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Grayson KA, Greenlee JD, Himmel LE, Hapach LA, Reinhart-King CA, King MR. Spatial distribution of tumor-associated macrophages in an orthotopic prostate cancer mouse model. Pathol Oncol Res 2024; 30:1611586. [PMID: 38689823 PMCID: PMC11058651 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that the immune landscape within prostate tumors influences progression, metastasis, treatment response, and patient outcomes. In this study, we investigated the spatial density of innate immune cell populations within NOD.SCID orthotopic prostate cancer xenografts following microinjection of human DU145 prostate cancer cells. Our laboratory has previously developed nanoscale liposomes that attach to leukocytes via conjugated E-selectin (ES) and kill cancer cells via TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed on tumor samples to identify and quantify leukocyte infiltration for different periods of tumor growth and E-selectin/TRAIL (EST) liposome treatments. We examined the spatial-temporal dynamics of three different immune cell types infiltrating tumors using QuPath image analysis software. IHC staining revealed that F4/80+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were the most abundant immune cells in all groups, irrespective of time or treatment. The density of TAMs decreased over the course of tumor growth and decreased in response to EST liposome treatments. Intratumoral versus marginal analysis showed a greater presence of TAMs in the marginal regions at 3 weeks of tumor growth which became more evenly distributed over time and in tumors treated with EST liposomes. TUNEL staining indicated that EST liposomes significantly increased cell apoptosis in treated tumors. Additionally, confocal microscopy identified liposome-coated TAMs in both the core and periphery of tumors, highlighting the ability of liposomes to infiltrate tumors by "piggybacking" on macrophages. The results of this study indicate that TAMs represent the majority of innate immune cells within NOD.SCID orthotopic prostate tumors, and spatial density varies widely as a function of tumor size, duration of tumor growth, and treatment of EST liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korie A. Grayson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Joshua D. Greenlee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Lauren E. Himmel
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Translational Pathology Shared Resource, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Lauren A. Hapach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | | | - Michael R. King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
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Chen S, Lei J, Mou H, Zhang W, Jin L, Lu S, Yinwang E, Xue Y, Shao Z, Chen T, Wang F, Zhao S, Chai X, Wang Z, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Ye Z, Li B. Multiple influence of immune cells in the bone metastatic cancer microenvironment on tumors. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1335366. [PMID: 38464516 PMCID: PMC10920345 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1335366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone is a common organ for solid tumor metastasis. Malignant bone tumor becomes insensitive to systemic therapy after colonization, followed by poor prognosis and high relapse rate. Immune and bone cells in situ constitute a unique immune microenvironment, which plays a crucial role in the context of bone metastasis. This review firstly focuses on lymphatic cells in bone metastatic cancer, including their function in tumor dissemination, invasion, growth and possible cytotoxicity-induced eradication. Subsequently, we examine myeloid cells, namely macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells, and megakaryocytes, evaluating their interaction with cytotoxic T lymphocytes and contribution to bone metastasis. As important components of skeletal tissue, osteoclasts and osteoblasts derived from bone marrow stromal cells, engaging in 'vicious cycle' accelerate osteolytic bone metastasis. We also explain the concept tumor dormancy and investigate underlying role of immune microenvironment on it. Additionally, a thorough review of emerging treatments for bone metastatic malignancy in clinical research, especially immunotherapy, is presented, indicating current challenges and opportunities in research and development of bone metastasis therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiangchu Lei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haochen Mou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenkan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingxiao Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Senxu Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Eloy Yinwang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yucheng Xue
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenxuan Shao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangqian Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shenzhi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xupeng Chai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zenan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zengjie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Binghao Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Ben-Eltriki M, Gayle EJ, Walker N, Deb S. Pharmacological Significance of Heme Oxygenase 1 in Prostate Cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4301-4316. [PMID: 37232742 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is a detoxifying antioxidant microsomal enzyme that regulates inflammation, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis in prostate cancer (PCa). This makes HO-1 a promising target for therapeutic prevention and treatment due to its anti-inflammatory properties and ability to control redox homeostasis. Clinical evidence highlights the possible correlation between HO-1 expression and PCa growth, aggressiveness, metastasized tumors, resistance to therapy, and poor clinical outcomes. Interestingly, studies have reported anticancer benefits mediated by both HO-1 induction and inhibition in PCa models. Contrasting evidence exists on the role of HO-1 in PCa progression and possible treatment targets. Herein, we provide an overview of available evidence on the clinical significance of HO-1 signaling in PCa. It appears that the beneficial effects of HO-1 induction or inhibition are dependent on whether it is a normal versus malignant cell as well as the intensity (major vs. minor) of the increase in HO-1 enzymatic activity. The current literature evidence indicates that HO-1 has dual effects in PCa. The amount of cellular iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) can determine the role of HO-1 in PCa. A major increase in ROS enforces HO-1 to a protective role. HO-1 overexpression may provide cryoprotection to normal cells against oxidative stress via suppressing the expression of proinflammatory genes, and thus offer therapeutic prevention. In contrast, a moderate increase in ROS can lead to the perpetrator role of HO-1, which is associated with PCa progression and metastasis. HO-1 inhibition by xenobiotics in DNA-damaged cells tilts the balance to promote apoptosis and inhibit PCa proliferation and metastasis. Overall, the totality of the evidence revealed that HO-1 may play a dual role in the therapeutic prevention and treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ben-Eltriki
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
- Cochrane Hypertension Review Group, Therapeutic Initiative, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Erysa J Gayle
- College of Biomedical Sciences, Larkin University, 18301 N. Miami Avenue, Miami, FL 33169, USA
| | - Noah Walker
- College of Biomedical Sciences, Larkin University, 18301 N. Miami Avenue, Miami, FL 33169, USA
| | - Subrata Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA
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Xu J, Zhu K, Wang Y, Chen J. The dual role and mutual dependence of heme/HO-1/Bach1 axis in the carcinogenic and anti-carcinogenic intersection. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:483-501. [PMID: 36310300 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04447-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In physiological concentrations, heme is nontoxic to the cell and is essential for cell survival and proliferation. Increasing intracellular heme concentrations beyond normal levels, however, will lead to carcinogenesis and facilitate the survival of tumor cells. Simultaneously, heme in an abnormally high quantity is also a potent inducer of tumor cell death, contributing to its ability to generate oxidative stress on the cells by boosting oxidative phosphorylation and suppressing tumors through ferroptosis. During tumorigenesis and progression, therefore, heme works as a double-edged sword. Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in heme catabolism, which converts heme into physiologically active catabolites of carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin, and ferrous iron (Fe2+). HO-1 maintains redox equilibrium in healthy cells and functions as a carcinogenesis inhibitor. It is widely recognized that HO-1 is involved in the adaptive response to cellular stress and the anti-inflammation effect. Notably, its expression level in cancer cells corresponds with tumor growth, aggressiveness, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Besides, heme-binding transcription factor BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1) play a critical regulatory role in heme homeostasis, oxidative stress and senescence, cell cycle, angiogenesis, immune cell differentiation, and autoimmune disorders. Moreover, it was found that Bach1 influences cancer cells' metabolism and metastatic capacity. Bach1 controls heme level by adjusting HO-1 expression, establishing a negative feedback loop. MATERIALS AND METHODS Herein, the authors review recent studies on heme, HO-1, and Bach1 in cancer. Specifically, they cover the following areas: (1) the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic aspects of heme; (2) the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic aspects of HO-1; (3) the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic aspects of Bach1; (4) the interactions of the heme/HO-1/Bach1 axis involved in tumor progression. CONCLUSION This review summarized the literature about the dual role of the heme/HO-1/Bach1 axis and their mutual dependence in the carcinogenesis and anti-carcinogenesis intersection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | | | - Yali Wang
- Jiangsu Huai'an Maternity and Children Hospital, Huai'an, 223001, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Toro A, Lage-Vickers S, Bizzotto J, Vilicich F, Sabater A, Pascual G, Ledesma-Bazan S, Sanchis P, Ruiz MS, Arevalo AP, Porfido JL, Abbate M, Seniuk R, Labanca E, Anselmino N, Navone NM, Alonso DF, Vazquez E, Crispo M, Cotignola J, Gueron G. Pin-Pointing the Key Hubs in the IFN-γ Pathway Responding to SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102180. [PMID: 36298734 PMCID: PMC9610092 DOI: 10.3390/v14102180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) may be potential adjuvant immunotherapy for COVID-19 patients. In this work, we assessed gene expression profiles associated with the IFN-γ pathway in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Employing a case-control study from SARS-CoV-2-positive and -negative patients, we identified IFN-γ-associated pathways to be enriched in positive patients. Bioinformatics analyses showed upregulation of MAP2K6, CBL, RUNX3, STAT1, and JAK2 in COVID-19-positive vs. -negative patients. A positive correlation was observed between STAT1/JAK2, which varied alongside the patient’s viral load. Expression of MX1, MX2, ISG15, and OAS1 (four well-known IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs)) displayed upregulation in COVID-19-positive vs. -negative patients. Integrative analyses showcased higher levels of ISGs, which were associated with increased viral load and STAT1/JAK2 expression. Confirmation of ISGs up-regulation was performed in vitro using the A549 lung cell line treated with Poly (I:C), a synthetic analog of viral double-stranded RNA; and in different pulmonary human cell lines and ferret tracheal biopsies infected with SARS-CoV-2. A pre-clinical murine model of Coronavirus infection confirmed findings displaying increased ISGs in the liver and lungs from infected mice. Altogether, these results demonstrate the role of IFN-γ and ISGs in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, highlighting alternative druggable targets that can boost the host response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelen Toro
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (S.L.-V.); (G.G.); Tel.: +54-9114-408-7796 (G.G.); Fax: +54-9114-788-5755 (G.G.)
| | - Sofia Lage-Vickers
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (S.L.-V.); (G.G.); Tel.: +54-9114-408-7796 (G.G.); Fax: +54-9114-788-5755 (G.G.)
| | - Juan Bizzotto
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Tecnología (INTEC), Universidad Argentina de la Empresa (UADE), Buenos Aires C1073AAO, Argentina
| | - Felipe Vilicich
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Agustina Sabater
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Tecnología (INTEC), Universidad Argentina de la Empresa (UADE), Buenos Aires C1073AAO, Argentina
| | - Gaston Pascual
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Sabrina Ledesma-Bazan
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Pablo Sanchis
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Maria Sol Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Ana Paula Arevalo
- Laboratory Animals Biotechnology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Jorge L. Porfido
- Laboratory Animals Biotechnology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Mercedes Abbate
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Rocio Seniuk
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Estefania Labanca
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and The David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nicolas Anselmino
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and The David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nora M. Navone
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and The David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daniel F. Alonso
- Centro de Oncología Molecular y Traslacional y Plataforma de Servicios Biotecnológicos, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal B1876BXD, Argentina
| | - Elba Vazquez
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Martina Crispo
- Laboratory Animals Biotechnology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Javier Cotignola
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Geraldine Gueron
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (S.L.-V.); (G.G.); Tel.: +54-9114-408-7796 (G.G.); Fax: +54-9114-788-5755 (G.G.)
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6
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The Roles of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Prostate Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:8580043. [PMID: 36117852 PMCID: PMC9473905 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8580043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The morbidity of prostate cancer (PCa) is rising year by year, and it has become the primary cause of tumor-related mortality in males. It is widely accepted that macrophages account for 50% of the tumor mass in solid tumors and have emerged as a crucial participator in multiple stages of PCa, with the huge potential for further treatment. Oftentimes, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) behave like M2-like phenotypes that modulate malignant hallmarks of tumor lesions, ranging from tumorigenesis to metastasis. Several clinical studies indicated that mean TAM density was higher in human PCa cores versus benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and increased biopsy TAM density potentially predicts worse clinicopathological characteristics as well. Therefore, TAM represents a promising target for therapeutic intervention either alone or in combination with other strategies to halt the “vicious cycle,” thus improving oncological outcomes. Herein, we mainly focus on the fundamental aspects of TAMs in prostate adenocarcinoma, while reviewing the mechanisms responsible for macrophage recruitment and polarization, which has clinical translational implications for the exploitation of potentially effective therapies against TAMs.
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Halin Bergström S, Lundholm M, Nordstrand A, Bergh A. Rat prostate tumors induce DNA synthesis in remote organs. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7908. [PMID: 35551231 PMCID: PMC9098422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced cancers induce systemic responses. However, if such systemic changes occur already when aggressive tumors are small, have not been thoroughly characterized. Here, we examined how localized prostate cancers of different sizes and metastatic potential affected DNA synthesis in the rest of the prostate and in various remote organs. Non-metastatic Dunning R-3327 G (G) tumor cells, metastatic MatLyLu (MLL) tumor cells, or vehicle were injected into the prostate of immunocompetent rats. All animals received daily injections of Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), to label cells/daughter cells with active DNA synthesis. Equal sized G- and MLL-tumors, similarly increased BrdU-labeling in the prostate, lymph nodes and liver compared to tumor-free controls. Prior to metastasis, MLL-tumors also increased BrdU-labeling in bone marrow and lungs compared to animals with G-tumors or controls. In animals with MLL-tumors, BrdU-labeling in prostate, lungs, brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscles increased in a tumor-size-dependent way. Furthermore, MLL-tumors induced increased signs of DNA damage (γH2AX staining) and accumulation of CD68 + macrophages in the lungs. In conclusion, small localized prostate cancers increased DNA synthesis in several remote tissues in a tumor type- and size-dependent way. This may suggest the possibility for early diagnosis of aggressive prostate cancer by examining tumor-induced effects in other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Halin Bergström
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Building 6M, second floor, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Marie Lundholm
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Building 6M, second floor, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Annika Nordstrand
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Building 6M, second floor, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Bergh
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Building 6M, second floor, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
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8
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High Monocyte Count and Expression of S100A9 and S100A12 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Are Associated with Poor Outcome in Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102424. [PMID: 34067757 PMCID: PMC8156049 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates calcium-binding S100 protein involvement in inflammation and tumor progression. In this prospective study, we evaluated the mRNA levels of two members of this family, S100A9 and S100A12, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in a cohort of 121 prostate cancer patients using RT-PCR. Furthermore, monocyte count was determined by flow cytometry. By stratifying patients into different risk groups, according to TNM stage, Gleason score and PSA concentration at diagnosis, expression of S100A9 and S100A12 was found to be significantly higher in patients with metastases compared to patients without clinically detectable metastases. In line with this, we observed that the protein levels of S100A9 and S100A12 in plasma were higher in patients with advanced disease. Importantly, in patients with metastases at diagnosis, high monocyte count and high levels of S100A9 and S100A12 were significantly associated with short progression free survival (PFS) after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). High monocyte count and S100A9 levels were also associated with short cancer-specific survival, with monocyte count providing independent prognostic information. These findings indicate that circulating levels of monocytes, as well as S100A9 and S100A12, could be biomarkers for metastatic prostate cancer associated with particularly poor prognosis.
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9
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Nitti M, Ivaldo C, Traverso N, Furfaro AL. Clinical Significance of Heme Oxygenase 1 in Tumor Progression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050789. [PMID: 34067625 PMCID: PMC8155918 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) plays a key role in cell adaptation to stressors through the antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties of its metabolic products. For these reasons, in cancer cells, HO-1 can favor aggressiveness and resistance to therapies, leading to poor prognosis/outcome. Genetic polymorphisms of HO-1 promoter have been associated with an increased risk of cancer progression and a high degree of therapy failure. Moreover, evidence from cancer biopsies highlights the possible correlation between HO-1 expression, pathological features, and clinical outcome. Indeed, high levels of HO-1 in tumor specimens often correlate with reduced survival rates. Furthermore, HO-1 modulation has been proposed in order to improve the efficacy of antitumor therapies. However, contrasting evidence on the role of HO-1 in tumor biology has been reported. This review focuses on the role of HO-1 as a promising biomarker of cancer progression; understanding the correlation between HO-1 and clinical data might guide the therapeutic choice and improve the outcome of patients in terms of prognosis and life quality.
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10
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Huang J, Wan B, Li S, Liu G, Pang Q, Wu J, Bao E, Sun C, Qin Y, Wang K, Yang F, Wu Y, Zhang F, Yang B. High expression of heme oxygenase-1 in tumor-associated macrophages characterizes a poor-prognosis subtype in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:5674-5685. [PMID: 33589574 PMCID: PMC7950251 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are important components of the tumor microenvironment, which are characterized by pro-tumor M2 phenotype and correlate with poor survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) plays a crucial role in macrophage polarization toward M2 phenotype, but its prognosis significance in NPC has been rarely determined. To gain insights into the HO-1 expression profile and to determine the clinical significance of HO-1 in NPC, we performed immunohistochemistry analyses in 126 NPC specimens. CD163, a highly specific marker of M2 macrophages, was used as a surrogate for the polarization state of TAMs. Our results showed that high expression of HO-1 and CD163 were detected in TAMs for 57.9% (73/126) and 61.9% (78/126) of the studied patients, and both of them were significantly associated with worse survival. Additionally, a significant correlation between the intensities of HO-1 and CD163 was identified, and HO-1 exhibited a superior ability in predicting survival compared with CD163. Our study revealed for the first time that overexpression of HO-1 characterized a poor-prognosis subtype in NPC. Individualized therapy targeting HO-1 might serve as a promising treatment modality for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Binbin Wan
- Department of Physiopathology, Wuxi Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Physiopathology, Wuxi Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qingfeng Pang
- Department of Physiopathology, Wuxi Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Erwen Bao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Changling Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Qin
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kewei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Yaxian Wu
- Department of Physiopathology, Wuxi Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fuzheng Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214062, Jiangsu Province, China
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11
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Kim SH, Saeidi S, Zhong X, Gwak SY, Muna IA, Park SA, Kim SH, Na HK, Joe Y, Chung HT, Kim KE, Han W, Surh YJ. Breast cancer cell debris diminishes therapeutic efficacy through heme oxygenase-1-mediated inactivation of M1-like tumor-associated macrophages. Neoplasia 2020; 22:606-616. [PMID: 33039895 PMCID: PMC7581991 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is commonly used as a major therapeutic option for breast cancer treatment, but its efficacy is often diminished by disruption of patient's anti-tumor immunity. Chemotherapy-generated tumor cell debris could hijack accumulated tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), provoking tumor recurrence. Therefore, reprogramming TAMs to acquire an immunocompetent phenotype is a promising strategy to potentiate therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we analyzed the proportion of immune cells in the breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy. To validate our findings in vivo, we used a syngeneic murine breast cancer (4T1) model. Chemotherapy generates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in breast cancer. Here, we show that phagocytic engulfment of tumor cell debris by TAMs reduces chemotherapeutic efficacy in a 4T1 breast cancer model. Specifically, the engulfment of tumor cell debris by macrophages reduced M1-like polarization through heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) upregulation. Conversely, genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of HO-1 in TAMs restored the M1-like polarization. Our results demonstrate that tumor cell debris-induced HO-1 expression in macrophages regulates their polarization. Inhibition of HO-1 overexpression in TAMs may provoke a robust anti-tumor immune response, thereby potentiating the efficacy of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyeon Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03087, South Korea; Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Soma Saeidi
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Xiancai Zhong
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Shin-Young Gwak
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Ishrat Aklima Muna
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Sin-Aye Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, South Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Kim
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Na
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Knowledge-based Services Engineering, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul 01133, South Korea
| | - Yeonsoo Joe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| | - Hun Taeg Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Eun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03087, South Korea
| | - Wonshik Han
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03087, South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03087, South Korea; Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
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12
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Antioxidation and Antiapoptosis Characteristics of Heme Oxygenase-1 Enhance Tumorigenesis of Human Prostate Carcinoma Cells. Transl Oncol 2019; 13:102-112. [PMID: 31810001 PMCID: PMC6909070 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties and is deemed as a tissue protector. However, effects of HO-1 in prostate cancer remain in controversy. We evaluated the role of HO-1 in prostate carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of HO-1 did not affect prostate cell proliferation in the normal condition but enhanced cell proliferation under serum starvation. HO-1 overexpression enhanced cell invasion of PC-3 cells through epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction, which was supported by increased Slug, N-cadherin, and vimentin expressions. In the xenograft animal study, HO-1 overexpression enhanced PC-3 cell tumor growth in vivo. HO-1 attenuated reactive oxygen species induced by H2O2 or pyocyanin treatment in PC-3 and DU145 cells. HO-1 further reduced PC-3 and DU145 cell apoptosis induced by H2O2 or serum starvation. Our results suggested that HO-1 was able to increase prostate carcinoma cell invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. The EMT induction and antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of HO-1 in the prostate carcinoma cells may be responsible for these findings.
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13
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Ho CJ, Gorski SM. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Autophagy-Mediated Treatment Resistance in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1775. [PMID: 31717997 PMCID: PMC6896088 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in diagnostic tools and therapeutic options, treatment resistance remains a challenge for many cancer patients. Recent studies have found evidence that autophagy, a cellular pathway that delivers cytoplasmic components to lysosomes for degradation and recycling, contributes to treatment resistance in different cancer types. A role for autophagy in resistance to chemotherapies and targeted therapies has been described based largely on associations with various signaling pathways, including MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling. However, our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of autophagy in facilitating treatment resistance remains limited. Here we provide a comprehensive summary of the evidence linking autophagy to major signaling pathways in the context of treatment resistance and tumor progression, and then highlight recently emerged molecular mechanisms underlying autophagy and the p62/KEAP1/NRF2 and FOXO3A/PUMA axes in chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cally J. Ho
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada;
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Sharon M. Gorski
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada;
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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14
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Adamo H, Hammarsten P, Hägglöf C, Dahl Scherdin T, Egevad L, Stattin P, Halin Bergström S, Bergh A. Prostate cancer induces C/EBPβ expression in surrounding epithelial cells which relates to tumor aggressiveness and patient outcome. Prostate 2019; 79:435-445. [PMID: 30536410 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implantation of rat prostate cancer cells into the normal rat prostate results in tumor-stimulating adaptations in the tumor-bearing organ. Similar changes are seen in prostate cancer patients and they are related to outcome. One gene previously found to be upregulated in the non-malignant part of tumor-bearing prostate lobe in rats was the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-β (C/EBPβ). METHODS To explore this further, we examined C/EBPβ expression by quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot in normal rat prostate tissue surrounding slow-growing non-metastatic Dunning G, rapidly growing poorly metastatic (AT-1), and rapidly growing highly metastatic (MatLyLu) rat prostate tumors-and also by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray (TMA) from prostate cancer patients managed by watchful waiting. RESULTS In rats, C/EBPβ mRNA expression was upregulated in the surrounding tumor-bearing prostate lobe. In tumors and in the surrounding non-malignant prostate tissue, C/EBPβ was detected by immunohistochemistry in some epithelial cells and in infiltrating macrophages. The magnitude of glandular epithelial C/EBPβ expression in the tumor-bearing prostates was associated with tumor size, distance to the tumor, and metastatic capacity. In prostate cancer patients, high expression of C/EBPβ in glandular epithelial cells in the surrounding tumor-bearing tissue was associated with accumulation of M1 macrophages (iNOS+) and favorable outcome. High expression of C/EBPβ in tumor epithelial cells was associated with high Gleason score, high tumor cell proliferation, metastases, and poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS This study suggest that the expression of C/EBP-beta, a transcription factor mediating multiple biological effects, is differentially expressed both in the benign parts of the tumor-bearing prostate and in prostate tumors, and that alterations in this may be related to patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanibal Adamo
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Peter Hammarsten
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christina Hägglöf
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tove Dahl Scherdin
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Egevad
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pär Stattin
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Anders Bergh
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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15
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Heme Oxygenase 1 Impairs Glucocorticoid Receptor Activity in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051006. [PMID: 30813528 PMCID: PMC6429053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are used during prostate cancer (PCa) treatment. However, they may also have the potential to drive castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) growth via the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Given the association between inflammation and PCa, and the anti-inflammatory role of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), we aimed at identifying the molecular processes governed by the interaction between HO-1 and GR. PCa-derived cell lines were treated with Hemin, Dexamethasone (Dex), or both. We studied GR gene expression by RTqPCR, protein expression by Western Blot, transcriptional activity using reporter assays, and nuclear translocation by confocal microscopy. We also evaluated the expression of HO-1, FKBP51, and FKBP52 by Western Blot. Hemin pre-treatment reduced Dex-induced GR activity in PC3 cells. Protein levels of FKBP51, a cytoplasmic GR-binding immunophilin, were significantly increased in Hemin+Dex treated cells, possibly accounting for lower GR activity. We also evaluated these treatments in vivo using PC3 tumors growing as xenografts. We found non-significant differences in tumor growth among treatments. Immunohistochemistry analyses revealed strong nuclear GR staining in almost all groups. We did not observe HO-1 staining in tumor cells, but high HO-1 reactivity was detected in tumor infiltrating macrophages. Our results suggest an association and crossed modulation between HO-1 and GR pathways.
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16
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Pei L, Kong Y, Shao C, Yue X, Wang Z, Zhang N. Heme oxygenase-1 induction mediates chemoresistance of breast cancer cells to pharmorubicin by promoting autophagy via PI3K/Akt pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:5311-5321. [PMID: 30216645 PMCID: PMC6201364 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Concerns about breast cancer had become the most dangerous cancer to women over the world, more and more anti‐cancer agents are developed to treat this malignancy. Pharmorubicin is a cytotoxic drug, widely used in the treatment of breast cancer, but its role is limited because of chemoresistance produced by cells. This study focused on exploring the influence of autophagy on the resistance of pharmorubicin in breast cancer cells. Methods The cell survival of breast cancer cells was detected by MTT. The mRNA expression of heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) was tested by qRT‐PCR. The protein expression of HO‐1, autophagic proteins (LC3‐I,LC3‐II and Beclin‐1), PI3K and Akt was detected by Western blot. Cell autophagy was examined by Cyto‐ID Autophagy Detection Kit. Results After being treated with pharmorubicin, the expression of HO‐1 and autophagy related proteins was significantly enhanced, but the cell survival ratio in the two cell lines decreased. After autophagy was inhibited, HO‐1 expression in two cells was down‐regulated. When pharmorubicin‐resistant cells were transfected with si‐HO‐1, the cell survival decreased and the protein expression of HO‐1, autophagic proteins (LC3‐II/LC3‐I and Beclin‐1) as well as autophagy were all down‐regulated, while in pharmorubicin‐resistant cells transfected with pcDNA3.1‐HO‐1, the results were reverse. When the PI3K or Akt was inhibited, PI3K, p‐Akt, HO‐1, autophagic proteins and autophagy were decreased remarkably. Conclusion It was proved that HO‐1 induction mediated chemoresistance of pharmorubicin in breast cancer cells by promoting autophagy via PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Pei
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Hospital of Pingyi County, Pingyi, Shangdong, China
| | - Yirong Kong
- Department of the Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Changfeng Shao
- Department of Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Yue
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Hospital of Pingyi County, Pingyi, Shangdong, China
| | - Zongling Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Hospital of Pingyi County, Pingyi, Shangdong, China
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17
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Santoni M, Cheng L, Conti A, Mariani C, Lopez-Beltran A, Montironi R, Battelli N. Activity and Functions of Tumor-associated Macrophages in Prostate Carcinogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eursup.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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18
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Jaworski FM, Gentilini LD, Gueron G, Meiss RP, Ortiz EG, Berguer PM, Ahmed A, Navone N, Rabinovich GA, Compagno D, Laderach DJ, Vazquez ES. In Vivo Hemin Conditioning Targets the Vascular and Immunologic Compartments and Restrains Prostate Tumor Development. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:5135-5148. [PMID: 28512172 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Conditioning strategies constitute a relatively unexplored and exciting opportunity to shape tumor fate by targeting the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we assessed how hemin, a pharmacologic inducer of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), has an impact on prostate cancer development in an in vivo conditioning model.Experimental Design: The stroma of C57BL/6 mice was conditioned by subcutaneous administration of hemin prior to TRAMP-C1 tumor challenge. Complementary in vitro and in vivo assays were performed to evaluate hemin effect on both angiogenesis and the immune response. To gain clinical insight, we used prostate cancer patient-derived samples in our studies to assess the expression of HO-1 and other relevant genes.Results: Conditioning resulted in increased tumor latency and decreased initial growth rate. Histologic analysis of tumors grown in conditioned mice revealed impaired vascularization. Hemin-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) exhibited decreased tubulogenesis in vitro only in the presence of TRAMP-C1-conditioned media. Subcutaneous hemin conditioning hindered tumor-associated neovascularization in an in vivo Matrigel plug assay. In addition, hemin boosted CD8+ T-cell proliferation and degranulation in vitro and antigen-specific cytotoxicity in vivo A significant systemic increase in CD8+ T-cell frequency was observed in preconditioned tumor-bearing mice. Tumors from hemin-conditioned mice showed reduced expression of galectin-1 (Gal-1), key modulator of tumor angiogenesis and immunity, evidencing persistent remodeling of the microenvironment. We also found a subset of prostate cancer patient-derived xenografts and prostate cancer patient samples with mild HO-1 and low Gal-1 expression levels.Conclusions: These results highlight a novel function of a human-used drug as a means of boosting the antitumor response. Clin Cancer Res; 23(17); 5135-48. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe M Jaworski
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Departamento de Química Biológica (QB), Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Departamento de Química Biológica (QB), Laboratorio de Glico-Oncología Molecular y Funcional, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas D Gentilini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Departamento de Química Biológica (QB), Laboratorio de Glico-Oncología Molecular y Funcional, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Geraldine Gueron
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Departamento de Química Biológica (QB), Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roberto P Meiss
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Oncological Studies, National Academy of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Emiliano G Ortiz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Departamento de Química Biológica (QB), Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula M Berguer
- Fundación Instituto Leloir (FIL) - IIBBA - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Asif Ahmed
- Aston Medical Research Institute, Aston Medical School, University of Aston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nora Navone
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and the David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Compagno
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Departamento de Química Biológica (QB), Laboratorio de Glico-Oncología Molecular y Funcional, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego J Laderach
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Departamento de Química Biológica (QB), Laboratorio de Glico-Oncología Molecular y Funcional, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elba S Vazquez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Departamento de Química Biológica (QB), Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cáncer, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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19
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Strömvall K, Thysell E, Halin Bergström S, Bergh A. Aggressive rat prostate tumors reprogram the benign parts of the prostate and regional lymph nodes prior to metastasis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176679. [PMID: 28472073 PMCID: PMC5417597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to grow and spread tumors need to interact with adjacent tissues. We therefore hypothesized that small but aggressive prostate cancers influence the rest of the prostate and regional lymph nodes differently than tumors that are more indolent. Poorly metastatic (Dunning AT1) or highly metastatic (Dunning MLL) rat prostate tumor cells were injected into the ventral prostate lobe of immunocompetent rats. After 10 days—when the tumors occupied about 30% of the prostate lobe and lymph node metastases were undetectable—the global gene expression in tumors, benign parts of the prostate, and regional iliac lymph nodes were examined to define tumor-induced changes related to preparation for future metastasis. The tumors induced profound effects on the gene expression profiles in the benign parts of the prostate and these were strikingly different in the two tumor models. Gene ontology enrichment analysis suggested that tumors with high metastatic capacity were more successful than less metastatic tumors in inducing tumor-promoting changes and suppressing anti-tumor immune responses in the entire prostate. Some of these differences such as altered angiogenesis, nerve density, accumulation of T-cells and macrophages were verified by immunohistochemistry. Gene expression alterations in the regional lymph nodes suggested decreased quantity and activation of immune cells in MLL-lymph nodes that were also verified by immunostaining. In summary, even when small highly metastatic prostate tumors can affect the entire tumor-bearing organ and pre-metastatic lymph nodes differently than less metastatic tumors. When the kinetics of these extratumoral influences (by us named TINT = tumor instructed normal tissue) are more precisely defined they could potentially be used as markers of disease aggressiveness and become therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Strömvall
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Elin Thysell
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Anders Bergh
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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