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Li Y, Gao X, Huang Y, Zhu X, Chen Y, Xue L, Zhu Q, Wang B, Wu M. Tumor microenvironment promotes lymphatic metastasis of cervical cancer: its mechanisms and clinical implications. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1114042. [PMID: 37234990 PMCID: PMC10206119 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1114042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although previous studies have shed light on the etiology of cervical cancer, metastasis of advanced cervical cancer remains the main reason for the poor outcome and high cancer-related mortality rate. Cervical cancer cells closely communicate with immune cells recruited to the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as lymphocytes, tumor-associated macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. The crosstalk between tumors and immune cells has been clearly shown to foster metastatic dissemination. Therefore, unraveling the mechanisms of tumor metastasis is crucial to develop more effective therapies. In this review, we interpret several characteristics of the TME that promote the lymphatic metastasis of cervical cancer, such as immune suppression and premetastatic niche formation. Furthermore, we summarize the complex interactions between tumor cells and immune cells within the TME, as well as potential therapeutic strategies to target the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases; Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaofan Gao
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases; Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yibao Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases; Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoran Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases; Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases; Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liru Xue
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases; Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases; Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases; Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mingfu Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases; Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Yang C, Mai Z, Liu C, Yin S, Cai Y, Xia C. Natural Products in Preventing Tumor Drug Resistance and Related Signaling Pathways. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113513. [PMID: 35684449 PMCID: PMC9181879 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance is still an obstacle in cancer therapy, leading to the failure of tumor treatment. The emergence of tumor drug resistance has always been a main concern of oncologists. Therefore, overcoming tumor drug resistance and looking for new strategies for tumor treatment is a major focus in the field of tumor research. Natural products serve as effective substances against drug resistance because of their diverse chemical structures and pharmacological effects. We reviewed the signaling pathways involved in the development of tumor drug resistance, including Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Renin-angiotensin system (Ras), Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), Wnt, Notch, Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and their specific signaling pathway inhibitors derived from natural products. This can provide new ideas for the prevention of drug resistance in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuansheng Yang
- Department of Head-Neck and Breast Surgery, Yuebei People’s Hospital of Shantou University, Shaoguan 512027, China;
| | - Zhikai Mai
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China; (Z.M.); (C.L.); (S.Y.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Can Liu
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China; (Z.M.); (C.L.); (S.Y.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shuanghong Yin
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China; (Z.M.); (C.L.); (S.Y.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yantao Cai
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China; (Z.M.); (C.L.); (S.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (C.X.)
| | - Chenglai Xia
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China; (Z.M.); (C.L.); (S.Y.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (C.X.)
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Barillari G, Bei R, Manzari V, Modesti A. Infection by High-Risk Human Papillomaviruses, Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Squamous Pre-Malignant or Malignant Lesions of the Uterine Cervix: A Series of Chained Events? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13543. [PMID: 34948338 PMCID: PMC8703928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing requires static epithelial cells to gradually assume a mobile phenotype through a multi-step process termed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Although it is inherently transient and reversible, EMT perdures and is abnormally activated when the epithelium is chronically exposed to pathogens: this event deeply alters the tissue and eventually contributes to the development of diseases. Among the many of them is uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the most frequent malignancy of the female genital system. SCC, whose onset is associated with the persistent infection of the uterine cervix by high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), often relapses and/or metastasizes, being resistant to conventional chemo- or radiotherapy. Given that these fearsome clinical features may stem, at least in part, from the exacerbated and long-lasting EMT occurring in the HPV-infected cervix; here we have reviewed published studies concerning the impact that HPV oncoproteins, cellular tumor suppressors, regulators of gene expression, inflammatory cytokines or growth factors, and the interactions among these effectors have on EMT induction and cervical carcinogenesis. It is predictable and desirable that a broader comprehension of the role that EMT inducers play in SCC pathogenesis will provide indications to flourish new strategies directed against this aggressive tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Barillari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 1 via Montellier, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (A.M.)
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Gu M, He T, Yuan Y, Duan S, Li X, Shen C. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Multiple Pathways and the Tumor Microenvironment Could Lead to Chemotherapy Resistance in Cervical Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:753386. [PMID: 34900703 PMCID: PMC8662819 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.753386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological cancers worldwide. The tumor microenvironment significantly influences the therapeutic response and clinical outcome. However, the complex tumor microenvironment of cervical cancer and the molecular mechanisms underlying chemotherapy resistance are not well studied. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze cells from pretreated and chemoresistant cervical cancer tissues to generate a molecular census of cell populations. Methods Biopsy tissues collected from patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma, cervical adenocarcinoma, and chronic cervicitis were subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing using the 10× Genomics platform. Unsupervised clustering analysis of cells was performed to identify the main cell types, and important cell clusters were reclustered into subpopulations. Gene expression profiles and functional enrichment analysis were used to explore gene expression and functional differences between cell subpopulations in cervicitis and cervical cancer samples and between chemoresistant and chemosensitive samples. Results A total of 24,371 cells were clustered into nine separate cell types, including immune and non-immune cells. Differentially expressed genes between chemoresistant and chemosensitive patients enriched in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway were involved in tumor development, progression, and apoptosis, which might lead to chemotherapy resistance. Conclusions Our study provides a comprehensive overview of the cancer microenvironment landscape and characterizes its gene expression and functional difference in chemotherapy resistance. Consequently, our study deepens the insights into cervical cancer biology through the identification of gene markers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijia Gu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ti He
- Department of Scientific Research & Industrial Application, Beijing Microread Genetics Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yuncong Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Suling Duan
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Gynecology 2, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Li D, Cao Y, Wang J, Yang H, Liu W, Cui J, Wu W. Regulatory effect between HMGA2 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the carcinogenesis of sporadic colorectal tubular adenoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:849. [PMID: 34733367 PMCID: PMC8561620 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the high incidence of colorectal cancer worldwide, the underlying molecular mechanisms have been extensively investigated. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a key role in the carcinogenesis of colorectal adenoma. In addition, the high mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) protein, which is involved in several biological processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, transformation and metastasis, is expressed at significantly high levels in colorectal cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Currently, the role of HMGA2 in the carcinogenesis of sporadic colorectal tubular adenoma remains unclear. The downstream Wnt/β-catenin signaling molecule, T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancing factor (TCF/LEF), shares a similar domain with HMGA2, which enhances β-catenin transcriptional activity and TCF/LEF binding. Thus, the present study investigated the association between HMGA2 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and their role in the carcinogenesis of sporadic colorectal tubular adenoma via immunohistochemistry, siRNA, quantitative PCR and western blot analyses. The results demonstrated that the positive rate of HMGA2 expression gradually increased during tumor progression. Furthermore, HMGA2 expression was positively correlated with Wnt/β-catenin signaling protein expression [Wnt, β-catenin, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and cyclin D1], suggesting its involvement in the carcinogenesis of sporadic colorectal tubular adenoma and its potential to synergistically interact with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. HMGA2 knockdown in the human colorectal cancer cell line, HCT 116 decreased β-catenin expression and its downstream targets, CDK4 and cyclin D1. Furthermore, silencing of Wnt or β-catenin decreased HMGA2 expression. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest the coordinated regulation of HMGA2 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the carcinogenesis of sporadic colorectal tubular adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Cao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Weina Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Jinfeng Cui
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Wenxin Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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Peng P, Song H, Xie C, Zheng W, Ma H, Xin D, Zhan J, Yuan X, Chen A, Tao J, Qin J. miR-146a-5p-mediated suppression on trophoblast cell progression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in preeclampsia. Biol Res 2021; 54:30. [PMID: 34517910 PMCID: PMC8438983 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-021-00351-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to identify the effect of miR-146a-5p on trophoblast cell invasion as well as the mechanism in preeclampsia (PE). Methods Expression levels of miR-146a-5p and Wnt2 in preeclamptic and normal placentae were quantified. Trophoblast cells (HTR-8) were separately transfected with miR-146a-5p mimic, miR-146a-5p inhibitor, pcDNA3.1-Wnt2 or sh-Wnt2, and then the expression levels of miR-146a-5p, Wnt2, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins (Vimentin, N-cadherin and E-cadherin) were measured. Moreover, the proliferative, migratory and invasive capacities of trophoblast cells were detected, respectively. Dual luciferase reporter assay determined the binding of miR-146a-5p and Wnt2. Results Compared with normal placental tissues, the placentae from PE patients showed higher miR-146a-5p expression and lower Wnt2 expression. Transfection of miR-146a-5p inhibitor or pcDNA3.1-Wnt2 exerted pro-migratory and pro-invasive effects on HTR-8 cells and encouraged EMT in HTR-8 cells; transfection with miR-146a-5p mimic or sh-Wnt2 weakened the proliferative, migratory and invasive capacities as well as reduced EMT process of HTR-8 cells. Moreover, Wnt2 overexpression could partially counteract the suppressive effects of miR-146a-5p overexpression on the progression and EMT of HTR-8 cells. Conclusion miR-146a-5p mediates trophoblast cell proliferation and invasion through regulating Wnt2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Peng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huamei Song
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenghong Xie
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Zheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huigai Ma
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Xin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqiong Zhan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Tao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jufang Qin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First People's Hospital of Yichang, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, No. 4, Hudi Street, Xiling District, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Zhuang S, Yu X, Lu M, Li Y, Ding N, Ding Y. High mobility group box 3 promotes cervical cancer proliferation by regulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway. J Gynecol Oncol 2021; 31:e91. [PMID: 33078596 PMCID: PMC7593223 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2020.31.e91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective High mobility group box 3 (HMGB3) plays an important role in the development of various cancer. This study aims to explore whether HMGB3 regulates cervical cancer (CC) progression and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Methods HMGB3 expression in clinical patients' tumor samples were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. HMGB3 overexpression/knockdown were used to investigate its function. Cell apoptosis and cycle were detected by Annexin V/PI staining and flow cytometry. In vivo tumor model was made by subcutaneous injection of HeLa cells transfected with shRNAs targeting HMGB3 (sh-HMGB31) into the flank area of nude mice. Western blot was used to detect the levels of β-catenin, c-Myc, and matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) in Hela and CaSki cells transfected with sh-HMGB3 or shRNAs targeting β-catenin. Results Both messenger RNA and protein levels of HMGB3 were upregulated in CC tissues from patients. High expression level of HMGB3 had positive correlation with serosal invasion, lymph metastasis, and tumor sizes in CC patient. Functional experiments showed that HMGB3 could promote CC cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. The expression levels of c-Myc and MMP-7 were increased, resulting in regulating cell apoptosis, cell cycle, and activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Conclusions Our data indicated that HMGB3 may serve as an oncoprotein. It could be used as a potential prognostic marker and represent a promising therapeutic strategy for CC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Zhuang
- Department of Gynaecology, ZIBO Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Department of Gynaecology, ZIBO Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Gynaecology, ZIBO Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yujiao Li
- Department of Gynaecology, ZIBO Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Department of Gynaecology, ZIBO Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yumei Ding
- Department of Gynaecology, ZIBO Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China.
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Ngernsombat C, Prattapong P, Larbcharoensub N, Khotthong K, Janvilisri T. WNT8B as an Independent Prognostic Marker for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:2529-2539. [PMID: 34287269 PMCID: PMC8293245 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28040230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Members of the Wnt signaling pathway have been shown to play a role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression. AIM The purpose of this study was to investigate WNT8B protein expression in NPC patients using tissue microarray (TMA) analysis and to evaluate its correlation with patient survival and clinical parameters. METHODS A total of 82 NPC cases, together with six normal nasopharyngeal tissue samples, were targeted to construct the TMA blocks. The WNT8B protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and its correlation to the clinicopathological features was investigated. RESULTS Sixty-two of 82 (75.6%) cases exhibited high WNT8B protein expression while 20/82 (24.4%) cases appeared to have low WNT8B expression. The univariate analysis revealed that systemic metastasis was associated with patient 5-year survival. The multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that WNT8B expression and systemic metastasis were significantly associated with the survival of NPC patients. Furthermore, there was no correlation found between the WNT8B protein expression and other clinicopathological parameters. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the expression of WNT8B is associated with NPC patients' survival and could serve as an independent prognostic factor for NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chawalit Ngernsombat
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (C.N.); (P.P.)
| | - Pongphol Prattapong
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (C.N.); (P.P.)
| | - Noppadol Larbcharoensub
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | | | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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9
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Song Q, Han Z, Wu X, Wang Y, Zhou L, Yang L, Liu N, Sui H, Cai J, Ji Q, Li Q. β-Arrestin1 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Metastasis Through GSK-3β/β-Catenin Signaling- Mediated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:650067. [PMID: 33996812 PMCID: PMC8114940 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.650067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrence and metastasis seriously affects the prognosis of patients with tumors, and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a key role in promoting tumor invasion and metastasis. Previous studies have showed that β-arrestin1 acted as a tumor-promoting factor in multiple types of tumor. However, the exact role and mechanism of β-arrestin1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remains to be elucidated. Our research aimed to explore the potential mechanism underlying the role of β-arrestin1 in CRC metastasis. The expression of β-arrestin1 was investigated in both primary and metastatic CRC tissues using the GSE41258 database, and it was revealed that CRC patients with liver/lung metastasis had a higher expression level of β-arrestin1, and the expression level of β-arrestin1 was inversely correlated with the prognosis of CRC patients. Further in vitro mechanism studies indicated that β-arrestin1 had the ability to promote the migration of CRC cells through regulating the EMT process by activating Wingless/integration-1 (Wnt)/β-catenin signaling pathways. Blocking Wnt/β-catenin signaling with inhibitor ICG001 decreased the promoting effect of β-arrestin1 on EMT in CRC. In vivo imaging experiments further demonstrated the promoting effect of β-arrestin1 on the lung metastasis of CRC cells by tail vein injection in mice. The results of this paper suggest that β-arrestin1 promotes EMT via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in CRC metastasis, and provides a novel therapeutic target for CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Song
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhifen Han
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinnan Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihong Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningning Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Sui
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Qing Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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10
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Identification of crucial aberrantly methylated and differentially expressed genes related to cervical cancer using an integrated bioinformatics analysis. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:223801. [PMID: 32368784 PMCID: PMC7218222 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20194365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylation functions in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer. In the present study, we applied an integrated bioinformatics analysis to identify the aberrantly methylated and differentially expressed genes (DEGS), and their related pathways in cervical cancer. Data of gene expression microarrays (GSE9750) and gene methylation microarrays (GSE46306) were gained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Hub genes were identified by ‘limma’ packages and Venn diagram tool. Functional analysis was conducted by FunRich. Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes Database (STRING) was used to analyze protein–protein interaction (PPI) information. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), immunohistochemistry staining, and ROC curve analysis were conducted for validation. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was also performed to identify potential functions.We retrieved two upregulated-hypomethylated oncogenes and eight downregulated-hypermethylated tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) for functional analysis. Hypomethylated and highly expressed genes (Hypo-HGs) were significantly enriched in cell cycle and autophagy, and hypermethylated and lowly expressed genes (Hyper-LGs) in estrogen receptor pathway and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), Erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1 like 3 (EPB41L3), Endothelin receptor B (EDNRB), Inhibitor of DNA binding 4 (ID4) and placenta-specific 8 (PLAC8) were hub genes. Kaplan–Meier method was used to evaluate survival data of each identified gene. Lower expression levels of ESR1 and EPB41L3 were correlated with a shorter survival time. GSEA results showed that ‘cell adhesion molecules’ was the most enriched item. This research inferred the candidate genes and pathways that might be used in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cervical cancer.
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11
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Cao J, Zhang X, Xu P, Wang H, Wang S, Zhang L, Li Z, Xie L, Sun G, Xia Y, Lv J, Yang J, Xu Z. Circular RNA circLMO7 acts as a microRNA-30a-3p sponge to promote gastric cancer progression via the WNT2/β-catenin pathway. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:6. [PMID: 33397440 PMCID: PMC7784001 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01791-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Currently, the overall survival rate of GC is still unsatisfactory despite progress in diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, studying the molecular mechanisms involved in GC is vital for diagnosis and treatment. CircRNAs, a type of noncoding RNA, have been proven to act as miRNA sponges that can widely regulate various cancers. By this mechanism, circRNA can regulate tumors at the genetic level by releasing miRNA from inhibiting its target genes. The WNT2/β-Catenin regulatory pathway is one of the canonical signaling pathways in tumors. It can not only promote the development of tumors but also provide energy for tumor growth through cell metabolism (such as glutamine metabolism). Methods Through RNA sequencing, we found that hsa_circ_0008259 (circLMO7) was highly expressed in GC tissues. After verifying the circular characteristics of circLMO7, we determined the downstream miRNA (miR-30a-3p) of circLMO7 by RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assays. We verified the effect of circLMO7 and miR-30a-3p on GC cells through a series of functional experiments, including colony formation, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine and Transwell assays. Through Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses, we found that WNT2 was the downstream target gene of miR-30a-3p and further confirmed that the circLMO7-miR-30a-3p-WNT2 axis could promote the development of GC. In addition, measurement of related metabolites confirmed that this axis could also provide energy for the growth of GC cells through glutamine metabolism. We found that circLMO7 could promote the growth and metastasis of GC in vivo by the establishment of nude mouse models. Finally, we also demonstrated that HNRNPL could bind to the flanking introns of the circLMO7 exons to promote circLMO7 cyclization. Results CircLMO7 acted as a miR-30a-3p sponge affecting the WNT2/β-Catenin pathway to promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells. Moreover, animal results also showed that circLMO7 could promote GC growth and metastasis in vivo. CircLMO7 could also affect the glutamine metabolism of GC cells through the WNT2/β-Catenin pathway to promote its malignant biological function. In addition, we proved that HNRNPL could promote the self-cyclization of circLMO7. Conclusions CircLMO7 promotes the development of GC by releasing the inhibitory effect of miR-30a-3p on its target gene WNT2. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-020-01791-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Penghui Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haixiao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, 223300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guangli Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yiwen Xia
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jialun Lv
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zekuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.
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12
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Yu L, Kim HJ, Park MK, Byun HJ, Kim EJ, Kim B, Nguyen MT, Kim JH, Kang GJ, Lee H, Kim SY, Rho SB, Lee CH. Ethacrynic acid, a loop diuretic, suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition of A549 lung cancer cells via blocking of NDP-induced WNT signaling. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 183:114339. [PMID: 33189676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in cancer patients. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in lung cancer progression. Therefore, for lung cancer treatment, it is crucial to find substances that inhibit EMT. Ethacrynic acid (ECA) is a diuretic that inhibits cellular ion flux and exerts anticancer effects. However, the effects of ECA on EMT in lung cancer remain unclear. We examined the effects of ECA on sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) or TGF-β1-induced EMT process in A549 and H1299 cells via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. We found that ECA inhibited SPC-induced EMT and SPC-induced WNT signalling in EMT. We observed that SPC induces the expression of NDP [Norrie disease protein] and WNT-2, whereas ECA suppressed their expression. SPC-induced WNT activation, EMT, migration, and invasion were suppressed by NDP small-interfering RNA (siNDP), but NDP overexpression (pNDP) enhanced these events in A549 and H1299 cells. Accordingly, NDP expression may influence lung cancer prognosis. In summary, our results revealed that ECA inhibited SPC or TGF-β1-induced EMT in A549 and H1299 lung cancer cells by downregulating NDP expression and inhibiting WNT activation. Therefore, ECA might be a new drug candidate for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Park
- National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Byun
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Minh Tuan Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeoung Jin Kang
- Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ho Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Youl Kim
- National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Bae Rho
- National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Zhou Y, Chen P, Huang Q, Wan T, Jiang Y, Jiang S, Yan S, Zheng M. Overexpression of YES1 is associated with favorable prognosis and increased platinum-sensitivity in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Histol Histopathol 2020; 35:721-728. [PMID: 31970720 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The prognostic application of YES1 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is currently unclear. We aimed to investigate the expression of YES1 and its correlation with survival outcome in patients with EOC. METHODS A retrospective study of patients diagnosed with EOC at the Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China between 2002 and 2013 was conducted. The immunohistochemical expression of YES1 was assessed using tissue microarray. Survival rates were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and were compared between groups using the log-rank test. Multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS A total of 132 patients with EOC were enrolled. Patients in the YES1-high group exhibited significantly better OS and PFS, compared with those in the YES1-low group (P=0.02 and P=0.03, respectively). Further univariate and multivariate regression analyses indicated YES1 as an independent prognostic factor for the OS of patients with EOC. Notably, within the high YES1 expression group, 40 cases (74.1%) were of the platinum-sensitive group while 14 (25.9%) overlapped were of the platinum-resistant group. Conversely, in the low YES1 expression group, 11 cases (47.8%) were platinum-sensitive, and 12 (52.2%) platinum-resistant. Overall, patients within the high YES1 expression group were deemed significantly more sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy than the low YES1 expression group (P=0.03), and YES1 levels were consistently and significantly higher in the platinum-sensitive group. CONCLUSIONS High YES1 cytoplasmic expression in EOC patient tissue is significantly correlated with favorable prognosis. Patients with high YES1 expression tend to be sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of VIP region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qidan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ting Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yinan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Senwei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Sumei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China.
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14
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Unterleuthner D, Neuhold P, Schwarz K, Janker L, Neuditschko B, Nivarthi H, Crncec I, Kramer N, Unger C, Hengstschläger M, Eferl R, Moriggl R, Sommergruber W, Gerner C, Dolznig H. Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived WNT2 increases tumor angiogenesis in colon cancer. Angiogenesis 2019; 23:159-177. [PMID: 31667643 PMCID: PMC7160098 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-019-09688-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
WNT2 acts as a pro-angiogenic factor in placental vascularization and increases angiogenesis in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (ECs) and other ECs. Increased WNT2 expression is detectable in many carcinomas and participates in tumor progression. In human colorectal cancer (CRC), WNT2 is selectively elevated in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), leading to increased invasion and metastasis. However, if there is a role for WNT2 in colon cancer, angiogenesis was not addressed so far. We demonstrate that WNT2 enhances EC migration/invasion, while it induces canonical WNT signaling in a small subset of cells. Knockdown of WNT2 in CAFs significantly reduced angiogenesis in a physiologically relevant assay, which allows precise assessment of key angiogenic properties. In line with these results, expression of WNT2 in otherwise WNT2-devoid skin fibroblasts led to increased angiogenesis. In CRC xenografts, WNT2 overexpression resulted in enhanced vessel density and tumor volume. Moreover, WNT2 expression correlates with vessel markers in human CRC. Secretome profiling of CAFs by mass spectrometry and cytokine arrays revealed that proteins associated with pro-angiogenic functions are elevated by WNT2. These included extracellular matrix molecules, ANG-2, IL-6, G-CSF, and PGF. The latter three increased angiogenesis. Thus, stromal-derived WNT2 elevates angiogenesis in CRC by shifting the balance towards pro-angiogenic signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Unterleuthner
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Neuhold
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Schwarz
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Janker
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Neuditschko
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harini Nivarthi
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Währinger Straße 13a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,CeMM, Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ilija Crncec
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Servier Pharma, Tuškanova 37, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nina Kramer
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Unger
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Hengstschläger
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Eferl
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Währinger Straße 13a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Sommergruber
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Dr. Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1130, Vienna, Austria.,Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Helmut- Qualtinger-Gasse 2, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Dolznig
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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15
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Aizawa T, Karasawa H, Funayama R, Shirota M, Suzuki T, Maeda S, Suzuki H, Yamamura A, Naitoh T, Nakayama K, Unno M. Cancer-associated fibroblasts secrete Wnt2 to promote cancer progression in colorectal cancer. Cancer Med 2019; 8:6370-6382. [PMID: 31468733 PMCID: PMC6797671 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the tumor microenvironment plays a significant role in the progression of solid tumors. As an abundant component of the tumor microenvironment, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been shown to promote tumorigenesis and cancer aggressiveness, but their molecular characteristics remain poorly understood. In the present study, paired CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were isolated from five colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues from patients who underwent surgical resection. The gene expression profiles of CAFs and NFs identified by RNA sequencing were compared to understand the complex role of CAFs in cancer progression. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that the gene sets related to the Wnt signaling pathway were highly enriched in CAFs, as well as TGFβ signaling, which is considered to be a regulator of CAFs. Among the components of this pathway, Wnt2 was specifically expressed. The observations led us to speculate that Wnt2 is extremely involved in regulating CRC progression by CAFs. Thus, we performed immunohistochemical analysis on Wnt2 in 171 patients who underwent surgery for colorectal adenocarcinoma. Positive staining for Wnt2 was mainly observed in cancer stroma, although the immunoreactivity was weak in cancer cells. Wnt2 expression in CAFs was significantly correlated with depth of tumor (P < .001), lymph node metastasis (P = .044), TNM stage (P = .010), venous invasion (P < .001), and recurrence (P = .013). Subsequent in vitro analyses were conducted using conditioned medium (CM) from immortalized CAFs transfected with siRNA targeting Wnt2. As a result, cancer cell invasion and migration were significantly decreased in the CM from immortalized CAFs transfected with siRNA targeting Wnt2. Our findings indicated that Wnt2 protein released from CAFs enhances CRC cell invasion and migration. In conclusion, Wnt2 secreted by CAFs plays a key role in cancer progression and is a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Aizawa
- Department of SurgeryTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Hideaki Karasawa
- Department of SurgeryTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Ryo Funayama
- Department of Cell ProliferationARTTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Matsuyuki Shirota
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medical ScienceARTTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and HistotechnologyTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Shimpei Maeda
- Department of SurgeryTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Hideyuki Suzuki
- Department of SurgeryTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Akihiro Yamamura
- Department of SurgeryTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Takeshi Naitoh
- Department of SurgeryTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Keiko Nakayama
- Department of Cell ProliferationARTTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of SurgeryTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
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16
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Kedhari Sundaram M, Raina R, Afroze N, Bajbouj K, Hamad M, Haque S, Hussain A. Quercetin modulates signaling pathways and induces apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190720. [PMID: 31366565 PMCID: PMC6692570 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells have the unique ability to overcome natural defense mechanisms, undergo unchecked proliferation and evade apoptosis. While chemotherapeutic drugs address this, they are plagued by a long list of side effects and have a poor success rate. This has spurred researchers to identify safer bioactive compounds that possess chemopreventive and therapeutic properties. A wide range of experimental as well as epidemiological data encourage the use of dietary agents to impede or delay different stages of cancer. In the present study, we have examined the anti-ancer property of ubiquitous phytochemical quercetin by using cell viability assay, flow cytometry, nuclear morphology, colony formation, scratch wound assay, DNA fragmentation and comet assay. Further, qPCR analysis of various genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, metastasis and different signal transduction pathways was performed. Proteome profiler was used to quantitate the expression of several of these proteins. We find that quercetin decreases cell viability, reduces colony formation, promotes G2-M cell cycle arrest, induces DNA damage and encourages apoptosis. Quercetin induces apoptosis via activating both apoptotic pathways with a stronger effect of the extrinsic pathway relying on the combined power of TRAIL, FASL and TNF with up-regulation of caspases and pro-apoptotic genes. Quercetin could inhibit anti-apoptotic proteins by docking studies. Further, quercetin blocks PI3K, MAPK and WNT pathways. Anticancer effect of quercetin observed in cell-based assays were corroborated by molecular biology studies and yielded valuable mechanistic information. Quercetin appears to be a promising candidate with chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential and warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ritu Raina
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, P.O. Box 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nazia Afroze
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, P.O. Box 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khuloud Bajbouj
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mawieh Hamad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan-45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, P.O. Box 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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17
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Wang S, Zhang X, Li Z, Wang W, Li B, Huang X, Sun G, Xu J, Li Q, Xu Z, Xia Y, Wang L, Zhang Q, Li Q, Zhang L, Chen J, Wu Y, Cao J, Xu P, Zhang D, Xu H, Xu Z. Circular RNA profile identifies circOSBPL10 as an oncogenic factor and prognostic marker in gastric cancer. Oncogene 2019; 38:6985-7001. [PMID: 31409903 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0933-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis after curative resection of gastric cancer (GC) remains unsatisfactory, and thus, the development of treatments involving alternative molecular and genetic targets is critical. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are newly discovered molecules with key roles in the non-coding RNA network, have been identified as critical regulators in various cancers. Here, we aimed to determine the circRNA expression profile and to investigate the functional and prognostic significance of circRNA in GC. Using next-generation sequencing profiling, we first characterized an abundant circRNA in GC, hsa_circ_0008549, derived from the OSBPL10 gene and named it circOSBPL10. The expression of circOSBPL10 was found to be upregulated in GC tissues by quantitative RT-PCR, and silencing of circOSBPL10 significantly inhibited GC cell growth, migration, and invasion in multiple experiments. We further confirmed that miR-136-5p is a downstream target of circOSBPL10 using RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assays. Rescue experiments confirmed that circOSBPL10 regulates biological functions in GC cells via a circOSBPL10-miR-136-5p-WNT2 axis. In vivo experiments showed that circOSBPL10 promotes tumor growth and metastasis in mice. Furthermore, the level of circOSBPL10 was observed to be a prognostic marker of the overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with GC. Taken together, our findings reveal that circOSBPL10 may serve as a new proliferation factor and prognostic marker in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Weizhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxu Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Guangli Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Jianghao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Yiwen Xia
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yangjun Wu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jiacheng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Penghui Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Diancai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Zekuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China.
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18
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Xiu DH, Liu GF, Yu SN, Li LY, Zhao GQ, Liu L, Li XF. Long non-coding RNA LINC00968 attenuates drug resistance of breast cancer cells through inhibiting the Wnt2/β-catenin signaling pathway by regulating WNT2. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:94. [PMID: 30791958 PMCID: PMC6385430 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1100-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one the most common cancers, making it the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), with tightly regulated expression patterns, also serve as tumor suppressor during tumorigenesis. The present study aimed to elucidate the role of LINC00968 in breast cancer via WNT2-mediated Wnt2/β-catenin signaling pathway. Methods Breast cancer chip GSE26910 was utilized to identify differential expression in LINC00968 and WNT2. The possible relationship among LINC00968, transcriptional repressor HEY and WNT2 was analyzed and then verified. Effects of LINC00968 on activation of the Wnt2/β-catenin signaling pathway was also tested. Drug resistance, colony formation, cell migration, invasion ability and cell apoptosis after transfection were also determined. Furthermore, tumor xenograft in nude mice was performed to test tumor growth and weight in vivo. Results WNT2 expression exhibited at a high level, whereas LINC00968 at a low expression in breast cancer which was also associated with poor prognosis in patients. LINC00968 targeted and negatively regulated WNT2 potentially via HEY1. Either overexpressed LINC00968 or silenced inhibited activation of the Wnt2/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby reducing drug resistance, decreasing colony formation ability, as well as suppressing migration and invasion abilities of breast cancer cells in addition to inducing apoptosis. Lastly, in vivo experiment suggested that LINC00968 overexpression also suppressed transplanted tumor growth in nude mice. Conclusion Collectively, overexpressed LINC00968 contributes to reduced drug resistance in breast cancer cells by inhibiting the activation of the Wnt2/β-catenin signaling pathway through silencing WNT2. This study offers a new target for the development of breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Hui Xiu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Nan Yu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Long-Yun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Qing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Feng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Fujimoto H, Saito Y, Ohuchida K, Kawakami E, Fujiki S, Watanabe T, Ono R, Kaneko A, Takagi S, Najima Y, Hijikata A, Cui L, Ueki T, Oda Y, Hori S, Ohara O, Nakamura M, Saito T, Ishikawa F. Deregulated Mucosal Immune Surveillance through Gut-Associated Regulatory T Cells and PD-1 + T Cells in Human Colorectal Cancer. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:3291-3303. [PMID: 29581358 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Disturbed balance between immune surveillance and tolerance may lead to poor clinical outcomes in some malignancies. In paired analyses of adenocarcinoma and normal mucosa from 142 patients, we found a significant increase of the CD4/CD8 ratio and accumulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) within the adenocarcinoma. The increased frequency of Tregs correlated with the local infiltration and extension of the tumor. There was concurrent maturation arrest, upregulation of programmed death-1 expression, and functional impairment in CD8+ T cells (CTLs) isolated from the adenocarcinoma. Adenocarcinoma-associated Tregs directly inhibit the function of normal human CTLs in vitro. With histopathological analysis, Foxp3+ Tregs were preferentially located in stroma. Concurrent transcriptome analysis of epithelial cells, stromal cells, and T cell subsets obtained from carcinomatous and normal intestinal samples from patients revealed a distinct gene expression signature in colorectal adenocarcinoma-associated Tregs, with overexpression of CCR1, CCR8, and TNFRSF9, whereas their ligands CCL4 and TNFSF9 were found upregulated in cancerous epithelium. Overexpression of WNT2 and CADM1, associated with carcinogenesis and metastasis, in cancer-associated stromal cells suggests that both cancer cells and stromal cells play important roles in the development and progression of colorectal cancer through the formation of a tumor microenvironment. The identification of CTL anergy by Tregs and the unique gene expression signature of human Tregs and stromal cells in colorectal cancer patients may facilitate the development of new therapeutics against malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanae Fujimoto
- Department of Immune Regulation Research, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 260-0856, Japan.,Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yoriko Saito
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kenoki Ohuchida
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Eiryo Kawakami
- RIKEN Medical Sciences Innovation Hub Program, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Saera Fujiki
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Rintaro Ono
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Akiko Kaneko
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Takagi
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuho Najima
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hijikata
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Lin Cui
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueki
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Pathological Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shohei Hori
- Laboratory for Immunology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; and
| | - Osamu Ohara
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,Department of Human Genome Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu 292-0818, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Ishikawa
- Laboratory for Human Disease Models, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan;
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20
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de Campos RP, Schultz IC, de Andrade Mello P, Davies S, Gasparin MS, Bertoni APS, Buffon A, Wink MR. Cervical cancer stem-like cells: systematic review and identification of reference genes for gene expression. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:139-152. [PMID: 28949053 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer affecting women worldwide. Among many factors, the presence of cancer stem cells, a subpopulation of cells inside the tumor, has been associated with a worse prognosis. Considering the importance of gene expression studies to understand the biology of cervical cancer stem cells (CCSC), this work identifies stable reference genes for cervical cancer cell lines SiHa, HeLa, and ME180 as well as their respective cancer stem-like cells. A literature review was performed to identify validated reference genes currently used to normalize RT-qPCR data in cervical cancer cell lines. Then, cell lines were cultured in regular monolayer or in a condition that favors tumor sphere formation. RT-qPCR was performed using five reference genes: ACTB, B2M, GAPDH, HPRT1, and TBP. Stability was assessed to validate the selected genes as suitable reference genes. The evaluation validated B2M, GAPDH, HPRT1, and TBP in these experimental conditions. Among them, GAPDH and TBP presented the lowest variability according to the analysis by Normfinder, Bestkeeper, and ΔCq methods, being therefore the most adequate genes to normalize the combination of all samples. These results suggest that B2M, GAPDH, HPRT1, and TBP are suitable reference genes to normalize RT-qPCR data of established cervical cancer cell lines SiHa, HeLa, and ME180 as well as their derived cancer stem-like cells. Indeed, GAPDH and TBP seem to be the most convenient choices for studying gene expression in these cells in monolayers or spheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael P de Campos
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Iago C Schultz
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paola de Andrade Mello
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Laboratório de Análises Bioquímicas e Citológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Samuel Davies
- Laboratório de Análises Bioquímicas e Citológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Manuela S Gasparin
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Laboratório de Análises Bioquímicas e Citológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana P S Bertoni
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andréia Buffon
- Laboratório de Análises Bioquímicas e Citológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Márcia R Wink
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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21
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Cao Y, Zhang X, Zhao H. Increased CCL19 expression is associated with progression in cervical cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:73817-73825. [PMID: 29088748 PMCID: PMC5650303 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of malignancy related mortality in women worldwide. CCL19 is highly expressed in human cancer cells, and ligand CCL19 binding to CCR7 induces actin polymerization and pseudopodia formation. However, whether or not CCL19 is involved in EMT of human cervical cancer needs further investigation. Using quantitative PCR and western blot analyses, we found that CCL19 is overexpressed in cervical cancer cell lines and tissues. Knockdown of CCL19 via siRNA inhibited the proliferation of cervical cancer cells by increasing apoptosis. Further analyses showed that inhibitory effects of CCL19 on cell migration and invasion were partly associated with EMT process. In conclusion, these data indicate that CCL19 is abnormally expressed in cervical cancer, indicating a novel and important role for CCL19 in cervical cancer malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yanning Cao
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xueshan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Haiya Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
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22
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Lan K, Zhao Y, Fan Y, Ma B, Yang S, Liu Q, Linghu H, Wang H. Sulfiredoxin May Promote Cervical Cancer Metastasis via Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050917. [PMID: 28448437 PMCID: PMC5454830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The abnormal elevation of sulfiredoxin (Srx/SRXN1)-an antioxidant enzyme whose main function is to protect against oxidative stress-has been shown to be closely correlated with the progression of several types of cancer, including human cervical cancer. However, the molecular mechanism by which Srx promotes tumor progression, especially cancer metastasis in cervical cancer, has not been elucidated. Here, we show that Srx expression gradually increases during the progression of human cervical cancer and its expression level is closely correlated with lymph node metastasis. Our study also reveals a significant positive correlation between the expression of Srx and β-catenin in cervical cancer tissues. Loss-of-function studies demonstrate that Srx knockdown using a lentiviral vector-mediated specific shRNA decreases the migration and invasion capacity in HeLa (human papilloma virus 18 type cervical cancer cell line) and SiHa SiHa (cervical squamous cancer cell line). Notably, the exact opposite effects were observed in gain-of-function experiments in C-33A cells. Mechanistically, downregulation or upregulation of Srx leads to an altered expression of proteins associated with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, blockage of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway contributed to attenuated Srx expression and resulted in significant inhibition of cell migration and invasion in cervical cancer cell lines. Combined, Srx might be an oncoprotein in cervical cancer, playing critical roles in activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway; it may therefore be a therapeutic target for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangyun Lan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yuni Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yue Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Binbin Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Hua Linghu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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23
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ADC Histogram Analysis of Cervical Cancer Aids Detecting Lymphatic Metastases—a Preliminary Study. Mol Imaging Biol 2017; 19:953-962. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-017-1073-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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