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Agrawal RR, Larrea D, Xu Y, Shi L, Zirpoli H, Cummins LG, Emmanuele V, Song D, Yun TD, Macaluso FP, Min W, Kernie SG, Deckelbaum RJ, Area-Gomez E. Alzheimer's-Associated Upregulation of Mitochondria-Associated ER Membranes After Traumatic Brain Injury. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:2219-2241. [PMID: 36571634 PMCID: PMC10287820 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) through mechanisms that remain incompletely characterized. Similar to AD, TBI models present with cellular metabolic alterations and modulated cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Specifically, AD and TBI tissues display increases in amyloid-β as well as its precursor, the APP C-terminal fragment of 99 a.a. (C99). Our recent data in cell models of AD indicate that C99, due to its affinity for cholesterol, induces the formation of transient lipid raft domains in the ER known as mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes ("MAM" domains). The formation of these domains recruits and activates specific lipid metabolic enzymes that regulate cellular cholesterol trafficking and sphingolipid turnover. Increased C99 levels in AD cell models promote MAM formation and significantly modulate cellular lipid homeostasis. Here, these phenotypes were recapitulated in the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of TBI in adult mice. Specifically, the injured cortex and hippocampus displayed significant increases in C99 and MAM activity, as measured by phospholipid synthesis, sphingomyelinase activity and cholesterol turnover. In addition, our cell type-specific lipidomics analyses revealed significant changes in microglial lipid composition that are consistent with the observed alterations in MAM-resident enzymes. Altogether, we propose that alterations in the regulation of MAM and relevant lipid metabolic pathways could contribute to the epidemiological connection between TBI and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi R Agrawal
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., Presbyterian Hospital 15E-1512, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Denali Therapeutics Inc., 161 Oyster Point Blvd., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
| | - Delfina Larrea
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W. 168th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yimeng Xu
- Biomarkers Core Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168th St., Presbyterian Hospital 10-105, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Lingyan Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Havemeyer Hall, New York, NY, 10027, USA
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Hylde Zirpoli
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., Presbyterian Hospital 15E-1512, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Leslie G Cummins
- Analytical Imaging Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Valentina Emmanuele
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W. 168th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Donghui Song
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Havemeyer Hall, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Taekyung D Yun
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W. 168th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Frank P Macaluso
- Analytical Imaging Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Wei Min
- Biomarkers Core Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168th St., Presbyterian Hospital 10-105, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Steven G Kernie
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W. 168th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168th St., Presbyterian Hospital 17, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Richard J Deckelbaum
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., Presbyterian Hospital 15E-1512, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168th St., Presbyterian Hospital 17, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Estela Area-Gomez
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., Presbyterian Hospital 15E-1512, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 710 W. 168th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas - CSIC, C. Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Waltzman D, Sarmiento K, Daugherty J, Lumba-Brown A, Klevens J, Miller GF. Firearm-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Homicides in the United States, 2000-2019. Neurosurgery 2023; 93:43-49. [PMID: 36727717 PMCID: PMC10391713 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of homicide-related death in the United States. Penetrating TBI associated with firearms is a unique injury with an exceptionally high mortality rate that requires specialized neurocritical trauma care. OBJECTIVE To report incidence patterns of firearm-related and nonfirearm-related TBI homicides in the United States between 2000 and 2019 by demographic characteristics to provide foundational data for prevention and treatment strategies. METHODS Data were obtained from multiple cause of death records from the National Vital Statistics System using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database for the years 2000 to 2019. Number, age-adjusted rates, and percent of firearm and nonfirearm-related TBI homicides by demographic characteristics were calculated. Temporal trends were also evaluated. RESULTS During the study period, there were 77 602 firearm-related TBI homicides. Firearms were involved in the majority (68%) of all TBI homicides. Overall, men, people living in metro areas, and non-Hispanic Black persons had higher rates of firearm-related TBI homicides. The rate of nonfirearm-related TBI homicides declined by 40%, whereas the rate of firearm-related TBI homicides only declined by 3% during the study period. There was a notable increase in the rate of firearm-related TBI homicides from 2012/2013 through 2019 for women (20%) and nonmetro residents (39%). CONCLUSION Firearm-related violence is an important public health problem and is associated with the majority of TBI homicide deaths in the United States. The findings from this study may be used to inform prevention and guide further research to improve treatment strategies directed at reducing TBI homicides involving firearms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Waltzman
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Division of Injury Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kelly Sarmiento
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Division of Injury Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jill Daugherty
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Division of Injury Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Joanne Klevens
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Division of Injury Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gabrielle F. Miller
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Division of Injury Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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3
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Boutté AM, Thangavelu B, Anagli J. Opinion: The Potential Role of Amyloid Beta Peptides as Biomarkers of Subconcussion and Concussion. Front Neurol 2022; 13:941151. [PMID: 35903122 PMCID: PMC9315433 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.941151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Boutté
- Aries Biotechnologies, Oakland, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Angela M. Boutté
| | | | - John Anagli
- NeuroTheranostics, Inc., Detroit, MI, United States
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Dagra A, Barpujari A, Bauer SZ, Olowofela BO, Mohamed S, McGrath K, Robinson C, Robicsek S, Snyder A, Lucke-Wold B. Epigenetics of Neurotrauma. NEUROLOGY (CHICAGO, ILL.) 2022; 2:42-47. [PMID: 36507115 PMCID: PMC9732507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic changes have been linked to a host of disease states. Besides the physiological function of epigenetic changes in regulating cellular function, recent data indicates that key changes in epigenetic activity also play an important pathophysiologic role following neurotrauma specifically. Such manifestations occur through the activation or silencing of different genes. Histone methylation has emerged as a critical component of this process and can be selectively modulated after injury. Pre-clinical studies have resulted in key discoveries regarding specific methylation sites of interest. This focused review highlights some of these early findings and their relationship to clinical outcomes. These findings suggest areas of future investigation and discovery in the quest to develop ideal biomarkers and methods to utilize them in developing therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dagra
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, USA
| | - A Barpujari
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Florida, USA
| | - SZ Bauer
- College of Medicine, University of Nevada, USA
| | | | - S Mohamed
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, USA
| | - K McGrath
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, USA
| | - C Robinson
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, and Brain Injury Rehabilitation and Neuroresilience Center, University of Florida, USA
| | - S Robicsek
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida, USA
| | - A Snyder
- Department of Neuropsychology, University of Florida, USA
| | - B Lucke-Wold
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, USA
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An update on the association between traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's disease: Focus on Tau pathology and synaptic dysfunction. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 120:372-386. [PMID: 33171143 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
L.P. Li, J.W. Liang and H.J. Fu. An update on the association between traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's disease: Focus on Tau pathology and synaptic dysfunction. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REVXXX-XXX,2020.-Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are devastating conditions that have long-term consequences on individual's cognitive functions. Although TBI has been considered a risk factor for the development of AD, the link between TBI and AD is still in debate. Aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau and intercorrelated synaptic dysfunction, two key pathological elements in both TBI and AD, play a pivotal role in mediating neurodegeneration and cognitive deficits, providing a mechanistic link between these two diseases. In the first part of this review, we analyze the experimental literatures on tau pathology in various TBI models and review the distribution, biological features and mechanisms of tau pathology following TBI with implications in AD pathogenesis. In the second part, we review evidences of TBI-mediated structural and functional impairments in synapses, with a focus on the overlapped mechanisms underlying synaptic abnormalities in both TBI and AD. Finally, future perspectives are proposed for uncovering the complex relationship between TBI and neurodegeneration, and developing potential therapeutic avenues for alleviating cognitive deficits after TBI.
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6
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Thangavelu B, Wilfred BS, Johnson D, Gilsdorf JS, Shear DA, Boutté AM. Penetrating Ballistic-Like Brain Injury Leads to MicroRNA Dysregulation, BACE1 Upregulation, and Amyloid Precursor Protein Loss in Lesioned Rat Brain Tissues. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:915. [PMID: 33071724 PMCID: PMC7530327 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. Yet, the molecular events involving dysregulated miRNAs that may be associated with protein degradation in the brain remains elusive. Quantitation of more than 800 miRNAs was conducted using rat ipsilateral coronal brain tissues collected 1, 3, or 7 days after penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI). As a control for each time-point, Sham-operated animals received craniotomy alone. Microarray and systems biology analysis indicated that the amplitude and complexity of miRNAs affected were greatest 7 day after PBBI. Arrays and Q-PCR inferred that dysregulation of miR-135a, miR-328, miR-29c, and miR-21 were associated with altered levels of beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), PSEN1, PSEN2, and amyloid precursor protein (APP) genes. These events were followed by increased levels of mature BACE1 protein and concomitant loss of full length APP within 3–7 days, then elevation of amyloid beta (Aβ)-40 7 days after PBBI. This study indicates that miRNA arrays, coupled with systems biology, may be used to guide study design prior validation of miRNA dysregulation. Associative analysis of miRNAs, mRNAs, and proteins within a proposed pathway are poised for further validation as biomarkers and therapeutic targets relevant to TBI-induced APP loss and subsequent Aβ peptide generation during neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharani Thangavelu
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Bernard S Wilfred
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - David Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Area Laboratory Services, Landstuhl Regional Medical Center, Landstuhl, Germany
| | - Janice S Gilsdorf
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Deborah A Shear
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Angela M Boutté
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
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7
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Agrawal RR, Montesinos J, Larrea D, Area-Gomez E, Pera M. The silence of the fats: A MAM's story about Alzheimer. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 145:105062. [PMID: 32866617 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of contact sites was a breakthrough in cell biology. We have learned that an organelle cannot function in isolation, and that many cellular functions depend on communication between two or more organelles. One such contact site results from the close apposition of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, known as mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs). These intracellular lipid rafts serve as hubs for the regulation of cellular lipid and calcium homeostasis, and a growing body of evidence indicates that MAM domains modulate cellular function in both health and disease. Indeed, MAM dysfunction has been described as a key event in Alzheimer disease (AD) pathogenesis. Our most recent work shows that, by means of its affinity for cholesterol, APP-C99 accumulates in MAM domains of the ER and induces the uptake of extracellular cholesterol as well as its trafficking from the plasma membrane to the ER. As a result, MAM functionality becomes chronically upregulated while undergoing continual turnover. The goal of this review is to discuss the consequences of C99 elevation in AD, specifically the upregulation of cholesterol trafficking and MAM activity, which abrogate cellular lipid homeostasis and disrupt the lipid composition of cellular membranes. Overall, we present a novel framework for AD pathogenesis that can be linked to the many complex alterations that occur during disease progression, and that may open a door to new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi R Agrawal
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jorge Montesinos
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Delfina Larrea
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Estela Area-Gomez
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA; Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Marta Pera
- Departament of Basic Sciences, Facultat de Medicina I Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Sant Cugat del Vallés, 08195, Spain.
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8
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Shah EJ, Gurdziel K, Ruden DM. Drosophila Exhibit Divergent Sex-Based Responses in Transcription and Motor Function After Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Neurol 2020; 11:511. [PMID: 32636795 PMCID: PMC7316956 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Every year, millions of people in the US suffer brain damage from mild to severe traumatic brain injuries (TBI) that result from a sudden impact to the head. Despite TBI being a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, sex differences that contribute to varied outcomes post-injury are not extensively studied and therefore, poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to explore biological sex as a variable influencing response to TBI using Drosophila melanogaster as a model, since flies have been shown to exhibit symptoms commonly seen in other mammalian models of TBI. After inflicting TBI using the high-impact trauma device, we isolated w1118 fly brains and assessed gene transcription changes in male and female flies at control and 1, 2, and 4 hr after TBI. Our results suggest that overall, Drosophila females show more gene transcript changes than males. Females also exhibit upregulated expression changes in immune response and mitochondrial genes across all time-points. In addition, we looked at the impact of injury on mitochondrial health and motor function in both sexes before and after injury. Although both sexes report similar changes in mitochondrial oxidation and negative geotaxis, locomotor activity appears to be more impaired in males than females. These data suggest that sex-differences not only influence the response to TBI but also contribute to varied outcomes post-injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta J Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Katherine Gurdziel
- Office of the Vice President for Research, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Douglas M Ruden
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.,Office of the Vice President for Research, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.,Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
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9
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Boutté AM, Hook V, Thangavelu B, Sarkis GA, Abbatiello BN, Hook G, Jacobsen JS, Robertson CS, Gilsdorf J, Yang Z, Wang KKW, Shear DA. Penetrating Traumatic Brain Injury Triggers Dysregulation of Cathepsin B Protein Levels Independent of Cysteine Protease Activity in Brain and Cerebral Spinal Fluid. J Neurotrauma 2020; 37:1574-1586. [PMID: 31973644 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2019.6537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin B (CatB), a lysosomal cysteine protease, is important to brain function and may have dual utility as a peripheral biomarker of moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). The present study determined levels of pro- and mature (mat) CatB protein as well as cysteine protease activity within the frontal cortex (FC; proximal injury site), hippocampus (HC; distal injury site), and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) collected 1-7 days after craniotomy and penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI) in rats. Values were compared with naïve controls. Further, the utility of CatB protein as a translational biomarker was determined in CSF derived from patients with severe TBI. Craniotomy increased matCatB levels in the FC and HC, and led to elevation of HC activity at day 7. PBBI caused an even greater elevation in matCatB within the FC and HC within 3-7 days. After PBBI, cysteine protease activity peaked at 3 days in the FC and was elevated at 1 day and 7 days, but not 3 days, in the HC. In rat CSF, proCatB, matCatB, and cysteine protease activity peaked at 3 days after craniotomy and PBBI. Addition of CA-074, a CatB-specific inhibitor, confirmed that protease activity was due to active matCatB in rat brain tissues and CSF at all time-points. In patients, CatB protein was detectable from 6 h through 10 days after TBI. Notably, CatB levels were significantly higher in CSF collected within 3 days after TBI compared with non-TBI controls. Collectively, this work indicates that CatB and its cysteine protease activity may serve as collective molecular signatures of TBI progression that differentially vary within both proximal and distal brain regions. CatB and its protease activity may have utility as a surrogate, translational biomarker of acute-subacute TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Boutté
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Vivian Hook
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Bharani Thangavelu
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - George Anis Sarkis
- Program for Neurotrauma, Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachussets, USA
| | - Brittany N Abbatiello
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Gregory Hook
- American Life Science Pharmaceuticals, Inc., La Jolla, California, USA
| | - J Steven Jacobsen
- American Life Science Pharmaceuticals, Inc., La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Claudia S Robertson
- The Center for Neurosurgical Intensive Care, Ben Taub General Hospital Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Janice Gilsdorf
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Program for Neurotrauma, Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kevin K W Wang
- Program for Neurotrauma, Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Deborah A Shear
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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Selvaraj P, Wen J, Tanaka M, Zhang Y. Therapeutic Effect of a Novel Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibitor PF04457845 in the Repetitive Closed Head Injury Mouse Model. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:1655-1669. [PMID: 30526351 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Concussive traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the predominant type of brain injury in young adults and is a risk factor for the development of chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other neurodegenerative diseases late in life. Using a repetitive closed head injury mouse model, we found that treatment with PF04457845, a novel fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor that selectively elevated the brain levels of anandamide, improved locomotor function, learning, and memory in TBI mice examined by beam walk, Y-maze, and Morris water maze tests. The accumulation of microglia and astrocytes and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), in the ipsilateral TBI mouse cortex and hippocampus were significantly reduced by drug treatment. The increased expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP), phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau), phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (pGSK3β) and p35/p25 subunits and the decreased expression of the pre-synaptic proteins, synaptophysin, synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP25), and cysteine string protein alpha (α-CSP), in TBI mouse brain were also normalized by PF04458745 treatment. The improved locomotor function and working memory were partially mediated by activation of both cannabinoid (CB)1 and CB2 receptors, whereas the improvement on spatial learning and memory seemed to be CB1 receptor dependent. Interestingly, the blockage of PF04457845 on the reduced expression of synaptophysin, but not SNAP25 and α-CSP, was reversed by coadministration of the CB1 receptor antagonist. These results suggest that the therapeutic effect of PF04457845 is mediated by both cannabinoid receptor dependent and independent mechanisms, and selective inhibition of FAAH possesses a great potential for the treatment of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhuanand Selvaraj
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.,2 Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jie Wen
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mikiei Tanaka
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yumin Zhang
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.,2 Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
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11
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Wrede AH, Shah A, McNamara MC, Montazami R, Hashemi NN. Controlled positioning of microbubbles and induced cavitation using a dual-frequency transducer and microfiber adhesion techniques. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 43:114-119. [PMID: 29555266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report a study on two methods that enable spatial control and induced cavitation on targeted microbubbles (MBs). Cavitation is known to be present in many situations throughout nature. This phenomena has been proven to have the energy to erode alloys, like steel, in propellers and turbines. It is recently theorized that cavitation occurs inside the skull during a traumatic-brain injury (TBI) situation. Controlled cavitation methods could help better understand TBIs and explain how neurons respond at moments of trauma. Both of our approaches involve an ultrasonic transducer and bio-compatible Polycaprolactone (PCL) microfibers. These methods are reproducible as well as affordable, providing more control and efficiency compared to previous techniques found in literature. We specifically model three-dimensional spatial control of individual MBs using a 1.6 MHz transducer. Using a 100 kHz transducer, we also illustrate induced cavitation on an individual MB that is adhered to the surface of a PCL microfiber. The goal of future studies will involve characterization of neuronal response to cavitation and seek to unmask its linkage with TBIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex H Wrede
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Aarthy Shah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Marilyn C McNamara
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Reza Montazami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Center for Advanced Host Defense Immunobiotics and Translational Comparative Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Nicole N Hashemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Center for Advanced Host Defense Immunobiotics and Translational Comparative Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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Kokiko-Cochran ON, Godbout JP. The Inflammatory Continuum of Traumatic Brain Injury and Alzheimer's Disease. Front Immunol 2018; 9:672. [PMID: 29686672 PMCID: PMC5900037 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The post-injury inflammatory response is a key mediator in long-term recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Moreover, the immune response to TBI, mediated by microglia and macrophages, is influenced by existing brain pathology and by secondary immune challenges. For example, recent evidence shows that the presence of beta-amyloid and phosphorylated tau protein, two hallmark features of AD that increase during normal aging, substantially alter the macrophage response to TBI. Additional data demonstrate that post-injury microglia are “primed” and become hyper-reactive following a subsequent acute immune challenge thereby worsening recovery. These alterations may increase the incidence of neuropsychiatric complications after TBI and may also increase the frequency of neurodegenerative pathology. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize experimental studies examining the relationship between TBI and development of AD-like pathology with an emphasis on the acute and chronic microglial and macrophage response following injury. Furthermore, studies will be highlighted that examine the degree to which beta-amyloid and tau accumulation as well as pre- and post-injury immune stressors influence outcome after TBI. Collectively, the studies described in this review suggest that the brain’s immune response to injury is a key mediator in recovery, and if compromised by previous, coincident, or subsequent immune stressors, post-injury pathology and behavioral recovery will be altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga N Kokiko-Cochran
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jonathan P Godbout
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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13
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Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Recent studies suggest that amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposit can be detected several years after TBI. However, it is unknown whether post-TBI Aβ deposits arise from short-term changes in Aβ metabolism or reflect a long-term sequela. To answer this question, we evaluated the cerebrospinal levels of Aβ several months after a severe TBI. The participants of this study were eight consecutive patients who developed a disorder of consciousness after a TBI, including seven in a minimally conscious state and one with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (mean age: 35.4±14.2 years, mean time since brain injury 297.9±189.8 days). Cerebrospinal Aβ1-42 peptide was measured using a commercially available Aβ enzyme-linked immunoassay kit. Reduced Aβ1-42 levels were observed in seven of eight (87.5%) patients with severe post-TBI disorders of consciousness, with the magnitude of reduction among these seven patients ranging from 27 to 75.1% of the lower normal limit. These results point to prolonged changes in Aβ metabolism after a TBI and they suggest a potential mechanism of long-term neurotoxicity.
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14
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Glushakova OY, Glushakov AO, Borlongan CV, Valadka AB, Hayes RL, Glushakov AV. Role of Caspase-3-Mediated Apoptosis in Chronic Caspase-3-Cleaved Tau Accumulation and Blood–Brain Barrier Damage in the Corpus Callosum after Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats. J Neurotrauma 2018. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.4999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Olena Y. Glushakova
- Department of Neurosurgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Andriy O. Glushakov
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Cesar V. Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Alex B. Valadka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Ronald L. Hayes
- Department of Neurosurgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Banyan Biomarkers, Inc., Alachua, Florida
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Gill J, Cashion A, Osier N, Arcurio L, Motamedi V, Dell KC, Carr W, Kim HS, Yun S, Walker P, Ahlers S, LoPresti M, Yarnell A. Moderate blast exposure alters gene expression and levels of amyloid precursor protein. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2017; 3:e186. [PMID: 28975156 PMCID: PMC5618107 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore gene expression after moderate blast exposure (vs baseline) and proteomic changes after moderate- (vs low-) blast exposure. METHODS Military personnel (N = 69) donated blood for quantification of protein level, and peak pressure exposures were detected by helmet sensors before and during a blast training program (10 days total). On day 7, some participants (n = 29) sustained a moderate blast (mean peak pressure = 7.9 psi) and were matched to participants with no/low-blast exposure during the training (n = 40). PAXgene tubes were collected from one training site at baseline and day 10; RNA-sequencing day 10 expression was compared with each participant's own baseline samples to identify genes and pathways differentially expressed in moderate blast-exposed participants. Changes in amyloid precursor protein (APP) from baseline to the day of blast and following 2 days were evaluated. Symptoms were assessed using a self-reported form. RESULTS We identified 1,803 differentially expressed genes after moderate blast exposure; the most altered network was APP. Significantly reduced levels of peripheral APP were detected the day after the moderate blast exposure and the following day. Protein concentrations correlated with the magnitude of the moderate blast exposure on days 8 and 9. APP concentrations returned to baseline levels 3 days following the blast, likely due to increases in the genetic expression of APP. Onset of concentration problems and headaches occurred after moderate blast. CONCLUSIONS Moderate blast exposure results in a signature biological profile that includes acute APP reductions, followed by genetic expression increases and normalization of APP levels; these changes likely influence neuronal recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gill
- Intramural Research Program, CNRM Co Director Biomarkers Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (J.G.) and National Institute of Nursing Research (A.C., N.O., L.A., V.M., H.-S.K., S.Y.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (K.C.D., M.L., A.Y.), Silver Spring; Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (W.C.), Fort Detrick; and Naval Medical Research Center (P.W., S.A.), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Ann Cashion
- Intramural Research Program, CNRM Co Director Biomarkers Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (J.G.) and National Institute of Nursing Research (A.C., N.O., L.A., V.M., H.-S.K., S.Y.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (K.C.D., M.L., A.Y.), Silver Spring; Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (W.C.), Fort Detrick; and Naval Medical Research Center (P.W., S.A.), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Nicole Osier
- Intramural Research Program, CNRM Co Director Biomarkers Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (J.G.) and National Institute of Nursing Research (A.C., N.O., L.A., V.M., H.-S.K., S.Y.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (K.C.D., M.L., A.Y.), Silver Spring; Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (W.C.), Fort Detrick; and Naval Medical Research Center (P.W., S.A.), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Lindsay Arcurio
- Intramural Research Program, CNRM Co Director Biomarkers Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (J.G.) and National Institute of Nursing Research (A.C., N.O., L.A., V.M., H.-S.K., S.Y.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (K.C.D., M.L., A.Y.), Silver Spring; Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (W.C.), Fort Detrick; and Naval Medical Research Center (P.W., S.A.), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Vida Motamedi
- Intramural Research Program, CNRM Co Director Biomarkers Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (J.G.) and National Institute of Nursing Research (A.C., N.O., L.A., V.M., H.-S.K., S.Y.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (K.C.D., M.L., A.Y.), Silver Spring; Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (W.C.), Fort Detrick; and Naval Medical Research Center (P.W., S.A.), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Kristine C Dell
- Intramural Research Program, CNRM Co Director Biomarkers Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (J.G.) and National Institute of Nursing Research (A.C., N.O., L.A., V.M., H.-S.K., S.Y.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (K.C.D., M.L., A.Y.), Silver Spring; Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (W.C.), Fort Detrick; and Naval Medical Research Center (P.W., S.A.), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Walter Carr
- Intramural Research Program, CNRM Co Director Biomarkers Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (J.G.) and National Institute of Nursing Research (A.C., N.O., L.A., V.M., H.-S.K., S.Y.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (K.C.D., M.L., A.Y.), Silver Spring; Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (W.C.), Fort Detrick; and Naval Medical Research Center (P.W., S.A.), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Hyung-Suk Kim
- Intramural Research Program, CNRM Co Director Biomarkers Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (J.G.) and National Institute of Nursing Research (A.C., N.O., L.A., V.M., H.-S.K., S.Y.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (K.C.D., M.L., A.Y.), Silver Spring; Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (W.C.), Fort Detrick; and Naval Medical Research Center (P.W., S.A.), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Sijung Yun
- Intramural Research Program, CNRM Co Director Biomarkers Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (J.G.) and National Institute of Nursing Research (A.C., N.O., L.A., V.M., H.-S.K., S.Y.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (K.C.D., M.L., A.Y.), Silver Spring; Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (W.C.), Fort Detrick; and Naval Medical Research Center (P.W., S.A.), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Peter Walker
- Intramural Research Program, CNRM Co Director Biomarkers Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (J.G.) and National Institute of Nursing Research (A.C., N.O., L.A., V.M., H.-S.K., S.Y.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (K.C.D., M.L., A.Y.), Silver Spring; Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (W.C.), Fort Detrick; and Naval Medical Research Center (P.W., S.A.), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Stephen Ahlers
- Intramural Research Program, CNRM Co Director Biomarkers Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (J.G.) and National Institute of Nursing Research (A.C., N.O., L.A., V.M., H.-S.K., S.Y.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (K.C.D., M.L., A.Y.), Silver Spring; Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (W.C.), Fort Detrick; and Naval Medical Research Center (P.W., S.A.), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Matthew LoPresti
- Intramural Research Program, CNRM Co Director Biomarkers Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (J.G.) and National Institute of Nursing Research (A.C., N.O., L.A., V.M., H.-S.K., S.Y.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (K.C.D., M.L., A.Y.), Silver Spring; Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (W.C.), Fort Detrick; and Naval Medical Research Center (P.W., S.A.), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Angela Yarnell
- Intramural Research Program, CNRM Co Director Biomarkers Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (J.G.) and National Institute of Nursing Research (A.C., N.O., L.A., V.M., H.-S.K., S.Y.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (K.C.D., M.L., A.Y.), Silver Spring; Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (W.C.), Fort Detrick; and Naval Medical Research Center (P.W., S.A.), Silver Spring, MD
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Abou-El-Hassan H, Sukhon F, Assaf EJ, Bahmad H, Abou-Abbass H, Jourdi H, Kobeissy FH. Degradomics in Neurotrauma: Profiling Traumatic Brain Injury. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1598:65-99. [PMID: 28508358 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6952-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Degradomics has recently emerged as a subdiscipline in the omics era with a focus on characterizing signature breakdown products implicated in various disease processes. Driven by promising experimental findings in cancer, neuroscience, and metabolomic disorders, degradomics has significantly promoted the notion of disease-specific "degradome." A degradome arises from the activation of several proteases that target specific substrates and generate signature protein fragments. Several proteases such as calpains, caspases, cathepsins, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases that disturb the physiologic balance between protein synthesis and protein degradation. While regulated proteolytic activities are needed for development, growth, and regeneration, uncontrolled proteolysis initiated under pathological conditions ultimately culminates into apoptotic and necrotic processes. In this chapter, we aim to review the protease-substrate repertoires in neural injury concentrating on traumatic brain injury. A striking diversity of protease substrates, essential for neuronal and brain structural and functional integrity, namely, encryptic biomarker neoproteins, have been characterized in brain injury. These include cytoskeletal proteins, transcription factors, cell cycle regulatory proteins, synaptic proteins, and cell junction proteins. As these substrates are subject to proteolytic fragmentation, they are ceaselessly exposed to activated proteases. Characterization of these molecules allows for a surge of "possible" therapeutic approaches of intervention at various levels of the proteolytic cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Abou-El-Hassan
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Fares Sukhon
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Edwyn Jeremy Assaf
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hisham Bahmad
- Faculty of Medical, Neuroscience Research Center, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hussein Abou-Abbass
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hussam Jourdi
- Faculty of Science¸ Department of Biology, University of Balamand, Souk-el-Gharb Campus, Aley, Lebanon
| | - Firas H Kobeissy
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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