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Mizoguchi E. Brown-Kurume Exchange Programs Have Developed Through Many Unexpected Encounters and Relationships. Kurume Med J 2024; 69:119-126. [PMID: 38233182 DOI: 10.2739/kurumemedj.ms6934007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
In July 1992, my 24 years of studying abroad in the US as a researcher at Harvard Medical School started. During this period, I met many outstanding scholars who conducted some of the world's leading research projects. In particular, the opportunity to collaborate with Dr. Jack A. Elias, Professor and Dean Emeritus of the Faculty of Medicine at Brown University, on a project focusing on a molecule called Chitinase 3-like 1 was very helpful to my career, and eventually led to my current position as Professor in charge of international medical exchange at Kurume University School of Medicine. By strengthening the foundation of our exchange programs and actively promoting international joint research projects, I would like to raise the global name recognition of Kurume University.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Mizoguchi
- Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University Alpert Medical School
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A Review of Selected IBD Biomarkers: From Animal Models to Bedside. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020207. [PMID: 33573291 PMCID: PMC7911946 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a dysregulated inflammatory condition induced by multiple factors. The etiology of IBD is largely unknown, and the disease progression and prognosis are variable and unpredictable with uncontrolled disease behavior. Monitoring the status of chronic colitis closely is challenging for physicians, because the assessment of disease activity and severity require invasive methods. Using laboratory biomarkers may provide a useful alternative to invasive methods in the diagnosis and management of IBD. Furthermore, patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease are also at risk of developing cancer. Annual colonoscopies can help lower the risk for developing colorectal cancer. However, laboratory biomarkers may also be helpful as non-invasive indicators in predicting treatment responses, improving prognosis, and predicting possible tumors. This review addresses selected laboratory biomarkers (including ANCA, chitinase 3-like 1, S100A12/RAGE, calprotectin, and TNF/TNFR2), which are identified by utilizing two well-accepted animal models of colitis, dextran sodium sulfate-induced and T cell receptor alpha knockout colitis models. In addition to being useful for monitoring disease severity, these biomarkers are associated with therapeutic strategies. The factors may regulate the initiation and perpetuation of inflammatory factors in the gut.
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The expression levels of CHI3L1 and IL15Rα correlate with TGM2 in duodenum biopsies of patients with celiac disease. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:925-935. [PMID: 32500186 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01371-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Celiac disease (CD) is an intestinal inflammatory disorder of the small intestine. Gliadins are a component of gluten and there are three main types (α, γ, and ω). Recent studies indicate that gliadin peptides are able to activate an innate immune response. IL15 is a major mediator of the innate immune response and is involved in the early alteration of CD mucosa. The chitinase molecules are highly expressed by the innate immune cells during the inflammatory processes. MATERIAL OR SUBJECTS We analyzed several microarray datasets of PBMCs and duodenum biopsies of CD patients and healthy control subjects (HCs). We verified the modulation CHI3L1 in CD patients and correlated the expression levels to the IL15, IL15Rα, TGM2, IFNγ, and IFNGR1/2. Duodenal biopsy samples belonged to nine active and nine treated children patients (long-term effects of gliadin), and 17 adult CD patients and 10 adults HCs. We also selected 169 samples of PBMCs from 127 CD patients on adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) for at least 2 years and 44 HCs. RESULTS Our analysis showed that CHI3L1 and IL15Rα were significantly upregulated in adult and children's celiac duodenum biopsies. In addition, the two genes were correlated significantly both in children than in adults CD duodenum biopsies. No significant modulation was observed in PBMCs of adult CD patients compared to the HCs. The correlation analysis of the expression levels of CHI3L1 and IL15Rα compared to TGM showed significant values both in adults and in children duodenal biopsies. Furthermore, the IFNγ expression levels were positively correlated with CHI3L1 and IL15Rα. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis confirmed the diagnostic ability of CHI3L1 and IL15Rα to discriminate CD from HCs. CONCLUSION Our data suggest a role for CHI3L1 underlying the pathophysiology of CD and represent a starting point aiming to inspire new investigation that proves the possible use of CHI3L1 as a diagnostic factor and therapeutic target.
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Hübner K, Karwelat D, Pietsch E, Beinborn I, Winterberg S, Bedenbender K, Benedikter BJ, Schmeck B, Vollmeister E. NF-κB-mediated inhibition of microRNA-149-5p regulates Chitinase-3-like 1 expression in human airway epithelial cells. Cell Signal 2019; 67:109498. [PMID: 31837465 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lower respiratory tract infections are among the most common causes of death worldwide. Main pathogens leading to these severe infections are viruses and gram-positive bacteria that activate toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated immune responses via pathogen-associated molecular patterns. One protective factor induced during infection is Chitinase-3-like 1 (CHI3L1), which exerts various functions, e.g. in host cell proliferation and bacterial counteraction, and has been proposed as a biomarker in several acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. MicroRNAs (miR) have become important regulators of inflammation and infection and are considered therapeutic targets in recent years. However, it is not known whether microRNAs play a role in the regulation of CHI3L1 expression in TLR-mediated respiratory epithelial cell inflammation. In this study, we analysed the pre- and post-transcriptional regulation of CHI3L1 by TLRs in bronchial epithelial cells. Therefore, we stimulated BEAS-2B cells with the bacterial TLR2-ligand lipoteichoic acid or the viral dsRNA analogue poly(I:C). We observed an increase in the expression of CHI3L1, which was dependent on TNF-α-mediated NF-κB activation in TLR2- and TLR3-activated cells. Moreover, TLR2 and - 3 stimulation caused downregulation of the microRNA miR-149-5p, an effect that could be suppressed by inhibiting NF-κB translocation into the nucleus. Luciferase reporter assays identified a direct interaction of miR-149-5p with the CHI3L1 3´untranslated region. This interaction was confirmed by inhibition and overexpression of miR-149-5p in BEAS-2B cells, which altered the expression levels of CHI3L1 mRNA. In summary, miR-149-5p directly regulates CHI3L1 in context of TLR-mediated airway epithelial cell inflammation and may be a potential therapeutic target in inflammation and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Hübner
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany
| | - Diana Karwelat
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany
| | - Emma Pietsch
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany
| | - Isabell Beinborn
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany
| | - Sarah Winterberg
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany
| | - Katrin Bedenbender
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany
| | - Birke J Benedikter
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany; Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, PO box 5800, 6202AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bernd Schmeck
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University Medical Center Marburg, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Philipps-University Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany.
| | - Evelyn Vollmeister
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Hans-Meerwein Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Hesse, Germany.
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Poltorak A, Kurmyshkina O, Volkova T. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING): A “new chapter” in virus-associated cancer research. Lessons from wild-derived mouse models of innate immunity. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2016; 29:83-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Subramaniam R, Mizoguchi A, Mizoguchi E. Mechanistic roles of epithelial and immune cell signaling during the development of colitis-associated cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2:1-21. [PMID: 27110580 DOI: 10.17980/2016.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To date, substantial evidence has shown a significant association between inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and development of colitis-associated cancer (CAC). The incidence/prevalence of IBD is higher in western countries including the US, Australia, and the UK. Although CAC development is generally characterized by stepwise accumulation of genetic as well as epigenetic changes, precise mechanisms of how chronic inflammation leads to the development of CAC are largely unknown. Preceding intestinal inflammation is one of the major influential factors for CAC tumorigenesis. Mucosal immune responses including activation of aberrant signaling pathways both in innate and adaptive immune cells play a pivotal role in CAC. Tumor progression and metastasis are shaped by a tightly controlled tumor microenvironment which is orchestrated by several immune cells and stromal cells including macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, myeloid derived suppressor cells, T cells, and myofibroblasts. In this article, we will discuss the contributing factors of epithelial as well as immune cell signaling in initiation of CAC tumorigenesis and mucosal immune regulatory factors in the colonic tumor microenvironment. In depth understanding of these factors is necessary to develop novel anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer therapies for CAC in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Subramaniam
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Atsushi Mizoguchi
- Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Emiko Mizoguchi
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan; Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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