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Bakarev MA, Ivanov AA, Lushnikova EL. Clinical, Pathological, and Immunohistochemical Predictors of Cause-Specific Mortality in Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Multivariate Analysis. Bull Exp Biol Med 2024; 177:353-358. [PMID: 39134811 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-024-06188-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
The association of clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical characteristics of papillary thyroid cancer with cause-specific mortality was analyzed in a case-control study within a cohort of patients from the Altai Regional Oncology Center. According to multivariate analysis, the independent predictors of fatal outcome within 10 years after surgery in patients living in Altai region are nuclear pattern of Hsp70 expression, thyroid capsular invasion, Ki-67 expression index >7%, and patient's age >45 years for men and >50 years for women. The prognostic model based on these features contributes to a significant improvement in the individual prognostic performance for papillary thyroid cancer in the modeling sample. The model has high statistical significance (χ2=64.73; p<0.001) and discriminative power (AUC=0.950, prediction accuracy 88.5%).
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Bakarev
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - A A Ivanov
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E L Lushnikova
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
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2
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Sun YD, Zhang H, Zhu HT, Wu CX, Chen ML, Han JJ. A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing tumor progression and complications between radiofrequency ablation and thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:994728. [PMID: 36530996 PMCID: PMC9748571 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.994728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most frequent thyroid cancers worldwide. The efficacy and acceptability of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of PTC have been intensively studied. The aim of this study is to focus on extra detailed that may influent for PTC or papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We identified a total of 1,987 records of a primary literature searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar by key words, from 2000 to 2022. The outcome of studies included complication, costs, and local tumor progression. After scrutiny screening and full-text assessment, six studies were included in the systematic review. Heterogeneity was estimated using I2, and the quality of evidence was assessed for each outcome using the GRADE guidelines. RESULTS Our review enrolled 1,708 patients reported in six articles in the final analysis. There were 397 men and 1,311 women in the analysis. Two of these studies involved PTC and four focused on PTMC. There were 859 patients in the RFA group and 849 patients in the thyroidectomy group. By contrast, the tumor progression of RFA group was as same as that surgical groups [odds ratio, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.52-3.29; heterogeneity (I2 statistic), 0%, p = 0.85]. The risk of complication rates was significantly lower in the RFA group than that in the surgical group [odds ratio, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.09-0.35; heterogeneity (I2 statistic), 40%, p = 0.14]. CONCLUSIONS RFA is a safe procedure with a certain outcome for PTC. RFA can achieve a good efficacy and has a lower risk of major complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-dong Sun
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | | | - Chun-xue Wu
- Graduate School of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Miao-ling Chen
- Graduate School of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jian-jun Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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3
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Zhang L, Shi B, Hu M, Qian L. HIF-1α and Caspase-3 expression in aggressive papillary thyroid carcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:353. [PMID: 36329448 PMCID: PMC9635136 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02815-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor cells adapt to hypoxia by regulating transcription factors that involved in regulation of metabolism, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Under hypoxic conditions, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), consisting of HIF-1α and HIF-1β subunits, acts as a key transcription factor mediating the adaptive cellular responses. Caspase-3 is a key apoptosis-related protease that plays a role in tumor growth and development. Studies have shown that caspase-3 could be regulated by HIF-1α under pathological conditions. Therefore, HIF-1α and caspase-3 expression may be related to the poor prognosis of tumors. In this study, we analyzed the possible relationships between these two signaling factors in correlation with the clinical behavior of PTC. Methods We detected the expression levels of HIF-1α and caspase-3 in 70 samples of PTC and para-cancerous tissues (control group) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Furthermore, various clinicopathological parameters were assessed to determine their correlations with HIF-1α and caspase-3 expressions. Results First, HIF-1α and caspase-3 expressions (60% and 37.1%, respectively) increased significantly in the PTC samples as compared to normal tissues (2.9% for both HIF-1α and caspase-3) (p < 0.05) as determined by IHC. Second, although there was no significant difference between the expression of HIF-1α and caspase-3 in regard to gender, age distribution, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and BRAFV600E mutation (all p > 0.05), HIF-1α and caspase-3 expressions were associated with capsule invasion and cell subtypes of PTC (p < 0.05). The percent positivity of caspase-3 expression in tall-cell variant (TCV) was the highest (63.6%). Third, HIF-1α expression was positively correlated with that of caspase-3 (rs = 0.326; p < 0.05). Conclusions Overexpression of HIF-1α and caspase-3 is associated with carcinogenesis. These factors might serve as promising predictors of aggressive PTC. These findings also suggest their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Baixue Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyang Hu
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Linxue Qian
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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4
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Girolami I, Marletta S, Pantanowitz L, Torresani E, Ghimenton C, Barbareschi M, Scarpa A, Brunelli M, Barresi V, Trimboli P, Eccher A. Impact of image analysis and artificial intelligence in thyroid pathology, with particular reference to cytological aspects. Cytopathology 2020; 31:432-444. [PMID: 32248583 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thyroid pathology has great potential for automated/artificial intelligence algorithm application as the incidence of thyroid nodules is increasing and the indeterminate interpretation rate of fine-needle aspiration remains relatively high. The aim of the study is to review the published literature on automated image analysis and artificial intelligence applications to thyroid pathology with whole-slide imaging. METHODS Systematic search was carried out in electronic databases. Studies dealing with thyroid pathology and use of automated algorithms applied to whole-slide imaging were included. Quality of studies was assessed with a modified QUADAS-2 tool. RESULTS Of 919 retrieved articles, 19 were included. The main themes addressed were the comparison of automated assessment of immunohistochemical staining with manual pathologist's assessment, quantification of differences in cellular and nuclear parameters among tumour entities, and discrimination between benign and malignant nodules. Correlation coefficients with manual assessment were higher than 0.76 and diagnostic performance of automated models was comparable with an expert pathologist diagnosis. Computational difficulties were related to the large size of whole-slide images. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the results are promising and it is likely that, with the resolution of technical issues, the application of automated algorithms in thyroid pathology will increase and be adopted following suitable validation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Girolami
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Marletta
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Liron Pantanowitz
- Department of Pathology, UPMC Shadyside Hospital, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Evelin Torresani
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Ghimenton
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Brunelli
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Valeria Barresi
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Trimboli
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine and Competence Centre for Thyroid Disease, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Albino Eccher
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
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5
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Niemelä E, Desai D, Niemi R, Doroszko M, Özliseli E, Kemppainen K, Rahman NA, Sahlgren C, Törnquist K, Eriksson JE, Rosenholm JM. Nanoparticles carrying fingolimod and methotrexate enables targeted induction of apoptosis and immobilization of invasive thyroid cancer. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 148:1-9. [PMID: 31917332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic tumors are the main cause of cancer-related death, as the invading cancer cells disrupt normal functions of distant organs and are nearly impossible to eradicate by traditional cancer therapeutics. This is of special concern when the cancer has created multiple metastases and extensive surgery would be too dangerous to execute. Therefore, combination chemotherapy is often the selected treatment form. However, drug cocktails often have severe adverse effects on healthy cells, whereby the development of targeted drug delivery could minimize side-effects of drugs and increase the efficacy of the combination therapy. In this study, we utilized the folate antagonist methotrexate (MTX) as targeting ligand conjugated onto mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) for selective eradication of folate receptor-expressing invasive thyroid cancer cells. The MSNs was subsequently loaded with the drug fingolimod (FTY720), which has previously been shown to efficiently inhibit proliferation and invasion of aggressive thyroid cancer cells. To assess the efficiency of our carrier system, comprehensive in vitro methods were employed; including flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, viability assays, invasion assay, and label-free imaging techniques. The in vitro results show that MTX-conjugated and FTY720-loaded MSNs potently attenuated both the proliferation and invasion of the cancerous thyroid cells while keeping the off-target effects in normal thyroid cells reasonably low. For a more physiologically relevant in vivo approach we utilized the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay, showing decreased invasive behavior of the thyroid derived xenografts and an increased necrotic phenotype compared to tumors that received the free drug cocktail. Thus, the developed multidrug-loaded MSNs effectively induced apoptosis and immobilization of invasive thyroid cancer cells, and could potentially be used as a carrier system for targeted drug delivery for the treatment of diverse forms of aggressive cancers that expresses folate receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Niemelä
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - D Desai
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - R Niemi
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - M Doroszko
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Section for Neuro-oncology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - E Özliseli
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - K Kemppainen
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - N A Rahman
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland; Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - C Sahlgren
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - K Törnquist
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J E Eriksson
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
| | - J M Rosenholm
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
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Jin C, Huang Y, Nasim M, Yang Y, Lee L. Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Risk Stratification Utilizing Phospho-Histone H3 Evaluated by Manual Counting and Computer-Assisted Image Analysis. Int J Surg Pathol 2019; 27:706-712. [DOI: 10.1177/1066896919851866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background. Risk of progressive disease of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) relies on mitotic index, size, and location of the tumor. However, manual mitotic counting on hematoxylin and eosin–stained slides (MMC-HE) is inefficient with low reproducibility. Manual count of phospho-histone H3 (MC-PHH3)-positive cells on immunohistochemical stained slides has been shown to have comparable reliability with MMC-HE. This study aims to confirm the reliability of MC-PHH3 in GISTs compared with MMC-HE and then to further compare MC-PHH3 with computer-assisted image analysis of PHH3-positive cells (Comp-PHH3). Methods. The study included 119 patients with GISTs. PHH3 stains were performed. MC-PHH3 was assessed as counts/5 mm2 high-power fields. Whole slide images were captured and the tumor area with greatest mitotic activity was manually identified. The PHH3-positive cells were automatically counted in 0.5 mm2 using Ventana Virtuoso software. Results. MMC-HE ranged from 0 to 157/5 mm2. MC-PHH3 ranged from 0 to 35.6/5 mm2. Comp-PHH3 ranged from 0 to 66/0.5 mm2. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) indicates good agreement between the 3 pathologists for MC-PHH3 (ICC = 0.74, P = .42). There is a strong correlation between MMC-HE and MC-PHH3. The Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.63 ( P < .0001). Lin’s concordance further indicated a moderate diagnostic agreement between MC-PHH3 and Comp-PHH3. Conclusion. MC-PHH3 is proposed as a superior alternative to MMC-HE with potential application in GIST reporting and prognostication. Furthermore, Comp-PHH3 may be a valid alternative to MC-PHH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Jin
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - Yan Huang
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - Mansoor Nasim
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - Yihe Yang
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - Lili Lee
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lake Success, NY, USA
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Cui D, Zhao Y, Xu J. Activation of CXCL5-CXCR2 axis promotes proliferation and accelerates G1 to S phase transition of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells and activates JNK and p38 pathways. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 20:608-616. [PMID: 30404567 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1539289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) is initially identified to recruit neutrophils by interacting with its receptor, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2). Our prior work demonstrated that the expression levels of CXCL5 and CXCR2 were higher in the papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tumors than that in the non-tumors. This study was performed to further investigate how this axis regulates the growth of PTC cells. B-CPAP cells (BRAFV600E) and TPC-1 cells (RET/PTC rearrangement) expressing CXCR-2 were used as in vitro cell models. Our results showed that the recombinant human CXCL5 (rhCXCL5) promoted the proliferation of PTC cells. rhCXCL5 accelerated the G1/S transition, upregulated the expression of a group of S (DNA synthesis) or M (mitosis)-promoting cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and downregulated CDK inhibitors in PTC cells. The CDS region of homo sapiens CXCL5 gene was inserted into an eukaryotic expression vector to mediate the overexpression of CXCL5 in PTC cells. The phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and p38, and the nuclear translocation of c-Jun were enhanced by CXCL5 overexpression, whereas attenuated by CXCR2 antagonist SB225002. Additionally, CXCL5/CXCR2 axis, JNK and p38 pathway inhibitors, SB225002, SP600125 and SB203580, suppressed the growth of PTC cells overexpressing CXCL5 in nude mice, respectively. Collectively, our study demonstrates a growth-promoting effect of CXCL5-CXCR2 axis in PTC cells in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Cui
- a Department of Thyroid Surgery , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfu Zhao
- a Department of Thyroid Surgery , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , People's Republic of China
| | - Jingchao Xu
- a Department of Thyroid Surgery , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , People's Republic of China
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Hsieh AMY, Polyakova O, Fu G, Chazen RS, MacMillan C, Witterick IJ, Ralhan R, Walfish PG. Programmed death-ligand 1 expression by digital image analysis advances thyroid cancer diagnosis among encapsulated follicular lesions. Oncotarget 2018; 9:19767-19782. [PMID: 29731981 PMCID: PMC5929424 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recognition of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) that distinguishes them from invasive malignant encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (EFVPTC) can prevent overtreatment of NIFTP patients. We and others have previously reported that programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a useful biomarker in thyroid tumors; however, all reports to date have relied on manual scoring that is time consuming as well as subject to individual bias. Consequently, we developed a digital image analysis (DIA) protocol for cytoplasmic and membranous stain quantitation (ThyApp) and evaluated three tumor sampling methods [Systemic Uniform Random Sampling, hotspot nucleus, and hotspot nucleus/3,3'-Diaminobenzidine (DAB)]. A patient cohort of 153 cases consisting of 48 NIFTP, 44 EFVPTC, 26 benign nodules and 35 encapsulated follicular lesions/neoplasms with lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT) was studied. ThyApp quantitation of PD-L1 expression revealed a significant difference between invasive EFVPTC and NIFTP; but none between NIFTP and benign nodules. ThyApp integrated with hotspot nucleus tumor sampling method demonstrated to be most clinically relevant, consumed least processing time, and eliminated interobserver variance. In conclusion, the fully automatic DIA algorithm developed using a histomorphological approach objectively quantitated PD-L1 expression in encapsulated thyroid neoplasms and outperformed manual scoring in reproducibility and higher efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M-Y Hsieh
- Alex and Simona Shnaider Research Laboratory in Molecular Oncology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Olena Polyakova
- Alex and Simona Shnaider Research Laboratory in Molecular Oncology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Guodong Fu
- Alex and Simona Shnaider Research Laboratory in Molecular Oncology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ronald S Chazen
- Alex and Simona Shnaider Research Laboratory in Molecular Oncology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christina MacMillan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian J Witterick
- Alex and Simona Shnaider Research Laboratory in Molecular Oncology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Joseph and Mildred Sonshine Family Centre for Head and Neck Diseases, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ranju Ralhan
- Alex and Simona Shnaider Research Laboratory in Molecular Oncology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul G Walfish
- Alex and Simona Shnaider Research Laboratory in Molecular Oncology, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Joseph and Mildred Sonshine Family Centre for Head and Neck Diseases, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Endocrine Division, Sinai Health System and University of Toronto Medical School, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Liang L, Luo Y, Yang X, Zhang R, Wang H, Yang H, He Y, Chen G, Ma W, Chen J. Lowered levels of microRNA-129 and potential signaling pathways in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a determination of microRNA sequencing in 507 patients and bioinformatics analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:7511-7527. [PMID: 31966595 PMCID: PMC6965262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is one of the most common endocrine system malignancies. However, the mechanism of tumor development is unclear. microRNA-129-5p is a microRNA that plays an important role in the development of tumors. The main purpose of our article is to find the potential target genes of microRNA-129 and their pathways based on gene array, sequencing and bioinformatics studies. We obtained microRNA-129 expression and clinical associations in the TCGA database. In addition, we found a microRNA-129-related chip GSE19933, which is overexpressing microR-129-5p in thyroid cancer cell lines. The down-regulated gene is considered to be a potential target gene for microRNA-129. The target genes were predicted through 12 online tools. We performed Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of all down-regulated and predicted target genes. Furthermore, protein-protein interactions (PPI) were also analyzed for all potential genes. Finally, with intersecting down-regulated genes by overexpressed microRNA-129 and predicted target genes, the 889 genes are mainly enriched in the calcium signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, ErbB signaling pathway and Proteoglycans in cancer, etc. The role of ten hub genes is particularly prominent in PPI analysis. These genes are differentially expressed in the thyroid by immunohistochemistry. We confirmed that microRNA-129 may play a major role in PTC through the above pathways, but more experiments are still needed to prove our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Yihuan Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Hanlin Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Ultrasonography, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Ultrasonography, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Junqiang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
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