1
|
Xu S, Liao Y, Wang Q, Liu L, Yang W. Current studies and potential future research directions on biological effects and related mechanisms of allicin. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7722-7748. [PMID: 35293826 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2049691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Allicin, a thiosulfonate extract from freshly minced garlic, has been reported to have various biological effects on different organs and systems of animals and human. It can reduce oxidative stress, inhibit inflammatory response, resist pathogen infection and regulate intestinal flora. In addition, dozens of studies also demonstrated allicin could reduce blood glucose level, protect cardiovascular system and nervous system, and fight against cancers. Allicin was widely used in disease prevention and health care. However, more investigations on human cohort study are needed to verify the biological or clinical effects of allicin in the future. In this review, we summarized the biological effects of allicin from previous outstanding and valuable studies and provided useful information for future studies on the health effects of allicin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyin Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- China-DRIs Expert Committee on Other Dietary Ingredients, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiao Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- China-DRIs Expert Committee on Other Dietary Ingredients, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- China-DRIs Expert Committee on Other Dietary Ingredients, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- China-DRIs Expert Committee on Other Dietary Ingredients, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sharma L, Dhiman M, Singh A, Sharma MM. Green Approach: ''A Forwarding Step for Curing Leishmaniasis-A Neglected Tropical Disease''. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:655584. [PMID: 34124148 PMCID: PMC8193676 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.655584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review focuses on a dreaded vector-mediated leishmaniasis, with the existing therapeutic approaches including a variety of drugs along with their limitations, the treatment with natural compounds, and different types of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs). As evidenced, various metallic NPs, comprising silver, silver oxide, gold, zinc oxide, titanium, lead oxide, etc., played a curative role to treat leishmaniasis, are also presented. Keeping in view the advance success of vaccines against the prevalent dreaded diseases in the past and the present scenario, efforts are also being made to develop vaccines based on these NP formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lakshika Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| | - Mamta Dhiman
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| | - Abhijeet Singh
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| | - M M Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Choo S, Chin VK, Wong EH, Madhavan P, Tay ST, Yong PVC, Chong PP. Review: antimicrobial properties of allicin used alone or in combination with other medications. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2020; 65:451-465. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-020-00786-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
4
|
Intakhan N, Chanmol W, Somboon P, Bates MD, Yardley V, Bates PA, Jariyapan N. Antileishmanial Activity and Synergistic Effects of Amphotericin B Deoxycholate with Allicin and Andrographolide against Leishmania martiniquensis In Vitro. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9010049. [PMID: 31936536 PMCID: PMC7168609 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmania (Mundinia) martiniquensis is a causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis, but in HIV-infected patients both visceral and disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis are presented. Recurrence of the disease after treatment has been reported in some cases indicating that improved chemotherapy is required. In this study, the susceptibility of L. martiniquensis to Amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmB), allicin, and andrographolide was evaluated and the synergistic effects of allicin or andrographolide combined with AmB against L. martiniquensis intracellular amastigotes in mouse peritoneal exudate macrophages (PEMs) were investigated in vitro for the first time. The results showed that L. martiniquensis was highly susceptible to AmB as expected, but allicin and andrographolide had selectivity index (SI) values greater than 10, indicating promise in both compounds for treatment of host cells infected with L. martiniquensis. Four AmB/allicin combinations presented combination index (CI) values less than 1 (0.58–0.68) for intracellular amastigotes indicating synergistic effects. The combination with the highest dose reduction index (DRI) allowed an approximately four-fold reduction of AmB use in that combination. No synergistic effects were observed in AmB/andrographolide combinations. The data provided in this study leads for further study to develop novel therapeutic agents and improve the treatment outcome for leishmaniasis caused by this Leishmania species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuchpicha Intakhan
- Faculty of Medicine, Graduate PhD Degree Program in Parasitology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Wetpisit Chanmol
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Pradya Somboon
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Michelle D. Bates
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK; (M.D.B.); (P.A.B.)
| | - Vanessa Yardley
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK;
| | - Paul A. Bates
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK; (M.D.B.); (P.A.B.)
| | - Narissara Jariyapan
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.C.); (P.S.)
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salehi B, Zucca P, Orhan IE, Azzini E, Adetunji CO, Mohammed SA, Banerjee SK, Sharopov F, Rigano D, Sharifi-Rad J, Armstrong L, Martorell M, Sureda A, Martins N, Selamoğlu Z, Ahmad Z. Allicin and health: A comprehensive review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019; 86:502-516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
6
|
El-Khadragy M, Alolayan EM, Metwally DM, El-Din MFS, Alobud SS, Alsultan NI, Alsaif SS, Awad MA, Abdel Moneim AE. Clinical Efficacy Associated with Enhanced Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract, Against Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in a Murine Model of Leishmania major. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E1037. [PMID: 29786651 PMCID: PMC5982076 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15051037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is one of the most significant vector-borne syndromes of individuals. This parasitic infection can be affected by many species of Leishmania, most of which are zoonotic. Natural products have made and are continuing to make important contributions to the search for new antileishmanial agents. The use of plants in the production assembly of silver nanoparticles has drawn attention because of its rapid, eco-friendly, non-pathogenic, economical protocol and provides a single step technique for the biosynthetic process. Hence, we aimed to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) using Moringa oleifera leaf extract and investigated the antileishmanial activity of these nanoparticles in a murine model of Leishmania major infection. A total of 50 mice were used and divided into five groups-healthy control, infected, infected mice treated with pentostam, infected mice treated with Ag-NPs and infected mice pretreated with Ag-NPs. In the present study, the leaf extract of the plant species Moringa oleifera was found to be a good source for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, their formation being confirmed by color change and stability in solution. In the present murine model of Leishmania major infection, we found that oral treatment with silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using Moringa oleifera extract resulted in a significant reduction in the average size of leishmaniasis cutaneous lesions compared with untreated mice. Furthermore, the clinical efficacy of Moringa oleifera extract was associated with enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities. In conclusion, treatment with silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using Moringa oleifera extract has higher and faster clinical efficacy than standard pentavalent antimonial treatment, probably by boosting the endogenous antioxidant activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manal El-Khadragy
- Chair Vaccines Research of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Faculty of Science, Zoology Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt.
| | - Ebtesam M Alolayan
- Chair Vaccines Research of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Faculty of Science, Zoology Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Dina M Metwally
- Chair Vaccines Research of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Faculty of Science, Zoology Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed F Serag El-Din
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, Minufiya University, Shebin ElKom 32511, Egypt.
- Department of Food Sciences, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sara S Alobud
- Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nour I Alsultan
- Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sarah S Alsaif
- Chair Vaccines Research of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manal A Awad
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Juice Shows Antioxidant Activity against Cutaneous Leishmaniasis-Induced Oxidative Stress in Female BALB/c Mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14121592. [PMID: 29258248 PMCID: PMC5751009 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14121592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Leishmania species are parasites that multiply within phagocytes and cause several clinical diseases characterized by single or multiple ulcerations. One of the complications that can induce tissue damage and the resulting scars is caused by secondary bacterial infections. Studies to find new, effective, and safe oral drugs for treating leishmaniasis are being conducted since several decades, owing to the problems associated with the use of antimonials available. Previously, the antiparasitic and antioxidant properties of Punica granatum (pomegranate, P. granatum) have been reported. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the antileishmanial activity of pomegranate aqueous juice in vitro and in female BALB/c mice. A 3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in Leishmania major promastigotes and alterations in the antioxidant status, liver function, and skin histological changes in L. major-infected mice orally treated with pomegranate juice alone and in combination with the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, were used to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antileishmanial activity of pomegranate juice, respectively. Oral P. granatum juice treatment significantly reduced the average size of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions compared with that of the untreated mice. This antileishmanial activity of P. granatum was associated with enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities. Histopathological evaluation proved the antileishmanial activity of P. granatum, but did not reveal changes in the treated animals, compared to the positive control. In conclusion, P. granatum shows high and fast antileishmanial activity probably by boosting the endogenous antioxidant activity.
Collapse
|
8
|
Yehia HM, Al-Olayan EM, El-Khadragy MF, Metwally DM. In Vitro and In Vivo Control of Secondary Bacterial Infection Caused by Leishmania major. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E777. [PMID: 28703780 PMCID: PMC5551215 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14070777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections of cutaneous leishmaniasis cause skin ulcers on mice, resulting in increased tissue deterioration, and these infections can be controlled with liquid allicin. To isolate and identify the incidences of real secondary bacterial infections in mice, we performed the current study by injecting mice (n = 50) with Leishmania major. L. major infections were initiated by an intramuscular injection of 0.1 mL Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI 1640 media/mouse (107 promastigote/mL)). Scarring appeared 2-6 weeks after injection, and the bacteria were isolated from the skin ulcer tissues. Allicin (50 µL/mL) and ciprofloxacin (5 μg; Cip 5) were used for controlling L. major and bacteria. One hundred samples from skin ulcers of mice were examined, and 200 bacterial colonies were isolated. Forty-eight different genera and species were obtained and identified by Gram staining and physiological and biochemical characterization using identification kits. All samples were positive for secondary bacterial infections. Of the isolates, 79.16% were identified as Gram-negative bacteria, and 28.84% were identified as Gram-positive bacteria; only one yeast species was found. Interestingly, pure allicin liquid at a concentration 50 µL/mL exhibited antibacterial activity against a wide range of Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria, in addition to yeast, and was 71.43% effective. Antimicrobial resistance patterns of all genera and species were determined using 15 different antibiotics. Allicin (50 µL/mL) and Cip 5 were the most effective against L. major and 92.30% of isolated bacteria. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was the most resistant bacterium to the tested antibiotics with a survival rate of 73.33%, and it exhibited resistance to allicin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hany M Yehia
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, Helwan University, Cairo 11221, Egypt.
| | - Ebtesam M Al-Olayan
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.
- Chair Vaccines Research of Infectious Diseases, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manal F El-Khadragy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.
- Chair Vaccines Research of Infectious Diseases, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11790, Egypt.
| | - Dina M Metwally
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.
- Chair Vaccines Research of Infectious Diseases, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 12878, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|