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Mao J, Chen R, Xue L, Zhu Y, Zhao L, Wang J. Metformin and chidamide synergistically suppress multiple myeloma progression and enhance lenalidomide/bortezomib sensitivity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2452-2465. [PMID: 38251764 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematological malignancy, and patients with MM are recommended to take immunomodulatory drugs such as lenalidomide along with proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib to extend survival. However, drug resistance influences the efficacy of treatment for MM. In our study, we found that metformin and chidamide both suppressed MM cell growth in a concentration- and time-dependent way (p < .001). Moreover, combined therapy with metformin and chidamide exhibited enhanced inhibition of the growth of MM cells compared with monotherapy (p < .05). Additionally, the triple-drug combination of metformin and chidamide with lenalidomide or bortezomib was used to stimulate the MM cells, and the results revealed that metformin and chidamide treatment sensitized MM cells to lenalidomide and bortezomib. As a result, the apoptosis (p < .001) together with cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase (p < .05) was stimulated by lenalidomide and bortezomib, and showed significant elevation in the triple-drug combination group compared with the lenalidomide or bortezomib treatment alone group (p < .05). Furthermore, the impacts of different drugs on glycolysis in MM cells were examined. We found that metformin and chidamide combined treatment significantly promoted glucose uptake and reduced energy production in MM cells treated with lenalidomide and bortezomib (p < .001), suggesting that metformin and chidamide affected glycolysis in MM cells and enhanced the sensitivity of lenalidomide and bortezomib in MM by regulating glucose metabolism. In conclusion, metformin and chidamide synergistically hindered MM cell growth and sensitized cells to lenalidomide/bortezomib. The findings of this study might provide novel clues to improve MM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Mao
- Department of Hematology, the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Lianguo Xue
- Department of Hematology, the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanxin Zhu
- Department of Hematology, the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lidong Zhao
- Department of Hematology, the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
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2
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Fransen M, Lismont C. Peroxisomal hydrogen peroxide signaling: A new chapter in intracellular communication research. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 78:102426. [PMID: 38237354 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.102426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a natural metabolite commonly found in aerobic organisms, plays a crucial role in numerous cellular signaling processes. One of the key organelles involved in the cell's metabolism of H2O2 is the peroxisome. In this review, we first provide a concise overview of the current understanding of H2O2 as a molecular messenger in thiol redox signaling, along with the role of peroxisomes as guardians and modulators of cellular H2O2 balance. Next, we direct our focus toward the recently identified primary protein targets of H2O2 originating from peroxisomes, emphasizing their importance in unraveling the complex interplay between peroxisomal H2O2 and cell signaling. We specifically focus on three areas: signaling through peroxiredoxin redox relay complexes, calcium signaling, and phospho-signaling. Finally, we highlight key research directions that warrant further investigation to enhance our comprehension of the molecular and biochemical mechanisms linking alterations in peroxisomal H2O2 metabolism with disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Fransen
- Laboratory of Peroxisome Biology and Intracellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 901, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Celien Lismont
- Laboratory of Peroxisome Biology and Intracellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 901, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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3
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Nguyen TT, Huy TXN, Aguilar CNT, Reyes AWB, Salad SA, Min WG, Lee HJ, Kim HJ, Lee JH, Kim S. Intracellular Growth Inhibition and Host Immune Modulation of 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole in Murine Brucellosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17352. [PMID: 38139181 PMCID: PMC10743636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Catalase, an antioxidant enzyme widely produced in mammalian cells and bacteria, is crucial to mitigating oxidative stress in hostile environments. This function enhances the intracellular survivability of various intracellular growth pathogens, including Brucella (B.) abortus. In this study, to determine whether the suppression of catalase can inhibit the intracellular growth of B. abortus, we employed 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT), a catalase inhibitor, in both RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and an ICR mouse model during Brucella infection. The intracellular growth assay indicated that 3-AT exerts growth-inhibitory effects on B. abortus within macrophages. Moreover, it contributes to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the formation of nitric oxide. Notably, 3-AT diminishes the activation of the nucleus transcription factor (NF-κB) and modulates the cytokine secretion within infected cells. In our mouse model, the administration of 3-AT reduced the B. abortus proliferation within the spleens and livers of infected mice. This reduction was accompanied by a diminished immune response to infection, as indicated by the lowered levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 and altered CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio. These results suggest the protective and immunomodulatory effects of 3-AT treatment against Brucella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Thi Nguyen
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Tran Xuan Ngoc Huy
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
- Institute of Applied Sciences, HUTECH University, 475A Dien Bien Phu St., Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City 72300, Vietnam
| | - Ched Nicole Turbela Aguilar
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Alisha Wehdnesday Bernardo Reyes
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños 4031, Philippines;
| | - Said Abdi Salad
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Won-Gi Min
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Hu-Jang Lee
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - John-Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea;
| | - Suk Kim
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
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Pellegrino E, Aylan B, Bussi C, Fearns A, Bernard EM, Athanasiadi N, Santucci P, Botella L, Gutierrez MG. Peroxisomal ROS control cytosolic Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication in human macrophages. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202303066. [PMID: 37737955 PMCID: PMC10515436 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202303066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are organelles involved in many metabolic processes including lipid metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) turnover, and antimicrobial immune responses. However, the cellular mechanisms by which peroxisomes contribute to bacterial elimination in macrophages remain elusive. Here, we investigated peroxisome function in iPSC-derived human macrophages (iPSDM) during infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). We discovered that Mtb-triggered peroxisome biogenesis requires the ESX-1 type 7 secretion system, critical for cytosolic access. iPSDM lacking peroxisomes were permissive to Mtb wild-type (WT) replication but were able to restrict an Mtb mutant missing functional ESX-1, suggesting a role for peroxisomes in the control of cytosolic but not phagosomal Mtb. Using genetically encoded localization-dependent ROS probes, we found peroxisomes increased ROS levels during Mtb WT infection. Thus, human macrophages respond to the infection by increasing peroxisomes that generate ROS primarily to restrict cytosolic Mtb. Our data uncover a peroxisome-controlled, ROS-mediated mechanism that contributes to the restriction of cytosolic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Pellegrino
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Beren Aylan
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Claudio Bussi
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Antony Fearns
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Elliott M. Bernard
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Natalia Athanasiadi
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Pierre Santucci
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Laure Botella
- Host-pathogen interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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5
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Hino C, Chan G, Jordaan G, Chang SS, Saunders JT, Bashir MT, Hansen JE, Gera J, Weisbart RH, Nishimura RN. Cellular protection from H 2O 2 toxicity by Fv-Hsp70: protection via catalase and gamma-glutamyl-cysteine synthase. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:429-439. [PMID: 37171750 PMCID: PMC10352194 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-023-01349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs), especially Hsp70 (HSPA1), have been associated with cellular protection from various cellular stresses including heat, hypoxia-ischemia, neurodegeneration, toxins, and trauma. Endogenous HSPs are often synthesized in direct response to these stresses but in many situations are inadequate in protecting cells. The present study addresses the transduction of Hsp70 into cells providing protection from acute oxidative stress by H2O2. The recombinant Fv-Hsp70 protein and two mutant Fv-Hsp70 proteins minus the ATPase domain and minus the ATPase and terminal lid domains were tested at 0.5 and 1.0 μM concentrations after two different concentrations of H2O2 treatment. All three recombinant proteins protected SH-SY5Y cells from acute H2O2 toxicity. This data indicated that the protein binding domain was responsible for cellular protection. In addition, experiments pretreating cells with inhibitors of antioxidant proteins catalase and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthase (GGCS) before H2O2 resulted in cell death despite treatment with Fv-Hsp70, implying that both enzymes were protected from acute oxidative stress after treatment with Fv-Hsp70. This study demonstrates that Fv-Hsp70 is protective in our experiments primarily by the protein-binding domain. The Hsp70 terminal lid domain was also not necessary for protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Hino
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, Loma Linda School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, Los Angeles, CA, 91343, USA
| | - Grace Chan
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, Los Angeles, CA, 91343, USA
| | - Gwen Jordaan
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, Los Angeles, CA, 91343, USA
| | - Sophia S Chang
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, Los Angeles, CA, 91343, USA
| | - Jacquelyn T Saunders
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, Los Angeles, CA, 91343, USA
| | - Mohammad T Bashir
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, Los Angeles, CA, 91343, USA
- Dept. of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - James E Hansen
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, Los Angeles, CA, 91343, USA
- Dept. of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Joseph Gera
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, Los Angeles, CA, 91343, USA
- Dept. of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Richard H Weisbart
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, Los Angeles, CA, 91343, USA
- Dept. of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Robert N Nishimura
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, Los Angeles, CA, 91343, USA.
- Dept. of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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6
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Arab M, Beyzaei H, Aryan R. One‐Pot Synthesis of 3‐Amino‐1,2,4‐triazoles Using Choline Chloride‐Urea and Their Antibacterial Activities. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Arab
- Department of Chemistry University of Zabol Zabol 3rd km of Bonjar Road
| | - Hamid Beyzaei
- Department of Chemistry University of Zabol Zabol 3rd km of Bonjar Road
| | - Reza Aryan
- Department of Chemistry University of Zabol Zabol 3rd km of Bonjar Road
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Niveditha S, Shivanandappa T. Potentiation of paraquat toxicity by inhibition of the antioxidant defenses and protective effect of the natural antioxidant, 4-hydroxyisopthalic acid in Drosophila melanogaster. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 259:109399. [PMID: 35753646 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides such as paraquat (PQ) is known to induce oxidative stress-mediated damage, which is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. The antioxidant enzymes are part of the endogenous defense mechanisms capable of protecting against oxidative damage, and down-regulation of these enzymes results in elevated oxidative stress. In this study, we have evaluated the protective action of 4-hydroxyisophthalic acid (DHA-I), a novel bioactive molecule from the roots of D. hamiltonii, against PQ toxicity and demonstrated the protective role of endogenous antioxidant enzymes under the condition of oxidative stress using Drosophila model. The activity of the major antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and catalase, was suppressed either by RNAi-mediated post transcriptional gene silencing or chemical inhibition. With the decreased in vivo activity of either SOD1 or catalase, Drosophila exhibited hypersensitivity to PQ toxicity, demonstrating the essential role of antioxidant enzymes in the mechanism of defense against PQ-induced oxidative stress. Dietary supplementation of DHA-I increased the resistance of Drosophila depleted in either SOD1 or catalase to PQ toxicity. Enhanced survival of flies against PQ toxicity indicates the protective role of DHA-I against oxidative stress-mediated damage under the condition of compromised antioxidant defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Niveditha
- Neurobiology laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - T Shivanandappa
- Neurobiology laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India.
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Wang K, Wang J, Zhang J, Zhang A, Liu Y, Zhou J, Wang X, Zhang J. Ferroptosis in Glioma Immune Microenvironment: Opportunity and Challenge. Front Oncol 2022; 12:917634. [PMID: 35832539 PMCID: PMC9273259 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.917634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common intracranial malignant tumor in adults and the 5-year survival rate of glioma patients is extremely poor, even in patients who received Stupp treatment after diagnosis and this forces us to explore more efficient clinical strategies. At this time, immunotherapy shows great potential in a variety of tumor clinical treatments, however, its clinical effect in glioma is limited because of tumor immune privilege which was induced by the glioma immunosuppressive microenvironment, so remodeling the immunosuppressive microenvironment is a practical way to eliminate glioma immunotherapy resistance. Recently, increasing studies have confirmed that ferroptosis, a new form of cell death, plays an important role in tumor progression and immune microenvironment and the crosstalk between ferroptosis and tumor immune microenvironment attracts much attention. This work summarizes the progress studies of ferroptosis in the glioma immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anke Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibo Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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9
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SOD2, a Potential Transcriptional Target Underpinning CD44-Promoted Breast Cancer Progression. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030811. [PMID: 35164076 PMCID: PMC8839817 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
CD44, a cell-adhesion molecule has a dual role in tumor growth and progression; it acts as a tumor suppressor as well as a tumor promoter. In our previous work, we developed a tetracycline-off regulated expression of CD44's gene in the breast cancer (BC) cell line MCF-7 (B5 clone). Using cDNA oligo gene expression microarray, we identified SOD2 (superoxide dismutase 2) as a potential CD44-downstream transcriptional target involved in BC metastasis. SOD2 gene belongs to the family of iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family and encodes a mitochondrial protein. SOD2 plays a role in cell proliferation and cell invasion via activation of different signaling pathways regulating angiogenic abilities of breast tumor cells. This review will focus on the findings supporting the underlying mechanisms associated with the oncogenic potential of SOD2 in the onset and progression of cancer, especially in BC and the potential clinical relevance of its various inhibitors.
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Genetic repression of the antioxidant enzymes reduces the lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster. J Comp Physiol B 2021; 192:1-13. [PMID: 34625818 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-021-01412-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a biological process associated with gradual loss of function caused by cellular and molecular damages ultimately leading to mortality. Free radicals are implicated in oxidative damage which affects the longevity of organisms. Natural cellular defenses involving antioxidant enzymes delay or prevent oxidative damage and, therefore, influence the aging process and longevity has been shown in many species including Drosophila. We and others have shown that oxidative resistance is an important mechanism in the aging process in Drosophila. Therefore, we hypothesized that repressing endogenous antioxidant defenses shortens longevity in Drosophila. To study the influence of natural defense mechanisms against oxidative stress in aging, we have investigated the effect of genetic repression of the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), on longevity in Drosophila using transgenic RNAi flies and in vivo inhibition of the enzymes with chemical inhibitors. RNAi lines of Drosophila viz., UAS-sod1-IR and UAS-cat-IR, are driven ubiquitously using Act5C-Gal4 and Tubulin-Gal4 to achieve the suppression of SOD1 and CAT activities, respectively. We show that genetic repression of SOD1 and CAT by RNAi in transgenic flies led to drastically reduced longevity (SOD1, 77%; CAT, 83%), presenting the evidence for the role of endogenous antioxidant defenses in lifespan extension in Drosophila. Further, our study shows that the enzyme inhibitors, diethyldithiocarbamate and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, although lower the enzyme activities in vivo in flies, but did not affect longevity, which could be attributed to the factors such as bioavailability and metabolism of the inhibitors and adaptive mechanisms involving de novo synthesis of the enzymes. Our study of genetic repression using transgenic RNAi provides experimental evidence that extended longevity is associated with endogenous antioxidant defenses and aging is correlated with oxidative stress resistance.
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Hanafy BI, Cave GWV, Barnett Y, Pierscionek BK. Nanoceria Prevents Glucose-Induced Protein Glycation in Eye Lens Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1473. [PMID: 34206140 PMCID: PMC8228845 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) are generally known for their recyclable antioxidative properties making them an appealing biomaterial for protecting against physiological and pathological age-related changes that are caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cataract is one such pathology that has been associated with oxidation and glycation of the lens proteins (crystallins) leading to aggregation and opacification. A novel coated nanoceria formulation has been previously shown to enter the human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) and protect them from oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In this work, the mechanism of nanoceria uptake in HLECs is studied and multiple anti-cataractogenic properties are assessed in vitro. Our results show that the nanoceria provide multiple beneficial actions to delay cataract progression by (1) acting as a catalase mimetic in cells with inhibited catalase, (2) improving reduced to oxidised glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG) in HLECs, and (3) inhibiting the non-enzymatic glucose-induced glycation of the chaperone lens protein α-crystallin. Given the multifactorial nature of cataract progression, the varied actions of nanoceria render them promising candidates for potential non-surgical therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belal I. Hanafy
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
| | - Gareth W. V. Cave
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
| | - Yvonne Barnett
- Faculty of Heath, Education, Medicine and Social Care and Pharmaceutical Research Group, Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridgeshire CB1 1PT, UK;
| | - Barbara K. Pierscionek
- Faculty of Heath, Education, Medicine and Social Care and Pharmaceutical Research Group, Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridgeshire CB1 1PT, UK;
- School of Life Science and Education, Staffordshire University College Road, Stoke on Trent ST4 2DE, UK
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12
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Nunes-Souza V, Dias-Júnior NM, Eleutério-Silva MA, Ferreira-Neves VP, Moura FA, Alenina N, Bader M, Rabelo LA. 3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole Induces Quick and Strong Fat Loss in Mice with High Fat-Induced Metabolic Syndrome. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3025361. [PMID: 32351670 PMCID: PMC7174953 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3025361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a growing epidemic with limited effective treatments and an important risk factor for several diseases such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATZ), an inhibitor of catalase and heme synthesis, in a murine model for MetS. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice with high-fat diet-induced MetS received ATZ (500 mg·kg-1·24 h-1) for 12 weeks. RESULTS The HFD group showed increased blood pressure and body weight, enhanced fat deposition accompanied by an increase in adipocyte diameter, and decreased lipolysis in white adipose tissue (WAT). The expression of genes related to inflammation was increased in WAT of the HFD group. Concurrently, these mice exhibited an increase in leptin, nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA), insulin, and glucose in plasma, coupled with glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Strikingly, ATZ prevented the increase in blood pressure and the HFD-induced obesity as observed by lower body weight, WAT index, triglycerides, NEFA, and leptin in plasma. ATZ treatment also prevented the HFD-induced increase in adipocyte diameter and even induced marked atrophy and the accumulation of macrophages in this tissue. ATZ treatment also improved glucose metabolism by increasing glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, GLUT4 mRNA expression in WAT in parallel to decreased insulin levels. CONCLUSIONS In the context of HFD-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome, the fat loss induced by ATZ is probably due to heme synthesis inhibition, which blocks adipogenesis by probably decreased RevErbα activity, leading to apoptosis of adipocytes and the recruitment of macrophages. As a consequence of fat loss, ATZ elicits a beneficial systemic antiobesity effect and improves the metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Nunes-Souza
- Laboratório de Reatividade Cardiovascular, Setor de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
- Núcleo de Síndrome Metabólica, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Biociências (CB), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Nelson Miguel Dias-Júnior
- Laboratório de Reatividade Cardiovascular, Setor de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
- Núcleo de Síndrome Metabólica, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antônio Eleutério-Silva
- Laboratório de Reatividade Cardiovascular, Setor de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
- Núcleo de Síndrome Metabólica, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Vanessa P Ferreira-Neves
- Laboratório de Reatividade Cardiovascular, Setor de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
- Núcleo de Síndrome Metabólica, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Andréa Moura
- Faculdade de Nutrição (FANUT), Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Natalia Alenina
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Luíza A Rabelo
- Laboratório de Reatividade Cardiovascular, Setor de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
- Núcleo de Síndrome Metabólica, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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Multitarget Anticancer Agents Based on Histone Deacetylase and Protein Kinase CK2 inhibitors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071497. [PMID: 32218358 PMCID: PMC7180456 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of multitarget drugs (MTDs) has become an innovative approach for the search of effective treatments in complex diseases such as cancer. In this work, we communicate our efforts in the design of multi-targeting histone deacetylase (HDAC) and protein kinase CK2 inhibitors as a novel therapeutic strategy against cancer. Using tetrabromobenzotriazole (TBB) and 2-dimethylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-benzimidazole (DMAT) as scaffolds for CK2 inhibition, and a hydroxamate to coordinate the zinc atom present in the active site of HDAC (zinc binding group, ZBG), new multitarget inhibitors have been designed and synthesized. According to the in vitro assays, N-Hydroxy-6-(4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-2-(dimethylamino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)hexanamide (11b) is the most interesting compound, with IC50 values of 0.66; 1.46 and 3.67 µM. for HDAC6; HDAC1 and CK2; respectively. Cellular assays on different cancer cell lines rendered promising results for N-Hydroxy-8-(4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-2-(dimethylamino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)octanamide (11d). This inhibitor presented the highest cytotoxic activity, proapoptotic capability, and the best mitochondria-targeting and multidrug-circumventing properties, thus being the most promising drug candidate for further in vivo studies.
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14
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Sang Y, Cao F, Li W, Zhang L, You Y, Deng Q, Dong K, Ren J, Qu X. Bioinspired Construction of a Nanozyme-Based H 2O 2 Homeostasis Disruptor for Intensive Chemodynamic Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:5177-5183. [PMID: 32100536 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The insufficient intracellular H2O2 level in tumor cells is closely associated with the limited efficacy of chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Despite tremendous efforts, engineering CDT agents with a straightforward and secure H2O2 supplying ability remains a great challenge. Inspired by the balance of H2O2 generation and elimination in cancer cells, herein, a nanozyme-based H2O2 homeostasis disruptor is fabricated to elevate the intracellular H2O2 level through facilitating H2O2 production and restraining H2O2 elimination for enhanced CDT. In the formulation, the disruptor with superoxide dismutase-mimicking activity can convert O2•- to H2O2, promoting the production of H2O2. Simultaneously, the suppression of catalase activity and depletion of glutathione by the disruptor weaken the transformation of H2O2 to H2O. Thus, the well-defined system could perturb the H2O2 balance and give rise to the accumulation of H2O2 in cancer cells. The raised H2O2 level would ultimately amplify the Fenton-like reaction-based CDT efficiency. Our work not only paves a way to engineer alternative CDT agents with a H2O2 supplying ability for intensive CDT but also provides new insights into the construction of bioinspired materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjuan Sang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, People's Republic of China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Cao
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, People's Republic of China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawen You
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, People's Republic of China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Deng
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, People's Republic of China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Dong
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsong Ren
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Qu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, People's Republic of China
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Lismont C, Koster J, Provost S, Baes M, Van Veldhoven PP, Waterham HR, Fransen M. Deciphering the potential involvement of PXMP2 and PEX11B in hydrogen peroxide permeation across the peroxisomal membrane reveals a role for PEX11B in protein sorting. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1861:182991. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Oriolo G, Blanco-Hinojo L, Navines R, Mariño Z, Martín-Hernández D, Cavero M, Gimenez D, Caso J, Capuron L, Forns X, Pujol J, Sola R, Martin-Santos R. Association of chronic inflammation and perceived stress with abnormal functional connectivity in brain areas involved with interoception in hepatitis C patients. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 80:204-218. [PMID: 30872094 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sickness behavioral changes elicited by inflammation may become prolonged and dysfunctional in patients with chronic disease, such as chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Neuroimaging studies show that the basal ganglia and insula are sensitive to systemic inflammation. AIM To elucidate the clinical and neurobiological aspects of prolonged illnesses in patients with CHC. METHODS Thirty-five CHC patients not treated with interferon-α or other antiviral therapy, and 30 control subjects matched for age and sex, were evaluated for perceived stress (perceived stress scale; PSS), depression (PHQ-9), fatigue and irritability through a visual analog scale (VAS), as well as serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and oxidative stress markers. Functional MRI was performed, measuring resting-state functional connectivity using a region-of-interest (seed)-based approach focusing on the bilateral insula, subgenual anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral putamen. Between-group differences in functional connectivity patterns were assessed with two-sample t-tests, while the associations between symptoms, inflammatory markers and functional connectivity patterns were analyzed with multiple regression analyses. RESULTS CHC patients had higher PSS, PHQ-9 and VAS scores for fatigue and irritability, as well as increased IL-6 levels, PGE2 concentrations and antioxidant system activation compared to controls. PSS scores positively correlated with functional connectivity between the right anterior insula and right putamen, whereas PHQ-9 scores correlated with functional connectivity between most of the seeds and the right anterior insula. PGE2 (positively) and IL-6 (negatively) correlated with functional connectivity between the right anterior insula and right caudate nucleus and between the right ventral putamen and right putamen/globus pallidus. PGE2 and PSS scores accounted for 46% of the variance in functional connectivity between the anterior insula and putamen. CONCLUSIONS CHC patients exhibited increased perceived stress and depressive symptoms, which were associated with changes in inflammatory marker levels and in functional connectivity between the insula and putamen, areas involved in interoceptive integration, emotional awareness, and orientation of motivational state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Oriolo
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Blanco-Hinojo
- MRI Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, CIBERSAM, G21, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Navines
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zoe Mariño
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Centro Investigacion Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Martín-Hernández
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, CIBERSAM, Imas12, IUINQ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Myriam Cavero
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolors Gimenez
- Liver Section, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Grup de Recerca Hepatológica, FIMIM, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Caso
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, CIBERSAM, Imas12, IUINQ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucile Capuron
- INRA, Laboratory of Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology (NutriNeuro), UMR 1286, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, Laboratory of Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology (NutriNeuro), UMR 1286, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Xavier Forns
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Centro Investigacion Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesus Pujol
- MRI Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, CIBERSAM, G21, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Sola
- Liver Section, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Grup de Recerca Hepatológica, FIMIM, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rocio Martin-Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Chowdhury KD, Sarkar A, Chatterjee S, Patra D, Sengupta D, Banerjee S, Chakraborty P, Sadhukhan GC. Cathepsin B mediated scramblase activation triggers cytotoxicity and cell cycle arrest by andrographolide to overcome cellular resistance in cisplatin resistant human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 68:120-132. [PMID: 30889542 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide regimen in single or in combination with anticancer drugs is a promising new strategy to reverse chemoresistance in heaptocellular carcinoma. Apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) may regulate a complementary, cooperative or redundant pathway, along with caspase cascades. Despite these findings, mechanisms underlying caspase-dependent and-independent signaling pathways in andrographolide -induced apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2CR) remain unclear. Andrographolide treatment effectively reduced NF-κβ nuclear localization by modulating protein kinase A- protein phosphatase 2 A- Iκβ kinase (PKA/PP2 A/IKK) axis that in turn maintains initiator caspase8 activity. Lysosomal distribution of tBid stimulates cytosolic cathepsin B resulting accumulation of truncated-AIF with induction in scramblase mediated phosphatidylserine exposure in HepG2CR cells. Andrographolide treatment thereby switch on subG1 phase arrest by modulating cellular check points (cyclin A, B, cyclin dependent kinase-1) cueing to the apoptosis event. Collectively, this study suggested antineoplastic potential of andrographolide through PKA/PP2 A/IKK pathway in HepG2CR cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustav Dutta Chowdhury
- Cyto-genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Rammohan College, 102/1, Raja Rammohan Sarani, Kolkata, 700 009, India
| | - Avik Sarkar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Tripura University, India
| | - Sujan Chatterjee
- Molecular Biology and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar College, Kolkata, 700006, India
| | - Debajyoti Patra
- Molecular Biology and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar College, Kolkata, 700006, India
| | | | - Soumi Banerjee
- Cyto-genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Rammohan College, 102/1, Raja Rammohan Sarani, Kolkata, 700 009, India
| | - Pratip Chakraborty
- Department of Infertility, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, HB-36/A/3, Salt Lake, Sector-III, Kolkata, 700106, India
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18
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Fransen M, Lismont C. Redox Signaling from and to Peroxisomes: Progress, Challenges, and Prospects. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:95-112. [PMID: 29433327 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Peroxisomes are organelles that are best known for their role in cellular lipid and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) metabolism. Emerging evidence suggests that these organelles serve as guardians and modulators of cellular redox balance, and that alterations in their redox metabolism may contribute to aging and the development of chronic diseases such as neurodegeneration, diabetes, and cancer. Recent Advances: H2O2 is an important signaling messenger that controls many cellular processes by modulating protein activity through cysteine oxidation. Somewhat surprisingly, the potential involvement of peroxisomes in H2O2-mediated signaling processes has been overlooked for a long time. However, recent advances in the development of live-cell approaches to monitor and modulate spatiotemporal fluxes in redox species at the subcellular level have opened up new avenues for research in redox biology and boosted interest in the concept of peroxisomes as redox signaling platforms. CRITICAL ISSUES This review first introduces the reader to what is known about the role of peroxisomes in cellular H2O2 production and clearance, with a focus on mammalian cells. Next, it briefly describes the benefits and drawbacks of current strategies used to investigate the complex interplay between peroxisome metabolism and cellular redox state. Furthermore, it integrates and critically evaluates literature dealing with the interrelationship between peroxisomal redox metabolism, cell signaling, and human disease. FUTURE DIRECTIONS As the precise molecular mechanisms underlying many of these associations are still poorly understood, a key focus for future research should be the identification of primary targets for peroxisome-derived H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Fransen
- Laboratory of Lipid Biochemistry and Protein Interactions, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Celien Lismont
- Laboratory of Lipid Biochemistry and Protein Interactions, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
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19
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Singh R, Singh S. Redox-dependent catalase mimetic cerium oxide-based nanozyme protect human hepatic cells from 3-AT induced acatalasemia. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 175:625-635. [PMID: 30583218 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recently, CeNPs have emerged as an effective therapeutic agent due to their redox-active nature encompassing the ability to switch between +4 or +3 oxidation states of surface "Ce" atoms. CeNPs with predominantly high Ce +4 oxidation state have been shown to exhibit biological catalase enzyme-like activity. Catalase enzyme is naturally present in mammalian cells and facilitates the protection from reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated due to decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Inactivation of cellular catalase enzyme is known to cause several diseases such as acatalasemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and vitiligo. In this study, we have artificially inhibited the activity of cellular catalase enzyme from human liver cells (WRL-68) using 3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole (3-AT). Further, CeNPs was used for imparting protective effect against the deleterious effects of elevated cellular H2O2 concentration. Our results suggest that CeNPs (+4) can protect hepatic cells from cytotoxicity and genetic damage from the high concentrations of H2O2 in the absence of functional catalase enzyme. CeNPs were efficiently internalized in WRL-68 cells and effectively scavenge the free radicals generated due to elevated H2O2 inside the cells. Additionally, CeNPs were also shown to protect cells from undergoing early apoptosis and DNA damage induced due to the 3-AT exposure. Moreover, CeNPs did not elicit the natural antioxidant defense system of the cells even in the absence of functional catalase enzyme, suggesting that the observed protection was due to the H2O2 degradation activity of CeNPs (+4). Our finding substantiates the reinforcement of CeNPs as pharmacological agents for the treatment of diseases related to nonfunctional biological catalase enzyme in the mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragini Singh
- Division of Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Science, Ahmedabad University, Central campus, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Division of Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Science, Ahmedabad University, Central campus, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
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Aguilera G, Colín-González AL, Rangel-López E, Chavarría A, Santamaría A. Redox Signaling, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegeneration. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1626-1651. [PMID: 28467722 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Production of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is part of the defense system that mostly microglia and macrophages display to induce normal signaling to counteract the deleterious actions of invading pathogens in the brain. Also, redox activity in the central nervous system (CNS) constitutes an integral part of the metabolic processes needed by cells to exert their normal molecular and biochemical functions. Under normal conditions, the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and the following oxidative activity encounter a healthy balance with immunological responses to preserve cell functions in the brain. However, under different pathological conditions, inflammatory responses recruit pro-oxidant signals and vice versa. The aim of this article is to review the basic concepts about the triggering of inflammatory and oxidative responses in the CNS. Recent Advances: Diverse concurrent toxic pathways are described to provide a solid mechanistic scope for considering intervention at the experimental and clinical levels that are aimed at diminishing the harmful actions of these two contributing factors to nerve cell damage. Critical Issues and Future Directions: The main conclusion supports the existence of a narrow cross-talk between pro-inflammatory and oxidative signals that can lead to neuronal damage and subsequent neurodegeneration. Further investigation about critical pathways crosslinking oxidative stress and inflammation will strength our knowlegde on this topic. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1626-1651.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Aguilera
- 1 Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Laura Colín-González
- 1 Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edgar Rangel-López
- 1 Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anahí Chavarría
- 2 Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Abel Santamaría
- 1 Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía , Mexico City, Mexico
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Meng S, Zhao Y, Xue J, Zheng X. Environment-dependent conformation investigation of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT): Raman Spectroscopy and density functional theory. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 190:478-485. [PMID: 28963972 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the paper, diverse tautomers of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3AT) in solid and polar solvent have been explored by FT-IR, FT-Raman and 488nm Raman experiments combing with quantum chemical theoretical calculation using PCM solvent model and normal mode analysis. The vibrational spectra prefer the 3-amino-1,2,4-2H-triazole (2H-3AT) dimer in solid, while in a polar solvent 3AT is apt to the 3-amino-1,2,4-2H-triazole (2H-3AT) monomer. The significant wavenumber difference and Raman intensity patterns in solid and different solvents are induced by hydrogen bond perturbation along >NH⋯N≤ hydrogen bonds on five-membered N-heterocyclic ring. The ground state proton transfer reaction mechanism along the five-membered N-heterocyclic ring is supported by intermolecular hydrogen bonding between 3AT and protonic solvent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Meng
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center for Eco-dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Key Laboratory of Advanced Textiles Materials and Manufacture Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yanying Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center for Eco-dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Key Laboratory of Advanced Textiles Materials and Manufacture Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Jiadan Xue
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center for Eco-dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Key Laboratory of Advanced Textiles Materials and Manufacture Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xuming Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center for Eco-dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Key Laboratory of Advanced Textiles Materials and Manufacture Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
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3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole Limits the Oxidative Damage in UVA-Irradiated Dysplastic Keratinocytes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2017:4872164. [PMID: 29387721 PMCID: PMC5745652 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4872164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by UVA irradiation affect the keratinocyte cell membrane, DNA, and proteins and may cause serious injury to the skin. Treating human dysplastic keratinocytes (DOK) with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AMT), a common catalase inhibitor, induced a compensatory mechanism for the hydrogen peroxide detoxification, which included a rise in glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities. Here, we examined a possible role of AMT in protecting a human DOK cell line against UVA-induced damage. In DOK cells exposed to UVA irradiation, we observed a substantial decrease in antioxidant enzymatic activities, such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione-S-transferase and an increase in lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation levels. Treating DOK cells with AMT prior to UVA exposure enhanced the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione-S-transferase, relative to nontreated cells. The enhanced antioxidant activities were correlated with decreased protein oxidation levels. Based on these results, we suggest that AMT may protect dysplastic keratinocytes against the harmful effects of UVA radiation.
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Peroxisomes and Cellular Oxidant/Antioxidant Balance: Protein Redox Modifications and Impact on Inter-organelle Communication. Subcell Biochem 2018; 89:435-461. [PMID: 30378035 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-2233-4_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Disturbances in cellular redox balance have been associated with pro-aging mechanisms and increased risk for various chronic disease states. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that peroxisomes are central players in cellular redox metabolism. Nevertheless, the potential role of this organelle as intracellular redox signaling platform has been largely overlooked for a long time. Fortunately, this situation is now changing. This review provides a snapshot of the current progress in the field, with an emphasis on the situation in mammals. We first briefly introduce the basics of redox biology and how reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can drive cellular signaling events. Next, we discuss current evidence linking peroxisome (dys)function to redox signaling, both in health and disease. We also highlight what is currently known about the downstream targets of peroxisome-derived oxidants. In addition, we present an extensive list of proteins that are involved in peroxisome functioning and have been identified as being responsive to oxidative stress in large scale redox proteomics studies. Finally, we address how changes in peroxisomal redox state may impact on functional mechanisms underlying inter-organelle communication. Gaining more insight into these mechanisms is key to our understanding of how peroxisomes are embedded in cellular signaling networks implicated in aging and diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Moreno-Navarrete JM, Rodríguez A, Ortega F, Becerril S, Girones J, Sabater-Masdeu M, Latorre J, Ricart W, Frühbeck G, Fernández-Real JM. Heme Biosynthetic Pathway is Functionally Linked to Adipogenesis via Mitochondrial Respiratory Activity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2017; 25:1723-1733. [PMID: 28857503 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate key enzymes of heme biosynthesis in human adipocytes and adipose tissue (AT). METHODS Heme biosynthesis-related gene expression (ALAS1, ALAD, HMBS) was investigated in whole AT from humans (n = 178 and n = 75) and rats according to obesity status and during adipogenesis of human preadipocytes. The effects of aminotriazole (an ALAD inhibitor) and of ALAD knockdown were also studied. RESULTS Consistent heme biosynthesis-related gene expression was detected in both subcutaneous AT (SAT) and visceral AT (VAT) and was significantly increased in SAT. ALAS1, ALAD, and HMBS mRNAs were positively associated with adipogenic gene expression in human AT and significantly decreased in subjects with obesity. These results were replicated in an independent cohort. Both SAT and VAT heme levels were positively correlated with ALAS1, ALAD, and HMBS mRNAs. ALAD and HMBS were mainly expressed in adipocytes and increased during differentiation of human adipocytes in parallel to adipogenic genes. In rats, high-fat diet-induced weight gain resulted in decreased Alad and Hmbs mRNAs in a similar way to what was observed with Adipoq. Aminotriazole administration or ALAD knockdown attenuated adipogenesis in parallel with decreased glucose uptake and impaired mitochondrial respiratory function during human adipocyte differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Current data suggest a possible role of heme biosynthesis in human adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Girona, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco Ortega
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Girona, Spain
| | - Sara Becerril
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jordi Girones
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Mònica Sabater-Masdeu
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Girona, Spain
| | - Jéssica Latorre
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Girona, Spain
| | - Wifredo Ricart
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Girona, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Girona, Spain
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25
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Heit C, Marshall S, Singh S, Yu X, Charkoftaki G, Zhao H, Orlicky DJ, Fritz KS, Thompson DC, Vasiliou V. Catalase deletion promotes prediabetic phenotype in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 103:48-56. [PMID: 27939935 PMCID: PMC5513671 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is produced endogenously and can be toxic to living organisms by inducing oxidative stress and cell damage. However, it has also been identified as a signal transduction molecule. By metabolizing hydrogen peroxide, catalase protects cells and tissues against oxidative damage and may also influence signal transduction mechanisms. Studies suggest that acatalasemic individuals (i.e., those with very low catalase activity) have a higher risk for the development of diabetes. We now report catalase knockout (Cat-/-) mice, when fed a normal (6.5% lipid) chow, exhibit an obese phenotype that manifests as an increase in body weight that becomes more pronounced with age. The mice demonstrate altered hepatic and muscle lipid deposition, as well as increases in serum and hepatic triglycerides (TGs), and increased hepatic transcription and protein expression of PPARγ. Liver morphology revealed steatosis with inflammation. Cat-/- mice also exhibited pancreatic morphological changes that correlated with impaired glucose tolerance and increased fasting serum insulin levels, conditions consistent with pre-diabetic status. RNA-seq analyses revealed a differential expression of pathways and genes in Cat-/- mice, many of which are related to metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and obesity, such as Pparg and Cidec. In conclusion, the results of the present study show mice devoid of catalase develop an obese, pre-diabetic phenotype and provide compelling evidence for catalase (or its products) being integral in metabolic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Heit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Stephanie Marshall
- Department of Environmental Health Services, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 60 College St, New Haven CT 06520-8034, USA
| | - Surrendra Singh
- Department of Environmental Health Services, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 60 College St, New Haven CT 06520-8034, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven CT 06520, USA
| | - Georgia Charkoftaki
- Department of Environmental Health Services, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 60 College St, New Haven CT 06520-8034, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven CT 06520, USA
| | - David J Orlicky
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristofer S Fritz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - David C Thompson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Services, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 60 College St, New Haven CT 06520-8034, USA.
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Cell Models and Their Application for Studying Adipogenic Differentiation in Relation to Obesity: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071040. [PMID: 27376273 PMCID: PMC4964416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last several years, the increasing prevalence of obesity has favored an intense study of adipose tissue biology and the precise mechanisms involved in adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis. Adipocyte commitment and differentiation are complex processes, which can be investigated thanks to the development of diverse in vitro cell models and molecular biology techniques that allow for a better understanding of adipogenesis and adipocyte dysfunction associated with obesity. The aim of the present work was to update the different animal and human cell culture models available for studying the in vitro adipogenic differentiation process related to obesity and its co-morbidities. The main characteristics, new protocols, and applications of the cell models used to study the adipogenesis in the last five years have been extensively revised. Moreover, we depict co-cultures and three-dimensional cultures, given their utility to understand the connections between adipocytes and their surrounding cells in adipose tissue.
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27
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Shi KL, Qian JY, Qi L, Mao DB, Chen Y, Zhu Y, Guo XG. Atorvastatin antagonizes the visfatin-induced expression of inflammatory mediators via the upregulation of NF-κB activation in HCAECs. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:1438-1444. [PMID: 27446449 PMCID: PMC4950623 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated whether atorvastatin antagonizes the visfatin-induced expression of inflammatory mediators in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). Several analysis methods, such as reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis and H2DCFDA incubation, were used in the present study. The data showed that atorvastatin decreased the visfatin-induced expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in HCAECs. In addition, atorvastatin inhibited the visfatin-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in HCAECs. In addition, the present study found that atorvastatin inhibited the visfatin-activated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signal pathway by preventing extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation in HCAECs. Atorvastatin significantly inhibited visfatin-induced NF-κB activity via the upregulation of reactive oxygen species production. Atorvastatin, a visfatin antagonist (FK866) and an NF-κB inhibitor (BAY11-7082) decreased the visfatin-induced expression of inflammatory mediators via the upregulation of NF-κB activation in HCAECs. These results suggest that atorvastatin may inhibit the visfatin-induced upregulation of inflammatory mediators through blocking the NF-κB signal pathway. The findings of the present study provide a potential use for atorvastatin and visfatin in the pathogenesis of HCAEC dysfunction. This knowledge may contribute to the development of novel therapies for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Lei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Ju-Ying Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan Universtiy, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Ding-Biao Mao
- Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan Universtiy, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Gui Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
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