1
|
Zhang D, Qiu J, Niu QT, Liu T, Gu R, Zhang X, Luo S. Effects of various pine needle extracts on Chinese hamster ovary cell growth and monoclonal antibody quality. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 53:1081-1091. [PMID: 36756987 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2166959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are commonly used as "bio-machines" to pro-duce monoclonal antibodies (mAb) because of their ability to produce very complex proteins. In this study, we evaluated the effects of pine needle water extract (PNWE), pine needle ethanol extract (PNEE), and pine needle polysaccharide extract (PNPE) on the CHO cell growth, mAb production and quality using a Fed-batch culture process. PNPE maintained high VCD and viability, and the titer increase was correlated with its concentration. Three extracts effectively reduced the acidic charge variant and modulated mAb glycosylation. PNPE had the most profound effect, with G0F decreasing by 8.7% and G1Fa increasing by 6.7%. The change in the glycoform was also closely related to the PNPE concentration. This study demonstrated that PNPE could facilitate CHO cell growth, increase the mAb production, decrease acidic charge variants, and regulate mAb glycoforms. To identify the components responsible for the above changes, the sugar and flavonoid contents in the extracts were determined, and the chemical compounds were identified by LC-MS, resulting in 38 compounds identified from PNPE. Rich in sugars and flavonoids in these three extracts may be related to increased CHO cell growth and productivity, and changes in glycoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dingyue Zhang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research Institute, Nantong, China
| | - Jinshu Qiu
- Thousand Oaks Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Nantong, China
| | - Qing-Tian Niu
- Thousand Oaks Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Nantong, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Thousand Oaks Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Nantong, China
| | - Rulin Gu
- Thousand Oaks Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Thousand Oaks Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Nantong, China
| | - Shun Luo
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Thousand Oaks Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ladiwala P, Dhara VG, Jenkins J, Kuang B, Hoang D, Yoon S, Betenbaugh MJ. Addressing amino acid-derived inhibitory metabolites and enhancing CHO cell culture performance through DOE-guided media modifications. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:2542-2558. [PMID: 37096798 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we identified six inhibitory metabolites (IMs) accumulating in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cultures using AMBIC 1.0 community reference medium that negatively impacted culture performance. The goal of the current study was to modify the medium to control IM accumulation through design of experiments (DOE). Initial over-supplementation of precursor amino acids (AAs) by 100% to 200% in the culture medium revealed positive correlations between initial AA concentrations and IM levels. A screening design identified 5 AA targets, Lys, Ile, Trp, Leu, Arg, as key contributors to IMs. Response surface design analysis was used to reduce initial AA levels between 13% and 33%, and these were then evaluated in batch and fed-batch cultures. Lowering AAs in basal and feed medium and reducing feed rate from 10% to 5% reduced inhibitory metabolites HICA and NAP by up to 50%, MSA by 30%, and CMP by 15%. These reductions were accompanied by a 13% to 40% improvement in peak viable cell densities and 7% to 50% enhancement in IgG production in batch and fed-batch processes, respectively. This study demonstrates the value of tuning specific AA levels in reference basal and feed media using statistical design methodologies to lower problematic IMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Ladiwala
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Venkata Gayatri Dhara
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jackson Jenkins
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bingyu Kuang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Duc Hoang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Seongkyu Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael J Betenbaugh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schwarz H, Lee K, Castan A, Chotteau V. Optimization of medium with perfusion microbioreactors for high density CHO cell cultures at very low renewal rate aided by design of experiments. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:2523-2541. [PMID: 37079436 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach of design of experiment (DoE) is developed for the optimization of key substrates of the culture medium, amino acids, and sugars, by utilizing perfusion microbioreactors with 2 mL working volume, operated in high cell density continuous mode, to explore the design space. A mixture DoE based on a simplex-centroid is proposed to test multiple medium blends in parallel perfusion runs, where the amino acids concentrations are selected based on the culture behavior in presence of different amino acid mixtures, and using targeted specific consumption rates. An optimized medium is identified with models predicting the culture parameters and product quality attributes (G0 and G1 level N-glycans) as a function of the medium composition. It is then validated in runs performed in perfusion microbioreactor in comparison with stirred-tank bioreactors equipped with alternating tangential flow filtration (ATF) or with tangential flow filtration (TFF) for cell separation, showing overall a similar process performance and N-glycosylation profile of the produced antibody. These results demonstrate that the present development strategy generates a perfusion medium with optimized performance for stable Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell cultures operated with very high cell densities of 60 × 106 and 120 × 106 cells/mL and a low cell-specific perfusion rate of 17 pL/cell/day, which is among the lowest reported and is in line with the framework recently published by the industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Schwarz
- Cell Technology Group, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- AdBIOPRO, Competence Centre for Advanced BioProduction by Continuous Processing, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Veronique Chotteau
- Cell Technology Group, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- AdBIOPRO, Competence Centre for Advanced BioProduction by Continuous Processing, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Azer N, Trunfio N, Fratz-Berilla EJ, Hong JS, Cullinan J, Faison T, Agarabi CD, Powers DN. Real time on-line amino acid analysis to explore amino acid trends and link to glycosylation outcomes of a model monoclonal antibody. Biotechnol Prog 2023; 39:e3347. [PMID: 37102501 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Bioreactor parameters can have significant effects on the quantity and quality of biotherapeutics. Monoclonal antibody products have one particularly important critical quality attribute being the distribution of product glycoforms. N-linked glycosylation affects the therapeutic properties of the antibody including effector function, immunogenicity, stability, and clearance rate. Our past work revealed that feeding different amino acids to bioreactors altered the productivity and glycan profiles. To facilitate real-time analysis of bioreactor parameters and the glycosylation of antibody products, we developed an on-line system to pull cell-free samples directly from the bioreactors, chemically process them, and deliver them to a chromatography-mass spectroscopy system for rapid identification and quantification. We were able to successfully monitor amino acid concentration on-line within multiple reactors, evaluate glycans off-line, and extract four principal components to assess the amino acid concentration and glycosylation profile relationship. We found that about a third of the variability in the glycosylation data can be predicted from the amino acid concentration. Additionally, we determined that the third and fourth principal component accounts for 72% of our model's predictive power, with the third component indicated to be positively correlated with latent metabolic processes related to galactosylation. Here we present our work on rapid online spent media amino acid analysis and use the determined trends to collate with glycan time progression, further elucidating the correlation between bioreactor parameters such as amino acid nutrient profiles, and product quality. We believe such approaches may be useful for maximizing efficiency and reducing production costs for biotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Azer
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicholas Trunfio
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Erica J Fratz-Berilla
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Jin Sung Hong
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies (OTAT), Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies (DCGT), Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Jackie Cullinan
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Talia Faison
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Cyrus D Agarabi
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - David N Powers
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hashizume T, Ozawa Y, Ying BW. Employing active learning in the optimization of culture medium for mammalian cells. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2023; 9:20. [PMID: 37253825 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-023-00284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Medium optimization is a crucial step during cell culture for biopharmaceutics and regenerative medicine; however, this step remains challenging, as both media and cells are highly complex systems. Here, we addressed this issue by employing active learning. Specifically, we introduced machine learning to cell culture experiments to optimize culture medium. The cell line HeLa-S3 and the gradient-boosting decision tree algorithm were used to find optimized media as pilot studies. To acquire the training data, cell culture was performed in a large variety of medium combinations. The cellular NAD(P)H abundance, represented as A450, was used to indicate the goodness of culture media. In active learning, regular and time-saving modes were developed using culture data at 168 h and 96 h, respectively. Both modes successfully fine-tuned 29 components to generate a medium for improved cell culture. Intriguingly, the two modes provided different predictions for the concentrations of vitamins and amino acids, and a significant decrease was commonly predicted for fetal bovine serum (FBS) compared to the commercial medium. In addition, active learning-assisted medium optimization significantly increased the cellular concentration of NAD(P)H, an active chemical with a constant abundance in living cells. Our study demonstrated the efficiency and practicality of active learning for medium optimization and provided valuable information for employing machine learning technology in cell biology experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takamasa Hashizume
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuki Ozawa
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Bei-Wen Ying
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lee JH, Kang HI, Kim S, Ahn YB, Kim H, Hong JK, Baik JY. NAD + supplementation improves mAb productivity in CHO cells via a glucose metabolic shift. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2200570. [PMID: 36717516 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202200570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis and its by-product lactate accumulation are usually associated with adverse culture phenotypes such as poor cell viability and productivity. Due to the lack of knowledge on underlying mechanisms and accompanying biological processes, the regulation of aerobic glycolysis has been an ongoing challenge in culture process development for therapeutic protein productivity. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ), a coenzyme and co-substrate in energy metabolism, promotes the conversion of inefficient glycolysis into an efficient oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway. However, the effect of NAD+ on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells for biopharmaceutical production has not been reported yet. In this work, we aimed to elucidate the influence of NAD+ on cell culture performance by examining metabolic shifts and mAb productivity. The supplementation of NAD+ increased the intracellular concentration of NAD+ and promoted SIRT3 expression. Antibody titer and the specific productivity in the growth phase were improved by up to 1.82- and 1.88-fold, respectively, with marginal restrictions on cell growth. NAD+ significantly reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the lactate yield from glucose, determined by lactate accumulation versus glucose consumption (YLAC/GLC ). In contrast, OXPHOS capacity and amino acid consumption rate increased substantially. Collectively, these results suggest that NAD+ contributes to improving therapeutic protein productivity in bioprocessing via inducing an energy metabolic shift.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hwan Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hye-Im Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Suheon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yeong Bin Ahn
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hagyeong Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jong Kwang Hong
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Youn Baik
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nold V, Junghans L, Bayer B, Bisgen L, Duerkop M, Drerup R, Presser B, Schwab T, Bluhmki E, Wieschalka S, Knapp B. Boost dynamic protocols for producing mammalian biopharmaceuticals with intensified DoE—a practical guide to analyses with OLS and hybrid modeling. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.1044245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: For the implementation of robust bioprocesses, understanding of temporal cell behavior with respect to relevant inputs is crucial. Intensified Design of Experiments (iDoE) is an efficient tool to assess the joint influence of input parameters by including intra-experimental changes.Methods: We applied iDoE to the production phase of a monoclonal antibody in a mammalian bioprocess. The multidimensional design space spanned by temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), timing of change, and growth category was investigated in 12 cultivations. We built ordinary least squares (OLS) and hybrid models (HM) on the iDoE-data, validated them with classical DoE (cDoE)-derived data, and used the models as in silico representation for process optimization.Results: If the complexity of interactions between changing setpoints of inputs is sufficiently captured during planning and modeling, iDoE proved to be valid for characterizing the mammalian biopharmaceutical production phase. For local behavior and flexible composition of optimization goals, OLS regressions can easily be implemented. To predict global and interconnected dynamics while incorporating mass balances, HM holds potential.Discussion: iDoE will boost protocols that optimize inputs for different bioprocess phases. The described key aspects of OLS- and HM-based analyses of iDoE-data shall guide future applications during manufacturing.
Collapse
|
8
|
Domján J, Pantea E, Gyürkés M, Madarász L, Kozák D, Farkas A, Horváth B, Benkő Z, Nagy ZK, Marosi G, Hirsch E. Real-time amino acid and glucose monitoring system for the automatic control of nutrient feeding in CHO cell culture using raman spectroscopy. Biotechnol J 2022; 17:e2100395. [PMID: 35084785 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An innovative, Raman spectroscopy-based monitoring and control system is introduced in this paper for designing dynamic feeding strategies that allow the maintenance of key cellular nutrients at an ideal level in Chinese hamster ovary cell culture. The Partial Least Squares calibration models built for glucose, lactate and 16 (out of 20) individual amino acids had very good predictive power with low root mean square errors values and high square correlation coefficients. The developed models used for real-time measurement of nutrient and by-product concentrations allowed us to gain better insight into the metabolic behavior and nutritional consumption of cells. To establish a more beneficial nutritional environment for the cells, two types of dynamic feeding strategies were used to control the delivery of two-part multi-component feed media according to the prediction of Raman models (glucose or arginine). As a result, instead of high fluctuations, the nutrients (glucose together with amino acids) were maintained at the desired level providing a more balanced environment for the cells. Moreover, the use of amino acid-based feeding control enabled to prevent the excessive nutrient replenishment and was economically beneficial by significantly reducing the amount of supplied feed medium compared to the glucose-based dynamic fed culture. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Domján
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Eszter Pantea
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Martin Gyürkés
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Lajos Madarász
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Dóra Kozák
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Attila Farkas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Balázs Horváth
- Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömröi út 19-21, Budapest, H-1103, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Benkő
- Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömröi út 19-21, Budapest, H-1103, Hungary
| | - Zsombor Kristóf Nagy
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - György Marosi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Edit Hirsch
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Clever Experimental Designs: Shortcuts for Better iPSC Differentiation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123540. [PMID: 34944048 PMCID: PMC8700474 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
For practical use of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) for disease modelling, drug screening, and regenerative medicine, the cell differentiation process needs to be properly refined to generate end products with consistent and high quality. To construct and optimize a robust cell-induction process, a myriad of cell culture conditions should be considered. In contrast to inefficient brute-force screening, statistical design of experiments (DOE) approaches, such as factorial design, orthogonal array design, response surface methodology (RSM), definitive screening design (DSD), and mixture design, enable efficient and strategic screening of conditions in smaller experimental runs through multifactorial screening and/or quantitative modeling. Although DOE has become routinely utilized in the bioengineering and pharmaceutical fields, the imminent need of more detailed cell-lineage specification, complex organoid construction, and a stable supply of qualified cell-derived material requires expedition of DOE utilization in stem cell bioprocessing. This review summarizes DOE-based cell culture optimizations of PSCs, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, which guide effective research and development of PSC-derived materials for academic and industrial applications.
Collapse
|
10
|
Nold V, Junghans L, Bisgen L, Drerup R, Presser B, Gorr I, Schwab T, Knapp B, Wieschalka S. Applying intensified design of experiments to mammalian cell culture processes. Eng Life Sci 2021; 22:784-795. [PMID: 36514527 PMCID: PMC9731596 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202100123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of data collected using design of experiments (DoE) is the current gold standard to determine the influence of input parameters and their interactions on process performance and product quality. In early development, knowledge on the bioprocess of a new product is limited. Many input parameters need to be investigated for a thorough investigation. For eukaryotic cell cultures, intensified DoE (iDoE) has been proposed as efficient tool, requiring fewer bioreactor runs by introducing setpoint changes during the bioprocess. We report the first successful application of iDoE to mammalian cell culture, performing sequential setpoint changes in the growth phase for the selected input parameters temperature and dissolved oxygen. The process performance data were analyzed using ordinary least squares regression. Our results indicate iDoE to be applicable to mammalian bioprocesses and to be a cost-efficient option to inform modeling early on during process development. Even though only half the number of bioreactor runs were used in comparison to a classical DoE approach, the resulting models revealed comparable input-output relations. Being able to examine several setpoint levels within one bioreactor run, we confirm iDoE to be a promising tool to speed up biopharmaceutical process development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Nold
- Development BiologicalsBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KGBiberach an der RißGermany
| | - Lisa Junghans
- Development BiologicalsBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KGBiberach an der RißGermany
| | | | - Raphael Drerup
- Development BiologicalsBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KGBiberach an der RißGermany
| | - Beate Presser
- Development BiologicalsBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KGBiberach an der RißGermany
| | - Ingo Gorr
- Development BiologicalsBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KGBiberach an der RißGermany
| | - Thomas Schwab
- Development BiologicalsBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KGBiberach an der RißGermany
| | - Bettina Knapp
- Development BiologicalsBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KGBiberach an der RißGermany
| | - Stefan Wieschalka
- Development BiologicalsBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KGBiberach an der RißGermany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Salim T, Chauhan G, Templeton N, Ling WLW. Using MVDA with stoichiometric balances to optimize amino acid concentrations in chemically defined CHO cell culture medium for improved culture performance. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 119:452-469. [PMID: 34811720 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Chemically defined (CD) media are routinely used in the production of biologics in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell culture and provide enhanced raw material control. Nutrient optimized CD media is an important path to increase cell growth and monoclonal antibody (mAb) productivity in recombinant CHO cell lines. However, nutrient optimization efforts for CD media typically rely on multifactorial and experimental design of experiment approaches or complex mathematical models of cellular metabolism or gene expression systems. Moreover, the majority of these efforts are aimed at amino acids since they constitute essential nutrients in CD media as they directly contribute to biomass and protein production. In this study, we demonstrate the utilization of multivariate data analytics (MVDA) coupled with amino acid stoichiometric balances (SBs) to increased cell growth and mAb productivity in efforts to support CD media development efforts. SBs measure the difference between theoretical demand of amino acids and the empirically measured fluxes to identify various catabolic or anabolic states of the cell. When coupled with MVDA, the statistical models were not only able to highlight key amino acids toward cell growth or productivity, but also provided direction on metabolic favorability of the amino acid. Experimental validation of our approach resulted in a 55% increase in total cell growth and about an 80% increase in total mAb productivity. Increased specific consumption of stoichiometrically balanced amino acids and decreased specific consumption of glucose was also observed in optimized CD media suggesting favorable consumption of desired nutrients and a potential for energy redistribution toward increased cellular growth and mAb productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taha Salim
- Merck & Co. Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA
- Taha Salim, Regeneron, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Wai Lam W Ling
- Merck & Co. Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA
- Wai L. W. Ling, Rocket Pharma, Cranbury, New Jersey, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Doan CC, Ho NQC, Nguyen TT, Nguyen TPT, Do DG, Hoang NS, Le TL. Enhancement of anti-TNFα monoclonal antibody production in CHO cells through the use of UCOE and DHFR elements in vector construction and the optimization of cell culture media. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:452-470. [PMID: 34427158 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.1963981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently, there has been a high demand for anti-tumor necrosis factor-α monoclonal antibodies (mAbTNFα) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases. Thus, efficient strategies and stable high-producing cell lines need to be established to increase antibody production. In this study, we describe an efficient approach to establish a mAbTNFα high-producing clone through the optimization of expression vectors and cell culture media. The ubiquitous chromatin opening element (UCOE) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)-based vectors encoding mAbTNFα were introduced into the CHO-DG44 cells using lipofection. Clones were obtained by selecting transfected cells with G418, amplifying them by treatment with methotrexate, and isolating them by limiting dilution. Different media formulated with commercial feeds and media were also screened to develop an improved medium. The antibody produced by the selected clone was purified, characterized, and compared to standard adalimumab. Using our established protocol, a cell clone obtained from stable mAbTNFα-expressing cell pools showed a 3.8-fold higher antibody titer compared to stable cell pools. Furthermore, the highest antibody yield of selected clones cultured in fed-batch mode using improved medium was 2450 ± 30 µg/mL, which was 13.2-fold higher than that of stable cell pool cultivated in batch mode using a basal medium. The purified antibody had primary chemical and biological characteristics similar to those of adalimumab. Therefore, the use of UCOE and DHFR vectors in combination with the optimization of cell culture media may help in establishing stable and high-producing CHO cell lines for therapeutic antibody production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chinh Chung Doan
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Biotechnology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Quynh Chi Ho
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Thuy Nguyen
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Phuong Thao Nguyen
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Biotechnology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi City, Vietnam
| | - Dang Giap Do
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nghia Son Hoang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Biotechnology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi City, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Long Le
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Biotechnology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi City, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pérez-Rodriguez S, Ramírez-Lira MDJ, Trujillo-Roldán MA, Valdez-Cruz NA. Nutrient supplementation strategy improves cell concentration and longevity, monoclonal antibody production and lactate metabolism of Chinese hamster ovary cells. Bioengineered 2021; 11:463-471. [PMID: 32223359 PMCID: PMC7161567 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1744266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A careful selection of culture mediums and feeds has become necessary to maximize yields of recombinant proteins during bioprocesses of mammalian cells. Supplements contain a variety of concentrate nutrients, and their beneficial effects vary according to recombinant cell lines. In this study, the effects of PowerFeed A on growth kinetics, productivity and cellular metabolism were evaluated for two Chinese hamster ovary cell lines producing a monoclonal antibody in a batch culture. Supplemented cultures increased integral viable cell density of CRL-12444 and CRL-12445 cells by 2.4 and 1.6 times through extension of culture time at which viability was above 90% in 72 and 36 h, respectively, and increment of maximal cell concentration in 3.25 × 106 cells/ml (69%) for CRL-12445 cells. Product titer augmented 1.9 and 2.5 times for CRL-12444 and CRL-12445 cells, respectively, without changes in growth rate and specific productivity. Feed supplementation also stimulated full consumption of glucose and free glutamine and reduced 10 times lactate accumulation, while ammonium, sodium and potassium remained at similar concentrations at the end of the culture. About 44% of calcium, mainly provided by feed, was consumed by both cell lines. Maximization of cellular growth, viability and protein titer through feeding encourages extending its use to other cell lines and exploring novel combinations with other basal mediums or feeds. A thorough investigation of its impact on protein quality and the molecular mechanisms behind these effects will allow designing effective feeds and strategies to rationally optimize protein production in the biomanufacturing industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saumel Pérez-Rodriguez
- Programa de Investigación de Producción de Biomoléculas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad De México, México
| | - María de Jesús Ramírez-Lira
- Programa de Investigación de Producción de Biomoléculas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad De México, México
| | - Mauricio A Trujillo-Roldán
- Programa de Investigación de Producción de Biomoléculas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad De México, México
| | - Norma A Valdez-Cruz
- Programa de Investigación de Producción de Biomoléculas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad De México, México
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gangwar N, Mishra R, Budholiya N, Rathore AS. Effect of vitamins and metal ions on productivity and charge heterogeneity of IgG1 expressed in CHO cells. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2000464. [PMID: 34028198 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant monoclonal antibodies have emerged as the most successful modality of biotherapeutics. They are primarily expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. It is well known that post-translational modifications (PTM) contribute significantly to heterogeneity with respect to charge, glycosylation, and size. These attributes in turn impact stability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of the biotherapeutic product. Cell culture media components are known to significantly contribute to both cellular productivity as well as post-translational modifications. Thus, it is highly desirable to understand how media components affect product quality. This study aims to explore the impact of vitamins and metal ions on protein expression and post-translational modifications specifically charge heterogeneity. Biotin, choline chloride, D-calcium pantothenate, folic acid, pyridoxine hydrochloride, thiamine hydrochloride vitamins and Fe, Cu, Mg, Co, Zn, Mn, Ni metal ions were examined in this study. The results indicate that pyridoxine enhances productivity while Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, and biotin impact charge heterogeneity. While, Fe, Mn and Ni enhance production of the acidic variants, Cu and biotin inhibit it. Zn reduces formation of basic variants while biotin enhances it. The results from this investigation could be used for process control so as to get consistent charge variant profile, in particular for biosimilars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neelesh Gangwar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rishabh Mishra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Niharika Budholiya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Anurag S Rathore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
In bioprocess engineering the Qualtiy by Design (QbD) initiative encourages the use of models to define design spaces. However, clear guidelines on how models for QbD are validated are still missing. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of the validation methods, mathematical approaches, and metrics currently applied in bioprocess modeling. The methods cover analytics for data used for modeling, model training and selection, measures for predictiveness, and model uncertainties. We point out the general issues in model validation and calibration for different types of models and put this into the context of existing health authority recommendations. This review provides a starting point for developing a guide for model validation approaches. There is no one-fits-all approach, but this review should help to identify the best fitting validation method, or combination of methods, for the specific task and the type of bioprocess model that is being developed.
Collapse
|
16
|
Li W, Fan Z, Lin Y, Wang TY. Serum-Free Medium for Recombinant Protein Expression in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:646363. [PMID: 33791287 PMCID: PMC8006267 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.646363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, nearly 70% of recombinant therapeutic proteins (RTPs) are produced by Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, and serum-free medium (SFM) is necessary for their culture to produce RTPs. In this review, the history and key components of SFM are first summarized, and its preparation and experimental design are described. Some small molecule compound additives can improve the yield and quality of RTP. The function and possible mechanisms of these additives are also reviewed here. Finally, the future perspectives of SFM use with CHO cells for RTP production are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhenlin Fan
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan Lin
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Tian-Yun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Webster TA, Hadley BC, Dickson M, Busa JK, Jaques C, Mason C. Feedback control of two supplemental feeds during fed-batch culture on a platform process using inline Raman models for glucose and phenylalanine concentration. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 44:127-140. [PMID: 32816075 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02429-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of Raman models for glucose and phenylalanine concentrations to provide the signal for a control algorithm to continuously adjust the feed rate of two separate supplemental feeds during the fed-batch culture of a CHOK1SV GS-KO® cell line in a platform process was evaluated. Automated feed rate adjustment of the glucose feed using a Raman model for glucose concentration, maintained the glucose concentration within the desired target (average deviation ± 0.49 g/L). Automated feed rate adjustment of the nutrient feed using a Raman model for phenylalanine concentration, maintained phenylalanine concentrations within the target (average deviation ± 29.97 mg/L). The novel use of a Raman model for phenylalanine concentration, combined with a Raman model for glucose concentration, to maintain target glucose and phenylalanine concentrations through feed-rate adjustments, reduced the average cumulative glucose and nutrient feed additions (19% and 27% respectively) compared to manually adjusted cultures. Additionally, the proposed automation strategy led to lower osmolality during culture, maintained the nutrient environment more consistently, and achieved higher harvest product concentration (≈ 20% higher) compared to typical fed-batch process control for the cell line and platform process evaluated. Furthermore, the proposed feeding strategy yielded similar glycosylation and charge variant profiles compared to manually adjusted fed-batch process control. The ability to continuously adjust the feed rate addition of two separate feeds in this manner helps enable a shift away from the current daily offline sampling needed to control fed-batch mammalian cell culture during clinical and commercial manufacturing on platform processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian C Hadley
- Lonza Biologics Inc, 101 International Dr, Portsmouth, NH, 03801, USA
| | - Marissa Dickson
- Lonza Biologics Inc, 101 International Dr, Portsmouth, NH, 03801, USA
| | - John K Busa
- Lonza Biologics Inc, 101 International Dr, Portsmouth, NH, 03801, USA
| | - Colin Jaques
- Lonza Biologics Plc, 228 Bath Road, Slough, SL14DX, UK
| | - Carrie Mason
- Lonza Biologics Inc, 101 International Dr, Portsmouth, NH, 03801, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Huang Z, Xu J, Yongky A, Morris CS, Polanco AL, Reily M, Borys MC, Li ZJ, Yoon S. CHO cell productivity improvement by genome-scale modeling and pathway analysis: Application to feed supplements. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
19
|
Bayer B, Striedner G, Duerkop M. Hybrid Modeling and Intensified DoE: An Approach to Accelerate Upstream Process Characterization. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e2000121. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Bayer
- Department of Biotechnology University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna 1190 Austria
| | - Gerald Striedner
- Department of Biotechnology University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna 1190 Austria
| | - Mark Duerkop
- Department of Biotechnology University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna 1190 Austria
- Novasign GmbH Vienna 1190 Austria
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kumar J, Chauhan AS, Shah RL, Gupta JA, Rathore AS. Amino acid supplementation for enhancing recombinant protein production in
E. coli. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:2420-2433. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.27371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jashwant Kumar
- Department of Chemical EngineeringIndian Institute of TechnologyNew Delhi India
| | - Ashish S. Chauhan
- Department of Chemical EngineeringIndian Institute of TechnologyNew Delhi India
| | - Rohan L. Shah
- Department of Chemical EngineeringIndian Institute of TechnologyNew Delhi India
| | - Jaya A. Gupta
- Department of Chemical EngineeringIndian Institute of TechnologyNew Delhi India
| | - Anurag S. Rathore
- Department of Chemical EngineeringIndian Institute of TechnologyNew Delhi India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Horvat J, Narat M, Spadiut O. The effect of amino acid supplementation in an industrial Chinese Hamster Ovary process. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e3001. [PMID: 32274904 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The main goal in biosimilar development is to increase Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) viability and productivity while maintaining product quality. Despite media and feed optimization during process development, depletion of amino acids still occurs. The aim of the work was to optimize an existing industrial fed batch process by preventing shortage of amino acids and to gather knowledge about CHO metabolism. Several process outputs were evaluated such as cell metabolism, cell viability, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) production, and product quality. First step was to develop and supplement an enriched feed containing depleted amino acids. Abundance of serine and glucose increased lactate production resulting in low viability and low productivity. In the next step, we developed an amino acid feed without serine to avoid the metabolic boost. Supplemented amino acids improved cell viability by 9%; however, mAb production did not increase significantly. In the final step, we limited glucose concentration (<5.55 mmol/L) in the cell culture to avoid the metabolic boost while supplementing an amino acid feed including serine. Data analysis showed that we were able to (a) replace depleted amino acids and avoid metabolic boost, (b) increase viability by 12%, (c) enhance mAb production by 0.5 g/L (total by approximately 10 g), and (d) extend the overall process time of an already developed bioprocess.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jernej Horvat
- Biopharmaceuticals, Lek d.d., Novartis, Mengeš, Mengeš, Slovenia
| | - Mojca Narat
- Department of Animal Sciences, Biotechnical Faculty, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Bioprocess Engineering, Integrated Bioprocess Development, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fouladiha H, Marashi SA, Torkashvand F, Mahboudi F, Lewis NE, Vaziri B. A metabolic network-based approach for developing feeding strategies for CHO cells to increase monoclonal antibody production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:1381-1389. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02332-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
23
|
Enhanced Production of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Amplicon Vectors by Gene Modification and Optimization of Packaging Cell Growth Medium. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 17:491-496. [PMID: 32258212 PMCID: PMC7114837 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1)-derived amplicon vectors are unique in their ability to accommodate large DNA molecules allowing whole genomic loci to be included with all of their regulatory elements. Additional advantages of these amplicons include their minimal toxicity and ability to persist as episomes, with negligible risk of insertional mutagenesis, being particularly well-suited for gene therapy of neurological disorders due to their outstanding ability to deliver genes into neurons and other neural cells. However, extensive gene therapy application has been hindered by difficulties in vector production. This work improved HSV-1 amplicons production by genetic modification of the packaging cell line and optimization of the culture medium. A stably-transfected Vero 2-2 cell line overexpressing the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein was generated, exhibiting an increased resistance to apoptosis, prolonged culture duration, and a significant improvement in viral vector production. Additionally, supplementation of the growth medium with antioxidants, polyamines, amino acids, and reduced glutathione further increased the yield of packaged amplicon vectors. With these modifications, HSV-1 amplicons could be isolated from culture supernatants instead of cell lysates, leading to vector preparations with higher titer and purity and paving the way for generation of stable cell lines that are capable of continuous herpesviral vector production.
Collapse
|
24
|
Möller J, Hernández Rodríguez T, Müller J, Arndt L, Kuchemüller KB, Frahm B, Eibl R, Eibl D, Pörtner R. Model uncertainty-based evaluation of process strategies during scale-up of biopharmaceutical processes. Comput Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2019.106693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
25
|
Bayer B, Stosch M, Striedner G, Duerkop M. Comparison of Modeling Methods for DoE‐Based Holistic Upstream Process Characterization. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e1900551. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Bayer
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna 1190 Austria
| | - Moritz Stosch
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced MaterialsNewcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
| | - Gerald Striedner
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna 1190 Austria
| | - Mark Duerkop
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna 1190 Austria
- Novasign GmbH Vienna 1190 Austria
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Towards in situ continuous feeding via controlled release of complete nutrients for fed-batch culture of animal cells. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
27
|
Digital Twins and Their Role in Model-Assisted Design of Experiments. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 177:29-61. [PMID: 32797268 DOI: 10.1007/10_2020_136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Rising demands for biopharmaceuticals and the need to reduce manufacturing costs increase the pressure to develop productive and efficient bioprocesses. Among others, a major hurdle during process development and optimization studies is the huge experimental effort in conventional design of experiments (DoE) methods. As being an explorative approach, DoE requires extensive expert knowledge about the investigated factors and their boundary values and often leads to multiple rounds of time-consuming and costly experiments. The combination of DoE with a virtual representation of the bioprocess, called digital twin, in model-assisted DoE (mDoE) can be used as an alternative to decrease the number of experiments significantly. mDoE enables a knowledge-driven bioprocess development including the definition of a mathematical process model in the early development stages. In this chapter, digital twins and their role in mDoE are discussed. First, statistical DoE methods are introduced as the basis of mDoE. Second, the combination of a mathematical process model and DoE into mDoE is examined. This includes mathematical model structures and a selection scheme for the choice of DoE designs. Finally, the application of mDoE is discussed in a case study for the medium optimization in an antibody-producing Chinese hamster ovary cell culture process.
Collapse
|
28
|
Kuchemüller KB, Pörtner R, Möller J. Efficient Optimization of Process Strategies with Model-Assisted Design of Experiments. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2095:235-249. [PMID: 31858471 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0191-4_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conventional design of experiments (DoE) methods require expert knowledge about the investigated factors and their boundary values and mostly lead to multiple rounds of time-consuming and costly experiments. The combination of DoE with mathematical process modeling in model-assisted DoE (mDoE) can be used to increase the mechanistic understanding of the process. Furthermore, it is aimed to optimize the processes with respect to a target (e.g., amount of cells, product titer), which also provides new insights into the process. In this chapter, the workflow of mDoE is explained stepwise including corresponding protocols. Firstly, a mathematical process model is adapted to cultivation data of first experimental data or existing knowledge. Secondly, model-assisted simulations are treated in the same way as experimentally derived data and included as responses in statistical DoEs. The DoEs are then evaluated based on the simulated data, and a constrained-based optimization of the experimental space can be conducted. This loop can be repeated several times and significantly reduces the number of experiments in process development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim B Kuchemüller
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Pörtner
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Möller
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tulsyan A, Wang T, Schorner G, Khodabandehlou H, Coufal M, Undey C. Automatic real‐time calibration, assessment, and maintenance of generic Raman models for online monitoring of cell culture processes. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 117:406-416. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.27205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Tulsyan
- Digital Integration & Predictive TechnologiesAmgen Inc.Cambridge Massachusetts
| | - Tony Wang
- Digital Integration & Predictive TechnologiesAmgen Inc.Thousand Oaks California
| | - Gregg Schorner
- Digital Integration & Predictive TechnologiesAmgen Inc.West Greenwich Rhode Island
| | | | - Myra Coufal
- Digital Integration & Predictive TechnologiesAmgen Inc.Cambridge Massachusetts
| | - Cenk Undey
- Digital Integration & Predictive TechnologiesAmgen Inc.Thousand Oaks California
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Traustason B, Cheeks M, Dikicioglu D. Computer-Aided Strategies for Determining the Amino Acid Composition of Medium for Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell-Based Biomanufacturing Platforms. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5464. [PMID: 31684012 PMCID: PMC6862603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are used for the production of the majority of biopharmaceutical drugs, and thus have remained the standard industry host for the past three decades. The amino acid composition of the medium plays a key role in commercial scale biologics manufacturing, as amino acids constitute the building blocks of both endogenous and heterologous proteins, are involved in metabolic and non-metabolic pathways, and can act as main sources of nitrogen and carbon under certain conditions. As biomanufactured proteins become increasingly complex, the adoption of model-based approaches become ever more popular in complementing the challenging task of medium development. The extensively studied amino acid metabolism is exceptionally suitable for such model-driven analyses, and although still limited in practice, the development of these strategies is gaining attention, particularly in this domain. This paper provides a review of recent efforts. We first provide an overview of the widely adopted practice, and move on to describe the model-driven approaches employed for the improvement and optimization of the external amino acid supply in light of cellular amino acid demand. We conclude by proposing the likely prevalent direction the field is heading towards, providing a critical evaluation of the current state and the future challenges and considerations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bergthor Traustason
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK.
| | - Matthew Cheeks
- Cell Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB21 6GH, UK.
| | - Duygu Dikicioglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Powers DN, Wang Y, Fratz-Berilla EJ, Velugula-Yellela SR, Chavez B, Angart P, Trunfio N, Yoon S, Agarabi C. Real-time quantification and supplementation of bioreactor amino acids to prolong culture time and maintain antibody product quality. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2894. [PMID: 31425633 PMCID: PMC7003473 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Real‐time monitoring of cell cultures in bioreactors can enable expedited responses necessary to correct potential batch failure perturbations which may normally go undiscovered until the completion of the batch and result in failure. Currently, analytical technologies are dedicated to real‐time monitoring of bioreactor parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, and temperature, nutrients such as glucose and glutamine, or metabolites such as lactate. Despite the importance of amino acids as the building blocks of therapeutic protein products, other than glutamine their concentrations are not commonly measured. Here, we present a study into amino acid monitoring, supplementation strategies, and how these techniques may impact the cell growth profiles and product quality. We used preliminary bioreactor runs to establish baselines by determining initial amino acid consumption patterns, the results of which were used to select a pool of amino acids which gets depleted in the bioreactor. These amino acids were combined into blends which were supplemented into bioreactors during a subsequent run, the concentrations of which were monitored using a mass spectrometry based at‐line method we developed to quickly assess amino acid concentrations from crude bioreactor media. We found that these blends could prolong culture life, reversing a viable cell density decrease that was leading to batch death. Additionally, we assessed how these strategies might impact protein product quality, such as the glycan profile. The amino acid consumption data were aligned with the final glycan profiles in principal component analysis to identify which amino acids are most closely associated with glycan outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David N Powers
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Yifan Wang
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Testing and Research, Division of Product Quality Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Erica J Fratz-Berilla
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Sai Rashmika Velugula-Yellela
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Brittany Chavez
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Phillip Angart
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Nicholas Trunfio
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland.,Sartorius Stedim North America Inc, Corporate Research, Bohemia, NY
| | - Seongkyu Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - Cyrus Agarabi
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Talbot NE, Mead EJ, Davies SA, Uddin S, Smales CM. Application of ER Stress Biomarkers to Predict Formulated Monoclonal Antibody Stability. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1900024. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie E. Talbot
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre, School of BiosciencesUniversity of Kent Canterbury CT2 7NJ UK
| | - Emma J. Mead
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre, School of BiosciencesUniversity of Kent Canterbury CT2 7NJ UK
| | - Stephanie A. Davies
- Dosage Form Design & DevelopmentMedImmune Sir Aaron Klug Building, Granta Park Cambridge CB21 6GH UK
| | - Shahid Uddin
- Dosage Form Design & DevelopmentMedImmune Sir Aaron Klug Building, Granta Park Cambridge CB21 6GH UK
| | - C. Mark Smales
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre, School of BiosciencesUniversity of Kent Canterbury CT2 7NJ UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Emamipour N, Vossoughi M, Mahboudi F, Golkar M, Fard-Esfahani P. Soluble expression of IGF1 fused to DsbA in SHuffle™ T7 strain: optimization of expression and purification by Box-Behnken design. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3393-3406. [PMID: 30868206 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09719-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Production of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) in Escherichia coli mostly results in the formation of inclusion bodies. In the present study, IGF1 was fused to disulfide bond oxidoreductase A (DsbA) and expressed in SHuffle™ T7 strain, in order to obtain correctly folded protein. Soluble expression and IMAC purification of DsbA-IGF1 were optimized by applying the Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology. The optimization greatly increased concentration of soluble protein from 317 to 2600 mg/L, and IMAC yield from 400 to 1900 mg/L. Results of ANOVA showed induction OD600 and temperature had significant effects on the soluble protein expression while isopropyl-β-d thiogalactoside, in the concentrations tested, displayed no significant effect. Moreover, the three parameters of the binding buffer including, pH, concentration of NaCl, and imidazole displayed significant effects on the IMAC yield. Then, purified DsbA-IGF1 was cleaved by human rhinovirus 3C protease, and authentic IGF1 was obtained in flow through of a subtractive IMAC. Final polishing of the protein by reversed-phase HPLC yielded IGF1 with purity of 96%. The quality attributes of purified IGF1 such as purity, identity, molecular size, molecular weight, secondary structure, and biological activity were assessed and showed to be comparable to the standard IGF1. The final yield of purified IGF1 was estimated to be 120 ± 18 mg from 1 L of the culture. Our results demonstrated a simple and easily scalable strategy for production of large amounts of bioactive IGF1 by rational designing soluble protein expression, and further optimization of expression and purification methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabbi Emamipour
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manouchehr Vossoughi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Mahboudi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Pasteur Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Golkar
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Puente-Massaguer E, Badiella L, Gutiérrez-Granados S, Cervera L, Gòdia F. A statistical approach to improve compound screening in cell culture media. Eng Life Sci 2019; 19:315-327. [PMID: 32625011 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201800168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line is widely used for the production of recombinant proteins due to its high growing capacity and productivity, as well as other cell lines derived later than CHO. Adapting cell culture media for each specific cell line is a key to exploit these features for cost effective and fast product generation. Media supplementation is generally addressed by means of one-factor-at-a-time or classical design of experiments approaches but these techniques may not be efficient enough in preliminary screening phases. In this study, a novel strategy consisting in folding over the Plackett-Burman design was used to increase cell growth and trastuzumab production of different CHO cell lines through supplementation with nonanimal recombinant compounds. Synergies between compounds could be detected with a reduced number of experiments by using this methodology in comparison to more conventional fractional factorial designs. In the particular case reported here, the sequential use of this modified Plackett-Burman in combination with a Box-Behnken design led to a 1.5-fold increase in cell growth (10 × 106 cells/mL) and a two-fold in trastuzumab titer (122 mg/L) in suspension batch culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Puente-Massaguer
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental Campus Bellaterra Cerdanyola del Vallès Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Llorenç Badiella
- Servei d'Estadística Aplicada Campus Bellaterra Cerdanyola del Vallès Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Sonia Gutiérrez-Granados
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental Campus Bellaterra Cerdanyola del Vallès Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Laura Cervera
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental Campus Bellaterra Cerdanyola del Vallès Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Francesc Gòdia
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental Campus Bellaterra Cerdanyola del Vallès Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Möller J, Kuchemüller KB, Steinmetz T, Koopmann KS, Pörtner R. Model-assisted Design of Experiments as a concept for knowledge-based bioprocess development. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 42:867-882. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02089-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
36
|
Ghorbani Aghdam A, Moradhaseli S, Jafari F, Motahari P, Samavat S, Mahboudi R, Maleknia S. Therapeutic Fc fusion protein misfolding: A three-phasic cultivation experimental design. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210712. [PMID: 30650123 PMCID: PMC6334962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell culture process optimization is a critical solution to most of the challenges faced by the pharmaceutical manufacturing. One of the major problems encountered in large-scale production of therapeutic proteins is misfolded protein production. The accumulation of misfolded therapeutic proteins is an immunogenic signal and a risk factor for immunogenicity of the final product. The aim of this study was the statistical optimization of three-phasic temperature shift and timing for enhanced production of correctly folded Fc-fusion protein. The effect of culture temperatures were investigated using the biphasic culture system. Box-Behnken design was then used to compute temperature and time of shifting optimum. Response surface methodology revealed that maximum production with low level of misfolded protein was achieved at two-step temperature shift from 37°C to 30°C during the late logarithmic phase and 30°C to 28°C in the mid-stationary phase. The optimized condition gave the best results of 1860 mg L-1 protein titer with 24.5% misfolding level. The validation experiments were carried out under optimal conditions with three replicates and the protein misfolding level was decreased by two times while productivity increased by ~ 1.3-fold. Large-scale production in 250 L bioreactor under the optimum conditions was also verified the effectiveness and the accuracy of the model. The results showed that by utilizing two-step temperature shift, productivity and the quality of target protein have been improved simultaneously. This model could be successfully applied to other products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Ghorbani Aghdam
- Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Aryogen Pharmed Inc., Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Saeed Moradhaseli
- Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Aryogen Pharmed Inc., Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Farnoush Jafari
- Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Aryogen Pharmed Inc., Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Paria Motahari
- Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Aryogen Pharmed Inc., Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sepideh Samavat
- Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Aryogen Pharmed Inc., Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mahboudi
- Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Aryogen Pharmed Inc., Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Shayan Maleknia
- Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Aryogen Pharmed Inc., Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ritacco FV, Wu Y, Khetan A. Cell culture media for recombinant protein expression in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells: History, key components, and optimization strategies. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 34:1407-1426. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank V. Ritacco
- Biologics Process DevelopmentBristol‐Myers Squibb Pennington New Jersey United States
| | - Yongqi Wu
- Biologics Process DevelopmentBristol‐Myers Squibb Pennington New Jersey United States
| | - Anurag Khetan
- Biologics Process DevelopmentBristol‐Myers Squibb Pennington New Jersey United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Webster TA, Hadley BC, Hilliard W, Jaques C, Mason C. Development of generic raman models for a GS-KOTM
CHO platform process. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 34:730-737. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian C. Hadley
- Lonza Biologics Inc., 101 International Dr; Portsmouth NH 03801
| | | | - Colin Jaques
- Lonza Biologics plc, 228 Bath road; Slough SL14DX
| | - Carrie Mason
- Lonza Biologics Inc., 101 International Dr; Portsmouth NH 03801
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Torkashvand F, Mahboudi F, Vossoughi M, Fatemi E, Moosavi Basri SM, Heydari A, Vaziri B. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Cellular Responses to a Designed Amino Acid Feed in a Monoclonal Antibody
Producing Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Line. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [PMID: 29678103 PMCID: PMC6305810 DOI: 10.29252/.22.6.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line is considered as the most common cell line in the biopharmaceutical industry because of its capability in performing efficient post-translational modifications and producing the recombinant proteins, which are similar to natural human proteins. The optimization of the upstream process via different feed strategies has a great impact on the target molecule expression and yield. Methods: To determine and understand the molecular events beneath the feed effects on the CHO cell, a label-free quantitative proteomic analysis was applied. The proteome changes followed by the addition of a designed amino acid feed to the monoclonal antibody producing CHO cell line culture medium were investigated. Results: The glutathione synthesis, the negative regulation of the programmed cell death, proteasomal catabolic process, and the endosomal transport pathway were up-regulated in the group fed with a designed amino acid feed compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our findings could be helpful to identify new targets for metabolic engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Torkashvand
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Mahboudi
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manouchehr Vossoughi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Biochemical and Bioenvironmental Research Center Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Fatemi
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Masoud Moosavi Basri
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Heydari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Behrouz Vaziri
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sha S, Bhatia H, Yoon S. An RNA-seq based transcriptomic investigation into the productivity and growth variants with Chinese hamster ovary cells. J Biotechnol 2018; 271:37-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
41
|
Park SY, Reimonn TM, Agarabi CD, Brorson KA, Yoon S. Metabolic responses and pathway changes of mammalian cells under different culture conditions with media supplementations. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 34:793-805. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Young Park
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; University of Massachusetts; Lowell MA, United States
| | - Thomas M. Reimonn
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology; University of Massachusetts Medical School; Worcester MA, United States
| | - Cyrus D. Agarabi
- Division II; Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, CDER, FDA; Silver Spring MD, United States
| | - Kurt A. Brorson
- Division II; Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, CDER, FDA; Silver Spring MD, United States
| | - Seongkyu Yoon
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; University of Massachusetts; Lowell MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Torkashvand F, Vaziri B. Main Quality Attributes of Monoclonal Antibodies and Effect of Cell Culture Components. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2017; 21:131-41. [PMID: 28176518 PMCID: PMC5392216 DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.ibj.21.3.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The culture media optimization is an inevitable part of upstream process development in therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) production. The quality by design (QbD) approach defines the assured quality of the final product through the development stage. An important step in QbD is determination of the main quality attributes. During the media optimization, some of the main quality attributes such as glycosylation pattern, charge variants, aggregates, and low-molecular-weight species, could be significantly altered. Here, we provide an overview of how cell culture medium components affects the main quality attributes of the mAbs. Knowing the relationship between the culture media components and the main quality attributes could be successfully utilized for a rational optimization of mammalian cell culture media for industrial mAbs production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Behrouz Vaziri
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Azarian B, Sajedin SM, Azimi A, Raigani M, Vaziri B, Davami F. Proteomics Profiling of Chimeric-Truncated Tissue Plasminogen activator Producing- Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Cultivated in a Chemically Defined Medium Supplemented with Protein Hydrolysates. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2017; 21:154-66. [PMID: 28187683 PMCID: PMC5392218 DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.ibj.21.3.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Culture media enrichment through the addition of protein hydrolysates is beneficial for achieving higher protein expression. Methods In this study, designing the optimum mixture of four soy and casein-derived hydrolysates was successfully performed by design of experiment and specific productivity increased in all predicted combinations. Protein profile of recombinant CHO (rCHO) cells producing tissue plasminogen activator in a serum-free medium (SFM) supplemented with designed hydrolysate additives was compared to that of rCHO cells cultivated in SFM. Results Identification of differentially expressed proteins using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with MALDI-TOF/TOF revealed the role of energy metabolism related proteins and importance of prevention of oxidative stress by this special media enrichment strategy. Up-regulation of mitochondrial enzymes, pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 and Peroxiredoxin-III, as well as other proteins involved in metabolic pathways, and uridine monophosphate/cytidine monophosphate kinase indicated higher metabolic activity. Furthermore, along with antioxidant effect of peptones, proteins with antioxidant function such as ferritin and peroxiredoxin-III were up-regulated. Conclusion Understanding molecular mechanisms involved in enhancement of protein expression can provide new approaches for efficiently engineering rCHO cell. These results support the competence of proteomics studies in finding new insights to biochemical pathways for a knowledge-based optimization of media compositions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Azarian
- Protein Chemistry Unit, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Matin Sajedin
- Protein Chemistry Unit, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Guilan, Iran
| | - Amin Azimi
- Protein Chemistry Unit, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Raigani
- Eukaryotic Expression Unit, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrouz Vaziri
- Protein Chemistry Unit, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Davami
- Protein Chemistry Unit, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Eukaryotic Expression Unit, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Alves CS, Dobrowsky TM. Strategies and Considerations for Improving Expression of "Difficult to Express" Proteins in CHO Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1603:1-23. [PMID: 28493120 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6972-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite substantial advances in the field of mammalian expression, there are still proteins that are characterized as difficult to express. Determining the expression bottleneck requires troubleshooting techniques specific for the given molecule and host. The complex array of intracellular processes involved in protein expression includes transcription, protein folding, post-translation processing, and secretion. Challenges in any of these steps could result in low protein expression, while the inherent properties of the molecule itself may limit its production via mechanisms such as cytotoxicity or inherent instability. Strategies to identify the rate-limiting step and subsequently improve expression and production are discussed here.
Collapse
|