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Pomés A, Smith SA, Chruszcz M, Mueller GA, Brackett NF, Chapman MD. Precision engineering for localization, validation, and modification of allergenic epitopes. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:560-571. [PMID: 38181840 PMCID: PMC10939758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The allergen-IgE interaction is essential for the genesis of allergic responses, yet investigation of the molecular basis of these interactions is in its infancy. Precision engineering has unveiled the molecular features of allergen-antibody interactions at the atomic level. High-resolution technologies, including x-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and cryo-electron microscopy, determine allergen-antibody structures. X-ray crystallography of an allergen-antibody complex localizes in detail amino acid residues and interactions that define the epitope-paratope interface. Multiple structures involving murine IgG mAbs have recently been resolved. The number of amino acids forming the epitope broadly correlates with the epitope area. The production of human IgE mAbs from B cells of allergic subjects is an exciting recent development that has for the first time enabled an actual IgE epitope to be defined. The biologic activity of defined IgE epitopes can be validated in vivo in animal models or by measuring mediator release from engineered basophilic cell lines. Finally, gene-editing approaches using the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats technology to either remove allergen genes or make targeted epitope engineering at the source are on the horizon. This review presents an overview of the identification and validation of allergenic epitopes by precision engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott A Smith
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
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Rasri N, Tabtimmai L, Kraiya C, Yamabhai M, Sinthuvanich C, Rattanasrisomporn J, Choowongkomon K. Generation of a Single-Chain Variable Fragment Antibody against Feline Immunoglobulin G for Biosensor Applications. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:27688-27696. [PMID: 37546656 PMCID: PMC10399156 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
For many decades, feline infectious disease has been among the most common health problems and a leading cause of death in cats. These diseases include toxoplasmosis, feline leukemia virus (FeLV), and particularly feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) disease. Early diagnosis is essential to increase the chance of successful treatment. Generally, measurement of the IgG level is considered to be indicative of an individual's immune status for a particular pathogen. The antibodies specific to feline IgG are crucial components for the development of a detection kit. In this study, feline IgG-bound scFv was selected using phage display technology. Three rounds of biopanning were conducted against purified feline IgG. Through an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), two scFv clones demonstrating the best binding ability to feline IgG were chosen for biochemical characterization. In addition, the selected scFv (N14) was expressed and purified in a bacterial system. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the size of the purified N14 was 29 kDa. A sandwich ELISA was used to evaluate the binding capacity of the purified scFv to feline IgG. As expected, the purified N14 had the capacity to bind feline IgG. Furthermore, N14 was modified to create a scFv-alkaline phosphatase (scFv-AP) fusion platform. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) results revealed that N14-AP bound to feline IgG with an affinity binding value of 0.3 ± 0.496 μM. Additionally, the direct ELISA demonstrated the binding capacity of N14-AP to feline IgG in both cell lysate and purified protein. Moreover, N14-AP could be applied to detect feline IgG based on electrosensing with a detection limit of 10.42 nM. Overall, this study successfully selected a feline IgG-bound scFv and developed a scFv-AP platform that could be further engineered and applied in a feline infectious disease detection kit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natchaya Rasri
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Lueacha Tabtimmai
- Department
of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - Charoenkwan Kraiya
- Electrochemistry
and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence, Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Montarop Yamabhai
- Molecular
Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Chomdao Sinthuvanich
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Jatuporn Rattanasrisomporn
- Department
of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Kiattawee Choowongkomon
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Romero-Moreno JA, Serrano-Posada H, Olamendi-Portugal T, Possani LD, Becerril B, Riaño-Umbarila L. Development of a human antibody fragment cross-neutralizing scorpion toxins. Mol Immunol 2023; 155:165-174. [PMID: 36812764 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Previously, it was demonstrated that from the single chain fragment variable (scFv) 3F it is possible to generate variants capable of neutralizing the Cn2 and Css2 toxins, as well as their respective venoms (Centruroides noxius and Centruroides suffusus). Despite this success, it has not been easy to modify the recognition of this family of scFvs toward other dangerous scorpion toxins. The analysis of toxin-scFv interactions and in vitro maturation strategies allowed us to propose a new maturation pathway for scFv 3F to broaden recognition toward other Mexican scorpion toxins. From maturation processes against toxins CeII9 from C. elegans and Ct1a from C. tecomanus, the scFv RAS27 was developed. This scFv showed an increased affinity and cross-reactivity for at least 9 different toxins while maintaining recognition for its original target, the Cn2 toxin. In addition, it was confirmed that it can neutralize at least three different toxins. These results constitute an important advance since it was possible to improve the cross-reactivity and neutralizing capacity of the scFv 3F family of antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Alberto Romero-Moreno
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 510-3, Cuernavaca 62250, Mexico
| | - Hugo Serrano-Posada
- Investigador por México, CONACyT-Laboratorio de Biología Sintética, Estructural y Molecular, Laboratorio de Agrobiotecnología, Tecnoparque CLQ, Universidad de Colima, Carretera Los Limones-Loma de Juárez, Colima 28627, Mexico
| | - Timoteo Olamendi-Portugal
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 510-3, Cuernavaca 62250, Mexico
| | - Lourival D Possani
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 510-3, Cuernavaca 62250, Mexico
| | - Baltazar Becerril
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 510-3, Cuernavaca 62250, Mexico.
| | - Lidia Riaño-Umbarila
- Investigadora por México, CONACyT-Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 510-3, Cuernavaca 62250, Mexico.
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Chen YT, Hsieh YHP. Development and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies for the Detection of Fish Protein. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102360. [PMID: 34681409 PMCID: PMC8535609 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study developed and characterized anti-fish monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) capable of detecting fish, a major allergenic food, in processed food products to protect fish sensitized individuals. Of the three mAbs raised against crude protein extract of cooked fish muscle, mAb 8F5 exhibited a positive reaction to all 50 common food fish species tested with no cross-reactions to shellfish, land animals, or food additives. Although the ELISA results were negative against swordfish and yellowfin tuna, western blot clearly detected both after cooking. The ~36 kDa antigenic protein of mAb 8F5, which was found in all fish species, was detectable by mAb 8F5 in all of the fish samples even after prolonged heat treatment (100 °C, up to 60 min). These findings suggest that mAb 8F5 has great potential utility as a probe for the immunochemical detection of fish tissue in cooked food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tien Chen
- School of Food Safety, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan;
| | - Yun-Hwa Peggy Hsieh
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-850-524-4456
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Breiteneder H. Mapping of conformational IgE epitopes of food allergens. Allergy 2018; 73:2107-2109. [PMID: 30144088 DOI: 10.1111/all.13592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heimo Breiteneder
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
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Abstract
With the increased global awareness and rise in food allergies, a multifold interest in food allergens is evident. The presence of undeclared food allergens results in expensive food recalls and increased risks of anaphylaxis for the sensitive individuals. Regardless of the allergenic food, the immunogen needs to be identified and detected before making any efforts to inactivate/eliminate it. In type I food allergies, protein immunogen cross-links immunoglobulin E, leading to basophil/mast cell degranulation, resulting in the symptoms that range from mild irritation to anaphylaxis. A portion/part of the protein, known as the epitope, can interact with either antibodies to elicit allergic reactions or T-cell receptors to initiate allergic sensitization. Antibody-recognized epitopes can be either a linear sequence of amino acids (linear epitope) or a three-dimensional motif (conformational epitope), while T-cell-receptor-recognized epitopes are exclusively linear peptides. Identifying and characterizing human-allergy-relevant epitopes are important for allergy diagnosis/prognosis, immunotherapy, and developing food processing methods that can reduce/eliminate immunogencity/immunoreactivity of the allergen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqi Liu
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, College of Health and Human Services , San Diego State University , 308 ENS Building, 5500 Campanile Drive , San Diego , California 92182-7251 , United States
| | - Shridhar K Sathe
- Department of Nutrition, Food & Exercise Sciences, College of Human Sciences , Florida State University , 402 SAN, 120 Convocation Way , Tallahassee , Florida 32306-1493 , United States
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Kumeta H, Nakayama H, Ogura K. Solution structure of the major fish allergen parvalbumin Sco j 1 derived from the Pacific mackerel. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17160. [PMID: 29215073 PMCID: PMC5719450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17281-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although fish is an important part of the human diet, it is also a common source of food allergy. The major allergen in fish is parvalbumin, a well-conserved Ca2+-binding protein found in the white muscle of many fish species. Here, we studied the solution structure of the parvalbumin Sco j 1, derived from the Pacific mackerel, using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We mapped the IgE-binding epitope proposed in a recent study onto the present structure. Interestingly, three of four residues, which were elucidated as key residues of the IgE-binding epitope, were exposed to solvent, whereas one residue faced the inside of the molecule. We expect that this solution structure can be used in future studies attempting to analyze the various IgE-binding modes of these allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kumeta
- Global Station for Soft Matter, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 11, Kita, Sapporo, 0110021, Japan
| | - Haruka Nakayama
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Functionalities, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 9218836, Japan
| | - Kenji Ogura
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Functionalities, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 9218836, Japan.
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Abstract
Daily food processing has the potential to alter the allergenicity of foods due to modification of the physico-chemical properties of proteins. The degree of such modifications depends on factors such as processing conditions, type of food considered, allergenic content, etc. The impact of daily food processing like boiling, roasting, frying or baking on food allergenicity have been extensively studied. The influence of other thermal treatments such as microwave heating or pressure cooking on allergenicity has also been analyzed. Non-thermal treatment such as peeling impacts on the allergenic content of certain foods such as fruits. In this review, we give an updated overview of the effects of daily processing treatments on the allergenicity of a wide variety of foods. The different variables that contribute to the modification of food allergenicity due to processing are also reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Cabanillas
- a Department of Dermatology and Allergy , University of Bonn Medical Center , Sigmund-Freud-Str., 25, Bonn , Germany
| | - Natalija Novak
- a Department of Dermatology and Allergy , University of Bonn Medical Center , Sigmund-Freud-Str., 25, Bonn , Germany
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Artykov AA, Fursova KK, Ryazantsev DY, Shchannikova MP, Loskutova IV, Shepelyakovskaya AO, Laman AG, Zavriev SK, Brovko FA. Detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin a by phage display mediated immuno-PCR method. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162017050028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zimmer J, Vieths S, Kaul S. Standardization and Regulation of Allergen Products in the European Union. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2016; 16:21. [PMID: 26874849 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-016-0599-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Product-specific standardization is of prime importance to ensure persistent quality, safety, and efficacy of allergen products. The regulatory framework in the EU has induced great advancements in the field in the last years although national implementation still remains heterogeneous. Scores of methods for quantification of individual allergen molecules are developed each year and also the challenging characterization of chemically modified allergen products is progressing. However, despite the unquestionable increase in knowledge and the subsequent improvements in control of quality parameters of allergen products, an important aim has not been reached yet, namely cross-product comparability. Still, comparison of allergen product potency, either based on total allergenic activity or individual allergen molecule content, is not possible due to a lack of standard reference preparations in conjunction with validated standard methods. This review aims at presenting the most recent developments in product-specific standardization as well as activities to facilitate cross-product comparability in the EU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Zimmer
- Division of Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 51-59, 63225, Langen, Germany.
| | - Stefan Vieths
- Division of Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 51-59, 63225, Langen, Germany.
| | - Susanne Kaul
- Division of Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 51-59, 63225, Langen, Germany.
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