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Agostini F, Vicinanza C, Lombardi E, Da Ros F, Marangon M, Massarut S, Mazzucato M, Durante C. Ex vivo expansion in a clinical grade medium, containing growth factors from human platelets, enhances migration capacity of adipose stem cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1404228. [PMID: 38812519 PMCID: PMC11135042 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1404228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adipose tissue mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (ASC) can be used as advanced therapy medicinal product in regenerative and cancer medicine. We previously demonstrated Supernatant Rich in Growth Factors (SRGF) can replace fetal bovine serum (FBS) to expand ASC by a clinical grade compliant protocol. The therapeutic potential of ASC is based also on their homing capacity toward inflammatory/cancer sites: oriented cell migration is a fundamental process in this scenario. We investigated the impact of SRGF on ASC migration properties. Methods The motility/migration potential of ASC expanded in 5% SRGF was analyzed, in comparison to 10% FBS, by standard wound healing, bidimensional chemotaxis and transwell assays, and by millifluidic transwell tests. Mechanisms involved in the migration process were investigated by transient protein overexpression. Results In comparison to standard 10% FBS, supplementation of the cell culture medium with 5% SRGF, strongly increased migration properties of ASC along the chemotactic gradient and toward cancer cell derived soluble factors, both in static and millifluidic conditions. We showed that, independently from applied migratory stimulus, SRGF expanded ASC were characterized by far lower expression of α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), a protein involved in the cell migration machinery. Overexpression of αSMA induced a significant and marked decrease in migration capacity of SRGF expanded ASC. Discussion In conclusion, 5% SRGF addition in the cell culture medium increases the migration potential of ASC, reasonably through appropriate downregulation of αSMA. Thus, SRGF could potentially improve the therapeutic impact of ASC, both as modulators of the immune microenviroment or as targeted drug delivery vehicles in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Agostini
- Stem Cell Unit, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Carla Vicinanza
- Stem Cell Unit, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Da Ros
- Stem Cell Unit, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Miriam Marangon
- Stem Cell Unit, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Samuele Massarut
- Breast Cancer Surgery Unit, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Mario Mazzucato
- Stem Cell Unit, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Cristina Durante
- Stem Cell Unit, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
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Trinh J, Shin J, Rai V, Agrawal DK. Targeting Oncostatin M Receptor to Attenuate Carotid Artery Plaque Vulnerability in Hypercholesterolemic Microswine. CARDIOLOGY AND CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2024; 8:206-214. [PMID: 38817407 PMCID: PMC11138392 DOI: 10.26502/fccm.92920380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to acute embolism via the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Plaque formation is first induced by fatty deposition along the arterial intima. Inflammation, bacterial infection, and the released endotoxins can lead to dysfunction and phenotypic changes of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), advancing the plaque from stable to unstable form and prone to rupture. Stable plaques are characterized by increased VSMCs and less inflammation while vulnerable plaques develop due to chronic inflammation and less VSMCs. Oncostatin M (OSM), an inflammatory cytokine, plays a role in endothelial cells and VSMC proliferation. This effect of OSM could be modulated by p27KIP1, a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor. However, the role of OSM in plaque vulnerability has not been investigated. To better understand the role of OSM and its downstream signaling including p27KIP1 in plaque vulnerability, we characterized the previously collected carotid arteries from hyperlipidemic Yucatan microswine using hematoxylin and eosin stain, Movat Pentachrome stain, and gene and protein expression of OSM and p27KIP1 using immunostaining and real-time polymerase chain reaction. OSM and p27KIP1 expression in carotid arteries with angioplasty and treatment with either scrambled peptide or LR12, an inhibitor of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell (TREM)-1, were compared between the experimental groups and with contralateral carotid artery. The results of this study elucidated the presence of OSM and p27KIP1 in carotid arteries with plaque and their association with arterial plaque and vulnerability. The findings suggest that targeting OSM and p27KIP1 axis regulating VSMC proliferation may have therapeutic significance to stabilize plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Trinh
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91763, USA
| | - Jennifer Shin
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91763, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91763, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91763, USA
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3
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Freise L, Behncke RY, Allerkamp HH, Sandermann TH, Chu NH, Funk EM, Hondrich LJ, Riedel A, Witzel C, Hansmeier NR, Danyel M, Gellhaus A, Dechend R, Hägerling R. Three-Dimensional Histological Characterization of the Placental Vasculature Using Light Sheet Microscopy. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1009. [PMID: 37371590 DOI: 10.3390/biom13061009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The placenta is the first embryonic organ, representing the connection between the embryo and the mother, and is therefore necessary for the embryo's growth and survival. To meet the ever-growing need for nutrient and gas exchange, the maternal spiral arteries undergo extensive remodeling, thus increasing the uteroplacental blood flow by 16-fold. However, the insufficient remodeling of the spiral arteries can lead to severe pregnancy-associated disorders, including but not limited to pre-eclampsia. Insufficient endovascular trophoblast invasion plays a key role in the manifestation of pre-eclampsia; however, the underlying processes are complex and still unknown. Classical histopathology is based on two-dimensional section microscopy, which lacks a volumetric representation of the vascular remodeling process. To further characterize the uteroplacental vascularization, a detailed, non-destructive, and subcellular visualization is beneficial. In this study, we use light sheet microscopy for optical sectioning, thus establishing a method to obtain a three-dimensional visualization of the vascular system in the placenta. By introducing a volumetric visualization method of the placenta, we could establish a powerful tool to deeply investigate the heterogeneity of the spiral arteries during the remodeling process, evaluate the state-of-the-art treatment options, effects on vascularization, and, ultimately, reveal new insights into the underlying pathology of pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Freise
- Research Group 'Lymphovascular Medicine and Translational 3D-Histopathology', Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rose Yinghan Behncke
- Research Group 'Lymphovascular Medicine and Translational 3D-Histopathology', Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanna Helene Allerkamp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Tim Henrik Sandermann
- Research Group 'Lymphovascular Medicine and Translational 3D-Histopathology', Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ngoc Hai Chu
- Research Group 'Lymphovascular Medicine and Translational 3D-Histopathology', Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eva Maria Funk
- Research Group 'Lymphovascular Medicine and Translational 3D-Histopathology', Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Jonathan Hondrich
- Research Group 'Lymphovascular Medicine and Translational 3D-Histopathology', Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alina Riedel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Witzel
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nils Rouven Hansmeier
- Research Group 'Lymphovascular Medicine and Translational 3D-Histopathology', Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Research Group 'Development and Disease', Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestraße 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Magdalena Danyel
- Research Group 'Lymphovascular Medicine and Translational 3D-Histopathology', Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Academy, Clinician Scientist Program, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexandra Gellhaus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dechend
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a Cooperation of Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Lindenbergerweg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- HELIOS Klinikum, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - René Hägerling
- Research Group 'Lymphovascular Medicine and Translational 3D-Histopathology', Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Research Group 'Development and Disease', Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestraße 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Academy, Clinician Scientist Program, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Lu CW, Lee CJ, Hsieh YJ, Hsu BG. Empagliflozin Attenuates Vascular Calcification in Mice with Chronic Kidney Disease by Regulating the NFR2/HO-1 Anti-Inflammatory Pathway through AMPK Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10016. [PMID: 37373164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is associated with increased cardiovascular risks in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, such as empagliflozin, can improve cardiovascular and renal outcomes. We assessed the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in inorganic phosphate-induced VC in mouse vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to investigate the mechanisms underlying empagliflozin's therapeutic effects. We evaluated biochemical parameters, mean artery pressure (MAP), pulse wave velocity (PWV), transcutaneous glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and histology in an in vivo mouse model with VC induced by an oral high-phosphorus diet following a 5/6 nephrectomy in ApoE-/- mice. Compared to the control group, empagliflozin-treated mice showed significant reductions in blood glucose, MAP, PWV, and calcification, as well as increased calcium and GFR levels. Empagliflozin inhibited osteogenic trans-differentiation by decreasing inflammatory cytokine expression and increasing AMPK, Nrf2, and HO-1 levels. Empagliflozin mitigates high phosphate-induced calcification in mouse VSMCs through the Nrf2/HO-1 anti-inflammatory pathway by activating AMPK. Animal experiments suggested that empagliflozin reduces VC in CKD ApoE-/- mice on a high-phosphate diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wen Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Jen Lee
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Hsieh
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
| | - Bang-Gee Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
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5
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Yao Y, Pohan G, Cutiongco MFA, Jeong Y, Kunihiro J, Zaw AM, David D, Shangguan H, Yu ACH, Yim EKF. In vivo evaluation of compliance mismatch on intimal hyperplasia formation in small diameter vascular grafts. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:3297-3307. [PMID: 36943136 PMCID: PMC10160004 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00167a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Small diameter synthetic vascular grafts have high failure rate due to the thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia formation. Compliance mismatch between the synthetic graft and native artery has been speculated to be one of the main causes of intimal hyperplasia. However, changing the compliance of synthetic materials without altering material chemistry remains a challenge. Here, we used poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel as a graft material due to its biocompatibility and tunable mechanical properties to investigate the role of graft compliance in the development of intimal hyperplasia and in vivo patency. Two groups of PVA small diameter grafts with low compliance and high compliance were fabricated by dip casting method and implanted in a rabbit carotid artery end-to-side anastomosis model for 4 weeks. We demonstrated that the grafts with compliance that more closely matched with rabbit carotid artery had lower anastomotic intimal hyperplasia formation and higher graft patency compared to low compliance grafts. Overall, this study suggested that reducing the compliance mismatch between the native artery and vascular grafts is beneficial for reducing intimal hyperplasia formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
| | - Grace Pohan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
| | - Marie F A Cutiongco
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK M13 9PL
| | - YeJin Jeong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
| | - Joshua Kunihiro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
| | - Aung Moe Zaw
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
| | - Dency David
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
| | - Hanyue Shangguan
- Schlegel Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1
- Center for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Alfred C H Yu
- Schlegel Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1
- Center for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Evelyn K F Yim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1
- Center for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1
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Peng X, Li L, Xing J, Cheng C, Hu M, Luo Y, Shi S, Liu Y, Cui Z, Yu X. Cross-linking porcine peritoneum by oxidized konjac glucomannan: a novel method to improve the properties of cardiovascular substitute material. JOURNAL OF LEATHER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s42825-023-00114-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe use of natural polysaccharide crosslinkers for decellularized matrices is an effective approach to prepare cardiovascular substitute materials. In this research, NaIO4 was applied to oxidize konjac glucomannan to prepare the polysaccharide crosslinker oxidized konjac glucomannan (OKGM). The as-prepared crosslinker was then used to stabilize collagen-rich decellularized porcine peritoneum (DPP) to construct a cardiovascular substitute material (OKGM-fixed DPP). The results demonstrated that compared with GA-fixed DPP and GNP-fixed DPP, 3.75% OKGM [1:1.5 (KGM: NaIO4)]-fixed DPP demonstrated suitable mechanical properties, as well as good hemocompatibility, excellent anti-calcification capability, and anti-enzymolysis in vitro. Furthermore, 3.75% OKGM [1:1.5 (KGM: NaIO4)]-fixed DPP was suitable for vascular endothelial cell adhesion and rapid proliferation, and a single layer of endothelial cells was formed on the fifth day of culture. The in vivo experimental results also showed excellent histocompatibility. The current results demonstrted that OKGM was a novel polysaccharide cross-linking reagent for crosslinking natural tissues featured with rich collagen content, and 3.75% OKGM [1:1.5 (KGM: NaIO4)]-fixed DPP was a potential cardiovascular substitute material.
Graphical Abstract
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7
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Rafik ST, Zeitoun TM, Shalaby TI, Barakat MK, Ismail CA. Methotrexate conjugated gold nanoparticles improve rheumatoid vascular dysfunction in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis: gold revival. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:321-335. [PMID: 36482036 PMCID: PMC9958144 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01104-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial vasomotor dysfunction and accelerated atherosclerosis encompass the features of rheumatoid vascular dysfunction (RVD), increasing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Methotrexate, among DMARDs, effectively reduces cardiovascular events, but its non-selectivity together with its pharmacokinetic variability often limit drug adherence and contribute to its potential toxicity. Thus, methotrexate was conjugated to gold nanoparticles (MTX/AuNPs) and its effect on RVD in rats' adjuvant-induced arthritis was evaluated. A comparative study between MTX/AuNPs, free MTX, and AuNPs treatments on joint inflammation, vascular reactivity and architecture, smooth muscle phenotype, systemic inflammation, and atherogenic profile was done. Since MTX/AuNPs effect was superior, it appears that conjugation of MTX to AuNPs demonstrated a synergistic action. MTX immunomodulatory action combined with AuNPs anti-atherogenic potential yielded prompt control of whole features of RVD. These findings highlight the usefulness of nanoparticles-targeted drug-delivery system in refining rheumatoid-induced vascular dysfunction treatment and reviving gold use in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma T. Rafik
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Teshreen M. Zeitoun
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, El-Moassat Medical Hospital, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Thanaa I. Shalaby
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mervat K. Barakat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Cherine A. Ismail
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Chen J, Lai K, Yong X, Yin H, Chen Z, Wang H, Chen K, Zheng J. Silencing METTL3 Stabilizes Atherosclerotic Plaques by Regulating the Phenotypic Transformation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via the miR-375-3p/PDK1 Axis. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2022; 37:471-486. [PMID: 35704246 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07348-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Atherosclerosis (AS) is a primary cause of cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the mechanism of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) in AS plaques via modulating the phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). METHODS AS mouse models and MOVAS cell models were established through high-fat diet and the treatment of ox-LDL, respectively. METTL3 expression in AS models was detected via RT-qPCR and Western blot. The AS plaques, lipid deposition, and collagen fibers were examined via histological staining. The levels of Ly-6c, α-SMA, and OPN were examined via Western blot. The blood lipid indexes in mouse aortic tissues were determined using kits. The proliferation and migration of MOVAS cells were detected via CCK-8 and Transwell assays. The m6A modification level of mRNA was quantified. The binding relationship between pri-miR-375 and DGCR8, and the enrichment of m6A on pri-miR-375 were detected via RIP. The binding relationship between miR-375-3p and 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1) was verified via dual-luciferase assay. Joint experiments were designed to investigate the role of miR-375-3P/PDK1 in the phenotypic transformation of VSMCs. RESULTS METTL3 was highly expressed in AS. Silencing METTL3 alleviated AS progression and stabilized AS plaques in mice, and limited the phenotypic transformation of VSMCs induced by ox-LDL. Silencing METTL3 inhibited m6A level and decreased the binding of DGCR8 to pri-miR-375 and further limited miR-375-3p expression. miR-375-3p targeted PDK1 transcription. miR-375-3p upregulation or PDK1 downregulation facilitated the phenotypic transformation of VSMCs. CONCLUSION METTL3-mediated m6A modification promoted VSMC phenotype transformation and made AS plaques more vulnerable via the miR-375-3p/PDK1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingquan Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.1 Maoyuan south road, Shunqing district, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Kun Lai
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.1 Maoyuan south road, Shunqing district, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Yong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.1 Maoyuan south road, Shunqing district, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongshun Yin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.1 Maoyuan south road, Shunqing district, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhilong Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.1 Maoyuan south road, Shunqing district, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Haifei Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.1 Maoyuan south road, Shunqing district, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.1 Maoyuan south road, Shunqing district, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianghua Zheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.1 Maoyuan south road, Shunqing district, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China.
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9
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Peng J, Qin C, Tian SY, Peng JQ. MiR-93 inhibits the vascular calcification of chronic renal failure by suppression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Int Urol Nephrol 2021; 54:225-235. [PMID: 34138419 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-021-02907-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of miR-93-mediated Wnt/β-catenin pathway on the vascular calcification (VC) of chronic renal failure (CRF). METHODS SD rats were utilized to construct CRF models and divided into Control, CRF, CRF + LV (lentiviral vector)-miR-93 and CRF + LV-Con groups. Renal tissues collected from rats were performed hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Masson staining, while the abdominal aorta was dissected for alizarin red staining and Von Kossa staining. VC-related genes were determined by qRT-PCR while Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins were examined by Western blotting. RESULTS As compared to Control group, the serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), phosphorus (P), cystatin C (Cys-C) and 24-h urea protein (24 h Upro), and the scores of renal interstitial lesion and fibrotic area in rats from CRF group were elevated, with the increased calcified area of aorta as well as the enhanced calcium content and ALP. Meanwhile, rats in the CRF group had up-regulated expression of OPN, OCN, RUNX2 and BMP-2 and down-regulated expression of miR-93. As for the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, rats in the CRF group had sharp increases in the protein expression of TCF4 and β-catenin, while α-SMA was down-regulated. However, changes of the above were reversed in rats from CRF + LV-miR-93 group, and TCF4 was confirmed to be a target gene of miR-93. CONCLUSION MiR-93, via inhibiting the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway by targeting TCF4, can improve the renal function of CRF rats, thereby mitigating the vascular calcification of CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Shu-Yan Tian
- Department of Nephrology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China
| | - Jia-Qing Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China.
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10
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Chiang HY, Chu PH, Chen SC, Lee TH. MFG-E8 Regulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Through Dose-Dependent Mediation of Actin Polymerization. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020870. [PMID: 34041925 PMCID: PMC8483510 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.020870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is the main contributor to neointimal formation. The Arp2/3 (actin-related proteins 2 and 3) complex activates actin polymerization and is involved in lamellipodia formation during VSMC migration. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is a glycoprotein expressed in VSMCs. We hypothesized that MFG-E8 regulates VSMC migration through modulation of Arp2/3-mediated actin polymerization. Methods and Results To determine whether MFG-E8 is essential for VSMC migration, a model of neointimal hyperplasia was induced in the common carotid artery of wild-type and MFG-E8 knockout mice, and the extent of neointimal formation was evaluated. Genetic deletion of MFG-E8 in mice attenuated injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia. Cultured VSMCs deficient in MFG-E8 exhibited decreased cell migration. Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting revealed decreased Arp2 but not Arp3 expression in the common carotid arteries and VSMCs deficient in MFG-E8. Exogenous administration of recombinant MFG-E8 biphasically and dose-dependently regulated the cultured VSMCs. At a low concentration, MFG-E8 upregulated Arp2 expression. By contrast, MFG-E8 at a high concentration reduced the Arp2 level and significantly attenuated actin assembly. Arp2 upregulation mediated by low-dose MFG-E8 was abolished by treating cultured VSMCs with β1 integrin function-blocking antibody and Rac1 inhibitors. Moreover, treatment of the artery with a high dose of recombinant MFG-E8 diminished injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia and reduced VSMC migration. Conclusions MFG-E8 plays a critical role in VSMC migration through dose-dependent regulation of Arp2-mediated actin polymerization. These findings suggest that high doses of MFG-E8 may have therapeutic potential for treating vascular occlusive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Yu Chiang
- Department of Anatomy College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Taiwan
| | - Pao-Hsien Chu
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Taiwan.,College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chi Chen
- Department of Anatomy College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hein Lee
- Department of Anatomy College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Taiwan
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11
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Horiuchi K, Kano K, Minoshima A, Hayasaka T, Yamauchi A, Tatsukawa T, Matsuo R, Yoshida Y, Tomita Y, Kabara M, Nakagawa N, Takehara N, Hasebe N, Kawabe JI. Pericyte-specific deletion of ninjurin-1 induces fragile vasa vasorum formation and enhances intimal hyperplasia of injured vasculature. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H2438-H2447. [PMID: 33961504 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00931.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Adventitial abnormalities including enhanced vasa vasorum malformation are associated with development and vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaque. However, the mechanisms of vasa vasorum malformation and its role in vascular remodeling have not been fully clarified. We recently reported that ninjurin-1 (Ninj1) is a crucial adhesion molecule for pericytes to form matured neovessels. The purpose is to examine if Ninj1 regulates adventitial angiogenesis and affects the vascular remodeling of injured vessels using pericyte-specific Ninj1 deletion mouse model. Mouse femoral arteries were injured by insertion of coiled wire. Four weeks after vascular injury, fixed arteries were decolorized. Vascular remodeling, including intimal hyperplasia and adventitial microvessel formation were estimated in a three-dimensional view. Vascular fragility, including blood leakiness was estimated by extravasation of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-lectin or FITC-dextran from microvessels. Ninj1 expression was increased in pericytes in response to vascular injury. NG2-CreER/Ninj1loxp mice were treated with tamoxifen (Tam) to induce deletion of Ninj1 in pericyte (Ninj1 KO). Tam-treated NG2-CreER or Tam-nontreated NG2-CreER/Ninj1loxp mice were used as controls. Intimal hyperplasia was significantly enhanced in Ninj1 KO compared with controls. Vascular leakiness was significantly enhanced in Ninj1 KO. In Ninj1 KO, the number of infiltrated macrophages in adventitia was increased, along with the expression of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, deletion of Ninj1 in pericytes induces the immature vasa vasorum formation of injured vasculature and exacerbates adventitial inflammation and intimal hyperplasia. Thus, Ninj1 contributes to the vasa vasorum maturation in response to vascular injury and to reduction of vascular remodeling.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although abnormalities of adventitial vasa vasorum are associated with vascular remodeling such as atherosclerosis, the mechanisms of vasa vasorum malformation and its role in vascular remodeling have not been fully clarified. The present study provides a line of novel evidence that ninjurin-1 contributes to adventitial microvascular maturation during vascular injury and regulates vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiwamu Horiuchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Neurology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kohei Kano
- Department of Biochemistry, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Neurology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Akiho Minoshima
- Department of Biochemistry, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Neurology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Taiki Hayasaka
- Department of Biochemistry, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Neurology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamauchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Innovation, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Tatsukawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Innovation, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Risa Matsuo
- Department of Biochemistry, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Yuri Yoshida
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Yui Tomita
- Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Maki Kabara
- Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Innovation, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakagawa
- Division of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Neurology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Naofumi Takehara
- Division of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Neurology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Hasebe
- Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Innovation, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Neurology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kawabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Innovation, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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12
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Karaagac E, Besir Y, Kurus M, Gokalp O, Iscan S, Gokkurt Y, Kandemir C, Topal FE, Keselik E, Eygi B, Gurbuz A. The effect of bovine serum albumin-glutaraldehyde and polyethylene glycol polymer on neointimal hyperplasia in rabbit carotid artery anastomosis. J Biomater Appl 2020; 36:152-164. [PMID: 33050834 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220964913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since the systemic drugs have been used to reduce the hyperplasic response in the tunica intima, the periadventitial local drug applications to the vascular wall have gained more popularity. In this study, we investigated the effect of bovine serum albumin-glutaraldehyde and polyethylene glycol polymer on neointimal hyperplasia in rabbit carotid artery anastomosis to explore the effects of these two different agents. METHODS 21 New Zealand male rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. The carotid artery transection and anastomosis was performed onthe control group. The bovine serum albumin-glutaraldehyde and the polyethylene glycol polymer were applied locally on the other two groups seperatley after transection and anastomosis of the carotid arteries. At the end of 28-day follow-up, the histological and the immunohistochemical results related to neointimal hyperplasia were compared. RESULTS The glue residues were detected in the BSA-glutaraldehyde group, but in the PEG polymer group there was no glue residue. The intima thickness and the intima/media thickness ratio in the control group was significantly higher (p<0.05) than the other groups. These values did not differ significantly between the BSA-glutaraldehyde group and the PEG polymer group (p>0.05). The lumen diameter and the area in the control group were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the BSA-glutaraldehyde group. These values between the control group and the PEG polymer group did not differ significantly (p>0.05). aSMA-positive staining score in the Control group was found to be significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the BSA-glutaraldehyde and PEG polymer group and the VEGF-positive staining score in the control group was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the BSA-glutaraldehyde and the PEG polymer group. CONCLUSIONS Although the both agents have positive results on neointimal hyperplasia, it would be favorable to use polyethylene glycol polymer, since it does not seem to affect the lumen area and the lumen diameter of the vessel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erturk Karaagac
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Muş State Hospital, Muş, Turkey
| | - Yuksel Besir
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Izmir KatipÇelebi University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Meltem Kurus
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir KatipÇelebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Orhan Gokalp
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Izmir KatipÇelebi University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sahin Iscan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Izmir KatipÇelebi University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yasar Gokkurt
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Izmir KatipÇelebi University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cagri Kandemir
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Izmir KatipÇelebi University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fatih Esad Topal
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Izmir KatipÇelebi University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Erdi Keselik
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir KatipÇelebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bortecin Eygi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Izmir KatipÇelebi University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ali Gurbuz
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Izmir KatipÇelebi University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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13
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Rac1 silencing, NSC23766 and EHT1864 reduce growth and actin organization of bladder smooth muscle cells. Life Sci 2020; 261:118468. [PMID: 32961232 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS RacGTPase-mediated proliferation and smooth muscle contraction in the lower urinary tract has been recently suggested and may offer putative targets for treamtment of lower urinary tract symptoms. However, RacGTPase function for proliferation of detrusor smooth muscle cells is unknown and the specificity of Rac inhibitors has been questioned. Here, we examined effects of Rac1 knockdown and of the Rac inhibitors NSC23766 and EHT1864 in human bladder smooth muscle cells (hBSMCs). MAIN METHODS Rac1 expression was silenced by shRNA expression. Effects of silencing and Rac inhibitors were assessed by CCK-8 assay, EdU staining, RT-PCR, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and phalloidin staining. KEY FINDINGS Silencing of Rac1 expression reduced the viability (up to 83% compared to scramble shRNA) and proliferation (virtually completely in proliferation assay), increased apoptosis (124%) and the number of dead cells (51%), and caused breakdown of actin organization (56% reduction of polymerized actin compared to scramble shRNA). Effects on proliferation, viability, and actin organization were mimicked by NSC23766 and EHT1864, while both compounds showed divergent effects on cell death (32-fold increase of dead cells by EHT1864, but not NSC23766). Effects of NSC23766 and EHT1864 on viability of hBSMCs were not altered by Rac1 knockdown. SIGNIFICANCE Rac1 promotes proliferation, viability, and cytoskeletal organization, and suppresses apoptosis in bladder smooth muscle cells, which may be relevant in overactive bladder or diabetes-related bladder dysfunction. NSC23766 and EHT1864 mimick these effects, but may act Rac1-independently, by shared and divergent effects.
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14
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Hosseini V, Mallone A, Mirkhani N, Noir J, Salek M, Pasqualini FS, Schuerle S, Khademhosseini A, Hoerstrup SP, Vogel V. A Pulsatile Flow System to Engineer Aneurysm and Atherosclerosis Mimetic Extracellular Matrix. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000173. [PMID: 32596117 PMCID: PMC7312268 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Alterations of blood flow patterns strongly correlate with arterial wall diseases such as atherosclerosis and aneurysm. Here, a simple, pumpless, close-loop, easy-to-replicate, and miniaturized flow device is introduced to concurrently expose 3D engineered vascular smooth muscle tissues to high-velocity pulsatile flow versus low-velocity disturbed flow conditions. Two flow regimes are distinguished, one that promotes elastin and impairs collagen I assembly, while the other impairs elastin and promotes collagen assembly. This latter extracellular matrix (ECM) composition shares characteristics with aneurysmal or atherosclerotic tissue phenotypes, thus recapitulating crucial hallmarks of flow-induced tissue morphogenesis in vessel walls. It is shown that the mRNA levels of ECM of collagens and elastin are not affected by the differential flow conditions. Instead, the differential gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) is flow-dependent, and thus drives the alterations in ECM composition. In further support, treatment with doxycycline, an MMP inhibitor and a clinically used drug to treat vascular diseases, halts the effect of low-velocity flow on the ECM remodeling. This illustrates how the platform can be exploited for drug efficacy studies by providing crucial mechanistic insights into how different therapeutic interventions may affect tissue growth and ECM assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Hosseini
- Laboratory of Applied MechanobiologyInstitute of Translational MedicineDepartment of Health Sciences and TechnologyETH ZurichZurich8093Switzerland
- Present address:
Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Anna Mallone
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM)University of Zurich and Wyss Translational Center ZurichZurich8952Switzerland
| | - Nima Mirkhani
- Responsive Biomedical Systems LabInstitute of Translational MedicineDepartment of Health Sciences and TechnologyETH ZurichZurich8093Switzerland
| | - Jerome Noir
- Institute of GeophysicsDepartment of Earth SciencesETH ZurichZurich8092Switzerland
| | - Mehdi Salek
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyBostonMA02139USA
| | - Francesco Silvio Pasqualini
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM)University of Zurich and Wyss Translational Center ZurichZurich8952Switzerland
- Synthetic Physiology LaboratoryDepartment of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureUniversity of PaviaPavia27100Italy
| | - Simone Schuerle
- Responsive Biomedical Systems LabInstitute of Translational MedicineDepartment of Health Sciences and TechnologyETH ZurichZurich8093Switzerland
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Simon P. Hoerstrup
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM)University of Zurich and Wyss Translational Center ZurichZurich8952Switzerland
| | - Viola Vogel
- Laboratory of Applied MechanobiologyInstitute of Translational MedicineDepartment of Health Sciences and TechnologyETH ZurichZurich8093Switzerland
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15
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Yue H, Febbraio M, Klenotic PA, Kennedy DJ, Wu Y, Chen S, Gohara AF, Li O, Belcher A, Kuang B, McIntyre TM, Silverstein RL, Li W. CD36 Enhances Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Development of Neointimal Hyperplasia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:263-275. [PMID: 30567481 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.312186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective- Dysregulated proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) plays an essential role in neointimal hyperplasia. CD36 functions critically in atherogenesis and thrombosis. We hypothesize that CD36 regulates VSMC proliferation and contributes to the development of obstructive vascular diseases. Approach and Results- We found by immunofluorescent staining that CD36 was highly expressed in human vessels with obstructive diseases. Using guidewire-induced carotid artery injury and shear stress-induced intima thickening models, we compared neointimal hyperplasia in Apoe-/-, Cd36-/- /Apoe-/-, and CD36 specifically deleted in VSMC (VSMC cd36-/-) mice. CD36 deficiency, either global or VSMC-specific, dramatically reduced injury-induced neointimal thickening. Correspondingly, carotid artery blood flow was significantly increased in Cd36-/- /Apoe-/- compared with Apoe-/- mice. In cultured VSMCs from thoracic aorta of wild-type and Cd36-/- mice, we found that loss of CD36 significantly decreased serum-stimulated proliferation and increased cell populations in S phase, suggesting that CD36 is necessary for VSMC S/G2-M-phase transition. Treatment of VSMCs with a TSR (thrombospondin type 1 repeat) peptide significantly increased wild-type, but not Cd36-/- VSMC proliferation. TSR or serum treatment significantly increased cyclin A expression in wild-type, but not in Cd36-/- VSMCs. STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription), which reportedly enhances both VSMC differentiation and maturation, was higher in Cd36-/- VSMCs. CD36 deficiency significantly decreased expression of Col1A1 (type 1 collagen A1 chain) and TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor beta 1), and increased expression of contractile proteins, including calponin 1 and smooth muscle α actin, and dramatically increased cell contraction. Conclusions- CD36 promotes VSMC proliferation via upregulation of cyclin A expression that contributes to the development of neointimal hyperplasia, collagen deposition, and obstructive vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yue
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV (H.Y., A.B., W.L.)
| | - Maria Febbraio
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (M.F.)
| | - Philip A Klenotic
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH (P.A.K.)
| | | | - Yueheng Wu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, China (Y.W., S.C.)
| | - Shaoxian Chen
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, China (Y.W., S.C.)
| | - Amira F Gohara
- Department of Pathology (A.F.G.), University of Toledo, OH
| | - Oliver Li
- Marshall University Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Huntington, WV (O.L., W.L.)
| | - Adam Belcher
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV (H.Y., A.B., W.L.)
| | - Bin Kuang
- Department of Plastic and Peripheral Vascular Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, China (B.K.)
| | - Thomas M McIntyre
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (T.M.M.).,Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH (T.M.M.)
| | - Roy L Silverstein
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (R.L.S.)
| | - Wei Li
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV (H.Y., A.B., W.L.)
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16
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Chen CY, Tsai HY, Tsai SH, Chu PH, Huang PH, Chen JW, Lin SJ. Deletion of the FHL2 gene attenuates intima-media thickening in a partially ligated carotid artery ligated mouse model. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:160-173. [PMID: 31714683 PMCID: PMC6933399 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The four and a half LIM domain protein 2 (FHL2) is a member of the four and a half LIM domain (FHL) gene family, and it is associated with cholesterol‐enriched diet‐promoted atherosclerosis. However, the effect of FHL2 protein on vascular remodelling in response to hemodynamic alterations remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of FHL2 in a model of restricted blood flow‐induced atherosclerosis. To promote neointimal hyperplasia in vivo, we subjected FHL2+/+ and FHL2−/− mice to partial ligation of the left carotid artery (LCA). The expression of p‐ERK and p‐AKT was decreased in FHL2−/− mice. FHL2 bound to AKT regulated AKT phosphorylation and led to Rac1‐GTP inactivation. FHL2 silencing in human aortic smooth muscle cells down‐regulated the PDGF‐induced phosphorylation of ERK and AKT. Furthermore, FHL2 silencing reduced cytoskeleton conformational changes and caused cell cycle arrest. We concluded that FHL2 is essential for the regulation of arterial smooth muscle cell function. FHL2 modulates proliferation and migration via mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and PI3K‐AKT signalling, leading to arterial wall thickening and thus neointimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yu Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ya Tsai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hung Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Hsien Chu
- First Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Wen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute and Department of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Jong Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Healthcare and Management Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
Skeletal muscle regeneration is a highly orchestrated process and involves the activation of many cellular and molecular pathways. Although satellite cells (SCs) are the major cell type responsible for muscle regeneration, pericytes show remarkable myogenic potential and various advantages as cell therapy in muscular disorders. This chapter first introduces the structure, marker expression, origin, and category of pericytes. Next, we discuss their functions in muscular dystrophy and/or muscle injuries, focusing on their myogenic, adipogenic, fibrogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic activities. Understanding this knowledge will promote the development of innovative cell therapies for muscle disorders, including muscular dystrophy.
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18
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Deng Y, He R, Zhang R, Gan B, Zhang Y, Chen G, Hu X. The expression of HOXA13 in lung adenocarcinoma and its clinical significance: A study based on The Cancer Genome Atlas, Oncomine and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8556-8572. [PMID: 29805592 PMCID: PMC5950532 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have investigated the association between HOXA13 and non-small cell lung cancer. However, the role of HOXA13 expression in the occurrence and progression of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has not yet been investigated. In the present study, HOXA13-related data mining of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) data from our cases and the case information in Oncomine was conducted for validation. The expression data of HOXA13 in lung cancer cell lines were also collected from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) database for further verification. A comprehensive meta-analysis of the expression of HOXA13 was also performed, integrating the data of TCGA, in-house PCR and Oncomine. Genes that were co-expressed with HOXA13 were subsequently identified through cBioPortal and Multi Experiment Matrix (MEM), and the potential role and mechanism of HOXA13 in LUAD was investigated. The expression value of HOXA13 in the LUAD group, which comprised 237 cases, was 3.74±2.694, significantly higher than its expression value in the non-cancerous group (0.92±0.608, P<0.001). The pooled SMD for HOXA13 was 0.346 (95% CI, 0.052–0.640; P=0.068; I2=51.3%; P=0.021), The meta-analysis of diagnostic tests revealed that the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) was 0.78 (95% CI, 0.75–0.82). The results demonstrated that HOXA13 is highly expressed in LUAD. In addition to the studies on HOXA13 expression in tissues, the expression data of HOXA13 in lung cancer cell lines were also collected from the CCLE database for further verification of these conclusions. Genes that were co-expressed with HOXA13 were identified for pathway analysis. The most enriched Gene Ontology terms in the genes co-expressed with HOXA13 were positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, signal transduction and positive regulation of GTPase activity in biological process; cytoplasm, integral component of membrane and plasma membrane in cellular component; and significantly involved in protein binding, transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding and sequence-specific DNA binding in molecular function. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that these target genes were clearly involved in Pathways in cancer, Proteoglycans in cancer and cAMP signaling pathway. The hub genes obtained from the four protein-protein interaction networks were associated with HOXA13. The results of the bioinformatics research in the present study revealed that HOXA13 may influence the expression of these hub genes in such a way as to promote the occurrence and development of LUAD. In conclusion, the expression of HOXA13 in patients with LUAD and its potential clinical value were analyzed comprehensively in the present study using data from a variety of sources. Through bioinformatics analysis, evidence that HOXA13 may promote the occurrence and development of LUAD was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Deng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rongquan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Binliang Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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Cong L, Zhang Y, Huang H, Cao J, Fu X. DFMG reverses proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells induced by co-culture with injured vascular endothelial cells via suppression of the TLR4-mediated signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:5692-5699. [PMID: 29484442 PMCID: PMC5866011 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
7-Difluoromethoxy-5,4′-dimethoxy-genistein (DFMG) is a novel chemical compound synthesized using genistein. Previous studies have indicated that DFMG can reverse the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) by regulating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. The present study aimed to investigate the activity and molecular mechanism underlying DFMG-mediated protection of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMCs) using a non-contact co-culture model established by using Transwell insert. Secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured by ELISA. Proliferation and migration of VSMCs were assessed using a Cell Counting kit-8 and wound healing assays, respectively. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mRNA and protein levels were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analyses, respectively. In the present study, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) significantly increased the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α in VECs. VECs treated with LPC markedly increased proliferation and migration of VSMCs, which were inhibited by DFMG. Transfection of either TLR4 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) or TLR4 cDNA in VECs inhibited and increased proliferation and migration of VSMCs, respectively. Furthermore, transfection of VECs with TLR4 shRNA suppressed the proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by co-culture with injured VECs, which was further enhanced by treatment with DFMG. By contrast, transfection of VECs with TLR4 cDNA enhanced proliferation and migration of VSMCs and this effect was inhibited by treatment with DFMG. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that DFMG can reverse proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by co-culture with injured VECs via suppression of the TLR4-mediated signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cong
- Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Pathology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Fu
- Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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Lacolley P, Regnault V, Segers P, Laurent S. Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Arterial Stiffening: Relevance in Development, Aging, and Disease. Physiol Rev 2017; 97:1555-1617. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00003.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The cushioning function of large arteries encompasses distension during systole and recoil during diastole which transforms pulsatile flow into a steady flow in the microcirculation. Arterial stiffness, the inverse of distensibility, has been implicated in various etiologies of chronic common and monogenic cardiovascular diseases and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. The first components that contribute to arterial stiffening are extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that support the mechanical load, while the second important components are vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which not only regulate actomyosin interactions for contraction but mediate also mechanotransduction in cell-ECM homeostasis. Eventually, VSMC plasticity and signaling in both conductance and resistance arteries are highly relevant to the physiology of normal and early vascular aging. This review summarizes current concepts of central pressure and tensile pulsatile circumferential stress as key mechanical determinants of arterial wall remodeling, cell-ECM interactions depending mainly on the architecture of cytoskeletal proteins and focal adhesion, the large/small arteries cross-talk that gives rise to target organ damage, and inflammatory pathways leading to calcification or atherosclerosis. We further speculate on the contribution of cellular stiffness along the arterial tree to vascular wall stiffness. In addition, this review provides the latest advances in the identification of gene variants affecting arterial stiffening. Now that important hemodynamic and molecular mechanisms of arterial stiffness have been elucidated, and the complex interplay between ECM, cells, and sensors identified, further research should study their potential to halt or to reverse the development of arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Lacolley
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Regnault
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Segers
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Laurent
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Vascular disease-causing mutation, smooth muscle α-actin R258C, dominantly suppresses functions of α-actin in human patient fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E5569-E5578. [PMID: 28652363 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1703506114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The most common genetic alterations for familial thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections (TAAD) are missense mutations in vascular smooth muscle (SM) α-actin encoded by ACTA2 We focus here on ACTA2-R258C, a recurrent mutation associated with early onset of TAAD and occlusive moyamoya-like cerebrovascular disease. Recent biochemical results with SM α-actin-R258C predicted that this variant will compromise multiple actin-dependent functions in intact cells and tissues, but a model system to measure R258C-induced effects was lacking. We describe the development of an approach to interrogate functional consequences of actin mutations in affected patient-derived cells. Primary dermal fibroblasts from R258C patients exhibited increased proliferative capacity compared with controls, consistent with inhibition of growth suppression attributed to SM α-actin. Telomerase-immortalized lines of control and R258C human dermal fibroblasts were established and SM α-actin expression induced with adenovirus encoding myocardin-related transcription factor A, a potent coactivator of ACTA2 Two-dimensional Western blotting confirmed induction of both wild-type and mutant SM α-actin in heterozygous ACTA2-R258C cells. Expression of mutant SM α-actin in heterozygous ACTA2-R258C fibroblasts abrogated the significant effects of SM α-actin induction on formation of stress fibers and focal adhesions, filamentous to soluble actin ratio, matrix contraction, and cell migration. These results demonstrate that R258C dominantly disrupts cytoskeletal functions attributed to SM α-actin in fibroblasts and are consistent with deficiencies in multiple cytoskeletal functions. Thus, cellular defects due to this ACTA2 mutation in both aortic smooth muscle cells and adventitial fibroblasts may contribute to development of TAAD and proliferative occlusive vascular disease.
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Nuhn H, Blanco CE, Desai TA. Nanoengineered Stent Surface to Reduce In-Stent Restenosis in Vivo. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:19677-19686. [PMID: 28574242 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In-stent restenosis (ISR) is the leading cause of stent failure and is a direct result of a dysfunctional vascular endothelium and subsequent overgrowth of vascular smooth muscle tissue. TiO2 nanotubular (NT) arrays have been shown to affect vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in vitro by accelerating VEC cell proliferation and migration while suppressing VSMCs. This study investigates for the first time the potentially beneficial effects of TiO2 NT arrays on vascular tissue in vivo. TiO2 NT arrays (NT diameter: 90 ± 5 nm, height: 1800 ± 300 nm) were grown on the surface of titanium stents and characterized in terms of surface morphology and stability. Stents were implanted into the iliofemoral artery using an overinflation model (rabbit). After 28 days, stenosis rates were determined. The data show a statistically significant reduction of stenosis by 30% compared to the control. Tissue in the presence of TiO2 NTs appears more mature, and less neointima is present between struts. In addition, the extra cellular matrix secreted by cells at the interface of the NT arrays shows complete integration into the nanostructured surface. These results document the accelerated restoration of a functional endothelium in the presence of TiO2 NT arrays and substantiate their beneficial impact on vascular tissue in vivo. Our findings suggest that TiO2 NT arrays can be used as a drug-free approach for keeping stents patent long-term and have the potential to address ISR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Nuhn
- The Alfred E. Mann Institute for Biomedical Engineering at the University of Southern California , 1042 Downey Way, DRB Building, Suite 101, Los Angeles, California 90089-1112, United States
| | - Cesar E Blanco
- The Alfred E. Mann Institute for Biomedical Engineering at the University of Southern California , 1042 Downey Way, DRB Building, Suite 101, Los Angeles, California 90089-1112, United States
| | - Tejal A Desai
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and The UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Group in Bioengineering, University of California-San Francisco , San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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Asano S, Ito S, Takahashi K, Furuya K, Kondo M, Sokabe M, Hasegawa Y. Matrix stiffness regulates migration of human lung fibroblasts. Physiol Rep 2017; 5:5/9/e13281. [PMID: 28507166 PMCID: PMC5430127 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with pulmonary diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, progressive pulmonary fibrosis is caused by dysregulated wound healing via activation of fibroblasts after lung inflammation or severe damage. Migration of fibroblasts toward the fibrotic lesions plays an important role in pulmonary fibrosis. Fibrotic tissue in the lung is much stiffer than normal lung tissue. Emerging evidence supports the hypothesis that the stiffness of the matrix is not only a consequence of fibrosis, but also can induce fibroblast activation. Nevertheless, the effects of substrate rigidity on migration of lung fibroblasts have not been fully elucidated. We evaluated the effects of substrate stiffness on the morphology, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression, and cell migration of primary human lung fibroblasts by using polyacrylamide hydrogels with stiffnesses ranging from 1 to 50 kPa. Cell motility was assessed by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced chemotaxis and random walk migration assays. As the stiffness of substrates increased, fibroblasts became spindle-shaped and spread. Expression of α-SMA proteins was higher on the stiffer substrates (25 kPa gel and plastic dishes) than on the soft 2 kPa gel. Both PDGF-induced chemotaxis and random walk migration of fibroblasts precultured on stiff substrates (25 kPa gel and plastic dishes) were significantly higher than those of cells precultured on 2 kPa gel. Transfection of the fibroblasts with short interfering RNA for α-SMA inhibited cell migration. These findings suggest that fibroblast activation induced by a stiff matrix is involved in mechanisms of the pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Asano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoru Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan .,Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Kota Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kishio Furuya
- Mechanobiology Laboratory, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masashi Kondo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sokabe
- Mechanobiology Laboratory, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hasegawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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