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Pinakhina D, Yermakovich D, Vergasova E, Kasyanov E, Rukavishnikov G, Rezapova V, Kolosov N, Sergushichev A, Popov I, Kovalenko E, Ilinskaya A, Kim A, Plotnikov N, Ilinsky V, Neznanov N, Mazo G, Kibitov A, Rakitko A, Artomov M. GWAS of depression in 4,520 individuals from the Russian population highlights the role of MAGI2 ( S-SCAM) in the gut-brain axis. Front Genet 2023; 13:972196. [PMID: 36685848 PMCID: PMC9845291 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.972196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the results of the depression Genome-wide association studies study performed on a cohort of Russian-descent individuals, which identified a novel association at chromosome 7q21 locus. Gene prioritization analysis based on already known depression risk genes indicated MAGI2 (S-SCAM) as the most probable gene from the locus and potential susceptibility gene for the disease. Brain and gut expression patterns were the main features highlighting functional relatedness of MAGI2 to the previously known depression risk genes. Local genetic covariance analysis, analysis of gene expression, provided initial suggestive evidence of hospital anxiety and depression scale and diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders scales having a different relationship with gut-brain axis disturbance. It should be noted, that while several independent methods successfully in silico validate the role of MAGI2, we were unable to replicate genetic association for the leading variant in the MAGI2 locus, therefore the role of rs521851 in depression should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Evgeny Kasyanov
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Grigory Rukavishnikov
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Valeriia Rezapova
- ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia,Almazov National Medical Research Center, Saint-Petersburg, Russia,Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Nikita Kolosov
- ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia,Almazov National Medical Research Center, Saint-Petersburg, Russia,Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Valery Ilinsky
- Genotek Ltd., Moscow, Russia,V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nikholay Neznanov
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint-Petersburg, Russia,First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Galina Mazo
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Kibitov
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Rakitko
- Genotek Ltd., Moscow, Russia,V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mykyta Artomov
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States,The Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States,Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States,*Correspondence: Mykyta Artomov,
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Rumination, automatic thoughts, dysfunctional attitudes, and thought suppression as transdiagnostic factors in depression and anxiety. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-01086-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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3
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Zhukovsky P, Wainberg M, Milic M, Tripathy SJ, Mulsant BH, Felsky D, Voineskos AN. Multiscale neural signatures of major depressive, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204433119. [PMID: 35648832 PMCID: PMC9191681 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204433119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The extent of shared and distinct neural mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety, and stress-related disorders is still unclear. We compared the neural signatures of these disorders in 5,405 UK Biobank patients and 21,727 healthy controls. We found the greatest case–control differences in resting-state functional connectivity and cortical thickness in MDD, followed by anxiety and stress-related disorders. Neural signatures for MDD and anxiety disorders were highly concordant, whereas stress-related disorders showed a distinct pattern. Controlling for cross-disorder genetic risk somewhat decreased the similarity between functional neural signatures of stress-related disorders and both MDD and anxiety disorders. Among cases and healthy controls, reduced within-network and increased between-network frontoparietal and default mode connectivity were associated with poorer cognitive performance (processing speed, attention, associative learning, and fluid intelligence). These results provide evidence for distinct neural circuit function impairments in MDD and anxiety disorders compared to stress disorders, yet cognitive impairment appears unrelated to diagnosis and varies with circuit function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zhukovsky
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Michael Wainberg
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Milos Milic
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Shreejoy J. Tripathy
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Benoit H. Mulsant
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Daniel Felsky
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Aristotle N. Voineskos
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
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A idade como preditora de ansiedade e depressão de adultos brasileiros durante a pandemia da Covid-19. CONSCIENTIAE SAÚDE 2022. [DOI: 10.5585/21.2022.21490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ResumoObjetivo: analisar o papel preditor da idade sobre os sintomas de ansiedade e depressão de adultos durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com 1118 adultos. Foi utilizado um questionário sociodemográfico e a Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale. A análise de dados foi conduzida por meio da Análise Multivariada de Variância, correlação de Pearson e Regressão Múltipla (p 0,05). Resultados: a idade foi um preditor negativo dos sintomas de ansiedade (R2 = 0,03; p 0,05; β = -0,18) e depressão (R2 = 0,03, p 0,05; β = -0,19) entre os homens. Em relação às mulheres, a idade também se mostrou como uma preditora negativa dos sintomas de ansiedade (R2 = 0,05; p 0,05; β = -0,23) e dos sintomas depressivos (R2 = 0,03; p 0,05; (β = -0,17). Conclusão: existe associação inversamente proporcional da idade com os sintomas depressivos e de ansiedade dos brasileiros durante a Covid-19.
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Aman AM, García-Marín LM, Thorp JG, Campos AI, Cuellar-Partida G, Martin NG, Rentería ME. Phenome-wide screening of the putative causal determinants of depression using genetic data. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2887-2898. [PMID: 35394011 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders and one of the top causes of disability throughout the world. The present study sought to identify putative causal associations between depression and hundreds of complex human traits through a genome-wide screening of genetic data and a hypothesis-free approach. We leveraged genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics for depression and 1504 complex traits and investigated potential causal relationships using the latent causal variable method. We identified 559 traits genetically correlated with depression risk at FDR < 5%. Of these, 46 were putative causal genetic determinants of depression, including lifestyle factors, diseases of the nervous system, respiratory disorders, diseases of the musculoskeletal system, traits related to the health of the gastrointestinal system, obesity, vitamin D levels, and the use of prescription medications, among others. No phenotypes were identified as potential outcomes of depression. Our results suggest that genetic liability to multiple complex traits may contribute to a higher risk for depression. In particular, we show a putative causal genetic effect of pain, obesity, and inflammation on depression. These findings provide novel insights into the potential causal determinants of depression and should be interpreted as testable hypotheses for future studies to confirm, which may facilitate the design of new prevention strategies to reduce depression's burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma M Aman
- Institut für Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Luis M García-Marín
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane QLD Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Jackson G Thorp
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD Australia.,Translational Neurogenomics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Adrian I Campos
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Gabriel Cuellar-Partida
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Miguel E Rentería
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane QLD Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD Australia
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Oginni OA, Alanko K, Jern P, Rijsdijk FV. Increased depressive and anxiety symptoms in non-heterosexual individuals: Moderation by childhood factors using a twin design. J Affect Disord 2022; 297:508-516. [PMID: 34715170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence indicates that minority stress does not sufficiently explain mental health disparities in non-heterosexual compared to heterosexual individuals. We investigated alternative mechanisms whereby childhood factors (childhood gender nonconformity, early-life adversities and parent-child interactions) moderate the relationships between sexual orientation and depressive and anxiety symptoms. METHODS The sample comprised twin pairs from the Finnish Genetics of Sexuality and Aggression cohort (n = 3166 individuals, mean age = 37.5 ± 2.93 years). Twin analyses using structural equation modelling was performed in OpenMx. Specifically, we tested whether childhood factors differentially moderated the underlying genetic and environmental influences on the relationships between sexual orientation, and depressive and anxiety symptoms. RESULTS The associations between non-heterosexuality, and depressive and anxiety symptoms (r = 0.09, 0.10 respectively) were significantly influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The genetic influences explaining the relationships of sexual orientation with depressive and anxiety symptoms were maximal at high levels of childhood gender nonconformity (βA = 0.09 and 0.11 respectively) whereas the individual-specific environmental influences on these relationships were maximal at lower levels of childhood gender nonconformity (βE = -0.10). LIMITATIONS Childhood factors were assessed retrospectively in a cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS Childhood gender nonconformity is associated with increased genetic and decreased individual-specific environmental influences on mental health among non-heterosexual individuals. Childhood gender nonconformity may, thus, enhance genetic risk and non-genetic protective processes for depressive and anxiety symptoms among non-heterosexual individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olakunle Ayokunmi Oginni
- The Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Denmark Hill, King's College London. SE5 8AF.
| | - Katarina Alanko
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20500, Åbo, Finland
| | - Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20500, Åbo, Finland
| | - Frühling Vesta Rijsdijk
- The Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Denmark Hill, King's College London. SE5 8AF
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Subjective sleep quality before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a Brazilian rural population. Sleep Health 2021; 8:167-174. [PMID: 34924345 PMCID: PMC8675050 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prior studies have examined sleep during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, but have few compared sleep measured both during and prior to COVID. We examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on subjective sleep quality in general and separately by gender and age (<50 vs. ≥50 years). Further, we compared sleep quality between those who did and did not follow quarantine orders. METHODS This sample is from the Baependi Heart Study, a family-based cohort of adults in South-eastern Brazil. Longitudinal data were from 417 individuals who completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) twice: between January 2010 and September 2014 (pre-COVID) and during the COVID-19 stay-at-home order March-June, 2020. Cross-sectional analysis included 800 participants. RESULTS Mean (±SD) PSQI scores were significantly higher during than before COVID-19 (5.7 ± 3.8 vs. 5.0 ± 3.3, p < .01). This increase was significant among women and among adults ≥50 years but not in men or younger adults. The significant increase in PSQI was only observed in those who quarantined during COVID-19 (5.9 ±3.7 vs. 5.2 ±3.4, p < .01) and not those who did not quarantine (5.0 ± 3.7 vs. 4.5 ± 3, p = .12). In cross-sectional analyses, individuals who quarantined had higher PSQI scores than nonquarantined individuals (6.1 ± 3.9 vs. 5.0 ± 3.5, p < .01). The quarantine status-dependent differences were significant for women (6.4 ± 4 vs. 5.2 ± 3.7, p < .01) and older adults (6.6 ± 0.1 vs. 5.5 ± 3.3, p = .04). Differences by quarantine status were attenuated after adjusting for age and gender. CONCLUSIONS Subjective sleep quality declined during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly among women, older adults, and those compliant to quarantine orders.
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Migraine as a risk factor for mixed symptoms of peripartum depression and anxiety in late pregnancy: A prospective cohort study. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:733-739. [PMID: 34517247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine has been identified as a risk factor for peripartum depression. However, little is known about the contribution of anxiety to this association or potential changes throughout the peripartum period. METHODS In a sample of 4,831 women from the Biology, Affect, Stress, Imaging and Cognition cohort in Sweden, participants were asked about history of migraine prior to pregnancy. The participants completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at gestational weeks 17 and 32 and postpartum week 6. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations between migraine and symptoms of depression, anxiety or mixed depression and anxiety, while adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS In crude estimates, migraine was associated with separate and mixed symptoms of depression and anxiety at most time points. After adjustments, migraine was associated with anxiety at week 17 (adjusted odds ratio: 1.69; 95% confidence interval: 1.11-2.54) and with mixed depression and anxiety at week 32 (adjusted odds ratio: 1.45; 95% confidence interval: 1.06-1.99). None of the other associations remained statistically significant after adjustments. LIMITATIONS Migraine history was self-reported. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were based on the screening tool EPDS and not on clinical diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that migraine may be a risk factor for anxiety in mid- pregnancy and mixed symptoms of peripartum depression and anxiety in late pregnancy. Inflammatory and hormonal factors may underlie the association between migraine, depression and anxiety across the peripartum period.
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Cosci F, Fava GA. When Anxiety and Depression Coexist: The Role of Differential Diagnosis Using Clinimetric Criteria. PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS 2021; 90:308-317. [PMID: 34344013 DOI: 10.1159/000517518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Depressive and anxiety disorders are frequently associated. Depression may be a complication of anxiety and anxiety can complicate depression. The nature of their relationship has been a source of controversy. Reviews generally base their conclusions on randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses that refer to the average patient and often clash with the variety of clinical presentations that may occur when anxiety and depression coexist. The aim of this review was to examine the literature according to profiling of subgroups of patients based on clinimetric criteria, in line with the recently developed concept of medicine-based evidence. We critically reviewed the literature pertaining to the specific presentations of anxiety and depression, outlining the advantages and disadvantages of each treatment approach. The following prototypic cases were presented: depression secondary to an active anxiety disorder, depression in patients with anxiety disorders under treatment, anxious depression, anxiety as a residual component of depression, and demoralization secondary to anxiety disorder. We argue that the selection of treatment when anxiety and depression coexist should take into account the modalities of presentation and be filtered by clinical judgment. Very different indications may ensue when the literature is examined according to this perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiammetta Cosci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Giovanni A Fava
- Department of Psychiatry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, New York, New York, USA
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Ayano G, Betts K, Maravilla JC, Alati R. The risk of anxiety disorders in children of parents with severe psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2021; 282:472-487. [PMID: 33422825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have investigated the association between parental severe psychiatric disorders and anxiety disorder risk in offspring, but the findings across these studies have been inconsistent. METHODS Using the PRISMA guideline, a rigorous electronic and manual search was conducted in four electronic databases EMBASE, PubMed, PsychINFO, and Scopus to identify relevant studies. All observation studies (cohort and case-control studies) that examined the association between parental severe psychiatric disorders and the risk of offspring anxiety disorders were identified. Summary risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were synthesized using a fixed and random effect meta-analysis. RESULTS Twenty-five studies were included in the final analysis (14 cohort and 11 case-control studies). The meta-analysis showed that parental severe psychiatric disorder was associated with a higher risk of social phobia, panic, obsessive-compulsive, post-traumatic stress, separation anxiety, and generalized anxiety disorders in the offspring. When considering specific severe psychiatric disorders in parents as exposure, parental bipolar disorder was associated with an increased risk of obsessive-compulsive and generalized anxiety disorders in the offspring, whereas parental depressive disorder was associated with an increased risk of social phobia, separation anxiety, and generalized anxiety disorders in the offspring. Conversely, parental schizophrenia was not associated with offspring anxiety disorder CONCLUSION: This review suggests that the offspring of parents with severe psychiatric, bipolar, and depressive disorders are at an increased risk of developing a range of anxiety disorders. These findings suggest that targeted early screening and intervention programs are imperative in exposed offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getinet Ayano
- School of public health, Curtin University, WA, Perth, Australia; Research and Training Department, Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Kim Betts
- School of public health, Curtin University, WA, Perth, Australia.
| | | | - Rosa Alati
- School of public health, Curtin University, WA, Perth, Australia; Institute of social science research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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Owalla TJ, Ssebajjwe WJ, Muhanguzi D, Womersley JS, Kinyanda E, Kalungi A. Association of Stress, Glucocorticoid Receptor, and FK506 Binding Protein Gene Polymorphisms With Internalizing Disorders Among HIV-Infected Children and Adolescents From Kampala and Masaka Districts-Uganda. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:666426. [PMID: 34765574 PMCID: PMC8576357 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.666426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Children and adolescents living with human immunodeficiency virus (CA-HIV) suffer a considerable burden of internalizing disorders (IDs; depressive and anxiety disorders). Environmental and genetic factors have been reported to influence the vulnerability to IDs in western settings; however, their role among African populations remains inadequately explored. We investigated the individual and interactive effects of stress and single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the FK506 binding protein 5 (rs1360780) and glucocorticoid receptor (rs10482605) genes on ID status in a cohort of CA-HIV in Uganda. We genotyped rs10482605 (309 cases and 315 controls) and rs1360780 (350 cases and 335 controls) among CA-HIV with and without IDs using Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR. Socio-demographic variables, as well as allele and genotype distributions, were compared between cases and controls using chi-square tests. Genotypes were assessed for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Composite indices of recent and chronic stress classes were also generated. A hierarchical cluster analysis was used to generate cutoff points within each of the indices of recent and chronic stress. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between IDs and each of recent stress, chronic stress, and the investigated genotypes. The interaction effect of chronic/recent stress on the association between each of the polymorphisms and IDs was determined using a likelihood ratio test. We observed no significant association between IDs and rs1360780 and rs10482605 polymorphisms within the FKBP5 and glucocorticoid receptor genes, respectively (P > 0.050). Severe recent stress increased the vulnerability to IDs among CA-HIV (P = 0.001). We did not observe any gene-environment effect on vulnerability to IDs in this population. These findings support the currently held opinion that polymorphisms at single genetic loci only contribute a very small effect to the genetic vulnerability to IDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonny Jimmy Owalla
- Mental Health Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.,Med Biotech Laboratories, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Wilber Joseph Ssebajjwe
- Mental Health Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Dennis Muhanguzi
- Department of Bio-Molecular Resources and Bio-Laboratory Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Jacqueline Samantha Womersley
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.,South African Medical Research Council, Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Eugene Kinyanda
- Mental Health Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Allan Kalungi
- Mental Health Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Olatunji BO, Christian C, Strachan E, Levinson CA. Central and Peripheral Symptoms in Network Analysis are Differentially Heritable A Twin Study of Anxious Misery. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:986-994. [PMID: 32664043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that depression and anxiety disorders are genetically based. Although symptoms of these internalizing disorders tend to correlate, the degree to which the related symptoms are heritable is unclear. This overlap has been conceptualized as Anxious Misery and existing research examining similar constructs of negative affect has revealed moderate heritability. However, it is unclear if some symptoms that characterize these constructs are more heritable than others. Modeling the symptom structure of Anxious Misery and examining which symptoms are most heritable may have implications for etiological models of internalizing disorders. Accordingly, the present study employed network analysis to explore the relationships across symptoms of Anxious Misery and to test if central symptoms in the network, compared to more peripheral symptoms, differ in their heritabilities. METHODS Twin pairs (N = 1,344 pairs) with a mean age of 39 years (SD = 16 years) completed measures of anxiety and neuroticism to represent the Anxious Misery network. RESULTS Panic-related symptoms were the most central in the network and were the most heritable, with genetic factors accounting for up to 59% of phenotypic variance. Peripheral symptoms were less heritable, accounting for as little as 21% of phenotypic variance. The degree of symptom heritability was strongly correlated with the degree of centrality of a symptom in the network (r = .53). LIMITATIONS Reliance on two self-report measures to represent Anxious Misery limits the generalizability of the findings. CONCLUSIONS Central and peripheral symptoms of an Anxious Misery network may differ in degree of heritability.
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Taporoski TP, Duarte NE, Pompéia S, Sterr A, Gómez LM, Alvim RO, Horimoto ARVR, Krieger JE, Vallada H, Pereira AC, von Schantz M, Negrão AB. Heritability of semantic verbal fluency task using time-interval analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217814. [PMID: 31185027 PMCID: PMC6559646 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual variability in word generation is a product of genetic and environmental influences. The genetic effects on semantic verbal fluency were estimated in 1,735 participants from the Brazilian Baependi Heart Study. The numbers of exemplars produced in 60 s were broken down into time quartiles because of the involvement of different cognitive processes—predominantly automatic at the beginning, controlled/executive at the end. Heritability in the unadjusted model for the 60-s measure was 0.32. The best-fit model contained age, sex, years of schooling, and time of day as covariates, giving a heritability of 0.21. Schooling had the highest moderating effect. The highest heritability (0.17) was observed in the first quartile, decreasing to 0.09, 0.12, and 0.0003 in the following ones. Heritability for average production starting point (intercept) was 0.18, indicating genetic influences for automatic cognitive processes. Production decay (slope), indicative of controlled processes, was not significant. The genetic influence on different quartiles of the semantic verbal fluency test could potentially be exploited in clinical practice and genome-wide association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. P. Taporoski
- Institute of Psychiatry (LIM-23), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - N. E. Duarte
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Departmento de Matemáticas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Manizales, Colombia
| | - S. Pompéia
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo–Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A. Sterr
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - L. M. Gómez
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - R. O. Alvim
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - A. R. V. R. Horimoto
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - J. E. Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - H. Vallada
- Institute of Psychiatry (LIM-23), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A. C. Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M. von Schantz
- Institute of Psychiatry (LIM-23), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - A. B. Negrão
- Institute of Psychiatry (LIM-23), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Harrington MO, Johnson JM, Croom HE, Pennington K, Durrant SJ. The influence of REM sleep and SWS on emotional memory consolidation in participants reporting depressive symptoms. Cortex 2018; 99:281-295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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15
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Falah-Hassani K, Shiri R, Dennis CL. The prevalence of antenatal and postnatal co-morbid anxiety and depression: a meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2017; 47:2041-2053. [PMID: 28414017 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717000617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
To date, the precise prevalence of co-morbidity of anxiety and depression in the perinatal period is not well known. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of co-morbid anxiety and depression in the antenatal and postnatal periods. Systematic searches of multiple electronic databases were conducted for studies published between January 1950 and January 2016. We included 66 (24 published and 42 unpublished) studies incorporating 162 120 women from 30 countries. Prevalence of self-reported antenatal anxiety symptoms and mild to severe depressive symptoms was 9.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.8-11.2, 17 studies, n = 25 592] and of co-morbid anxiety symptoms and moderate/severe depressive symptoms was 6.3% (95% CI 4.8-7.7, 17 studies, n = 27 270). Prevalence of a clinical diagnosis of any antenatal anxiety disorder and depression was 9.3% (95% CI 4.0-14.7, 10 studies, n = 3918) and of co-morbid generalized anxiety disorder and depression was 1.7% (95% CI 0.2-3.1, three studies, n = 3085). Postnatally between 1 and 24 weeks postpartum, the prevalence of co-morbid anxiety symptoms and mild to severe depressive symptoms was 8.2% (95% CI 6.5-9.9, 15 studies, n = 14 731), while co-morbid anxiety symptoms and moderate/severe depressive symptoms was 5.7% (95% CI 4.3-7.1, 13 studies, n = 20 849). The prevalence of a clinical diagnosis of co-morbid anxiety and depression was 4.2% (95% CI 1.9-6.6, eight studies, n = 3251). Prevalence rates did not differ with regard to year of publication, country income, selection bias and attrition bias. The results suggest that co-morbid perinatal anxiety and depression are prevalent and warrant clinical attention given the potential negative child developmental consequences if left untreated. Further research is warranted to develop evidence-based interventions for prevention, identification and treatment of this co-morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Shiri
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health,Helsinki,Finland
| | - C-L Dennis
- University of Toronto,Toronto, ON,Canada
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16
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Israelsson J, Bremer A, Herlitz J, Axelsson ÅB, Cronberg T, Djärv T, Kristofferzon ML, Larsson IM, Lilja G, Sunnerhagen KS, Wallin E, Ågren S, Åkerman E, Årestedt K. Health status and psychological distress among in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors in relation to gender. Resuscitation 2017; 114:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Egan KJ, von Schantz M, Negrão AB, Santos HC, Horimoto ARVR, Duarte NE, Gonçalves GC, Soler JMP, de Andrade M, Lorenzi-Filho G, Vallada H, Taporoski TP, Pedrazzoli M, Azambuja AP, de Oliveira CM, Alvim RO, Krieger JE, Pereira AC. Cohort profile: the Baependi Heart Study-a family-based, highly admixed cohort study in a rural Brazilian town. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011598. [PMID: 27797990 PMCID: PMC5093390 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major challenge to global health. The same epidemiological transition scenario is replayed as countries develop, but with variations based on environment, culture and ethnic mixture. The Baependi Heart Study was set up in 2005 to develop a longitudinal family-based cohort study that reflects on some of the genetic and lifestyle-related peculiarities of the Brazilian populations, in order to evaluate genetic and environmental influences on CVD risk factor traits. PARTICIPANTS Probands were recruited in Baependi, a small rural town in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, following by first-degree and then increasingly more distant relatives. The first follow-up wave took place in 2010, and the second in 2016. At baseline, the study evaluated 1691 individuals across 95 families. Cross-sectional data have been collected for 2239 participants. FINDINGS TO DATE Environmental and lifestyle factors and measures relevant to cardiovascular health have been reported. Having expanded beyond cardiovascular health outcomes, the phenotype datasets now include genetics, biochemistry, anthropometry, mental health, sleep and circadian rhythms. Many of these have yielded heritability estimates, and a shared genetic background of anxiety and depression has recently been published. In spite of universal access to electricity, the population has been found to be strongly shifted towards morningness compared with metropolitan areas. FUTURE PLANS A new follow-up, marking 10 years of the study, is ongoing in 2016, in which data are collected as in 2010 (with the exception of the neuropsychiatric protocol). In addition to this, a novel questionnaire package collecting information about intelligence, personality and spirituality is being planned. The data set on circadian rhythms and sleep will be amended through additional questionnaires, actimetry, home sleep EEG recording and dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) analysis. Finally, the anthropometric measures will be expanded by adding three-dimensional facial photography, voice recording and anatomical brain MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieren J Egan
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Malcolm von Schantz
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André B Negrão
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hadassa C Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréa R V R Horimoto
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nubia E Duarte
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme C Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Júlia M P Soler
- Department of Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho
- Sleep Laboratory, Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Homero Vallada
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tâmara P Taporoski
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Pedrazzoli
- School of Arts, Science, and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P Azambuja
- Natura Innovation and Product Technology Ltd., Cajamar, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila M de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Rafael O Alvim
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - José E Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Paus T. Population neuroscience. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2016; 138:17-37. [PMID: 27637950 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-802973-2.00002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Population neuroscience endeavors to identify influences shaping the human brain from conception onwards, thus generating knowledge relevant for building and maintaining brain health throughout the life span. This can be achieved by studying large samples of participants drawn from the general population and evaluated with state-of-the-art tools for assessing (a) genes and their regulation; (b) external and internal environments; and (c) brain properties. This chapter reviews the three elements of population neuroscience (principles, tools, innovations, limitations), and discusses future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Paus
- Rotman Research Institute and Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto; Canada and Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, USA.
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