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Che L, Li D, Wang J, Tuo Z, Yoo KH, Feng D, Ou Y, Wu R, Wei W. Identification of circadian clock-related immunological prognostic index and molecular subtypes in prostate cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:429. [PMID: 39259370 PMCID: PMC11391008 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that the circadian clock (CIC) is among the important factors for tumorigenesis. We aimed to provide new insights into CIC-mediated molecular subtypes and gene prognostic indexes for prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) or radical radiotherapy (RT). METHODS PCa data from TCGA was analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with significant fold changes and p-values. A prognostic index called CIC-related gene prognostic index (CICGPI) was developed through clustering methods and survival analysis and validated on multiple data sets. The diagnostic accuracy of CICGPI for resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy was confirmed. Additionally, the interaction between tumor immune environment and CICGPI score was explored, along with their correlation with prognosis. RESULTS TOP2A, APOE, and ALDH2 were used to classify the PCa patients into two subtypes. Cluster 2 had a higher risk of biochemical recurrence (BCR) than cluster 1 for PCa patients undergoing RP or RT. A CIC-related gene prognostic index (CICGPI) was constructed using the above three genes for PCa patents in the TCGA database. The CICGPI score showed good prognostic value in the TCGA database and was externally confirmed by PCa patients in GSE116918, MSKCC2010 and GSE46602. In addition, the CICGPI score had a certain and high diagnostic accuracy for tumor chemoresistance (AUC: 0.781) and radioresistance (AUC: 0.988). For gene set variation analysis, we observed that both beta alanine metabolism and limonene and pinene degradation were upregulated in cluster 1 for PCa patients undergoing RP or RT. For PCa patients undergoing RP, cell cycle, homologous recombination, mismatch repair, and DNA replication were upregulated in cluster 2. A strongly positive relationship between cancer-related fibroblasts and CICGPI score was observed in PCa patients undergoing RP or RT. Moreover, a high density of CAFs was highly closely associated with poorer BCR-free survival of PCa patients. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we established CIC-related immunological prognostic index and molecular subtypes, which might be useful for the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Che
- Operating Room, Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dengxiong Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhouting Tuo
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Koo Han Yoo
- Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dechao Feng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, W1W 7TS, UK.
| | - Yun Ou
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Ruicheng Wu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Wuran Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Chrenková E, Študentová H, Holá K, Kahounová Z, Hendrychová R, Souček K, Bouchal J. Castration-resistant prostate cancer monitoring by cell-free circulating biomarkers. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1394292. [PMID: 39319053 PMCID: PMC11420116 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1394292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of male cancer-related deaths in Western countries, which is predominantly attributed to the metastatic castration-resistant stage of the disease (CRPC). There is an urgent need for better prognostic and predictive biomarkers, particularly for androgen receptor targeted agents and taxanes. Methods We have searched the PubMed database for original articles and meta-analyses providing information on blood-based markers for castration-resistant prostate cancer monitoring, risk group stratification and prediction of therapy response. Results The molecular markers are discussed along with the standard clinical parameters, such as prostate specific antigen, lactate dehydrogenase or C-reactive protein. Androgen receptor (AR) alterations are commonly associated with progression to CRPC. These include amplification of AR and its enhancer, point mutations and splice variants. Among DNA methylations, a novel 5-hydroxymethylcytosine activation marker of TOP2A and EZH2 has been identified for the aggressive disease. miR-375 is currently the most promising candidate among non-coding RNAs and sphingolipid analysis has recently emerged as a novel approach. Conclusions The promising biomarkers have the potential to improve the care of metastatic prostate cancer patients, however, they need further validation for routine implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Chrenková
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Hana Študentová
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Holá
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Kahounová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Romana Hendrychová
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Karel Souček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jan Bouchal
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czechia
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Ollitrault G, Marzo M, Roncaglioni A, Benfenati E, Mombelli E, Taboureau O. Prediction of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals Related to Estrogen, Androgen, and Thyroid Hormone (EAT) Modalities Using Transcriptomics Data and Machine Learning. TOXICS 2024; 12:541. [PMID: 39195643 PMCID: PMC11360171 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12080541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are chemicals that can interfere with homeostatic processes. They are a major concern for public health, and they can cause adverse long-term effects such as cancer, intellectual impairment, obesity, diabetes, and male infertility. The endocrine system is a complex machinery, with the estrogen (E), androgen (A), and thyroid hormone (T) modes of action being of major importance. In this context, the availability of in silico models for the rapid detection of hazardous chemicals is an effective contribution to toxicological assessments. We developed Qualitative Gene expression Activity Relationship (QGexAR) models to predict the propensities of chemically induced disruption of EAT modalities. We gathered gene expression profiles from the LINCS database tested on two cell lines, i.e., MCF7 (breast cancer) and A549 (adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial). We optimized our prediction protocol by testing different feature selection methods and classification algorithms, including CATBoost, XGBoost, Random Forest, SVM, Logistic regression, AutoKeras, TPOT, and deep learning models. For each EAT endpoint, the final prediction was made according to a consensus prediction as a function of the best model obtained for each cell line. With the available data, we were able to develop a predictive model for estrogen receptor and androgen receptor binding and thyroid hormone receptor antagonistic effects with a consensus balanced accuracy on a validation set ranging from 0.725 to 0.840. The importance of each predictive feature was further assessed to identify known genes and suggest new genes potentially involved in the mechanisms of action of EAT perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Marzo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy; (M.M.); (A.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Alessandra Roncaglioni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy; (M.M.); (A.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Emilio Benfenati
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy; (M.M.); (A.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Enrico Mombelli
- Institut National de l’Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), 60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France;
| | - Olivier Taboureau
- Inserm U1133, CNRS UMR 8251, Université Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France;
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Fathi Z, Avanes A, Jahanafrooz Z. In vitro study on the anticancer effects of oxalipalladium against PC3 human prostate carcinoma cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 490:117021. [PMID: 38971382 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a common type of cancer in men with high incidence and mortality. Our aim was to investigate the effects of oxalipalladium (ox-Pd) on metastatic human prostate cancer PC3 cells and compare them with the effects of oxaliplatin (ox-Pt) (as an approved cancer drug). We synthesized ox-Pd through a new chemical method and used FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS analyzes to characterize it. The effects of ox-Pd on PC3 cells viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and gene expression were examined. Inhibition of topoisomerase IIα activity was investigated by pHOT1 plasmid relaxation and kDNA decatenation assays. Chemical tests showed ox-Pd with the correct composition and structure. For the first time, the exact fragmentation pathway of ox-Pd and its difference with ox-Pt was obtained by MS analysis. Ox-Pd significantly decreased PC3 cell viability with less/no toxicity effect on MHFB-1 normal skin fibroblasts. Wound scratch assay confirmed the strong anti-migratory activity of ox-Pd. According to flow cytometry analysis, this drug increased the number of PC3 cells in late apoptosis and decreased DNA replication and mitosis. Furthermore, pHOT1 plasmid relaxation and kDNA decatenation assays showed that ox-Pd strongly inhibited the catalytic activity of topoisomerase IIα. The expression of topoisomerase IIα, Bcl-2, P21, and survivin was decreased while the expression of Bax and p53 was increased under ox-Pd treatment. We provide the first evidence that ox-Pd exhibits more selective anticancer effects on PC3 cells compared to ox-Pt. Taken together, these data strongly suggest a therapeutic window for ox-Pd in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Fathi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Armen Avanes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Zohreh Jahanafrooz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
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Ajiboye BO, Fatoki TH, Akinola OG, Ajeigbe KO, Bamisaye AF, Domínguez-Martín EM, Rijo P, Oyinloye BE. In silico exploration of anti-prostate cancer compounds from differential expressed genes. BMC Urol 2024; 24:138. [PMID: 38956591 PMCID: PMC11221101 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01521-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a complex and biologically diverse disease with no curative treatment options at present. This study aims to utilize computational methods to explore potential anti-PCa compounds based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with the goal of identifying novel therapeutic indications or repurposing existing drugs. The methods employed in this study include DEGs-to-drug prediction, pharmacokinetics prediction, target prediction, network analysis, and molecular docking. The findings revealed a total of 79 upregulated DEGs and 110 downregulated DEGs in PCa, which were used to identify drug compounds capable of reversing the dysregulated conditions (dexverapamil, emetine, parthenolide, dobutamine, terfenadine, pimozide, mefloquine, ellipticine, and trifluoperazine) at a threshold probability of 20% on several molecular targets, such as serotonin receptors 2a/2b/2c, HERG protein, adrenergic receptors alpha-1a/2a, dopamine D3 receptor, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), epidermal growth factor receptor erbB1 (EGFR), tyrosine-protein kinases, and C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5). Molecular docking analysis revealed that terfenadine binding to inducible nitric oxide synthase (-7.833 kcal.mol-1) and pimozide binding to HERG (-7.636 kcal.mol-1). Overall, binding energy ΔGbind (Total) at 0 ns was lower than that of 100 ns for both the Terfenadine-iNOS complex (-101.707 to -103.302 kcal.mol-1) and Ellipticine-TOPIIα complex (-42.229 to -58.780 kcal.mol-1). In conclusion, this study provides insight on molecular targets that could possibly contribute to the molecular mechanisms underlying PCa. Further preclinical and clinical studies are required to validate the therapeutic effectiveness of these identified drugs in PCa disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye
- Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
| | - Toluwase Hezekiah Fatoki
- Applied Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Olamilekan Ganiu Akinola
- Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Kazeem Olasunkanmi Ajeigbe
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | | | - Eva-María Domínguez-Martín
- CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, Lisbon, 1749-024, Portugal
- Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas (Área de Farmacología), Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Nuevos Agentes Antitumorales, Acción Tóxica Sobre Células Leucémicas, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km. 33,600, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, 28805, España
| | - Patricia Rijo
- CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, Lisbon, 1749-024, Portugal
| | - Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Toxicology and Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
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Kanagasabai T, Hawaz M, Ellis K, Fah O, Mikhaeil H, Nguyen P, Tombo N, Shanker A, Sampath C, Khoury ZH, Cade J, Ferguson A, Gangula P. Effects of Topoisomerase II alpha Inhibition on Oral Cancer Cell Metabolism and Cancer Stem Cell Function. DENTAL RESEARCH AND ORAL HEALTH 2024; 7:58-65. [PMID: 38957610 PMCID: PMC11218736 DOI: 10.26502/droh.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Topoisomerase IIα (TOP2A), is an enzyme involved in DNA replication, transcription, recombination, and chromatin remodeling and is found in a variety of cancers. However, the role of TOP2A regulation in oral cancer progression is not fully explained. We investigated the effect of TOP2A inhibition on cell survival, metabolism, and cancer stem cell self-renewal function in oral cancer cells. Methods Oral carcinoma cell line SCC25 was cultured in complete DMEM/F12 media and treated with 5μM of Etoposide (Topoisomerase II inhibitor) for 48h. The critical parameters of cellular metabolism, including extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation based on the oxygen consumption rate of cancer cells were assessed using Seahorse assay. Western blotting was performed to assess the proteins that are associated with proliferation (Survivin, IL-6) and cancer stem cell function (Oct4, Sox2) in cell lysates prepared from control and etoposide treated groups. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA with Dunnett's multiple comparisons test. Results The protein expression of TOP2A was significantly (P<0.05) inhibited by etoposide. Additionally, TOP2A inhibition decreased the mitochondrial respiratory parameters including basal respiration, maximal respiration and ATP production. However, TOP2A inhibition has no impact on glycolytic function. Moreover, the proliferative marker survivin and IL-6 showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease after TOP2A inhibition. Conversely, the protein expression of cancer stem cell markers Oct-4 and Sox 2 were not altered. Conclusion These results indicate that inhibition of TOP2A is more efficacious by decreasing the mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming and thereby downregulating the key anti-apoptotic and pro-survival mediators. Thus, TOP2A represents an ideal therapeutic target and offers a potential treatment strategy for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaivelan Kanagasabai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Mariam Hawaz
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences and Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Kayla Ellis
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences and Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Orlyne Fah
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences and Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Helana Mikhaeil
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences and Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Philip Nguyen
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences and Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Nathalie Tombo
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences and Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Anil Shanker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Chethan Sampath
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences and Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Zaid H Khoury
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences and Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - James Cade
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences and Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Alexys Ferguson
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences and Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Pandu Gangula
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences and Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
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Roganowicz M, Bär D, Bersaglieri C, Aprigliano R, Santoro R. BAZ2A-RNA mediated association with TOP2A and KDM1A represses genes implicated in prostate cancer. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202301950. [PMID: 37184661 PMCID: PMC10130768 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202301950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BAZ2A represses rRNA genes (rDNA) that are transcribed by RNA polymerase I. In prostate cancer (PCa), BAZ2A function goes beyond this role because it represses genes frequently silenced in metastatic disease. However, the mechanisms of this BAZ2A-mediated repression remain elusive. Here, we show that BAZ2A represses genes through its RNA-binding TAM domain using mechanisms differing from rDNA silencing. Although the TAM domain mediates BAZ2A recruitment to rDNA, in PCa, this is not required for BAZ2A association with target genes. Instead, the BAZ2A-TAM domain in association with RNA mediates the interaction with topoisomerase 2A (TOP2A) and histone demethylase KDM1A, whose expression positively correlates with BAZ2A levels in localized and metastatic PCa. TOP2A and KDM1A pharmacological inhibition up-regulate BAZ2A-repressed genes that are regulated by inactive enhancers bound by BAZ2A, whereas rRNA genes are not affected. Our findings showed a novel RNA-based mechanism of gene regulation in PCa. Furthermore, we determined that RNA-mediated interactions between BAZ2A and TOP2A and KDM1A repress genes critical to PCa and may prove to be useful to stratify prostate cancer risk and treatment in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Roganowicz
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, DMMD, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- RNA Biology Program, Life Science Zurich Graduate School, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Bär
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, DMMD, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristiana Bersaglieri
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, DMMD, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rossana Aprigliano
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, DMMD, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raffaella Santoro
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, DMMD, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Hansen AF, Høiem TS, Selnaes KM, Bofin AM, Størkersen Ø, Bertilsson H, Wright AJ, Giskeødegård GF, Bathen TF, Rye MB, Tessem MB. Prediction of recurrence from metabolites and expression of TOP2A and EZH2 in prostate cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4694. [PMID: 35032074 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dual upregulation of TOP2A and EZH2 gene expression has been proposed as a biomarker for recurrence in prostate cancer patients to be treated with radical prostatectomy. A low tissue level of the metabolite citrate has additionally been connected to aggressive disease and recurrence in this patient group. However, for radiotherapy prostate cancer patients, few prognostic biomarkers have been suggested. The main aim of this study was to use an integrated tissue analysis to evaluate metabolites and expression of TOP2A and EZH2 as predictors for recurrence among radiotherapy patients. METHODS From 90 prostate cancer patients (56 received neoadjuvant hormonal treatment), 172 transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) biopsies were collected prior to radiotherapy. Metabolic profiles were acquired from fresh frozen TRUS biopsies using high resolution-magic angle spinning MRS. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry staining for TOP2A and EZH2 were performed on TRUS biopsies containing cancer cells (n = 65) from 46 patients, where 24 of these patients (n = 31 samples) received hormonal treatment. Eleven radical prostatectomy cohorts of a total of 2059 patients were used for validation in a meta-analysis. RESULTS Among radiotherapy patients with up to 11 years of follow-up, a low level of citrate was found to predict recurrence, p = 0.001 (C-index = 0.74). Citrate had a higher predictive ability compared with individual clinical variables, highlighting its strength as a potential biomarker for recurrence. The dual upregulation of TOP2A and EZH2 was suggested as a biomarker for recurrence, particularly for patients not receiving neoadjuvant hormonal treatment, p = 0.001 (C-index = 0.84). While citrate was a statistically significant biomarker independent of hormonal treatment status, the current study indicated a potential of glutamine, glutamate and choline as biomarkers for recurrence among patients receiving neoadjuvant hormonal treatment, and glucose among patients not receiving neoadjuvant hormonal treatment. CONCLUSION Using an integrated approach, our study shows the potential of citrate and the dual upregulation of TOP2A and EZH2 as biomarkers for recurrence among radiotherapy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Falkmo Hansen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Therese Stork Høiem
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kirsten Margrete Selnaes
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anna Mary Bofin
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øystein Størkersen
- Department of Pathology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Helena Bertilsson
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alan J Wright
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Guro Fanneløb Giskeødegård
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tone Frost Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Morten Beck Rye
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - May-Britt Tessem
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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Lenin B, Ramasubramanyan S, Vetrivel U, Chitipothu S. Virtual screening and multilevel precision-based prioritisation of natural inhibitors targeting the ATPase domain of human DNA topoisomerase II alpha. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:15177-15195. [PMID: 36898858 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2187234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Human DNA topoisomerase II alpha (hTopIIα) is a classic chemotherapeutic drug target. The existing hTopIIα poisons cause numerous side effects such as the development of cardiotoxicity, secondary malignancies, and multidrug resistance. The use of catalytic inhibitors targeting the ATP-binding cavity of the enzyme is considered a safer alternative due to the less deleterious mechanism of action. Hence, in this study, we carried out high throughput structure-based virtual screening of the NPASS natural product database against the ATPase domain of hTopIIα and identified the five best ligand hits. This was followed by comprehensive validation through molecular dynamics simulations, binding free energy calculation and ADMET analysis. On stringent multilevel prioritization, we identified promising natural product catalytic inhibitors that showed high binding affinity and stability within the ligand-binding cavity and may serve as ideal hits for anticancer drug development.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barathi Lenin
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sharada Ramasubramanyan
- RS Mehta Jain Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Umashankar Vetrivel
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Indian Council of Medical Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Srujana Chitipothu
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Central Research Instrumentation Facility, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Jeon KH, Park S, Shin JH, Jung AR, Hwang SY, Seo SH, Jo H, Na Y, Kwon Y. Synthesis and evaluation of 7-(3-aminopropyloxy)-substituted flavone analogue as a topoisomerase IIα catalytic inhibitor and its sensitizing effect to enzalutamide in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114999. [PMID: 36493620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer patients primarily receive androgen receptor (AR)-targeted drugs as a primary treatment option because prostate cancer is associated with highly activated AR signaling. AR amplification made prostate cancer cells viable under treatment of AR-targeted therapy, leading to castration resistance. AR amplification was more common in enzalutamide-resistant patients. As a strategy to overcome castration resistance and to improve the efficacy of enzalutamide, second-generation nonsteroidal antiandrogen drugs for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) including topoisomerase II (topo II) poisons such as etoposide and mitoxantrone, have been administered in combination with enzalutamide. In the present study, it was confirmed that amplification of topo IIα, but not I and IIβ, was directly and proportionally associated with poor clinical outcome of Prostate cancer. Among a novel series of newly designed and synthesized 7-(3-aminopropyloxy)-substituted flavone analogues, compound 6, the most potent derivative, was further characterized and identified as a topo IIα catalytic inhibitor that intercalates into DNA and binds to the DNA minor groove with better efficacy and less genotoxicity than etoposide, a topo II poison. Compound 6 showed remarkable efficacy in inhibiting AR-negative CRPC cell growth and sensitizing activity to enzalutamide in AR-positive CRPC cells, thus confirming the potential of topo IIα catalytic inhibitor to overcome resistance to androgen deprivation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hwa Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seojeong Park
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pochon-shi, Gyeongghi-do, 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Reum Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hee Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunji Jo
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghwa Na
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pochon-shi, Gyeongghi-do, 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Duan Y, Fu H, Huang J, Yin N, Liu L, Liu X. TOP2A deficiency leads to human recurrent spontaneous abortion and growth retardation of mouse pre-implantation embryos. Mol Med 2022; 28:165. [PMID: 36585615 PMCID: PMC9805267 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00592-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), is a dangerous pregnancy-related condition and is a subject of debate in the gynaecology and obstetrics communities. The objective of this study was to determine the function of DNA Topoisomerase II Alpha (TOP2A) in RSA and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS In vitro models of TOP2A-knockdown and -overexpression were generated by transfecting specific sh-RNA lentivirus and overexpression plasmid, respectively. An in vitro TOP2A inhibition model was established by culturing mouse embryos at the two-cell stage in a medium containing PluriSIn2, a TOP2A inhibitor. Immunohistochemical staining was used to analyse expression of TOP2A in villi tissues of patients with RSA. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to analyse the expression of TOP2A and proteins involved in trophoblast functions, the FOXO signalling pathway, and the development of pre-implantation embryos. 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining, TUNEL assay and flow cytometry were used to further evaluate the effect of TOP2A on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Transwell and wound healing assays were used to evaluate migration and invasion. Moreover, the effect of TOP2A inhibitor on embryos was determined by immunofluorescence and mitochondrial-related dyes. RESULTS Evaluation of clinical samples revealed that the villi tissues of patients that have experienced RSA had lower TOP2A expression compared with that from women who have experienced normal pregnancy (P < 0.01). In vitro, TOP2A knockdown decreased the proliferation, migration, and invasion of trophoblast cell lines, and increased apoptosis and activation of the FOXO signalling pathway (P < 0.05). Conversely, TOP2A overexpression reversed these effects. Moreover, in vivo experiments confirmed that inhibition of TOP2A impairs trophectoderm differentiation, embryonic mitochondrial function as well as the developmental rate; however, no differences were noted in the expression of zygotic genome activation-related genes. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data suggest that lower TOP2A expression is related to RSA as it inhibits trophoblast cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by activation of the FOXO signalling pathway. Additionally, TOP2A inhibition resulted in impaired development of pre-implantation embryos in mice, which could be attributed to excessive oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Duan
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XReproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, 400016 Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Huijia Fu
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XReproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Jiayu Huang
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XReproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Nanlin Yin
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XReproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Linhong Liu
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XReproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, 400016 Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Xiru Liu
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XReproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, 400016 Chongqing, China
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12
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Yang X, Zhu Q. SPOP in Cancer: Phenomena, Mechanisms and Its Role in Therapeutic Implications. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:2051. [PMID: 36360288 PMCID: PMC9690554 DOI: 10.3390/genes13112051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Speckle-type POZ (pox virus and zinc finger protein) protein (SPOP) is a cullin 3-based E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptor protein that plays a crucial role in ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. Recently, SPOP has attracted major research attention as it is frequently mutated in a range of cancers, highlighting pleiotropic tumorigenic effects and associations with treatment resistance. Structurally, SPOP contains a functionally critical N-terminal meprin and TRAF homology (MATH) domain for many SPOP substrates. SPOP has two other domains, including the internal Bric-a-brac-Tramtrack/Broad (BTB) domain, which is linked with SPOP dimerization and binding to cullin3, and a C-terminal nuclear localization sequence (NLS). The dysregulation of SPOP-mediated proteolysis is associated with the development and progression of different cancers since abnormalities in SPOP function dysregulate cellular signaling pathways by targeting oncoproteins or tumor suppressors in a tumor-specific manner. SPOP is also involved in genome stability through its role in the DNA damage response and DNA replication. More recently, studies have shown that the expression of SPOP can be modulated in various ways. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of SPOP's functions in cancer and discuss how to design a rational therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qing Zhu
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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13
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Dong Y, Sun X, Zhang K, He X, Zhang Q, Song H, Xu M, Lu H, Ren R. Type IIA topoisomerase (TOP2A) triggers epithelial-mesenchymal transition and facilitates HCC progression by regulating Snail expression. Bioengineered 2021; 12:12967-12979. [PMID: 34939898 PMCID: PMC8810028 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2012069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Type IIA topoisomerase (TOP2A) is upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its expression is positively correlated with poor prognosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of this connection are poorly understood. Hence, the present work aimed to examine the possible mechanisms which may be useful in identifying a potential therapeutic strategy. The differential expression of TOP2A mRNA in HCC as compared with adjacent normal tissue was analyzed using the Oncomine database. The expression levels of TOP2A in HCC specimens and cell lines were assessed by Western blot and RT-qPCR. Stable cell lines were generated to knockdown or overexpress TOP2A, and then cell growth, migration, and invasion were analyzed. Furthermore, this study examined epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as well as the activation of related pathways. Additionally, the correlation between TOP2A levels and E-cadherin/Snail expression was determined in 72 HCC specimens. Higher expression levels of TOP2A were observed in HCC in Oncomine datasets, and the results were verified using 40 pairs of HCC specimens and peritumoral tissues. TOP2A expression levels were remarkably elevated in cells with great metastatic capacity. In addition, HCC cell growth, migration, and invasion were suppressed after TOP2A knockdown in MHCC97H cells (MHCC97H-shRNA-TOP2A), while these capabilities were promoted in TOP2A-overexpressing Hep3B cells (Hep3B-TOP2A). Furthermore, EMT was inhibited in MHCC97H-shRNA-TOP2A cells, but induced in Hep3B-TOP2A cells. The induction of EMT by TOP2A was shown to be mediated by Snail, as TOP2A promoted Snail expression through the p-ERK1/2/p-SMAD2 signaling pathway. TOP2A level showed a negative correlation with E-cadherin, whereas a positive correlation with that of vimentin and Snail in human HCC specimens by immunohistochemistry analyses. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that TOP2A upregulation showed a positive correlation with poor prognosis patients. Taken together, TOP2A possibly enhances the metastasis of HCC by promoting EMT through the mediation of the p-ERK1/2/p-SMAD2/Snail pathway. This indicates that TOP2A maybe a potential factor to predict the prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinying Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
| | - Xiangyin Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
| | - Kong Zhang
- Department of Intensive-care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Xinjia He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
| | - Hao Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
| | - Mingjin Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
| | - Haijun Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
| | - Ruimei Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
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14
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Hongo H, Kosaka T, Suzuki Y, Mikami S, Fukada J, Oya M. Topoisomerase II alpha inhibition can overcome taxane-resistant prostate cancer through DNA repair pathways. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22284. [PMID: 34782700 PMCID: PMC8593019 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01697-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cabazitaxel (CBZ) is approved for the treatment of docetaxel-resistant castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, its efficacy against CRPC is limited, and there are no effective treatments for CBZ-resistant CRPC. This study explored the optimal treatment for CRPC in the post-cabazitaxel setting. PC3 (CBZ-sensitive) and PC3CR cells (CBZ-resistant) were used in this study. We performed in silico drug screening for candidate drugs that could reprogram the gene expression signature of PC3CR cells. The in vivo effect of the drug combination was tested in xenograft mice models. We identified etoposide (VP16) as a promising treatment candidate for CBZ-resistant CRPC. The WST assay revealed that VP16 had a significant antitumor effect on PC3CR cells. PC3CR cells exhibited significantly higher topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) expression than PC3 cells. Higher TOP2A expression was a poor prognostic factor in The Cancer Genome Atlas prostate cancer cohort. In the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center dataset, docetaxel-exposed tissues and metastatic tumors had higher TOP2A expression. In addition, VP16 significantly inhibited the growth of tumors generated from both cell lines. Based on these findings, VP16-based chemotherapy may be an optimal treatment for CPRC in the post-CBZ setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Hongo
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takeo Kosaka
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Yoko Suzuki
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shuji Mikami
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Fukada
- Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Oya
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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Abstract
The association of leishmaniasis and malignancies in human and animal models has been highlighted in recent years. The misdiagnosis of coexistence of leishmaniasis and cancer and the use of common drugs in the treatment of such diseases prompt us to further survey the molecular biology of Leishmania parasites and cancer cells. The information regarding common expressed proteins, as possible therapeutic targets, in Leishmania parasites and cancer cells is scarce. Therefore, the current study reviews proteins, and investigates the regulation and functions of several key proteins in Leishmania parasites and cancer cells. The up- and down-regulations of such proteins were mostly related to survival, development, pathogenicity, metabolic pathways and vital signalling in Leishmania parasites and cancer cells. The presence of common expressed proteins in Leishmania parasites and cancer cells reveals valuable information regarding the possible shared mechanisms of pathogenicity and opportunities for therapeutic targeting in leishmaniasis and cancers in the future.
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16
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Huang ZG, Sun Y, Chen G, Dang YW, Lu HP, He J, Cheng JW, He ML, Li SH. MiRNA-145-5p expression and prospective molecular mechanisms in the metastasis of prostate cancer. IET Syst Biol 2021; 15:1-13. [PMID: 33527765 PMCID: PMC8675798 DOI: 10.1049/syb2.12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinicopathological implication and prospective molecular mechanisms of miRNA-145-5p in the metastasis of prostate cancer (PCa) stand unclear. Herein, it is found that miRNA-145-5p expression was remarkably reduced in 131 cases of metastatic PCa than 1371 cases of localised ones, as the standardised mean differences (SMD) was -1.26 and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.86, based on miRNA-chip and miRNA-sequencing datasets. The potential targets of miRNA-145-5p in metastatic PCa (n = 414) was achieved from the intersection of miRNA-145-5p transfected metastatic PCa cell line data, differential expression of metastatic PCa upregulated genes and online prediction databases. TOP2A was screened as one of the target hub genes by PPI network analysis, which was adversely related to miRNA-145-5p expression in both metastatic PCa (r = -0.504) and primary PCa (r = -0.281). Gene-chip and RNA-sequencing datasets, as well as IHC performed on clinical PCa samples, showed consistent upregulated expression of TOP2A mRNA and protein in PCa compared with non-PCa. The expression of TOP2A mRNA was also significantly higher in metastatic than localised PCa with the SMD being 1.72 and the AUC of sROC being 0.91. In summary, miRNA-145-5p may participate in PCa metastasis by binding TOP2A and be useful as a biomarker for the detection of metastatic PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Guang Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Ping Lu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Juan He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Wen Cheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Mao-Lin He
- Division of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Hua Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
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17
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Du X, Xue Z, Lv J, Wang H. Expression of the Topoisomerase II Alpha (TOP2A) Gene in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells and the Association with Patient Outcomes. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e929120. [PMID: 33361736 PMCID: PMC7774312 DOI: 10.12659/msm.929120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was carried out to analyze TOP2A expression in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and to assess its value in clinical diagnosis and prognosis. Material/Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to study the relationship of TOP2A expression with the progression and prognosis of LUAD. For a further elucidation of the value of TOP2A in LUAD, the effect of TOP2A knockout on cell viability and related protein expression of LUAD cell line A549 in vitro was investigated by using RNA interference, MTT, flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and western blot analysis. Results According to the results of database analysis, TOP2A expression in LUAD was higher than that in normal lung tissues. There was a strong correlation of TOP2A expression with clinicopathological and epidemiological parameters of LUAD. The survival rate of LUAD patients with high TOP2A expression was lower than that of patients with low expression (P<0.001). The expression of TOP2A in A549 cells was higher than that in Beas-2B cells. After decreased expression of TOP2A in A549 cells, the proliferation of A549 cells was downregulated and the apoptosis rate was increased. It was further verified that TOP2A low expression exerts a role in LUAD through activation of the ERK/JNK/p-P38/CHOP signaling pathway. Conclusions The findings from this study showed that TOP2A expression was upregulated in a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line, and this finding was supported by bioinformatics analysis. Further studies are required to determine whether TOP2A expression is a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Du
- Respiratory and Critical Care Department, Xi'an XD Group Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Zhiwen Xue
- Respiratory and Critical Care Department, Xi'an XD Group Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Jianning Lv
- Respiratory and Critical Care Department, Xi'an XD Group Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Heidou Wang
- Infectious Diseases Department, The Eighth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, Shanxi, China (mainland)
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18
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Reale A, Khong T, Mithraprabhu S, Savvidou I, Hocking J, Bergin K, Ramachandran M, Chen M, Dammacco F, Ria R, Silvestris F, Vacca A, Reynolds J, Spencer A. TOP2A expression predicts responsiveness to carfilzomib in myeloma and informs novel combinatorial strategies for enhanced proteasome inhibitor cell killing. Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 62:337-347. [PMID: 33131357 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1832659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Microarray was utilized to determine if a genetic signature associated with resistance to carfilzomib (CFZ) could be identified. Twelve human myeloma (MM) cell lines (HMCLs) were treated with CFZ and a cell-viability profile was assessed categorizing HMCLs as sensitive or resistant to CFZ. The gene expression profiles (GEP) of untreated resistant versus sensitive HMCLs revealed 29 differentially expressed genes. TOP2A, an enzyme involved in cell cycle and proliferation, was overexpressed in carfilzomib-resistant HMCLs. TOP2A protein expression levels, evaluated utilizing trephine biopsy specimens acquired prior to treatment with proteasome inhibitors, were higher in patients failing to achieve a response when compared to responding patients. Logistic-regression analysis confirmed that TOP2A protein expression was a highly significant predictor of response to PIs (AUC 0.738). Further, the combination of CFZ with TOP2A inhibitors, demonstrated synergistic cytotoxic effects in vitro, providing a rationale for combining topoisomerase inhibitors with CFZ to overcome resistance in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Reale
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, The Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tiffany Khong
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, The Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sridurga Mithraprabhu
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, The Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ioanna Savvidou
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, The Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jay Hocking
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, The Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Clinical Haematology, Box Hill, Melbourne, Australia.,Myeloma Clinic, The Alfred Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Krystal Bergin
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, The Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Malarmathy Ramachandran
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, The Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maoshan Chen
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, The Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Francesco Dammacco
- Department of Internal Medicine and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Ria
- Department of Internal Medicine and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Silvestris
- Department of Internal Medicine and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Department of Internal Medicine and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - John Reynolds
- Biostatistics Consulting Platform, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Spencer
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, The Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Clinical Haematology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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19
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Etoposide and topoisomerase II inhibition for aggressive prostate cancer: Data from a translational study. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2020; 25:100221. [PMID: 33091733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2020.100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Etoposide phosphate (VP-16) is a topoisomerase 2 (TOP2) inhibitor that demonstrated activity in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We investigated the sensitivity of prostate cancer (PCa) cells (LNCaP, 22Rv1, PC3, DU145, PDB and MDB) to VP-16 and the possible relationship between VP-16 activity and TOP2 expression. The activity of VP-16 was compared with that of docetaxel, enzalutamide and olaparib. The prevalence and clinical significance of TOP2 genetic and transcriptomic alterations was also explored in mCRPC. METHODS Cell cultures and crystal violet cell proliferation assays were performed. Specific antibodies were used in western blots analyses of cell protein extracts. Datasets were analyzed in cBioportal. RESULTS VP-16 was active in all PCa cell lines analyzed and demonstrated increased activity in PC3 and DU145 cells. VP-16 was more cytotoxic compared to the other treatments, except for LNCaP and 22Rv1, which were more sensitive to docetaxel. Maintenance of antiandrogen treatment in MDB and PDB increased sensitivity to VP-16, docetaxel and enzalutamide. TOP2A was found overexpressed in 22Rv1, DU145 and PC3, whereas TOP2B was overexpressed in 22Rv1 and PDB. In the mCRPC datasets analysis, TOP2A mRNA overexpression was associated with worse patients' prognosis, with the molecular features of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) and with lower androgen receptor (AR) score. Patients overexpressing TOP2A mRNA were more likely to harbor RB1 loss. CONCLUSIONS Specific subpopulations of patients with aggressive variant prostate cancer (AVPC) could benefit from VP-16 treatment. TOP2A overexpression, rather than TOP2B, might be a good biomarker to predict response to VP-16.
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20
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Maekawa M, Higashiyama S. The Roles of SPOP in DNA Damage Response and DNA Replication. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197293. [PMID: 33023230 PMCID: PMC7582541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Speckle-type BTB/POZ protein (SPOP) is a substrate recognition receptor of the cullin-3 (CUL3)/RING type ubiquitin E3 complex. To date, approximately 30 proteins have been identified as ubiquitinated substrates of the CUL3/SPOP complex. Pathologically, missense mutations in the substrate-binding domain of SPOP have been found in prostate and endometrial cancers. Prostate and endometrial cancer-associated SPOP mutations lose and increase substrate-binding ability, respectively. Expression of these SPOP mutants, thus, causes aberrant turnovers of the substrate proteins, leading to tumor formation. Although the molecular properties of SPOP and its cancer-associated mutants have been intensively elucidated, their cellular functions remain unclear. Recently, a number of studies have uncovered the critical role of SPOP and its mutants in DNA damage response and DNA replication. In this review article, we summarize the physiological functions of SPOP as a “gatekeeper” of genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Maekawa
- Division of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon 791-0295, Japan;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon 791-0295, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-89-960-5254
| | - Shigeki Higashiyama
- Division of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon 791-0295, Japan;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon 791-0295, Japan
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21
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Zhao Q, Li H, Zhu L, Hu S, Xi X, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhong T. Bioinformatics analysis shows that TOP2A functions as a key candidate gene in the progression of cervical cancer. Biomed Rep 2020; 13:21. [PMID: 32765860 PMCID: PMC7403841 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most prevalent types of cancer affecting females worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of CC remains to be elucidated. Taking the high incidence and mortality rates amongst women into consideration, the identification of novel biomarkers to prevent CC is of great significance and required to improve diagnosis. Using three raw microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, 188 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Gene Ontology and pathway analyses were performed on the DEGs. Through protein-protein interaction network construction and module analysis, eight hub genes [cell division cycle 6, cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), cell division control protein 45, budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 (BUB1), DNA topoisomerase II α (TOP2A) and minichromosome maintenance complex component 4, CCNB2 and CCNB1] were identified, but only TOP2A was considered a prognostic factor in survival analysis. There were strong positive correlations between TOP2A and BUB1 (P<0.0001, rs=0.635), CDK1 (P<0.0001, rs=0.511), centromere protein F (CENPF) (P<0.0001, rs=0.677), Rac GTPase activating protein 1 (RACGAP1) (P<0.0001, rs=0.612), F-box protein 5 (FBXO5) (P<0.0001, rs=0.585) and BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B (BUB1B) (P<0.0001, rs=0.584). Additionally, BUB1, CDK1, CENPF, RACGAP1, FBXO5 and BUB1B are all potentially suitable candidate targets for the diagnosis and treatment of CC. In conclusion, the present study identified TOP2A as a potential tumor oncogene and a biomarker for the prognosis of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinfei Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Huaying Li
- Department of Clinical College, Xiangtan Medicine and Health Vocational College, Xiangtan, Hunan 411104, P.R. China
| | - Longyu Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 50011, P.R. China
| | - Suping Hu
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Xuxiang Xi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Yanmei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Tianyu Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China.,Precision Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
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22
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Kregel S, Bagamasbad P, He S, LaPensee E, Raji Y, Brogley M, Chinnaiyan A, Cieslik M, Robins DM. Differential modulation of the androgen receptor for prostate cancer therapy depends on the DNA response element. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:4741-4755. [PMID: 32198885 PMCID: PMC7229860 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) action is a hallmark of prostate cancer (PCa) with androgen deprivation being standard therapy. Yet, resistance arises and aberrant AR signaling promotes disease. We sought compounds that inhibited genes driving cancer but not normal growth and hypothesized that genes with consensus androgen response elements (cAREs) drive proliferation but genes with selective elements (sAREs) promote differentiation. In a high-throughput promoter-dependent drug screen, doxorubicin (dox) exhibited this ability, acting on DNA rather than AR. This dox effect was observed at low doses for multiple AR target genes in multiple PCa cell lines and also occurred in vivo. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that low dox downregulated cell cycle genes while high dox upregulated DNA damage response genes. In chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays with low dox, AR binding to sARE-containing enhancers increased, whereas AR was lost from cAREs. Further, ChIP-seq analysis revealed a subset of genes for which AR binding in low dox increased at pre-existing sites that included sites for prostate-specific factors such as FOXA1. AR dependence on cofactors at sAREs may be the basis for differential modulation by dox that preserves expression of genes for survival but not cancer progression. Repurposing of dox may provide unique opportunities for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Kregel
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Pia Bagamasbad
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shihan He
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Elizabeth LaPensee
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yemi Raji
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michele Brogley
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Arul Chinnaiyan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Medicine and Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marcin Cieslik
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Diane M Robins
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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23
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Clark DJ, Schnaubelt M, Hoti N, Hu Y, Zhou Y, Gooya M, Zhang H. Impact of Increased FUT8 Expression on the Extracellular Vesicle Proteome in Prostate Cancer Cells. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:2195-2205. [PMID: 32378902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in intercellular communication, transporting proteins and nucleic acids to proximal and distal regions. There is evidence of glycosylation influencing protein routing into EVs; however, the impact of aberrant cellular glycotransferase expression on EV protein profiles has yet to be evaluated. In this study, we paired extracellular vesicle characterization and quantitative proteomics to determine the systemic impact of altered α(1,6)fucosyltranferase (FUT8) expression on prostate cancer-derived EVs. Our results showed that increased cellular expression of FUT8 could reduce the number of vesicles secreted by prostate cancer cells as well as increase the abundance of proteins associated with cell motility and prostate cancer metastasis. In addition, overexpression of FUT8 resulted in altered glycans on select EV-derived glycoproteins. This study presents the first evidence of altered cellular glycosylation impacting EV protein profiles and provides further rationale for exploring the functional role of glycosylation in EV biogenesis and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Clark
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, Maryland, United States
| | - Michael Schnaubelt
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, Maryland, United States
| | - Naseruddin Hoti
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, Maryland, United States
| | - Yingwei Hu
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, Maryland, United States
| | - Yangying Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, Maryland, United States
| | - Mahta Gooya
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, Maryland, United States
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21231, Maryland, United States
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24
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Shen Y, Chan G, Xie M, Zeng W, Liu L. Identification of master regulator genes of UV response and their implications for skin carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 2020; 40:687-694. [PMID: 30452757 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Solar UV radiation is a major environmental risk factor for skin cancer. Despite decades of robust and meritorious investigation, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying UV-induced skin carcinogenesis remain incomplete. We previously performed comprehensive transcriptomic profiling in human keratinocytes following exposure to different UV radiation conditions to generate UV-specific gene expression signatures. In this study, we utilized Virtual Inference of Protein Activity by Enriched Regulon (VIPER), a robust systems biology tool, on UV-specific skin cell gene signatures to identify master regulators (MRs) of UV-induced transcriptomic changes. We identified multiple prominent candidate UV MRs, including forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13 and DNA isomerase II alpha, which play important roles in cell cycle regulation and genome stability. MR protein activity was either activated or suppressed by UV in normal keratinocytes. Intriguingly, many of the UV-suppressed MRs were activated in human skin squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), highlighting their importance in skin cancer development. We further demonstrated that selective inhibition of FOXM1, whose activity was elevated in SCC cells, was detrimental to SCC cell survival. Taken together, our study uncovered novel UV MRs that can be explored as new therapeutic targets for future skin cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, Russ Berrie Medical Science Pavilion, New York, USA
| | - Gabriel Chan
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, Russ Berrie Medical Science Pavilion, New York, USA
| | - Michael Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, Russ Berrie Medical Science Pavilion, New York, USA
| | - Wangyong Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, Russ Berrie Medical Science Pavilion, New York, USA
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, Russ Berrie Medical Science Pavilion, New York, USA
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25
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Watanabe R, Maekawa M, Hieda M, Taguchi T, Miura N, Kikugawa T, Saika T, Higashiyama S. SPOP is essential for DNA-protein cross-link repair in prostate cancer cells: SPOP-dependent removal of topoisomerase 2A from the topoisomerase 2A-DNA cleavage complex. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:478-490. [PMID: 31967940 PMCID: PMC7185892 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-08-0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
SPOP, speckle-type POZ protein is a substrate adaptor protein of the Cullin-3/RING ubiquitin E3 complex. The spop gene is the most commonly point mutated in human primary prostate cancers, but the pathological contribution of the SPOP mutations remains unclear. In this study, we investigated several known factors that are critical in the DNA–protein cross-link repair process. The depletion of SPOP or overexpression of a prostate cancer–associated SPOP mutant, F133V, in androgen receptor-positive prostate cancer cells increased the amount of topoisomerase 2A (TOP2A) in the nuclei together with the increased amount of γH2AX, an indication of DNA breaks. Tyrosyl–DNA phosphodiesterases (TDPs) and an endo/exonuclease MRE11 are enzymes that liberate TOP2A from the TOP2A–DNA cleavage complex, and thus is essential for the completion of the DNA repair process. We found that the amount of TDP1 and TDP2 was decreased in SPOP-depleted cells, and that of TDP2 and MRE11 was decreased in F133V-overexpressing cells. These results suggest that the F133V mutant exerts dominant-negative and gain-of-function effects in down-regulation of TDP2 and MRE11, respectively. We conclude that SPOP is involved in the DNA–protein cross-link repair process through the elimination of TOP2A from the TOP2A cleavage complex, which may contribute to the genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Watanabe
- Department of Urology, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Masashi Maekawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.,Division of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Miki Hieda
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Takoda, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime 791-2101, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Taguchi
- Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Miura
- Department of Urology, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Kikugawa
- Department of Urology, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Takashi Saika
- Department of Urology, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Shigeki Higashiyama
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.,Division of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
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26
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Yu Z, Xu Q, Wang G, Rowe M, Driskell C, Xie Q, Wu M, Jia D. DNA topoisomerase IIα and RAD21 cohesin complex component are predicted as potential therapeutic targets in bladder cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:518-528. [PMID: 31289523 PMCID: PMC6539755 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is essentially a genetic disease. Accumulated gene mutations accelerate genome instability, which eventually leads to uncontrollable growth of the tumor. Bladder cancer is the most common form of urinary tract cancer. This form of cancer has a poor prognosis due to its clinical heterogeneity and molecular diversity. Despite recent scientific advances, the knowledge and treatment of bladder cancer still lags behind that of other types of solid tumor. In the present study, available large data portals and other studies were used to obtain clinically relevant information, and the data were systematically processed to decipher the genes associated with bladder cancer. Genes associated with the survival time of patients with bladder cancer were successfully identified. The genes were enriched in common biological processes and pathways, and upregulated in tumor samples from patients. Among the top genes identified as associated with good or poor survival in bladder cancer, DNA topoisomerase IIα (TOP2α) and RAD21 cohesin complex component (RAD21) were also increased in bladder cancer tissues and cell lines. Therefore, TOP2α and RAD21 could be used as potential therapeutic targets in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Yu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The People's Hospital of Yichun City, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, P.R. China
| | - Qiuping Xu
- Morphism Institute, Seattle, WA 98117, USA
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Molly Rowe
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
| | - Cameron Driskell
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
| | - Qian Xie
- Morphism Institute, Seattle, WA 98117, USA
| | - Minhong Wu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The People's Hospital of Yichun City, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, P.R. China
| | - Dongyu Jia
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China.,Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
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27
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Identification a novel set of 6 differential expressed genes in prostate cancer that can potentially predict biochemical recurrence after curative surgery. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 21:1067-1075. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-018-02029-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Bouwman BAM, Crosetto N. Endogenous DNA Double-Strand Breaks during DNA Transactions: Emerging Insights and Methods for Genome-Wide Profiling. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E632. [PMID: 30558210 PMCID: PMC6316733 DOI: 10.3390/genes9120632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) jeopardize genome integrity and can-when repaired unfaithfully-give rise to structural rearrangements associated with cancer. Exogenous agents such as ionizing radiation or chemotherapy can invoke DSBs, but a vast amount of breakage arises during vital endogenous DNA transactions, such as replication and transcription. Additionally, chromatin looping involved in 3D genome organization and gene regulation is increasingly recognized as a possible contributor to DSB events. In this review, we first discuss insights into the mechanisms of endogenous DSB formation, showcasing the trade-off between essential DNA transactions and the intrinsic challenges that these processes impose on genomic integrity. In the second part, we highlight emerging methods for genome-wide profiling of DSBs, and discuss future directions of research that will help advance our understanding of genome-wide DSB formation and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta A M Bouwman
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17165 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Nicola Crosetto
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17165 Stockholm, Sweden.
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29
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Gan BL, Zhang LJ, Gao L, Ma FC, He RQ, Chen G, Ma J, Zhong JC, Hu XH. Downregulation of miR‑224‑5p in prostate cancer and its relevant molecular mechanism via TCGA, GEO database and in silico analyses. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:3171-3188. [PMID: 30542718 PMCID: PMC6196605 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of the expression of microRNA (miR)-224-5p in prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa) remains to be elucidated, therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the clinical significance and potential molecular mechanism of miR-224-5p in PCa. Data on the expression of miR-224-5p in PCa were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), ArrayExpress and previous literature, and meta-analyses with standardized mean difference (SMD) and summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) methods were performed for statistical analyses. The prospective target genes of miR-224-5p were collected by overlapping the differentially expressed mRNAs in TCGA and GEO, and target genes predicted by miRWalk2.0. Subsequently, in silico analysis was performed to examine the associated pathways of miR-224-5p in PCa. The expression of miR-224-5p was markedly lower in PCa; the overall SMD was −0.562, and overall sROC area under the curve was 0.80. In addition, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that the prospective target genes of miR-224-5p were largely enriched in the amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism signaling pathway, and three genes [UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase 1 (UAP1), hexokinase 2 (HK2) and chitinase 1 (CHIT1)] enriched in this pathway showed higher expression (P<0.05). In addition, key genes in the protein-protein interaction network analysis [DNA topoisomerase 2-α (TOP2A), ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) and ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2 (RRM2)] exhibited significantly increased expression (P<0.05). The results suggested that the downregulated expression of miR-224-5p may be associated with the clinical progression and prognosis of PCa. Furthermore, miR-224-5p likely exerts its effects by targeting genes, including UAP1, HK2, CHIT1, TOP2A, ACLY and RRM2. However, in vivo and in vitro experiments are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Liang Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jie Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Chao Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Cai Zhong
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hua Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
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30
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Magani F, Bray ER, Martinez MJ, Zhao N, Copello VA, Heidman L, Peacock SO, Wiley DJ, D'Urso G, Burnstein KL. Identification of an oncogenic network with prognostic and therapeutic value in prostate cancer. Mol Syst Biol 2018; 14:e8202. [PMID: 30108134 PMCID: PMC6684952 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20188202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying critical pathways governing disease progression is essential for accurate prognosis and effective therapy. We developed a broadly applicable and novel systems-level gene discovery strategy. This approach focused on constitutively active androgen receptor (AR) splice variant-driven pathways as representative of an intractable mechanism of prostate cancer (PC) therapeutic resistance. We performed a meta-analysis of human prostate samples using weighted gene co-expression network analysis combined with experimental AR variant transcriptome analyses. An AR variant-driven gene module that is upregulated during human PC progression was identified. We filtered this module by identifying genes that functionally interacted with AR variants using a high-throughput synthetic genetic array screen in Schizosaccharomyces pombe This strategy identified seven AR variant-regulated genes that also enhance AR activity and drive cancer progression. Expression of the seven genes predicted poor disease-free survival in large independent PC patient cohorts. Pharmacologic inhibition of interacting members of the gene set potently and synergistically decreased PC cell proliferation. This unbiased and novel gene discovery strategy identified a clinically relevant, oncogenic, interacting gene hub with strong prognostic and therapeutic potential in PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella Magani
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Eric R Bray
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maria J Martinez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Valeria A Copello
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Laine Heidman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Stephanie O Peacock
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - David J Wiley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Gennaro D'Urso
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kerry L Burnstein
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (SCCC), Miami, FL, USA
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Pei YF, Yin XM, Liu XQ. TOP2A induces malignant character of pancreatic cancer through activating β-catenin signaling pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:197-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Rycaj K, Tang DG. Molecular determinants of prostate cancer metastasis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:88211-88231. [PMID: 29152153 PMCID: PMC5675705 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic cancer remains largely incurable and fatal. The general course of cancer, from the initiation of primary tumor formation and progression to metastasis, is a multistep process wherein tumor cells at each step must display specific phenotypic features. Distinctive capabilities required for primary tumor initiation and growth form the foundation, and sometimes may remain critical, for subsequent metastases. These phenotypic features must remain easily malleable during the acquisition of additional capabilities unique and essential to the metastatic process such as dissemination to distant tissues wherein tumor cells interact with foreign microenvironments. Thus, the metastatic phenotype is a culmination of multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations and subsequent selection for favorable traits under the pressure of ever-changing tumor microenvironments. Although our understanding of the molecular programs that drive cancer metastasis are incomplete, increasing evidence suggests that successful metastatic colonization relies on the dissemination of cancer stem cells (CSCs) with tumor-regenerating capacity and adaptive programs for survival in distant organs. In the past 2-3 years, a myriad of novel molecular regulators and determinants of prostate cancer metastasis have been reported, and in this Perspective, we comprehensively review this body of literature and summarize recent findings regarding cell autonomous molecular mechanisms critical for prostate cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiera Rycaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Dean G. Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Cancer Stem Cell Institute, Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
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The selective effect of glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetinic acid on topoisomerase IIα and apoptosis in combination with etoposide on triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 809:87-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tonry C, Armstrong J, Pennington S. Probing the prostate tumour microenvironment II: Impact of hypoxia on a cell model of prostate cancer progression. Oncotarget 2017; 8:15307-15337. [PMID: 28410543 PMCID: PMC5362488 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately one in six men are diagnosed with Prostate Cancer every year in the Western world. Although it can be well managed and non-life threatening in the early stages, over time many patients cease to respond to treatment and develop castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). CRPC represents a clinically challenging and lethal form of prostate cancer. Progression of CRPC is, in part, driven by the ability of cancer cells to alter their metabolic profile during the course of tumourgenesis and metastasis so that they can survive in oxygen and nutrient-poor environments and even withstand treatment. This work was carried out as a continuation of a study aimed towards gaining greater mechanistic understanding of how conditions within the tumour microenvironment impact on both androgen sensitive (LNCaP) and androgen independent (LNCaP-abl and LNCaP-abl-Hof) prostate cancer cell lines. Here we have applied technically robust and reproducible label-free liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis for comprehensive proteomic profiling of prostate cancer cell lines under hypoxic conditions. This led to the identification of over 4,000 proteins - one of the largest protein datasets for prostate cancer cell lines established to date. The biological and clinical significance of proteins showing a significant change in expression as result of hypoxic conditions was established. Novel, intuitive workflows were subsequently implemented to enable robust, reproducible and high throughput verification of selected proteins of interest. Overall, these data suggest that this strategy supports identification of protein biomarkers of prostate cancer progression and potential therapeutic targets for CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Tonry
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Stephen Pennington
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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T1 high-grade bladder carcinoma outcome: the role of p16, topoisomerase-IIα, survivin, and E-cadherin. Hum Pathol 2016; 57:78-84. [PMID: 27473264 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
High-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma with subepithelial connective tissue invasion (T1HG) is an aggressive disease at high risk of progression after transurethral resection/Bacillus Calmette-Guerin standardized therapy. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer has identified T1HG bladder carcinoma that is single and ≤3 cm in the largest dimension at first diagnosis as a category in which the prognosis cannot be further stratified based on conventional criteria. This category may benefit from biomarker analysis as a valuable tool to determine the patient's outcome. To further the issue of biomarkers in predicting aggressiveness in single T1HG bladder carcinoma ≤3 cm in greatest dimension at first diagnosis, we have conducted a validation study of the biomarker risk score set previously reported by our group. The study set included immunohistochemical detection of galectin-3, CD44, E-cadherin (E-CAD), CD138, p16, survivin, HYAL-1, and topoisomerase-IIα in 92 randomly selected specimens at participating institutions. Topoisomerase-IIα expression was identified as a predictor of disease-free survival. p16, survivin, and E-CAD expression predicted progression-free survival, but p16 and E-CAD also predicted overall survival. The current study validates a panel of immunohistochemical markers with the potential of being implemented in practice and supports the use of biomarkers in predicting aggressiveness in patients with first diagnosis of single T1HG bladder carcinoma ≤3 cm in greatest dimension and therefore in identifying patients who need closer surveillance or earlier aggressive treatment.
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