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Mohammadkhani R, Komaki A, Karimi SA, Behzad M, Heidarisasan S, Salehi I. Maternal high-intensity interval training as a suitable approach for offspring's heart protection in rat: evidence from oxidative stress and mitochondrial genes. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1117666. [PMID: 37288431 PMCID: PMC10242028 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1117666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Considerable scientific evidence suggests that the intrauterine environment plays a crucial role in determining the long-term health of offspring. The present study aims to investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training in maternal rats before and during pregnancy on the antioxidant status, mitochondrial gene expression, and anxiety-like behavior of their offspring. A total of thirty-two female rats were assigned to four maternal groups based on the timing of exercise: before pregnancy, before and during pregnancy, during pregnancy, and sedentary. The female and male offspring were allocated to groups that matched their mothers' exercise regimen. Anxiety-like behavior in the offspring was evaluated using the open-field and elevated plus-maze tests. Our findings indicate that maternal HIIT does not have any detrimental effect on the anxiety-related behavior of offspring. Also, maternal exercise before and during pregnancy could improve the general activity of the offspring. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that female offspring exhibit more locomotion activity than males. Besides, maternal HIIT leads to a reduction in the levels of TOS and MDA, while TAC levels increase, and significantly upregulate the gene expression of PGC1-α, NFR1, and NRF2 in both sexes in the heart. Therefore, our study suggests that maternal HIIT is a beneficial maternal behavior and serves as a cardioprotective agent to enhance the health of the next generations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Seyed Asaad Karimi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Behzad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shirin Heidarisasan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Salehi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Mehrabadi S, Miri M, Najafi ML, Ghalenovi M, Adli A, Pajohanfar NS, Ambrós A, Dovlatabadi A, Estiri EH, Abroudi M, Alonso L, Bazghandi MS, Dadvand P. Green space exposure during pregnancy and umbilical cord blood levels of liver enzymes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:68432-68440. [PMID: 35545744 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20568-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Evidence has suggested better pregnancy outcomes due to exposure to greenspace; however, the studies on such an association with the level of liver enzymes in the cord blood are still nonexistent. Hence, this study investigated the relationship between exposure to greenspace during the entire pregnancy and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in cord blood samples. We selected 150 pregnant women from our pregnancy cohort in Sabzevar, Iran (2018). Greenspace exposure was characterized based on (i) residential distance to green space, (ii) time spent in public/private green spaces, (iii) residential surrounding greenspace, (iv) visual access to greenspace, and (v) number of indoor natural pot plants at home. We developed linear regression models to investigate the adjusted associations of greenspace exposure with enzyme levels. Each one interquartile range (IQR) increase in the residential surrounding greenspace (100 m buffer) was related to a reduction of -12.58 (U/L) (95% CI -22.86, -2.29), -3.35 (U/L) (95% CI -5.50, -1.20), and -0.57 (U/L) (95% CI -1.12, -0.02) in the levels of GGT, AST, and ALT, respectively. Moreover, a similar association was observed for the time the participants spent in green spaces. A decrease in the residential distance to large green spaces was related with lower cord blood levels of AST, ALT, and GGT. Having a window with greenspace view at home was significantly related to lower AST level. The results for the indoor plant pots were not conclusive. Our findings suggested an inverse relationship between greenspace exposure during pregnancy and cord blood levels of liver enzymes. Further studies in other settings and populations are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saide Mehrabadi
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mohammad Miri
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
| | - Moslem Lari Najafi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mina Ghalenovi
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Adli
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Nasim Sadat Pajohanfar
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Albert Ambrós
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Afishin Dovlatabadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Elahe Hasannejad Estiri
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mina Abroudi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Lucia Alonso
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Malihe Sadat Bazghandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Payam Dadvand
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Fatahi A, Zarrinkalam E, Azizbeigi K, Ranjbar K. Cardioprotective effects of exercise preconditioning on ischemia-reperfusion injury and ventricular ectopy in young and senescent rats. Exp Gerontol 2022; 162:111758. [PMID: 35247502 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging decreases ischemic tolerance, while exercise prevents myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. The cardioprotective role of high intensity interval training (HIIT), however, is unknown. METHODS Accordingly, we investigated 8 weeks (5 days/week, 40 min/day) of HIIT treadmill exercise (60%/90% of VO2 peak) on IR injury in young (2-month) and senescent (20-month) Wistar rat myocardia (N = 10/group). Surgical IR (30 min/120 min) was performed via reversible left anterior descending artery ligation and ECG was analyzed to determine ventricular ectopy during IR period. RESULTS Infarction size and oxidative stress were measured in hearts post-mortem. Glutathione peroxidase activity and Myeloperoxidase levels were mitigated with age, but elevated post IR. HIIT potentiated antioxidant defenses in young and old hearts, and infarction size was lower in young HIIT trained. Metrics of reactive oxygen species were not lower after IR, and were not affected by HIIT in young or old rats. Ventricular ectopy score in senescent rats was insignificantly more than young rats and HIIT significantly decreased ventricular ectopy score in young and senescent rats. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that IR tolerance is mitigated in senescent hearts, while HIIT ameliorated infarction by increasing antioxidant enzymes activity in young and senescent hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Fatahi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Marivan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marivan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Zarrinkalam
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Kamal Azizbeigi
- Exercise Physiology Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kamal Ranjbar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
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Stevanović-Silva J, Beleza J, Coxito P, Costa RC, Ascensão A, Magalhães J. Fit mothers for a healthy future: Breaking the intergenerational cycle of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with maternal exercise. Eur J Clin Invest 2022; 52:e13596. [PMID: 34120338 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED SPECIAL ISSUE: 'FOIEGRAS-Bioenergetic Remodelling in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease'. BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) emerges as significant health burden worldwide. Lifestyle changes, unhealthy dietary habits and physical inactivity, can trigger NAFLD development. Persisting on these habits during pregnancy affects in utero environment and prompts a specific metabolic response in foetus resulting in offspring metabolic maladjustments potentially critical for developing NAFLD later in life. The increasing prevalence of NAFLD, particularly in children, has shifted the research focus towards preventive and therapeutic strategies. Yet, designing effective approaches that can break the NAFLD intergenerational cycle becomes even more complicated. Regular physical exercise (PE) is a powerful non-pharmacological strategy known to counteract deleterious metabolic outcomes. In this narrative review, we aimed to briefly describe NAFLD pathogenesis focusing on maternal nutritional challenge and foetal programming, and to provide potential mechanisms behind the putative intergenerational effect of PE against metabolic diseases, including liver diseases. METHODS Following detailed electronic database search, recent existing evidence about NAFLD development, intergenerational programming and gestational exercise effects was critically analysed and discussed. RESULTS PE during pregnancy could have a great potential to counteract intergenerational transmission of metabolic burden. The interplay between different PE roles-metabolic, endocrine and epigenetic-could offer a more stable in utero environment to the foetus, thus rescuing offspring vulnerability to metabolic disturbances. CONCLUSIONS The better understanding of maternal PE beneficial consequences on offspring metabolism could reinforce the importance of PE during pregnancy as an indispensable strategy in improving offspring health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Stevanović-Silva
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Beleza
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology & Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Coxito
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Carlos Costa
- Department of Communication and Art, Research Institute for Design, Media and Culture (ID+), Aveiro University, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - António Ascensão
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Magalhães
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Mundal SB, Rakner JJ, Silva GB, Gierman LM, Austdal M, Basnet P, Elschot M, Bakke SS, Ostrop J, Thomsen LCV, Moses EK, Acharya G, Bjørge L, Iversen AC. Divergent Regulation of Decidual Oxidative-Stress Response by NRF2 and KEAP1 in Preeclampsia with and without Fetal Growth Restriction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041966. [PMID: 35216082 PMCID: PMC8875334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Utero-placental development in pregnancy depends on direct maternal–fetal interaction in the uterine wall decidua. Abnormal uterine vascular remodeling preceding placental oxidative stress and placental dysfunction are associated with preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction (FGR). Oxidative stress is counteracted by antioxidants and oxidative repair mechanisms regulated by the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). We aimed to determine the decidual regulation of the oxidative-stress response by NRF2 and its negative regulator Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) in normal pregnancies and preeclamptic pregnancies with and without FGR. Decidual tissue from 145 pregnancies at delivery was assessed for oxidative stress, non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity, cellular NRF2- and KEAP1-protein expression, and NRF2-regulated transcriptional activation. Preeclampsia combined with FGR was associated with an increased oxidative-stress level and NRF2-regulated gene expression in the decidua, while decidual NRF2- and KEAP1-protein expression was unaffected. Although preeclampsia with normal fetal growth also showed increased decidual oxidative stress, NRF2-regulated gene expression was reduced, and KEAP1-protein expression was increased in areas of high trophoblast density. The trophoblast-dependent KEAP1-protein expression in preeclampsia with normal fetal growth indicates control of decidual oxidative stress by maternal–fetal interaction and underscores the importance of discriminating between preeclampsia with and without FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siv Boon Mundal
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.B.M.); (J.J.R.); (G.B.S.); (L.M.G.); (M.A.); (S.S.B.); (J.O.)
- Women’s Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (P.B.); (G.A.)
| | - Johanne Johnsen Rakner
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.B.M.); (J.J.R.); (G.B.S.); (L.M.G.); (M.A.); (S.S.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Gabriela Brettas Silva
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.B.M.); (J.J.R.); (G.B.S.); (L.M.G.); (M.A.); (S.S.B.); (J.O.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lobke Marijn Gierman
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.B.M.); (J.J.R.); (G.B.S.); (L.M.G.); (M.A.); (S.S.B.); (J.O.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marie Austdal
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.B.M.); (J.J.R.); (G.B.S.); (L.M.G.); (M.A.); (S.S.B.); (J.O.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Research, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Purusotam Basnet
- Women’s Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (P.B.); (G.A.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mattijs Elschot
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Siril Skaret Bakke
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.B.M.); (J.J.R.); (G.B.S.); (L.M.G.); (M.A.); (S.S.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Jenny Ostrop
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.B.M.); (J.J.R.); (G.B.S.); (L.M.G.); (M.A.); (S.S.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Liv Cecilie Vestrheim Thomsen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5058 Bergen, Norway; (L.C.V.T.); (L.B.)
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Eric Keith Moses
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia;
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Women’s Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (P.B.); (G.A.)
- Department of Clinical Science, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Line Bjørge
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5058 Bergen, Norway; (L.C.V.T.); (L.B.)
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Ann-Charlotte Iversen
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.B.M.); (J.J.R.); (G.B.S.); (L.M.G.); (M.A.); (S.S.B.); (J.O.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-93283877
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Kubler JM, Clifton VL, Moholdt T, Beetham KS. The effects of exercise during pregnancy on placental composition: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Placenta 2021; 117:39-46. [PMID: 34768167 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Morphological changes to the placenta occur as the demands of the foetus increase throughout gestation. Physical activity during pregnancy is known to benefit both the mother and infant, however the impact of antenatal exercise training on placental development is less known. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of exercise training during pregnancy on measures of placental composition. METHODS Six electronic databases were searched from inception to June 2021 for studies comparing regular antenatal exercise with either usual maternal care or no exercise for its effect on measures of placental morphological composition. Meta-analyses were performed for placental weight and the placental weight to birthweight (PWBW) ratio. RESULTS Seven randomised controlled trials and two cohort studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis (n = 9). There was no significant difference in placental weight (mean difference (MD) = -9.07g, p = 0.42) or the PWBW ratio (MD = 0.00, p = 0.32) between exercise and control groups. Parenchymal tissue volume was higher, represented by an increase in villous tissue, and non-parenchymal volume was lower in women who exercised regularly compared to those that were not exercising during pregnancy. DISCUSSION Exercise training during pregnancy may not alter placental weight or the PWBW ratio. However, findings from this review indicate that antenatal exercise training can promote advantageous morphological changes to placental tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade M Kubler
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Vicki L Clifton
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Trine Moholdt
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Women's Clinic, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kassia S Beetham
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Australia.
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Davoodi M, Zilaei Bouri S, Dehghan Ghahfarokhi S. Antioxidant Effects of Aerobic Training and Crocin Consumption on Doxorubicin-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Rats. J Family Reprod Health 2021; 15:28-37. [PMID: 34429734 PMCID: PMC8346744 DOI: 10.18502/jfrh.v15i1.6075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Doxorubicin (DOX) treatment has been reported to increase the risk of serious toxicity in testis, therefore the aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of training and Crocin on doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity in rats. Materials and methods:⊆max) 5 day/w. Also, groups 2 to 7 administered 2 mg/kg/w DOX intraperitoneal. The testes were removed and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and protein carbonyl (PC) were analyzed using ELISA methods, one-way analysis of variance along with Bonferroni’s post hoc test were used for analysis in SPSS (P≤0.05). Results: The results of the present study showed that doxorubicin induced oxidative stress in testicular tissue by decreasing the level of GPX and TAC and increasing PC level (P≤0.05); TAC and GPX improved in all groups except groups 2 and 5, respectively, and their increase in the group 7 was significantly higher compared to other groups (P≤0.05). Increased PC levels were significantly reduced in the groups 5, 6 and 7. Conclusion: The increase in antioxidant levels in the concurrent Crocin and training group seems to be dose-dependent, but the oxidative stress in both Crocin and training groups of 10 and 50 mg/kg/d is associated with a decrease, but its modulation in the Crocin consumption group alone depends on the dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Davoodi
- Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Shirin Zilaei Bouri
- Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Masjed-Soleiman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Masjed-Soleiman, Iran
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Vieira-Souza LM, Aidar FJ, Matos DGD, Silva AND, Miguel-dos-Santos R, Santos JLD, Costa RDA, Marçal AC, Lauton-Santos S, Cabral BGDAT, Estevam CDS, Araújo SSD. SHORT-TERM HIIT DOES NOT PROMOTE OXIDATIVE STRESS OR MUSCLE DAMAGE. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202127022019_0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: High intensity interval training (HIIT) is a method that is widely used today. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of HIIT on markers of oxidative stress and muscle damage in rats. Methods: The sample consisted of 60-day-old Wistar rats, divided into two groups: a control group (n=8) and an HIIT group (n=8). The training consisted of fourteen 20-second swimming sessions (loaded with weights equivalent to 14% of their body weight) with 10-second intervals between each session, performed for 12 consecutive days. Results: HIIT induced a reduction (−17.75%) in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (an oxidative stress marker) in hepatic tissue (p=0.0482). There was also a reduction (−31.80%) in the HIIT group in the level of superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in the liver (p=0.0375). However, there were no differences between the groups in catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, the total content of SH sulfhydryls, hydroperoxides, or carbonylated proteins in the hepatic tissue. No significant differences were found in any of these markers in the gastrocnemius muscle. The muscle damage markers creatinine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were also similar between the groups in the gastrocnemius. Conclusion: The conclusion was that that short-term HIIT does not cause oxidative stress or muscle damage. Level of evidence I; High-quality randomized clinical trial with or without statistically significant difference, but with narrow confidence intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felipe J. Aidar
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Brazil
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Costa LR, de Castro CA, Marine DA, Fabrizzi F, Furino VDO, Malavazi I, Anibal FDF, Duarte ACGDO. High-Intensity Interval Training Does Not Change Vaspin and Omentin and Does Not Reduce Visceral Adipose Tissue in Obese Rats. Front Physiol 2021; 12:564862. [PMID: 33716759 PMCID: PMC7952996 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.564862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the expression of omentin and vaspin, inflammatory markers, body composition, and lipid profile in diet-induced obese rats and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Forty Wistar rats were divided into four groups: untrained normal diet, trained normal diet (T-ND), untrained high-fat diet (Unt-HFD), and trained high-fat diet (T-HFD). For the animals of the Unt-HFD and T-HFD groups, a high-fat diet was offered for 4 weeks. After that, all the animals in the T-ND and T-HFD groups were submitted to HITT, three times per week, for 10 weeks (2 weeks of adaptation and 8 weeks of HIIT). Muscle (gastrocnemius), liver, epididymal adipose tissue, retroperitoneal adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and serum were collected to analyze TNF-α, IL-6, PCR, IL-8, IL-10, IL-4, vaspin, and omentin. A body composition analysis was performed before adaptation to HIIT protocol and after the last exercise session using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Omentin and vaspin in the VAT were quantified using Western blotting. The results showed that, when fed a high-fat diet, the animals obtained significant gains in body fat and elevated serum concentrations of vaspin and blood triglycerides. The HIIT was able to minimize body fat gain but did not reduce visceral fat despite the increase in maximum exercise capacity. Moreover, there was a reduction in the serum levels of adiponectin, IL-6, and IL-10. Finally, we concluded that, although the training protocol was able to slow down the weight gain of the animals, there was no reduction in visceral fat or an improvement in the inflammatory profile, including no changes in omentin and vaspin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Ribeiro Costa
- Department of Physical Education and Human Motricity – DEFMH, Biological and Health Sciences Center – CCBS, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Aparecida de Castro
- Department of Morphology and Pathology – Biological and Health Sciences Center – CCBS, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Diego Adorna Marine
- Department of Physical Education and Human Motricity – DEFMH, Biological and Health Sciences Center – CCBS, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Fernando Fabrizzi
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Penápolis-Brazil, Penápolis, Brazil
| | - Vanessa de Oliveira Furino
- Department of Physical Education and Human Motricity – DEFMH, Biological and Health Sciences Center – CCBS, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Iran Malavazi
- Department of Genetics and Evolution – Biological and Health Sciences Center – CCBS, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Freitas Anibal
- Department of Morphology and Pathology – Biological and Health Sciences Center – CCBS, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira Duarte
- Department of Physical Education and Human Motricity – DEFMH, Biological and Health Sciences Center – CCBS, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
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10
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Nagpal TS, Everest C, Goudreau AD, Manicks M, Adamo KB. To HIIT or not to HIIT? The question pregnant women may be searching for online: a descriptive observational study. Perspect Public Health 2021; 141:81-88. [PMID: 33579178 DOI: 10.1177/1757913920985898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS An increasingly popular exercise modality for women is high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Limited research has assessed HIIT during pregnancy, and as a result, pregnant women may inquire about HIIT on their own through online searches. The purpose of this study was to systematically search and critically evaluate online resources that women may access when inquiring about performing HIIT during pregnancy. METHODS Following previously published methodology, we systematically examined the online search engine Google with the terms 'HIIT' and 'pregnancy'. Using the 2019 Canadian Guideline for Physical Activity throughout Pregnancy as a reference, we identified evidence-based safety recommendations that apply to all prenatal exercise regimes. All selected links were assessed for whether or not they included evidence-based exercise and pregnancy safety recommendations. Descriptive analyses were performed to report the frequency of each construct. RESULTS Seventy-six links were retrieved, and 33 relevant links were selected for inclusion. The majority of the retrieved links recommended that women should consult a healthcare provider before beginning any exercise programme (67%), and modify the intensity and types of exercises in the active HIIT bout based on general pregnancy-related changes (73%) and individual comfort level (55%). Just under half of the links recommended modifying intensity based on prepregnancy activity level (46%), offered trimester-specific recommendations (42%), and only 12% mentioned contraindications to exercise. CONCLUSION Publicly accessible information online on HIIT during pregnancy does not routinely adhere to evidence-based safety recommendations for prenatal exercise. Further research on HIIT during pregnancy and public dissemination of findings is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Nagpal
- Post-Doctoral Fellow, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 200 Lees Ave, Ottawa, ON K1S 5L5, Canada
| | - C Everest
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - A D Goudreau
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - M Manicks
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, Ontario, ON, Canada
| | - K B Adamo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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11
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Vieira-Souza LM, Santos JLD, Marçal AC, Voltarelli FA, Aidar FJ, Miguel-dos-Santos R, Costa RDA, Matos DGD, Santos SL, Araújo SSD. Biomarker responses of cardiac oxidative stress to high intensity interval training in rats. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-65742021021420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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12
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Wagle M, Basnet P, Vartun Å, Trovik TA, Acharya G. Oxidative stress levels and oral bacterial milieu in the saliva from pregnant vs. non-pregnant women. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:245. [PMID: 32883269 PMCID: PMC7469283 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Saliva plays a significant role in maintaining oral health and oral bacterial milieu. Difference in oxidative stress (OS) levels in saliva in conjunction with bacterial load between pregnant and non-pregnant women has not been studied previously. We hypothesized that the physiological changes in pregnancy alter oral bacterial milieu by promoting growth of Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacillus (LB), and increase OS in saliva. The aim of this study was to measure and compare the oral bacterial milieu, OS and total anti-oxidative capacity (TAC) in the saliva of pregnant and non-pregnant women. Method In this cross-sectional study, we assessed oral bacterial milieu by culturing the SM and LB by using commercial kits, TAC by measuring 2, 2′-Azino-Bis-3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging activity spectrophotometrically and OS levels by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels with commercial kits in the saliva of pregnant women (n = 38) at 18–20 weeks of gestation, who were compared with age-matching healthy non-pregnant women (n = 50). Results Streptococcus mutans were found to be more abundant in the saliva of pregnant women compared with non-pregnant women (p = 0.003) but the difference was not significant for the LB (p = 0.267). TAC was found to be 46% lower in pregnant women’s saliva compared to non-pregnant women [optical density (OD) measured at 731 nm as 0.118 ± 0.01 vs. 0.063 ± 0.02; p < 0.001]. OS, expressed as saliva MDA levels, was found to be 16% higher in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women (1.07 nM MDA vs. 0.92 nM MDA; p = 0.023). Conclusion Pregnancy has an adverse impact on oral bacterial milieu as demonstrated by increased colonization with Streptococcus mutans together with higher OS levels and decreased TAC levels in saliva. This emphasizes the importance of improved oral hygiene and provision of oral healthcare services during pregnancy care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Wagle
- Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N- 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Purusotam Basnet
- Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N- 9037, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Åse Vartun
- Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N- 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tordis A Trovik
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N- 9037, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Mohammadkhani R, Khaledi N, Rajabi H, Salehi I, Komaki A. Influence of the maternal high-intensity-interval-training on the cardiac Sirt6 and lipid profile of the adult male offspring in rats. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237148. [PMID: 32745152 PMCID: PMC7398538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The susceptibility to cardiovascular disease in offspring could be reduced prior to birth through maternal intervention, before and during pregnancy. We evaluated whether the initiation periods of maternal exercise in preconception and pregnancy periods induce beneficial effects in the adult male offspring. Thirty-two female rats were divided into control and exercise groups. The exercise groups involve exercise before pregnancy or the preconception periods, exercise during pregnancy, and exercise before and during pregnancy. The mothers in the exercise groups were run on the treadmill in different periods. Then the birth weight and weekly weight gain of male offspring were measured, and the blood and left ventricle tissue of samples were collected for analysis of the Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6) and insulin growth factor-2 (IGF-2) gene expression, serum levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), cholesterol (Cho), and triglycerides (TG). There was no significant difference in the birth weight of offspring groups (P = 0.246) while maternal HIIT only during pregnancy leads to reduce weekly weight gain of offspring. Our data showed that Sirt6 and IGF-2 gene expression was increased (P = 0.017) and decreased (P = 0.047) by maternal exercise prior to and during pregnancy, respectively. Also, the serum level of LDL (p = 0.002) and Cho (P = 0.007) were significantly decreased and maternal exercise leads to improves the running speed of the adult male offspring (p = 0.0176). This study suggests that maternal HIIT prior to and during pregnancy have positive intergenerational consequence in the health and physical readiness of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reihaneh Mohammadkhani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education & Sports Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Khaledi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education & Sports Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Rajabi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education & Sports Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Salehi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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14
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Beneficial Molecular Adaptations In BRCA-Mutation Carriers By Combined HIT/HIRT Intervention: Results From A Pilot Study. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061526. [PMID: 32532068 PMCID: PMC7352264 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on growing evidence that breast cancer (BRCA) also plays a pivotal role in the regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism and the response to anti-oxidative stress, we examined the influence of regular exercise in human BRCA mutation carriers on their BRCA1 gene/protein expression and inflammatory/oxidative response. Sixteen BRCA-mutation carriers were assigned to an intervention (IG) or control group (CG). IG received a combination of high-intensity interval endurance (HIT) and strength training (HIRT) for six weeks, whereas CG received a low-intensity activity program. Before (T0) and at the end of the intervention (T1), muscle biopsy, physiological performance, blood withdrawal and anthropometry were obtained. Parameters included: Muscle BRCA1 gene/protein expression, inflammatory/oxidative stress, anti-oxidative capacity, peak oxygen capacity (VO2peak) and 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) at six different training machines. VO2peak and 1-RM of IG were increased at T1 compared to T0, whereas CG performance, physiological and molecular parameters remained unchanged. IG showed increased BRCA1 protein concentration as well as anti-oxidative capacity, whereas gene expression was unaltered. IG inflammatory and oxidative damage did not differ between time points. Combined HIT/HIRT increases aerobic and strength performance of BRCA-mutation carriers with up regulated BRCA1 protein expression and improved anti-oxidative status without showing an increased inflammatory response.
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15
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High-intensity interval training prevents cognitive-motor impairment and serum BDNF level reduction in parkinson mice model. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-019-00586-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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16
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Beleza J, Albuquerque J, Santos-Alves E, Fonseca P, Santocildes G, Stevanovic J, Rocha-Rodrigues S, Rizo-Roca D, Ascensão A, Torrella JR, Magalhães J. Self-Paced Free-Running Wheel Mimics High-Intensity Interval Training Impact on Rats' Functional, Physiological, Biochemical, and Morphological Features. Front Physiol 2019; 10:593. [PMID: 31139096 PMCID: PMC6527817 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Free-running wheel (FRW) is an animal exercise model that relies on high-intensity interval moments interspersed with low-intensity or pauses apparently similar to those performed in high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Therefore, this study, conducted over a 12-weeks period, aimed to compare functional, thermographic, biochemical and morphological skeletal and cardiac muscle adaptations induced by FRW and HIIT. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were assigned into three groups: sedentary rats (SED), rats that voluntarily exercise in free wheels (FRW) and rats submitted to a daily HIIT. Functional tests revealed that compared to SED both FRW and HIIT increased the ability to perform maximal workload tests (MWT-cm/s) (45 ± 1 vs. 55 ± 2 and vs. 65 ± 2). Regarding thermographic assays, FRW and HIIT increased the ability to lose heat through the tail during MWT. Histochemical analyzes performed in tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL) muscles showed a general adaptation toward a more oxidative phenotype in both FRW and HIIT. Exercise increased the percentage of fast oxidative glycolytic (FOG) in medial fields of TA (29.7 ± 2.3 vs. 44.9 ± 4.4 and vs. 45.2 ± 5.3) and slow oxidative (SO) in SOL (73.4 ± 5.7 vs. 99.5 ± 0.5 and vs. 96.4 ± 1.2). HITT decreased fiber cross-sectional area (FCSA-μm2) of SO (4350 ± 286.9 vs. 4893 ± 325 and vs. 3621 ± 237.3) in SOL. Fast glycolytic fibers were bigger across all the TA muscle in FRW and HIIT groups. The FCSA decrease in FOG fibers was accompanied by a circularity decrease of SO from SOL fibers (0.840 ± 0.005 vs. 0.783 ± 0.016 and vs. 0.788 ± 0.010), and a fiber and global field capillarization increase in both FRW and HIIT protocols. Moreover, FRW and HIIT animals exhibited increased cardiac mitochondrial respiratory control ratio with complex I-driven substrates (3.89 ± 0.14 vs. 5.20 ± 0.25 and vs. 5.42 ± 0.37). Data suggest that FRW induces significant functional, physiological, and biochemical adaptations similar to those obtained under an intermittent forced exercise regimen, such as HIIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Beleza
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Department of Sport Biology, Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Department of Sport Biology, Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Estela Santos-Alves
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Department of Sport Biology, Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Fonseca
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Garoa Santocildes
- Departament de Biologia Cel ⋅ lular, de Fisiologia i d'Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jelena Stevanovic
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Department of Sport Biology, Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Rocha-Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Department of Sport Biology, Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - David Rizo-Roca
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Department of Sport Biology, Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - António Ascensão
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Department of Sport Biology, Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joan Ramon Torrella
- Departament de Biologia Cel ⋅ lular, de Fisiologia i d'Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Magalhães
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Department of Sport Biology, Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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17
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Seldeen KL, Redae YZ, Thiyagarajan R, Berman RN, Leiker MM, Troen BR. Short Session High Intensity Interval Training and Treadmill Assessment in Aged Mice. JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS : JOVE 2019:10.3791/59138. [PMID: 30774134 PMCID: PMC9897322 DOI: 10.3791/59138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
High intensity interval training (HIIT) is emerging as a therapeutic approach to prevent, delay, or ameliorate frailty. In particular short session HIIT, with regimens less than or equal to 10 min is of particular interest as several human studies feature routines as short as a few minutes a couple times a week. However, there is a paucity of animal studies that model the impacts of short session HIIT. Here, we describe a methodology for an individually tailored and progressive short session HIIT regimen of 10 min given 3 days a week for aged mice using an inclined treadmill. Our methodology also includes protocols for treadmill assessment. Mice are initially acclimatized to the treadmill and then given baseline flat and uphill treadmill assessments. Exercise sessions begin with a 3 min warm-up, then three intervals of 1 min at a fast pace, followed by 1 min at an active recovery pace. Following these intervals, the mice are given a final segment that starts at the fast pace and accelerates for 1 min. The HIIT protocol is individually tailored as the speed and intensity for each mouse are determined based upon initial anaerobic assessment scores. Additionally, we detail the conditions for increasing or decreasing the intensity for individual mice depending on performance. Finally, intensity is increased for all mice every two weeks. We previously reported in this protocol enhanced physical performance in aged male mice and here show it also increases treadmill performance in aged female mice. Advantages of our protocol include low administration time (about 15 min per 6 mice, 3 days a week), strategy for individualizing for mice to better model prescribed exercise, and a modular design that allows for the addition or removal of the number and length of intervals to titrate exercise benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Ladd Seldeen
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System
| | - Yonas Z. Redae
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System
| | - Ramkumar Thiyagarajan
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System
| | - Reem Nagi Berman
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System
| | - Merced Marie Leiker
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System
| | - Bruce Robert Troen
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System
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Freitas DA, Rocha-Vieira E, Soares BA, Nonato LF, Fonseca SR, Martins JB, Mendonça VA, Lacerda AC, Massensini AR, Poortamns JR, Meeusen R, Leite HR. High intensity interval training modulates hippocampal oxidative stress, BDNF and inflammatory mediators in rats. Physiol Behav 2018; 184:6-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Fransson D, Nielsen TS, Olsson K, Christensson T, Bradley PS, Fatouros IG, Krustrup P, Nordsborg NB, Mohr M. Skeletal muscle and performance adaptations to high-intensity training in elite male soccer players: speed endurance runs versus small-sided game training. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 118:111-121. [PMID: 29119246 PMCID: PMC5754420 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3751-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To examine the skeletal muscle and performance responses across two different exercise training modalities which are highly applied in soccer training. Methods Using an RCT design, 39 well-trained male soccer players were randomized into either a speed endurance training (SET; n = 21) or a small-sided game group (SSG; n = 18). Over 4 weeks, thrice weekly, SET performed 6–10 × 30-s all-out runs with 3-min recovery, while SSG completed 2 × 7–9-min small-sided games with 2-min recovery. Muscle biopsies were obtained from m. vastus lateralis pre and post intervention and were subsequently analysed for metabolic enzyme activity and muscle protein expression. Moreover, the Yo–Yo Intermittent Recovery level 2 test (Yo–Yo IR2) was performed. Results Muscle CS maximal activity increased (P < 0.05) by 18% in SET only, demonstrating larger (P < 0.05) improvement than SSG, while HAD activity increased (P < 0.05) by 24% in both groups. Na+–K+ ATPase α1 subunit protein expression increased (P < 0.05) in SET and SSG (19 and 37%, respectively), while MCT4 protein expression rose (P < 0.05) by 30 and 61% in SET and SSG, respectively. SOD2 protein expression increased (P < 0.05) by 28 and 37% in SET and SSG, respectively, while GLUT-4 protein expression increased (P < 0.05) by 40% in SSG only. Finally, SET displayed 39% greater improvement (P < 0.05) in Yo–Yo IR2 performance than SSG. Conclusion Speed endurance training improved muscle oxidative capacity and exercise performance more pronouncedly than small-sided game training, but comparable responses were in muscle ion transporters and antioxidative capacity in well-trained male soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Fransson
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, Center for Health and Human Performance, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tobias Schmidt Nielsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karl Olsson
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Tobias Christensson
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, Center for Health and Human Performance, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Paul S Bradley
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ioannis G Fatouros
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Karies, Trikala, Greece
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Magni Mohr
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, Center for Health and Human Performance, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. .,Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre of Health Science, University of the Faroe Islands, Jónas Broncks gøta 25. 3rd floor, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands.
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