Germany
| | - Susanne Lutz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site, Goettingen, Germany.
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4
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Kittana N, Assali M, Zimmermann WH, Liaw N, Santos GL, Rehman A, Lutz S. Modulating the Biomechanical Properties of Engineered Connective Tissues by Chitosan-Coated Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:989-1000. [PMID: 33633447 PMCID: PMC7901244 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s289107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Under certain conditions, the physiological repair of connective tissues might fail to restore the original structure and function. Optimized engineered connective tissues (ECTs) with biophysical properties adapted to the target tissue could be used as a substitution therapy. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ECT enforcement by a complex of multiwall carbon nanotubes with chitosan (C-MWCNT) to meet in vivo demands. Materials and Methods ECTs were constructed from human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF-1) in collagen type I and enriched with the three different percentages 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1% of C-MWCNT. Characterization of the physical properties was performed by biomechanical studies using unidirectional strain. Results Supplementation with 0.025% C-MWCNT moderately increased the tissue stiffness, reflected by Young’s modulus, compared to tissues without C-MWCNT. Supplementation of ECTs with 0.1% C-MWCNT reduced tissue contraction and increased the elasticity and the extensibility, reflected by the yield point and ultimate strain, respectively. Consequently, the ECTs with 0.1% C-MWCNT showed a higher resilience and toughness as control tissues. Fluorescence tissue imaging demonstrated the longitudinal alignment of all cells independent of the condition. Conclusion Supplementation with C-MWCNT can enhance the biophysical properties of ECTs, which could be advantageous for applications in connective tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naim Kittana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mohyeddin Assali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Wolfram-Hubertus Zimmermann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Norman Liaw
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Leao Santos
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Lutz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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5
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Bracco Gartner TCL, Stein JM, Muylaert DEP, Bouten CVC, Doevendans PA, Khademhosseini A, Suyker WJL, Sluijter JPG, Hjortnaes J. Advanced In Vitro Modeling to Study the Paradox of Mechanically Induced Cardiac Fibrosis. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:100-114. [PMID: 33407000 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2020.0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In heart failure, cardiac fibrosis is the result of an adverse remodeling process. Collagen is continuously synthesized in the myocardium in an ongoing attempt of the heart to repair itself. The resulting collagen depositions act counterproductively, causing diastolic dysfunction and disturbing electrical conduction. Efforts to treat cardiac fibrosis specifically have not been successful and the molecular etiology is only partially understood. The differentiation of quiescent cardiac fibroblasts to extracellular matrix-depositing myofibroblasts is a hallmark of cardiac fibrosis and a key aspect of the adverse remodeling process. This conversion is induced by a complex interplay of biochemical signals and mechanical stimuli. Tissue-engineered 3D models to study cardiac fibroblast behavior in vitro indicate that cyclic strain can activate a myofibroblast phenotype. This raises the question how fibroblast quiescence is maintained in the healthy myocardium, despite continuous stimulation of ultimately profibrotic mechanotransductive pathways. In this review, we will discuss the convergence of biochemical and mechanical differentiation signals of myofibroblasts, and hypothesize how these affect this paradoxical quiescence. Impact statement Mechanotransduction pathways of cardiac fibroblasts seem to ultimately be profibrotic in nature, but in healthy human myocardium, cardiac fibroblasts remain quiescent, despite continuous mechanical stimulation. We propose three hypotheses that could explain this paradoxical state of affairs. Furthermore, we provide suggestions for future research, which should lead to a better understanding of fibroblast quiescence and activation, and ultimately to new strategies for the prevention and treatment of cardiac fibrosis and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C L Bracco Gartner
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen M Stein
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Dimitri E P Muylaert
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Division of Soft Tissue Engineering and Mechanobiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter A Doevendans
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Central Military Hospital, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of Bioengineering, Radiology, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Willem J L Suyker
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jesper Hjortnaes
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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6
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Jenik K, Alkie TN, Moore E, Dejong JD, Lee LEJ, DeWitte-Orr SJ. Characterization of a bovine intestinal myofibroblast cell line and stimulation using phytoglycogen-based nanoparticles bound to inosine monophosphate. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2021; 57:86-94. [PMID: 33474688 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to characterize a novel bovine intestinal myofibroblast (BT-IMF) cell line isolated from a fetal bovine intestine. This cell type is of importance as intestinal myofibroblasts play a key role in controlling intestinal epithelial cell proliferation, intestinal regulation, wound healing, epithelial cell turnover, and structural support. The present work demonstrates that BT-IMF cells could be successfully cryopreserved and thawed and cultured past 25 passages. Immunocytochemical staining of the BT-IMF cell line was positive for vimentin and smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and negative for pancytokeratin, suggesting that the cells are myofibroblastic in type. Growth kinetic experiments demonstrate that hydrocortisone negatively impacts BT-IMF growth and non-essential amino acids enhance its proliferation. Inosine monophosphate (IMP) is a dietary nucleotide and is essential for supporting animal health. Stimulation with IMP bound to a novel phytoglycogen-based nanocarrier (IMP-NP) showed enhanced cell proliferation. BT-IMF provides a new tool for studying bovine cells in vitro and may be of particular interest for cultured meat manufacturing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jenik
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - T N Alkie
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - E Moore
- Glysantis Inc, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - J D Dejong
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,Glysantis Inc, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - L E J Lee
- Faculty of Science, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC, Canada
| | - S J DeWitte-Orr
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada. .,Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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7
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Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Modulates RhoA/ROCK Signaling of Rat Mandibular Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Rescue Their Damaged Cytoskeletal Organization and Cell Biological Function Induced by Radiation. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8863577. [PMID: 32952571 PMCID: PMC7482001 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8863577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) is an infrequent yet potentially devastating complication of head and neck radiation therapy. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been widely accepted as a promising method for the successful management of ORNJ, but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the effects of LIPUS on cytoskeletal reorganization, cell viability, and osteogenic differentiation capacity of rat mandible-derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (M-BMMSCs) induced by radiation were determined by immunofluorescence staining, CCK-8 cell proliferation assay, quantification of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red staining, and real-time RT-PCR, respectively. Moreover, the involvement of the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway underlying this process was investigated via western blot analysis. We found that radiation induced significant damage to the cytoskeleton, cell viability, and osteogenic differentiation capacity of M-BMMSCs and downregulated their expression of RhoA, ROCK, and vinculin while increasing FAK expression. LIPUS treatment effectively rescued the disordered cytoskeleton and redistributed vinculin. Furthermore, the cell viability and osteogenic differentiation capacity were also significantly recovered. More importantly, it could reverse the aberrant expression of the key molecules induced by radiation. Inhibition of RhoA/ROCK signaling remarkably aggravated the inhibitory effect of radiation and attenuated the therapeutic effect of LIPUS. In the light of these findings, the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway might be a promising target for modifying the therapeutic effect of LIPUS on osteoradionecrosis.
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8
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Saoud R, Jaffa MA, Habib A, Zhao J, Al Hariri M, Zhu R, Hasan A, Ziyadeh FN, Kobeissy F, Mechref Y, Jaffa AA. Modulation of proteomic and inflammatory signals by Bradykinin in podocytes. J Adv Res 2020; 24:409-422. [PMID: 32518694 PMCID: PMC7270529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocyte damage is one of the hallmarks of diabetic nephropathy leading to proteinuria and kidney damage. The underlying mechanisms of podocyte injury are not well defined. Bradykinin (BK) was shown to contribute to diabetic kidney disease. Here, we evaluated the temporal changes in proteome profile and inflammatory signals of podocytes in response to BK (10−7M). Protein profile was evaluated by liquid chromatography mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Proteome profile analysis of podocytes treated with BK (10−7M) for 3 and 6 h, revealed 61 proteins that were differentially altered compared to unstimulated control podocytes. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested inhibition of cell death pathways, engagement of cytoskeletal elements and activation of inflammatory pathways. One of the inflammatory proteins that was identified to be induced by BK treatment is Prostaglandin (PG) H Synthase-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2). In addition, BK significantly induced the production and release of PGE2 and this effect was inhibited by both COX-2 and MEK Kinase inhibitors, demonstrating that the production of PGE2 by BK is mediated via COX-2 and MAPK-dependent mechanisms. These findings provide a global understanding of the effector modulated proteome in response to BK and also reveal BK as an important modulator of inflammation and a potential player in podocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Saoud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Miran A Jaffa
- Epidemiology and Population Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Aida Habib
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.,INSERM-U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université de Paris, France
| | - Jingfu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States
| | - Moustafa Al Hariri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Qatar
| | - Fuad N Ziyadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States
| | - Ayad A Jaffa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
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9
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Midgley AC, Woods EL, Jenkins RH, Brown C, Khalid U, Chavez R, Hascall V, Steadman R, Phillips AO, Meran S. Hyaluronidase-2 Regulates RhoA Signaling, Myofibroblast Contractility, and Other Key Profibrotic Myofibroblast Functions. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:1236-1255. [PMID: 32201263 PMCID: PMC7254050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronidase (HYAL)-2 is a weak, acid-active, hyaluronan-degrading enzyme broadly expressed in somatic tissues. Aberrant HYAL2 expression is implicated in diverse pathology. However, a significant proportion of HYAL2 is enzymatically inactive; thus the mechanisms through which HYAL2 dysregulation influences pathobiology are unclear. Recently, nonenzymatic HYAL2 functions have been described, and nuclear HYAL2 has been shown to influence mRNA splicing to prevent myofibroblast differentiation. Myofibroblasts drive fibrosis, thereby promoting progressive tissue damage and leading to multimorbidity. This study identifies a novel HYAL2 cytoplasmic function in myofibroblasts that is unrelated to its enzymatic activity. In fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, HYAL2 interacts with the GTPase-signaling small molecule ras homolog family member A (RhoA). Transforming growth factor beta 1–driven fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation promotes HYAL2 cytoplasmic relocalization to bind to the actin cytoskeleton. Cytoskeletal-bound HYAL2 functions as a key regulator of downstream RhoA signaling and influences profibrotic myofibroblast functions, including myosin light-chain kinase–mediated myofibroblast contractility, myofibroblast migration, myofibroblast collagen/fibronectin deposition, as well as connective tissue growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression. These data demonstrate that, in certain biological contexts, the nonenzymatic effects of HYAL2 are crucial in orchestrating RhoA signaling and downstream pathways that are important for full profibrotic myofibroblast functionality. In conjunction with previous data demonstrating the influence of HYAL2 on RNA splicing, these findings begin to explain the broad biological effects of HYAL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Midgley
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Systems Immunity URI, Division of Infection and Immunity, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Emma L Woods
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Systems Immunity URI, Division of Infection and Immunity, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Robert H Jenkins
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Systems Immunity URI, Division of Infection and Immunity, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Brown
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Systems Immunity URI, Division of Infection and Immunity, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Usman Khalid
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Systems Immunity URI, Division of Infection and Immunity, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Rafael Chavez
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Systems Immunity URI, Division of Infection and Immunity, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent Hascall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Robert Steadman
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Systems Immunity URI, Division of Infection and Immunity, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Aled O Phillips
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Systems Immunity URI, Division of Infection and Immunity, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Soma Meran
- Wales Kidney Research Unit, Systems Immunity URI, Division of Infection and Immunity, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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Santos GL, Hartmann S, Zimmermann WH, Ridley A, Lutz S. Inhibition of Rho-associated kinases suppresses cardiac myofibroblast function in engineered connective and heart muscle tissues. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 134:13-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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11
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Dutzmann J, Koch A, Weisheit S, Sonnenschein K, Korte L, Haertlé M, Thum T, Bauersachs J, Sedding DG, Daniel JM. Sonic hedgehog-dependent activation of adventitial fibroblasts promotes neointima formation. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:1653-1663. [PMID: 29088375 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Adventitial cells have been suggested to contribute to neointima formation, but the functional relevance and the responsible signalling pathways are largely unknown. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a regulator of vasculogenesis and promotes angiogenesis in the adult. Methods and results Here we show that proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) after wire-induced injury in C57BL/6 mice is preceded by proliferation of adventitial fibroblasts. Simultaneously, the expression of Shh and its downstream signalling protein smoothened (SMO) were robustly increased within injured arteries. In vitro, combined stimulation with Shh and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB strongly induced proliferation and migration of human adventitial fibroblasts. The supernatant of these activated fibroblasts contained high levels of interleukin-6 and -8 and strongly induced proliferation and migration of SMC. Inhibition of SMO selectively prevented fibroblast proliferation, cytokine release, and paracrine SMC activation. Mechanistically, we found that PDGF-BB activates protein kinase A in fibroblasts and thereby induces trafficking of SMO to the plasma membrane, where it can be activated by Shh. In vivo, SMO-inhibition significantly prevented the proliferation of adventitial fibroblasts and neointima formation following wire-induced injury. Conclusions The initial activation of adventitial fibroblasts is essential for the subsequent proliferation of SMC and neointima formation. We identified SMO-dependent Shh signalling as a specific process for the activation of adventitial fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Dutzmann
- Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration Group, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Koch
- Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration Group, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Simona Weisheit
- Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration Group, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kristina Sonnenschein
- Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration Group, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.,Institute for Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Laura Korte
- Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration Group, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marco Haertlé
- Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration Group, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, Sydney St, Chelsea, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration Group, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniel G Sedding
- Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration Group, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan-Marcus Daniel
- Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration Group, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
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12
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Wottawa M, Naas S, Böttger J, van Belle GJ, Möbius W, Revelo NH, Heidenreich D, von Ahlen M, Zieseniss A, Kröhnert K, Lutz S, Lenz C, Urlaub H, Rizzoli SO, Katschinski DM. Hypoxia-stimulated membrane trafficking requires T-plastin. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 221:59-73. [PMID: 28218996 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Traffic between the plasma membrane and the endomembrane compartments is an essential feature of eukaryotic cells. The secretory pathway sends cargoes from biosynthetic compartments to the plasma membrane. This is counterbalanced by a retrograde endocytic route and is essential for cell homoeostasis. Cells need to adapt rapidly to environmental challenges such as the reduction of pO2 which, however, has not been analysed in relation to membrane trafficking in detail. Therefore, we determined changes in the plasma membrane trafficking in normoxia, hypoxia, and after reoxygenation. METHODS Membrane trafficking was analysed by using the bulk membrane endocytosis marker FM 1-43, the newly developed membrane probe mCLING, wheat germ agglutinin as well as fluorescently labelled cholera toxin subunit B. Additionally, the uptake of specific membrane proteins was determined. In parallel, a non-biased SILAC screen was performed to analyse the abundance of membrane proteins in normoxia and hypoxia. RESULTS Membrane trafficking was increased in hypoxia and quickly reversed upon reoxygenation. This effect was independent of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) system. Using SILAC technology, we identified that the actin-bundling protein T-plastin is recruited to the plasma membrane in hypoxia. By the use of T-plastin knockdown cells, we could show that T-plastin mediates the hypoxia-induced membrane trafficking, which was associated with an increased actin density in the cells as determined by electron microscopy. CONCLUSION Membrane trafficking is highly dynamic upon hypoxia. This phenotype is quickly reversible upon reoxygenation, which suggests that this mechanism participates in the cellular adaptation to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Wottawa
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology; University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG); Göttingen Germany
| | - S. Naas
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology; University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG); Göttingen Germany
| | - J. Böttger
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology; University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG); Göttingen Germany
| | - G. J. van Belle
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology; University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG); Göttingen Germany
| | - W. Möbius
- Department of Neurogenetics; Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine; Göttingen Germany
- Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB); Göttingen Germany
| | - N. H. Revelo
- Institute of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; UMG, CNMPB; Göttingen Germany
| | - D. Heidenreich
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology; University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG); Göttingen Germany
| | - M. von Ahlen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology; University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG); Göttingen Germany
| | - A. Zieseniss
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology; University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG); Göttingen Germany
| | - K. Kröhnert
- Institute of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; UMG, CNMPB; Göttingen Germany
| | - S. Lutz
- Institute of Pharmacology; UMG; Göttingen Germany
| | - C. Lenz
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry; Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry; Göttingen Germany
- Bioanalytics Research Group; Institute of Clinical Chemistry; UMG; Göttingen Germany
| | - H. Urlaub
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry; Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry; Göttingen Germany
- Bioanalytics Research Group; Institute of Clinical Chemistry; UMG; Göttingen Germany
| | - S. O. Rizzoli
- Institute of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; UMG, CNMPB; Göttingen Germany
| | - D. M. Katschinski
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology; University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG); Göttingen Germany
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13
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Rahman MA, Kim H, Lee KH, Yun HM, Hong JH, Kim Y, Choo H, Park M, Rhim H. 5-Hydroxytryptamine 6 Receptor (5-HT 6R)-Mediated Morphological Changes via RhoA-Dependent Pathways. Mol Cells 2017; 40:495-502. [PMID: 28681593 PMCID: PMC5547219 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The 5-HT6R has been considered as an attractive therapeutic target in the brain due to its exclusive expression in the brain. However, the mechanistic linkage between 5-HT6Rs and brain functions remains poorly understood. Here, we examined the effects of 5-HT6R-mediated cell morphological changes using immunocytochemistry, Western blot, and live-cell imaging assays. Our results showed that the activation of 5-HT6Rs caused morphological changes and increased cell surface area in HEK293 cells expressing 5-HT6Rs. Treatment with 5-HT specifically increased RhoA-GTP activity without affecting other Rho family proteins, such as Rac1 and Cdc42. Furthermore, live-cell imaging in hippocampal neurons revealed that activation of 5-HT6Rs using a selective agonist, ST1936, increased the density and size of dendritic protrusions along with the activation of RhoA-GTP activity and that both effects were blocked by pretreatment with a selective 5-HT6R antagonist, SB258585. Taken together, our results show that 5-HT6R plays an important role in the regulation of cell morphology via a RhoA-dependent pathway in mammalian cell lines and primary neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ataur Rahman
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792,
Korea
| | - Hanna Kim
- Center for Functional Connectomics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792,
Korea
| | - Kang Ho Lee
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113,
Korea
| | - Hyung-Mun Yun
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792,
Korea
| | - Jung-Hwa Hong
- Center for Functional Connectomics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841,
Korea
| | - Youngjae Kim
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722,
Korea
| | - Hyunah Choo
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113,
Korea
| | - Mikyoung Park
- Center for Functional Connectomics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113,
Korea
| | - Hyewhon Rhim
- Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113,
Korea
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RhoA knockout fibroblasts lose tumor-inhibitory capacity in vitro and promote tumor growth in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E1413-E1421. [PMID: 28174275 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1621161114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are a main player in the tumor-inhibitory microenvironment. Upon tumor initiation and progression, fibroblasts can lose their tumor-inhibitory capacity and promote tumor growth. The molecular mechanisms that underlie this switch have not been defined completely. Previously, we identified four proteins overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts and linked to Rho GTPase signaling. Here, we show that knocking out the Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) gene in normal fibroblasts decreased their tumor-inhibitory capacity, as judged by neighbor suppression in vitro and accompanied by promotion of tumor growth in vivo. This also induced PC3 cancer cell motility and increased colony size in 2D cultures. RhoA knockout in fibroblasts induced vimentin intermediate filament reorganization, accompanied by reduced contractile force and increased stiffness of cells. There was also loss of wide F-actin stress fibers and large focal adhesions. In addition, we observed a significant loss of α-smooth muscle actin, which indicates a difference between RhoA knockout fibroblasts and classic cancer-associated fibroblasts. In 3D collagen matrix, RhoA knockout reduced fibroblast branching and meshwork formation and resulted in more compactly clustered tumor-cell colonies in coculture with PC3 cells, which might boost tumor stem-like properties. Coculturing RhoA knockout fibroblasts and PC3 cells induced expression of proinflammatory genes in both. Inflammatory mediators may induce tumor cell stemness. Network enrichment analysis of transcriptomic changes, however, revealed that the Rho signaling pathway per se was significantly triggered only after coculturing with tumor cells. Taken together, our findings in vivo and in vitro indicate that Rho signaling governs the inhibitory effects by fibroblasts on tumor-cell growth.
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15
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Gan DK, Zhu X. Role of RhoA in occurrence and development of liver fibrosis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:1682-1687. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i11.1682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a pathophysiologic process resulting from a variety of chronic liver injuries, characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix or the formation of scar. The transdifferentiation from quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) or portal fibroblasts (PFs) to activated myofibroblasts (MFBs) is a key step of producing extracellular matrix. RhoA can regulate the cell cytoskeleton and is involved in activating HSCs/PFs, thus having a significant fibrogenic effect. In this paper, we review the recent advances in understanding the role of RhoA in the occurrence and development of liver fibrosis.
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