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Cardo MV, Rubio A, Carbajo AE, Vezzani D. Exploring the range of Culex mosquitoes in Western Argentinean Patagonia, unveiling the presence of Culex pipiens bioform pipiens in South America. Parasitol Res 2024; 123:151. [PMID: 38441704 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08166-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Culicids in Argentinean Patagonia are characterized by low species diversity and adaptation to extreme environmental conditions, yet few studies have been conducted in the region. To further assess the occurrence of Culicidae in Western Patagonia, and in particular the presence of Culex pipiens bioforms at the southernmost extent of their distribution, immature and adult specimens were collected aboveground across various land uses located in shrubland, steppe, and deciduous forest between 38.96 and 46.55°S. Mosquitoes were reported at 35 of the 105 inspected sites. Five species from the genus Culex were identified, all of which were present in the steppe and the forest, while only Cx. apicinus and members of the Cx. pipiens complex were collected in the shrubland. Within the latter, a total of 150 specimens were molecularly identified by PCR amplification of Ace-2 and CQ11 loci. The first-to-date occurrence of bioform pipiens in South America is reported, along with the first records of Cx. quinquefasciatus signatures in Patagonia. In addition, the distribution of Cx. acharistus and Cx. dolosus as south as Santa Cruz province is expanded, and the first record of Cx. eduardoi in Río Negro province is provided. Immature specimens of Cx. pipiens were conspicuous in human-made aquatic habitats (both containers and in the ground), while Cx. acharistus was more prominent in artificial containers and Cx. eduardoi was mainly in ground habitats, either natural or human-made. These findings provide valuable insights into the distribution and ecological roles of these mosquito species in a region of extreme environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Victoria Cardo
- Ecología de Enfermedades Transmitidas Por Vectores (2eTV), Instituto de Investigación E Ingeniería Ambiental (UNSAM-CONICET), Escuela de Hábitat y Sostenibilidad, San Martín, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Alejandra Rubio
- Ecología de Enfermedades Transmitidas Por Vectores (2eTV), Instituto de Investigación E Ingeniería Ambiental (UNSAM-CONICET), Escuela de Hábitat y Sostenibilidad, San Martín, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aníbal Eduardo Carbajo
- Ecología de Enfermedades Transmitidas Por Vectores (2eTV), Instituto de Investigación E Ingeniería Ambiental (UNSAM-CONICET), Escuela de Hábitat y Sostenibilidad, San Martín, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Darío Vezzani
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto Multidisciplinario Sobre Ecosistemas y Desarrollo Sustentable, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA) - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICPBA), Tandil, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Rucci KA, Arias-Builes DL, Visintin AM, Diaz A. Serological survey reveals enzootic circulation of St. Louis encephalitis and West Nile viruses in semiarid Monte ecosystem of Argentina. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4994. [PMID: 38424362 PMCID: PMC10904362 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55723-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) are arboviruses transmitted by Culex mosquitoes and amplified in avian hosts. The present study aimed to investigate the presence and seasonal circulation of SLEV and WNV in La Rioja province, within the semiarid ecoregion of the Monte, Argentina. Over a two-year period, avian sera were collected and tested for neutralizing antibodies against SLEV and WNV. Our results reveal the enzootic activity of both viruses in this challenging environment. SLEV seroprevalence was 4.5% (35/778), with higher activity in spring (2016) and autumn (2017). WNV seroprevalence was 3.5% (27/778), peaking during the summer 2016-2017. Greater seroprevalence for SLEV in 2016 was detected for the Lark-like Brushrunner (Coryphistera alaudina) and the Short-billed Canastero (Asthenes baeri) and in 2017 for the Black-crested Finch (Lophospingus pusillus) and Lark-like Brushrunner, whereas for WNV greater seroprevalence in 2016 was detected for the Picui Ground Dove (Columbina picui) and in 2017 for the Lark-like Brushrunner and Band-tailed Seedeater (Catamenia analis). Additionally, five avian individuals experienced seroconversion during the sampling period, namely the Lark-like Brushrunner and White-fronted Woodpecker (Melanerpes cactorum) for SLEV, and the Lark-like Brushrunner, Greater Wagtail Tyrant (Stigmatura budytoides) and Many-colored Chaco Finch (Saltatricula multicolor) for WNV. The study highlights the persistence and circulation of these viruses in a semiarid ecosystem, raising questions about overwintering mechanisms and transmission dynamics. This research contributes to understanding arbovirus ecology in diverse environments. Further investigations are needed to assess the specific mechanisms facilitating virus persistence in the Monte ecoregion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Rucci
- Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego L Arias-Builes
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de Chilecito, Chilecito, La Rioja, Argentina
| | - Andrés M Visintin
- Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (CENIIT), Instituto de Biología de la Conservación y Paleobiología (IBICOPA), Universidad Nacional de La Rioja, La Rioja, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Adrián Diaz
- Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
- Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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3
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Williams RAJ, Sánchez-Llatas CJ, Doménech A, Madrid R, Fandiño S, Cea-Callejo P, Gomez-Lucia E, Benítez L. Emerging and Novel Viruses in Passerine Birds. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2355. [PMID: 37764199 PMCID: PMC10536639 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in emerging viruses that can cause serious or lethal disease in humans and animals. The proliferation of cloacal virome studies, mainly focused on poultry and other domestic birds, reveals a wide variety of viruses, although their pathogenic significance is currently uncertain. Analysis of viruses detected in wild birds is complex and often biased towards waterfowl because of the obvious interest in avian influenza or other zoonotic viruses. Less is known about the viruses present in the order Passeriformes, which comprises approximately 60% of extant bird species. This review aims to compile the most significant contributions on the DNA/RNA viruses affecting passerines, from traditional and metagenomic studies. It highlights that most passerine species have never been sampled. Especially the RNA viruses from Flaviviridae, Orthomyxoviridae and Togaviridae are considered emerging because of increased incidence or avian mortality/morbidity, spread to new geographical areas or hosts and their zoonotic risk. Arguably poxvirus, and perhaps other virus groups, could also be considered "emerging viruses". However, many of these viruses have only recently been described in passerines using metagenomics and their role in the ecosystem is unknown. Finally, it is noteworthy that only one third of the viruses affecting passerines have been officially recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. J. Williams
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology, School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), C. de José Antonio Nováis, 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.J.S.-L.); (R.M.); (P.C.-C.); (L.B.)
- “Animal Viruses” Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.D.); (S.F.); (E.G.-L.)
| | - Christian J. Sánchez-Llatas
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology, School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), C. de José Antonio Nováis, 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.J.S.-L.); (R.M.); (P.C.-C.); (L.B.)
| | - Ana Doménech
- “Animal Viruses” Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.D.); (S.F.); (E.G.-L.)
- Deparment of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Madrid
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology, School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), C. de José Antonio Nováis, 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.J.S.-L.); (R.M.); (P.C.-C.); (L.B.)
- “Animal Viruses” Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.D.); (S.F.); (E.G.-L.)
| | - Sergio Fandiño
- “Animal Viruses” Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.D.); (S.F.); (E.G.-L.)
- Deparment of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Cea-Callejo
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology, School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), C. de José Antonio Nováis, 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.J.S.-L.); (R.M.); (P.C.-C.); (L.B.)
- “Animal Viruses” Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.D.); (S.F.); (E.G.-L.)
| | - Esperanza Gomez-Lucia
- “Animal Viruses” Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.D.); (S.F.); (E.G.-L.)
- Deparment of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Benítez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology, School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), C. de José Antonio Nováis, 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.J.S.-L.); (R.M.); (P.C.-C.); (L.B.)
- “Animal Viruses” Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.D.); (S.F.); (E.G.-L.)
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4
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Mansilla AP, Grande JM, Diaz A. Effect of Agroecosystems on Seroprevalence of St. Louis Encephalitis and West Nile Viruses in Birds, La Pampa, Argentina, 2017-2019. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:1393-1402. [PMID: 35731160 PMCID: PMC9239869 DOI: 10.3201/eid2807.211485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In Argentina, the Pampa ecoregion has been almost completely transformed into agroecosystems. To evaluate the environmental (agricultural area, tree coverage, distance to the nearest water body and urban site) and biological (dove, cowbird, and sparrow abundance) effects on free-ranging bird exposure to St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) and West Nile virus (WNV), we used generalized linear mixed models. For 1,019 birds sampled during 2017–2019, neutralizing antibodies were found against SLEV in samples from 60 (5.8%) birds and against WNV for 21 (2.1%). The best variable for explaining SLEV seroprevalence was agricultural area, which had a positive effect; however, for WNV, no model was conclusive. Our results suggest that agroecosystems in the La Pampa ecoregion increase the exposure of avian hosts to SLEV, thus potentially increasing virus activity.
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Visintin AM, Laurito M, Grech MG, Estallo EL, Grillet ME, Almeida FFL, Almirón WR. Ecological Characterization of Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) at the Southern Coast of Mar Chiquita Lake, Argentina. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:525-536. [PMID: 34951445 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the southern coast of Mar Chiquita Lake, central Argentina, mosquitoes affect public health and community livelihood, since they transmit pathogens to human beings causing diseases such as malaria, filariasis, encephalitis, yellow fever, and dengue, among others, and have a negative effect on cattle farming as well. To characterize the structure of the mosquito assemblage of the region, we determined the species composition and diversity, the temporal distribution of different species, and the patterns of species richness, abundance, and diversity across seasons. We collected adult mosquitoes over a two-year period (October 2004-September 2006) by means of CDC light traps baited with CO2 from 18:00 to 08:00 h during the warm season (October-April) and from 12:00 h to 18:00 h in the cold season (May-September). A total of 71,501 individuals from 30 species were collected, with Culex Linnaeus and Aedes Meigen genera representing more than 98% of collected specimens (61.5% and 37.3%, respectively). The higher values of richness and abundance of Culicidae were registered in warm seasons compared to cold seasons. Chao1 estimates suggested that more than 90% of the species were detected in all seasons. Mosquito abundance distribution fit the logarithmic series and log-normal models. Aedes albifasciatus (Macquart), Ae. scapularis (Rondani), Culex interfor Dyar, Cx. saltanensis Dyar, and Cx. dolosus (Lynch Arribálzaga), vectors incriminated in arbovirus transmission, were abundant year-round, with Cx. saltanensis and Cx. dolosus most prevalent in cold seasons. Further studies are needed to assess the role of these species in arbovirus transmission in this region of central Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés M Visintin
- Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba (CIEC)-Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Avenida Vélez Sarsfield, CP, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología de la Conservación y Paleobiología (IBiCoPa), Centro de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (CENIIT), Universidad Nacional de La Rioja, Avenida Luis Vernet y Apóstol Felipe s/n. CP, La Rioja, Argentina
| | - Magdalena Laurito
- Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba (CIEC)-Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Avenida Vélez Sarsfield, CP, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marta G Grech
- Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica (CIEMEP)-CONICET-UNPSJB, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud-Sede Esquel, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, CP, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Elizabet L Estallo
- Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba (CIEC)-Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Avenida Vélez Sarsfield, CP, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María E Grillet
- Laboratorio de Biología de Vectores. Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela. Apartado, Los Chaguaramos, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Francisco F Ludueña Almeida
- Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba (CIEC)-Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Avenida Vélez Sarsfield, CP, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Walter R Almirón
- Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba (CIEC)-Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Avenida Vélez Sarsfield, CP, Córdoba, Argentina
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6
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Bonica MB, Balcazar DE, Chuchuy A, Barneche JA, Torres C, Micieli MV. Detection of Flaviviral-Like DNA Sequences in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Collected From Argentina. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:2406-2411. [PMID: 33939805 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Diseases caused by flaviviruses are a major public health burden across the world. In the past decades, South America has suffered dengue epidemics, the re-emergence of yellow fever and St. Louis encephalitis viruses, and the introduction of West Nile and Zika viruses. Many insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) that cannot replicate in vertebrate cells have recently been described. In this study, we analyzed field-collected mosquito samples from six different ecoregions of Argentina to detect flaviviruses. We did not find any RNA belonging to pathogenic flaviviruses or ISFs in adults or immature stages. However, flaviviral-like DNA similar to flavivirus NS5 region was detected in 83-100% of Aedes aegypti (L.). Despite being previously described as an ancient element in the Ae. aegypti genome, the flaviviral-like DNA sequence was not detected in all Ae. aegypti samples and sequences obtained did not form a monophyletic group, possibly reflecting the genetic diversity of mosquito populations in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa B Bonica
- Laboratorio de Insectos Vectores, Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT La Plata-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dario E Balcazar
- Laboratorio de Insectos Vectores, Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT La Plata-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ailen Chuchuy
- Laboratorio de Insectos Vectores, Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT La Plata-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge A Barneche
- Laboratorio de Insectos Vectores, Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT La Plata-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Torres
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Bacteriología y Virología Molecular (IBaViM), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María V Micieli
- Laboratorio de Insectos Vectores, Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT La Plata-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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7
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Ridenour CL, Cocking J, Poidmore S, Erickson D, Brock B, Valentine M, Roe CC, Young SJ, Henke JA, Hung KY, Wittie J, Stefanakos E, Sumner C, Ruedas M, Raman V, Seaton N, Bendik W, Hornstra O’Neill HM, Sheridan K, Centner H, Lemmer D, Fofanov V, Smith K, Will J, Townsend J, Foster JT, Keim PS, Engelthaler DM, Hepp CM. St. Louis Encephalitis Virus in the Southwestern United States: A Phylogeographic Case for a Multi-Variant Introduction Event. Front Genet 2021; 12:667895. [PMID: 34168675 PMCID: PMC8217752 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.667895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the reemergence of St. Louis Encephalitis (SLE) Virus (SLEV) in the Southwest United States, identified during the 2015 outbreak in Arizona, SLEV has been seasonally detected within Culex spp. populations throughout the Southwest United States. Previous work revealed the 2015 outbreak was caused by an importation of SLEV genotype III, which had only been detected previously in Argentina. However, little is known about when the importation occurred or the transmission and genetic dynamics since its arrival into the Southwest. In this study, we sought to determine whether the annual detection of SLEV in the Southwest is due to enzootic cycling or new importations. To address this question, we analyzed 174 SLEV genomes (142 sequenced as part of this study) using Bayesian phylogenetic analyses to estimate the date of arrival into the American Southwest and characterize the underlying population structure of SLEV. Phylogenetic clustering showed that SLEV variants circulating in Maricopa and Riverside counties form two distinct populations with little evidence of inter-county transmission since the onset of the outbreak. Alternatively, it appears that in 2019, Yuma and Clark counties experienced annual importations of SLEV that originated in Riverside and Maricopa counties. Finally, the earliest representatives of SLEV genotype III in the Southwest form a polytomy that includes both California and Arizona samples. We propose that the initial outbreak most likely resulted from the importation of a population of SLEV genotype III variants, perhaps in multiple birds, possibly multiple species, migrating north in 2013, rather than a single variant introduced by one bird.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase L. Ridenour
- School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Jill Cocking
- School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Samuel Poidmore
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Daryn Erickson
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Breezy Brock
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Michael Valentine
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Chandler C. Roe
- School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Steven J. Young
- Vector Control Division, Maricopa County Environmental Services Department, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Henke
- Coachella Valley Mosquito and Vector Control District, Indio, CA, United States
| | - Kim Y. Hung
- Coachella Valley Mosquito and Vector Control District, Indio, CA, United States
| | - Jeremy Wittie
- Coachella Valley Mosquito and Vector Control District, Indio, CA, United States
| | | | - Chris Sumner
- Yuma County Pest Abatement District, Yuma, AZ, United States
| | - Martha Ruedas
- Yuma County Pest Abatement District, Yuma, AZ, United States
| | - Vivek Raman
- Southern Nevada Health District, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Nicole Seaton
- Southern Nevada Health District, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - William Bendik
- Southern Nevada Health District, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | | | - Krystal Sheridan
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Heather Centner
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Darrin Lemmer
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Viacheslav Fofanov
- School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Kirk Smith
- Vector Control Division, Maricopa County Environmental Services Department, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - James Will
- Vector Control Division, Maricopa County Environmental Services Department, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - John Townsend
- Vector Control Division, Maricopa County Environmental Services Department, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Jeffrey T. Foster
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Paul S. Keim
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | | | - Crystal M. Hepp
- School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
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8
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Morel AP, Webster A, Zitelli LC, Umeno K, Souza UA, Prusch F, Anicet M, Marsicano G, Bandarra P, Trainini G, Stocker J, Giani D, Fortes FB, Goenaga S, Reck J. Serosurvey of West Nile virus (WNV) in free-ranging raptors from Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:411-418. [PMID: 33108590 PMCID: PMC7966667 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00393-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne Flavivirus that can affect birds, horses, and humans, and is the only zoonotic Flavivirus that has been identified in six continents. In Brazil, until 2010, there was no evidence of WNV circulation. Recently, the virus was isolated from a horse with encephalitis, and the first human cases were registered in Brazil. Despite that, there is still no information on the enzootic cycle of this virus in birds or wildlife. This study aimed to investigate whether there is evidence of WNV circulation among wild birds from Southern Brazil. For this, we used free-living wild raptors (live-trapped or rescued) as potential sentinels to investigate the presence of WNV antibodies using ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) assay. In addition, the presence of nucleic acids from Flavivirus family members was investigated. None of the birds sampled presented clinical findings compatible with WNV. Of the 200 serum samples from birds of prey belonging to 21 species, ten (5%) were positive for the presence of WNV antibodies on ELISA testing. The PRNT test did not confirm the ELISA results, but indicated that three birds had possibly been exposed to Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV). All samples were negative for Flavivirus RNA. The results presented here evince the need for permanent surveillance for emerging flaviviruses in Brazil, as well as for a contingency policy in the case of human/animal outbreaks, particularly in high-risk areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Morel
- Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde Animal, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil.
| | - Anelise Webster
- Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde Animal, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Calo Zitelli
- Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde Animal, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Karen Umeno
- Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde Animal, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Ugo Araújo Souza
- Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde Animal, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Prusch
- Clinica Veterinária Toca dos Bichos, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marina Anicet
- Clinica Veterinária Toca dos Bichos, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Bandarra
- Nucleo de Reabilitação da Fauna Silvestre-UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Trainini
- Hayabusa Consultoria Ambiental, São Francisco de Paula, RS, Brazil
| | - Julian Stocker
- Hayabusa Consultoria Ambiental, São Francisco de Paula, RS, Brazil
| | - Denise Giani
- Hayabusa Consultoria Ambiental, São Francisco de Paula, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávia Borges Fortes
- Programa Estadual de Sanidade Avícola (PESA), Secretaria da Agricultura Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural (SEAPDR), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvina Goenaga
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas (INEVH), Pergamino, Argentina
| | - José Reck
- Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde Animal, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil.
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9
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Batallán GP, Konigheim BS, Quaglia AI, Rivarola ME, Beranek MD, Tauro LB, Flores SF, Laurito M, Almirón WR, Contigiani MS, Visintin AM. Autochthonous circulation of Saint Louis encephalitis and West Nile viruses in the Province of La Rioja, Argentina. Rev Argent Microbiol 2020; 53:154-161. [PMID: 33176955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
St. Louis encephalitis (SLEV) and West Nile (WNV) arboviruses, which circulate in Argentina, are maintained in enzootic transmission cycles involving Culex mosquitoes (vectors) and birds belonging to orders Passeriformes and Columbiformes (amplifier hosts). The objective of this work was to determine the circulation of both viruses among wild birds in a semiarid ecosystem in the Province of La Rioja through a serologic survey. During spring 2013 and fall 2014, a total of 326 wild birds belonging to 41 species were captured in areas close to the cities of La Rioja and Chilecito, in the Province of La Rioja. While exposure to SLEV and WNV was analyzed in birds' serum through neutralizing antibody detection, viral circulation was estimated through apparent seroprevalence of neutralizing antibodies. The exposure of the avian community to viruses was 3.02% for SLEV and 1.89% for WNV, while 1.19% corresponded to coinfections. Our study confirms for the first time the circulation of SLEV and WNV in wild birds in the Province of La Rioja. Moreover, it is the first study to register neutralizing antibodies for flavivirus in the species Leptotila verreauxi (White-tipped Dove) (WNV) and Melanerpes cactorum (White-fronted Woodpecker) (SLEV). These results suggest that in semiarid ecosystems from northwestern Argentina the requirements and conditions for amplification and enzootic maintenance of SLEV and WNV would be present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo P Batallán
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Enfermera Gordillo S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina; Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de Chilecito, La Rioja, Argentina
| | - Brenda S Konigheim
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Enfermera Gordillo S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Agustín I Quaglia
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Enfermera Gordillo S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina; Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | - María E Rivarola
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Enfermera Gordillo S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mauricio D Beranek
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Enfermera Gordillo S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Laura B Tauro
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Instituto de Biología Subtropical, nodo Iguazú, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Argentina
| | - Sebastián F Flores
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Laboratorio de Ecología de Enfermedades, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICiVet-Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral/CONICET, Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Magdalena Laurito
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Walter R Almirón
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marta S Contigiani
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Enfermera Gordillo S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Andrés M Visintin
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Biología de la Conservación y Paleobiología (IBiCoPa), Centro de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (CENIIT), Universidad Nacional de la Rioja, La Rioja, Argentina.
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10
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Abstract
In the western United States, this virus may have been mediated via migrating infected birds from southern South America, where it reemerged most recently in 2002. We summarize and analyze historical and current data regarding the reemergence of St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV; genus Flavivirus) in the Americas. Historically, SLEV caused encephalitis outbreaks in the United States; however, it was not considered a public health concern in the rest of the Americas. After the introduction of West Nile virus in 1999, activity of SLEV decreased considerably in the United States. During 2014–2015, SLEV caused a human outbreak in Arizona and caused isolated human cases in California in 2016 and 2017. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that the emerging SLEV in the western United States is related to the epidemic strains isolated during a human encephalitis outbreak in Córdoba, Argentina, in 2005. Ecoepidemiologic studies suggest that the emergence of SLEV in Argentina was caused by the introduction of a more pathogenic strain and increasing populations of the eared dove (amplifying host).
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MESH Headings
- Communicable Diseases, Emerging/epidemiology
- Communicable Diseases, Emerging/history
- Communicable Diseases, Emerging/transmission
- Communicable Diseases, Emerging/virology
- Disease Outbreaks
- Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis/classification
- Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis/genetics
- Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis/physiology
- Encephalitis, St. Louis/epidemiology
- Encephalitis, St. Louis/history
- Encephalitis, St. Louis/transmission
- Encephalitis, St. Louis/virology
- Geography, Medical
- History, 20th Century
- History, 21st Century
- Humans
- Phylogeny
- South America/epidemiology
- United States/epidemiology
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11
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Talbot B, Caron-Lévesque M, Ardis M, Kryuchkov R, Kulkarni MA. Linking Bird and Mosquito Data to Assess Spatiotemporal West Nile Virus Risk in Humans. ECOHEALTH 2019; 16:70-81. [PMID: 30673905 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-019-01393-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV; family Flaviviridae) causes a disease in humans that may develop into a deadly neuroinvasive disease. In North America, several peridomestic bird species can develop sufficient viremia to infect blood-feeding mosquito vectors without succumbing to the virus. Mosquito species from the genus Culex, Aedes and Ochlerotatus display variable host preferences, ranging between birds and mammals, including humans, and may bridge transmission among avian hosts and contribute to spill-over transmission to humans. In this study, we aimed to test the effect of density of three mosquito species and two avian species on WNV mosquito infection rates and investigated the link between spatiotemporal clusters of high mosquito infection rates and clusters of human WNV cases. We based our study around the city of Ottawa, Canada, between the year 2007 and 2014. We found a large effect size of density of two mosquito species on mosquito infection rates. We also found spatiotemporal overlap between a cluster of high mosquito infection rates and a cluster of human WNV cases. Our study is innovative because it suggests a role of avian and mosquito densities on mosquito infection rates and, in turn, on hotspots of human WNV cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Talbot
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Room 217A, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada.
| | - Merlin Caron-Lévesque
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Room 217A, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Mark Ardis
- GDG Environnement, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Roman Kryuchkov
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Room 217A, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Manisha A Kulkarni
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Room 217A, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
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12
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Santana-Martinez JC, Silva JJ, Dussan J. Efficacy of Lysinibacillus sphaericus against mixed-cultures of field-collected and laboratory larvae of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2019; 109:111-118. [PMID: 29784071 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485318000342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lysinibacillus sphaericus (Bacillales: Planococcaceae) is a spore-forming bacillus used for the biological control of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) due to its larvicidal activity determined by various toxins and S-layer protein produced either during sporulation or by the vegetative cell. Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus are the vectors of arboviruses that cause tropical diseases representing a current public health problem. Both species may coexist in the same larval development sites and are susceptible to the larvicidal activity of L. sphaericus. In this study, we compared the larvicidal effects of L. sphaericus 2362 (WHO Reference strain) and native strains III(3)7 and OT4b.25 against Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti in single-species and mixed-culture bioassays. Findings showed that L. sphaericus spores, vegetative cells and a combination thereof possessed high larvicidal activity against Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae, whereas only the formulation of L. sphaericus vegetative cells was effective against Ae. aegypti larvae. Similar results were obtained for field-collected larvae. We propose that a formulation of vegetative cells of L. sphaericus 2362 or III(3)7 could be a good alternative to chemical insecticides for the in situ control of mixed populations of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Santana-Martinez
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas,Centro de Investigaciones Microbiológicas (CIMIC), Universidad de los Andes,Bogotá,Colombia
| | - J J Silva
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas,Centro de Investigaciones Microbiológicas (CIMIC), Universidad de los Andes,Bogotá,Colombia
| | - J Dussan
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas,Centro de Investigaciones Microbiológicas (CIMIC), Universidad de los Andes,Bogotá,Colombia
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13
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Benzarti E, Linden A, Desmecht D, Garigliany M. Mosquito-borne epornitic flaviviruses: an update and review. J Gen Virol 2019; 100:119-132. [PMID: 30628886 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
West Nile Virus, Usutu virus, Bagaza virus, Israel turkey encephalitis virus and Tembusu virus currently constitute the five flaviviruses transmitted by mosquito bites with a marked pathogenicity for birds. They have been identified as the causative agents of severe neurological symptoms, drop in egg production and/or mortalities among avian hosts. They have also recently shown an expansion of their geographic distribution and/or a rise in cases of human infection. This paper is the first up-to-date review of the pathology of these flaviviruses in birds, with a special emphasis on the difference in susceptibility among avian species, in order to understand the specificity of the host spectrum of each of these viruses. Furthermore, given the lack of a clear prophylactic approach against these viruses in birds, a meta-analysis of vaccination trials conducted to date on these animals is given to constitute a solid platform from which designing future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emna Benzarti
- 1FARAH Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Sart Tilman B43, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Annick Linden
- 2FARAH Research Center, Surveillance Network for Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Sart Tilman B43, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Daniel Desmecht
- 1FARAH Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Sart Tilman B43, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Mutien Garigliany
- 1FARAH Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Sart Tilman B43, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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14
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Díaz A, Flores FS, Quaglia AI, Contigiani MS. Evaluation of Argentinean Bird Species as Amplifying Hosts for St. Louis Encephalitis Virus (Flavivirus, Flaviviridae). Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018; 99:216-221. [PMID: 29761767 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
St.Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) is an emerging human pathogen flavivirus in Argentina. Recently, it has reemerged in the United States. We evaluated the role as amplifying host of six resident bird species and analyzed their capacity as host during the 2005 encephalitis outbreak of SLEV in Córdoba. Eared Dove, Picui Ground Dove, and House Sparrow were the three species with highest host competence index. At a city level, Eared Dove and Picui Ground Dove were the most important amplifying hosts during the 2005 SLEV human outbreak in Córdoba city. This finding highlighted important differences in the SLEV ecology between Argentina and the United States. Characterizing and evaluating the SLEV hosts contribute to our knowledge about its ecology and could help us to understand the causes that promote its emergence as a human pathogen in South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Díaz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella," Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Fernando S Flores
- Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella," Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Agustín I Quaglia
- Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella," Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marta S Contigiani
- Laboratorio de Arbovirus, Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella," Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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15
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Orellano P, Vezzani D, Quaranta N, Reynoso J, Salomón OD. Estimation of expected dengue seroprevalence from passive epidemiological surveillance systems in selected areas of Argentina: A proxy to evaluate the applicability of dengue vaccination. Vaccine 2018; 36:979-985. [PMID: 29331246 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current recommendations about dengue vaccination by the World Health Organization depend on seroprevalence levels and serological status in populations and individuals. However, seroprevalence estimation may be difficult due to a diversity of factors. Thus, estimation through models using data from epidemiological surveillance systems could be an alternative procedure to achieve this goal. OBJECTIVE To estimate the expected dengue seroprevalence in children of selected areas in Argentina, using a simple model based on data from passive epidemiological surveillance systems. METHODS A Markov model using a simulated cohort of individuals from age 0 to 9 years was developed. Parameters regarding the reported annual incidence of dengue, proportion of inapparent cases, and expansion factors for outpatient and hospitalized cases were considered as transition probabilities. The proportion of immune population at 9 years of age was taken as a proxy of the expected seroprevalence, considering this age as targeted for vaccination. The model was used to evaluate the expected seroprevalence in Misiones and Salta provinces and in Buenos Aires city, three settings showing different climatic favorability for dengue. RESULTS The estimates of the seroprevalence for the group of 9-year-old children for Misiones was 79% (95%CI:46-100%), and for Salta 22% (95%CI:14-30%), both located in northeastern and northwestern Argentina, respectively. Buenos Aires city, from central Argentina, showed a likely seroprevalence of 7% (95%CI: 3-11%). According to the deterministic sensitivity analyses, the parameter showing the highest influence on these results was the probability of inapparent cases. CONCLUSIONS This model allowed the estimation of dengue seroprevalence in settings where this information is not available. Particularly for Misiones, the expected seroprevalence was higher than 70% in a wide range of scenarios, thus in this province a vaccination strategy directed to seropositive children of >9 years should be analyzed, including further considerations as safety, cost-effectiveness, and budget impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Orellano
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional San Nicolás, San Nicolás, Argentina.
| | - Darío Vezzani
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Instituto Multidisciplinario sobre Ecosistemas y Desarrollo Sustentable, Facultad de Cs Exactas, UNICEN, Tandil, Argentina
| | - Nancy Quaranta
- Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional San Nicolás, San Nicolás, Argentina; Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Reynoso
- Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos "San Felipe", San Nicolás, Argentina
| | - Oscar Daniel Salomón
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT), Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Puerto Iguazú, Argentina
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16
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Valdez LD, Sibona GJ, Diaz LA, Contigiani MS, Condat CA. Effects of rainfall on Culex mosquito population dynamics. J Theor Biol 2017; 421:28-38. [PMID: 28351704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of a mosquito population depends heavily on climatic variables such as temperature and precipitation. Since climate change models predict that global warming will impact on the frequency and intensity of rainfall, it is important to understand how these variables affect the mosquito populations. We present a model of the dynamics of a Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito population that incorporates the effect of rainfall and use it to study the influence of the number of rainy days and the mean monthly precipitation on the maximum yearly abundance of mosquitoes Mmax. Additionally, using a fracturing process, we investigate the influence of the variability in daily rainfall on Mmax. We find that, given a constant value of monthly precipitation, there is an optimum number of rainy days for which Mmax is a maximum. On the other hand, we show that increasing daily rainfall variability reduces the dependence of Mmax on the number of rainy days, leading also to a higher abundance of mosquitoes for the case of low mean monthly precipitation. Finally, we explore the effect of the rainfall in the months preceding the wettest season, and we obtain that a regimen with high precipitations throughout the year and a higher variability tends to advance slightly the time at which the peak mosquito abundance occurs, but could significantly change the total mosquito abundance in a year.
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Affiliation(s)
- L D Valdez
- Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía, Física y Computación, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola, CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - G J Sibona
- Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía, Física y Computación, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola, CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - L A Diaz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Laboratorio de Arbovirus-Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella"-Facultad de Ciencias Médicas-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M S Contigiani
- Laboratorio de Arbovirus-Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella"-Facultad de Ciencias Médicas-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - C A Condat
- Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía, Física y Computación, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola, CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
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