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Verdú D, Valls A, Díaz A, Carretero A, Dromant M, Kuligowski J, Serna E, Viña J. Pomegranate Extract Administration Reverses Loss of Motor Coordination and Prevents Oxidative Stress in Cerebellum of Aging Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1991. [PMID: 38001844 PMCID: PMC10669012 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The cerebellum is responsible for complex motor functions, like maintaining balance and stance, coordination of voluntary movements, motor learning, and cognitive tasks. During aging, most of these functions deteriorate, which results in falls and accidents. The aim of this work was to elucidate the effect of a standardized pomegranate extract during four months of supplementation in elderly mice to prevent frailty and improve the oxidative state. Male C57Bl/6J eighteen-month-old mice were evaluated for frailty using the "Valencia Score" at pre-supplementation and post-supplementation periods. We analyzed lipid peroxidation in the cerebellum and brain cortex and the glutathione redox status in peripheral blood. In addition, a set of aging-related genes in cerebellum and apoptosis biomarkers was measured via real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Our results showed that pomegranate extract supplementation improved the motor skills of C57Bl/6J aged mice in motor coordination, neuromuscular function, and monthly weight loss, but no changes in grip strength and endurance were found. Furthermore, pomegranate extract reversed the increase in malondialdehyde due to aging in the cerebellum and increased the reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio in the blood. Finally, aging and apoptosis biomarkers improved in aged mice supplemented with pomegranate extract in the cerebellum but not in the cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Verdú
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia Valls
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Díaz
- Central Unit for Research in Medicine (UCIM), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Aitor Carretero
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mar Dromant
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Julia Kuligowski
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe (IISLaFe), 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Serna
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Viña
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Zhen J, Ke Y, Pan J, Zhou M, Zeng H, Song G, Yu Z, Fu B, Liu Y, Huang D, Wu H. ZNF320 is a hypomethylated prognostic biomarker involved in immune infiltration of hepatocellular carcinoma and associated with cell cycle. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:8411-8436. [PMID: 36287187 PMCID: PMC9648795 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most deadly and common malignant cancers around the world, and the prognosis of HCC patients is not optimistic. ZNF320 belongs to Krüppel like zinc finger gene family. However, no studies have focused on the influence of ZNF320 in HCC. We first analyzed ZNF320 expression in HCC by using data from TCGA and ICGC, then conducted a joint analysis with TIMER and UALCAN, and validated by immunohistochemistry in clinical HCC samples. Then we applied UALCAN to explore the correlation between ZNF320 expression and clinicopathological characteristics. Consequently, using Kaplan-Meier Plotter analysis and the Cox regression, we can predict the prognostic value of ZNF320 for HCC patients. Next, the analysis by GO, KEGG, and GSEA revealed that ZNF320 was significantly correlated to cell cycle and immunity. Finally, TIMER and GEPIA analysis verified that ZNF320 expression is closely related to tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIIC), including B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. The analysis of the TCGA and ICGC data sets revealed that ZNF320 expression was significantly correlated with m6A related genes (RBMX, YTHDF1, and METTL3). In conclusion, ZNF320 may be a prognostic biomarker related to immunity as a candidate for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhen
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yun Ke
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jingying Pan
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Minqin Zhou
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hong Zeng
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Gelin Song
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zichuan Yu
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bidong Fu
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Da Huang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Honghu Wu
- Department of Science and Technology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Efficient and accurate frailty model approach for genome-wide survival association analysis in large-scale biobanks. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5437. [PMID: 36114182 PMCID: PMC9481565 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32885-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
With decades of electronic health records linked to genetic data, large biobanks provide unprecedented opportunities for systematically understanding the genetics of the natural history of complex diseases. Genome-wide survival association analysis can identify genetic variants associated with ages of onset, disease progression and lifespan. We propose an efficient and accurate frailty model approach for genome-wide survival association analysis of censored time-to-event (TTE) phenotypes by accounting for both population structure and relatedness. Our method utilizes state-of-the-art optimization strategies to reduce the computational cost. The saddlepoint approximation is used to allow for analysis of heavily censored phenotypes (>90%) and low frequency variants (down to minor allele count 20). We demonstrate the performance of our method through extensive simulation studies and analysis of five TTE phenotypes, including lifespan, with heavy censoring rates (90.9% to 99.8%) on ~400,000 UK Biobank participants with white British ancestry and ~180,000 individuals in FinnGen. We further analyzed 871 TTE phenotypes in the UK Biobank and presented the genome-wide scale phenome-wide association results with the PheWeb browser.
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Richens JL, Bramble JP, Spencer HL, Cantlay F, Butler M, O'Shea P. Towards defining the Mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease based on a contextual analysis of molecular pathways. AIMS GENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3934/genet.2016.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is posing an increasingly profound problem to society. Our genuine understanding of the pathogenesis of AD is inadequate and as a consequence, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are currently insufficient. The understandable focus of many studies is the identification of molecules with high diagnostic utility however the opportunity to obtain a further understanding of the mechanistic origins of the disease from such putative biomarkers is often overlooked. This study examines the involvement of biomarkers in AD to shed light on potential mechanisms and pathways through which they are implicated in the pathology of this devastating neurodegenerative disorder. The computational tools required to analyse ever-growing datasets in the context of AD are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna L. Richens
- Cell Biophysics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan P. Bramble
- Cell Biophysics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah L. Spencer
- Cell Biophysics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Cantlay
- Cell Biophysics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Molly Butler
- Cell Biophysics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul O'Shea
- Cell Biophysics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Address as of 1st July 2016: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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5
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Almanza-Aguilera E, Hernáez A, Corella D, Aguayo DM, Ros E, Portolés O, Valussi J, Estruch R, Coltell O, Subirana I, Salas-Salvadó J, Ruiz-Canela M, de la Torre R, Nonell L, Fitó M, Castañer O. Transcriptional response to a Mediterranean diet intervention exerts a modulatory effect on neuroinflammation signaling pathway. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:256-265. [PMID: 32290787 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1749334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: The Traditional Mediterranean Diet (TMD) is known to have beneficial effects on several chronic diseases. However, data concerning the whole transcriptome modulation of the TMD are scarce.Objective: We aimed to explore the effects of the TMD on the whole transcriptome of individuals at high cardiovascular risk.Methods: Thirty-four participants at high cardiovascular risk were randomly assigned to a TMD enriched with extra-virgin olive oil (TMD + VOO), mixed nuts (TMD + Nuts), or a control diet based on low-fat diet recommendations. A microarray analysis in circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the participants was conducted before and after 3 months of the intervention. The association of changes in gene expression was modeled into canonical pathways by conducting an untargeted functional analysis with the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis® (IPA). Effects were considered significant when the absolute z-score values were ≥2.0 and the logarithm P (adjusted by the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure [BH]) values were ≥1.30.Results: According to IPA, interventions with TMD + Nuts, TMD + VOO, and control diet downregulated neuroinflammation, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 , and cholecystokinin/gastrin-mediated signaling pathways, respectively. The gene expression among these pathways included cytokines, T-cell activation receptors, nuclear factor kappa β/inflammasome components, pro-inflammatory enzymes and cell cycle regulators.Conclusion: The current findings suggest that the TMD enriched with mixed nuts or VOO downregulate transcriptomic pathways, including those related to neuroinflammation, which could influence development of neurodegenerative diseases. Our data should be corroborated in other tissue cells, such as neurons and glial cells. The PREDIMED trial was registered at https://www.controlled-trials.com (ISRCTN35739639).
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Almanza-Aguilera
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition research group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM) Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Alvaro Hernáez
- Blanquerna School of Life Sciences, Universitat Ramón Llull, Barcelona, Spain.,Cardiovascular Risk, Nutrition and Aging Research Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Daniel Muñoz Aguayo
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition research group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM) Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Portolés
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julieta Valussi
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition research group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM) Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Cardiovascular Risk, Nutrition and Aging Research Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Coltell
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,Department of Computer Science and Languages, University Jaume I, Castellon, Spain
| | - Isaac Subirana
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,Human Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience research group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lara Nonell
- Microarrays analysis service, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition research group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM) Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition research group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM) Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain
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6
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Sao T, Yoshino Y, Yamazaki K, Ozaki Y, Mori Y, Ochi S, Yoshida T, Mori T, Iga JI, Ueno SI. TREM1 mRNA Expression in Leukocytes and Cognitive Function in Japanese Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 64:1275-1284. [PMID: 30010135 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) activates the innate immune system, promotes phagocytosis by microglia, and is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The possible role of a related molecule, TREM1, in AD remains unknown. OBJECTIVE We investigated a possible role for TREM1 in AD by determining the gene expression and methylation levels of TREM1 in leukocytes from AD patients. METHODS Fifty patients with AD and 50 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled. AD patients underwent a battery of neuropsychiatric tests. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from each participant, RNA and DNA were extracted, and samples were assessed for TREM1 mRNA expression and methylation rates at three CpG sites in the TREM1 promoter. RESULTS TREM1 mRNA expression levels in AD patients were significantly higher than those in controls (p = 0.008). TREM1 mRNA expression levels were not correlated with sex, age, duration of illness, APOE genotype, donepezil treatment, or scores of most neuropsychiatric tests. TREM1 mRNA expression levels in AD patients were correlated with the total score of the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (p = 0.047, r = - 0.344). Methylation rates at the three CpG sites were significantly lower in AD patients than in controls. We also found a significant correlation between TREM1 mRNA expression and TREM1 DNA methylation rates (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION TREM1 may be associated with the immune responses in AD, and along with hypomethylation at CpG sites in the TREM1 promoter, may become part of a biomarker panel for AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Sao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshino
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kiyohiro Yamazaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuki Ozaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yoko Mori
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ochi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Taku Yoshida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takaaki Mori
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Iga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shu-Ichi Ueno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
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7
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Huie JR, Diaz-Arrastia R, Yue JK, Sorani MD, Puccio AM, Okonkwo DO, Manley GT, Ferguson AR. Testing a Multivariate Proteomic Panel for Traumatic Brain Injury Biomarker Discovery: A TRACK-TBI Pilot Study. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:100-110. [PMID: 30084741 PMCID: PMC6306686 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex and heterogeneous nature of traumatic brain injury (TBI) has rendered the identification of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers elusive. A single acute biomarker may not be sufficient to categorize injury severity and/or predict outcome. Using multivariate dimension reduction analyses, we tested the sensitivity and specificity of a multi-analyte panel of proteins as an ensemble biomarker for TBI. Serum was collected within 24 h of injury in a cohort of 130 patients enrolled in the multi-center prospective Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Pilot (TRACK-TBI Pilot) study and run on an array that measured 72 proteins. Using unsupervised principal components analysis, we first identified the subset of protein changes accounting for the most variance across patients. This yielded a group of 21 proteins that reflected an inverse relationship between inflammatory cytokines and regulators of anti-inflammation, and generated an individual inflammatory profile score for each patient. We then tested the association between these scores and computed tomography (CT) findings at hospital admission, as well as their prognostic association with functional recovery at 3 and 6 months (Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended), and cognitive recovery at 6 months (California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition) after injury. Inflammatory signatures were significantly increased in patients with positive CT findings, as well as in those who showed poor or incomplete recovery. Inflammation biomarker scores also showed significant sensitivity and specificity as a discriminator of these outcome measures (all areas under the curve [AUCs] >0.62). This proof of concept for the feasibility of multivariate biomarker identification demonstrates the prognostic validity of using a proteomic panel as a potential biomarker for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Russell Huie
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, and the Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Ramon Diaz-Arrastia
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John K. Yue
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, and the Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Marco D. Sorani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Ava M. Puccio
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - David O. Okonkwo
- Department of Veterans Affairs, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Geoffrey T. Manley
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, and the Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Adam R. Ferguson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, and the Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Department of Veterans Affairs, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California
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8
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The Bioinformatic Analysis of the Dysregulated Genes and MicroRNAs in Entorhinal Cortex, Hippocampus, and Blood for Alzheimer's Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9084507. [PMID: 29359159 PMCID: PMC5735586 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9084507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aim The incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been increasing in recent years, but there exists no cure and the pathological mechanisms are not fully understood. This study aimed to find out the pathogenesis of learning and memory impairment, new biomarkers, potential therapeutic targets, and drugs for AD. Methods We downloaded the microarray data of entorhinal cortex (EC) and hippocampus (HIP) of AD and controls from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and then the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in EC and HIP regions were analyzed for functional and pathway enrichment. Furthermore, we utilized the DEGs to construct coexpression networks to identify hub genes and discover the small molecules which were capable of reversing the gene expression profile of AD. Finally, we also analyzed microarray and RNA-seq dataset of blood samples to find the biomarkers related to gene expression in brain. Results We found some functional hub genes, such as ErbB2, ErbB4, OCT3, MIF, CDK13, and GPI. According to GO and KEGG pathway enrichment, several pathways were significantly dysregulated in EC and HIP. CTSD and VCAM1 were dysregulated significantly in blood, EC, and HIP, which were potential biomarkers for AD. Target genes of four microRNAs had similar GO_terms distribution with DEGs in EC and HIP. In addtion, small molecules were screened out for AD treatment. Conclusion These biological pathways and DEGs or hub genes will be useful to elucidate AD pathogenesis and identify novel biomarkers or drug targets for developing improved diagnostics and therapeutics against AD.
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9
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Ponomarenko P, Chadaeva I, Rasskazov DA, Sharypova E, Kashina EV, Drachkova I, Zhechev D, Ponomarenko MP, Savinkova LK, Kolchanov N. Candidate SNP Markers of Familial and Sporadic Alzheimer's Diseases Are Predicted by a Significant Change in the Affinity of TATA-Binding Protein for Human Gene Promoters. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:231. [PMID: 28775688 PMCID: PMC5517495 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While year after year, conditions, quality, and duration of human lives have been improving due to the progress in science, technology, education, and medicine, only eight diseases have been increasing in prevalence and shortening human lives because of premature deaths according to the retrospective official review on the state of US health, 1990-2010. These diseases are kidney cancer, chronic kidney diseases, liver cancer, diabetes, drug addiction, poisoning cases, consequences of falls, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) as one of the leading pathologies. There are familial AD of hereditary nature (~4% of cases) and sporadic AD of unclear etiology (remaining ~96% of cases; i.e., non-familial AD). Therefore, sporadic AD is no longer a purely medical problem, but rather a social challenge when someone asks oneself: “What can I do in my own adulthood to reduce the risk of sporadic AD at my old age to save the years of my lifespan from the destruction caused by it?” Here, we combine two computational approaches for regulatory SNPs: Web service SNP_TATA_Comparator for sequence analysis and a PubMed-based keyword search for articles on the biochemical markers of diseases. Our purpose was to try to find answers to the question: “What can be done in adulthood to reduce the risk of sporadic AD in old age to prevent the lifespan reduction caused by it?” As a result, we found 89 candidate SNP markers of familial and sporadic AD (e.g., rs562962093 is associated with sporadic AD in the elderly as a complication of stroke in adulthood, where natural marine diets can reduce risks of both diseases in case of the minor allele of this SNP). In addition, rs768454929, and rs761695685 correlate with sporadic AD as a comorbidity of short stature, where maximizing stature in childhood and adolescence as an integral indicator of health can minimize (or even eliminate) the risk of sporadic AD in the elderly. After validation by clinical protocols, these candidate SNP markers may become interesting to the general population [may help to choose a lifestyle (in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood) that can reduce the risks of sporadic AD, its comorbidities, and complications in the elderly].
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ponomarenko
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Irina Chadaeva
- Division for System Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk, Russia.,Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State UniversityNovosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Rasskazov
- Division for System Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Sharypova
- Division for System Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena V Kashina
- Division for System Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk, Russia
| | - Irina Drachkova
- Division for System Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry Zhechev
- Division for System Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk, Russia
| | - Mikhail P Ponomarenko
- Division for System Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk, Russia.,Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State UniversityNovosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ludmila K Savinkova
- Division for System Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay Kolchanov
- Division for System Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk, Russia.,Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State UniversityNovosibirsk, Russia
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Waragai M, Ho G, Takamatsu Y, Sekiyama K, Sugama S, Takenouchi T, Masliah E, Hashimoto M. Importance of adiponectin activity in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2017; 4:591-600. [PMID: 28812049 PMCID: PMC5553221 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A recent study suggested that insulin resistance may play a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this regard, it is of note that upregulation of plasma adiponectin (APN), a benign adipokine that sensitizes the insulin receptor signaling pathway and suppresses inflammation, has recently been associated with the severities of amyloid deposits and cognitive deficits in the elderly, suggesting that APN may enhance the risk of AD. These results are unanticipated because AD has been linked to type II diabetes and other metabolic disorders in which hypoadiponectinemia has been firmly established, and because APN ameliorated neuropathological features in a mouse model of neurodegeneration. Therefore, the objective of this study is to discuss the possible mechanisms underlying the biological actions of APN in the context of AD. Given that insulin receptor signaling is required for normal function of the nervous system, we predict that APN may be upregulated to compensate for compromised activity of the insulin receptor signaling pathway. However, increased APN might be sequestered by tau in the brain, leading to neurotoxic protein aggregation in AD. Alternatively, misfolding of APN may result in downregulation of the insulin/APN signal transduction network, leading to decreased neuroprotective and neurotrophic activities. Thus, it is possible that both ‘gain of function’ and ‘loss of function’ of APN may underlie synaptic dysfunction and neuronal cell death in AD. Such a unique biological mechanism underlying APN function in AD may require a novel therapeutic strategy that is distinct from previous treatment for metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Waragai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa Setagaya-ku Tokyo 156-8506 Japan
| | - Gilbert Ho
- PCND Neuroscience Research Institute Poway California 92064
| | - Yoshiki Takamatsu
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa Setagaya-ku Tokyo 156-8506 Japan
| | - Kazunari Sekiyama
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa Setagaya-ku Tokyo 156-8506 Japan
| | - Shuei Sugama
- Department of Physiology Nippon Medical School Tokyo113-8506 Japan
| | - Takato Takenouchi
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences National Agriculture and Food Research Organization TsukubaIbaraki 305-8634 Japan
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neuroscience National Institute on Aging Bethesda Maryland 20892
| | - Makoto Hashimoto
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa Setagaya-ku Tokyo 156-8506 Japan
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Markers of neuroinflammation associated with Alzheimer's disease pathology in older adults. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 62:203-211. [PMID: 28161476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro and animal studies have linked neuroinflammation to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Studies on markers of inflammation in subjects with mild cognitive impairment or AD dementia provided inconsistent results. We hypothesized that distinct blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory markers are associated with biomarkers of amyloid and tau pathology in older adults without cognitive impairment or with beginning cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE To identify blood-based and CSF neuroinflammation marker signatures associated with AD pathology (i.e. an AD CSF biomarker profile) and to investigate associations of inflammation markers with CSF biomarkers of amyloid, tau pathology, and neuronal injury. DESIGN/METHODS Cross-sectional analysis was performed on data from 120 older community-dwelling adults with normal cognition (n=48) or with cognitive impairment (n=72). CSF Aβ1-42, tau and p-tau181, and a panel of 37 neuroinflammatory markers in both CSF and serum were quantified. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was applied to determine a reference model that best predicts an AD CSF biomarker profile defined a priori as p-tau181/Aβ1-42 ratio >0.0779. It was then compared to a second model that included the inflammatory markers from either serum or CSF. In addition, the correlations between inflammatory markers and CSF Aβ1-42, tau and p-tau181 levels were assessed. RESULTS Forty-two subjects met criteria for having an AD CSF biomarker profile. The best predictive models included 8 serum or 3 CSF neuroinflammatory markers related to cytokine mediated inflammation, vascular injury, and angiogenesis. Both models improved the accuracy to predict an AD biomarker profile when compared to the reference model. In analyses separately performed in the subgroup of participants with cognitive impairment, adding the serum or the CSF neuroinflammation markers also improved the accuracy of the diagnosis of AD pathology. None of the inflammatory markers correlated with the CSF Aβ1-42 levels. Six CSF markers (IL-15, MCP-1, VEGFR-1, sICAM1, sVCAM-1, and VEGF-D) correlated with the CSF tau and p-tau181 levels, and these associations remained significant after controlling for age, sex, cognitive impairment, and APOEε4 status. CONCLUSIONS The identified serum and CSF neuroinflammation biomarker signatures improve the accuracy of classification for AD pathology in older adults. Our results suggest that inflammation, vascular injury, and angiogenesis as reflected by CSF markers are closely related to cerebral tau pathology.
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Cheng J, Guo X, Zhang T, Zhong L, Bu G, Chen X. TREMs in Alzheimer's disease: Genetic and clinical investigations. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 463:88-95. [PMID: 27769848 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREMs) receptors constitute a family modulators in human innate immunity system that encode by a gene cluster. Rare variants in TREM2 were reported to be associated with significant Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. However, inconsistent results were also reported in some studies of Non-European descents. Recently, the other TREM family members are also considered to involve in AD and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) soluble form of TREM2 (sTREM2) levels has also been associated with respond to progression of disease. In this review, we converged the data of genetic and clinical investigations to identify the clearer role of TREMs in AD. Here, comprehensively analyze of multidisciplinary fields highlights the contribution of TREMs locus to AD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Cheng
- Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - XiaoFeng Guo
- Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Li Zhong
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - GuoJun Bu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - XiaoFen Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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