1
|
Khan MA, Muhammad N, Liaqat S, Ejaz M, Fayyaz S, Ali H, Ali Khan T. Mechanical and antibacterial properties of conventional pit and fissure sealants with addition of miswak fibers. Biomater Investig Dent 2023; 10:2271972. [PMID: 38204475 PMCID: PMC10763874 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2023.2271972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The occlusal surface of a tooth is affected by the development of biofilm in pits and fissures as bacteria and food particles accumulate in its complex structure. In this study, miswak fibers containing cellulose and antimicrobial extract were incorporated in commercial pit and fissure sealants. The miswak powder was characterized by different analytical techniques. The powder was mixed in different ratios (0-5%) into a pit and fissure sealant to result in five sealants (Groups 0-5), and their mechanical properties i.e. flexural strength, compressive strength, and Vickers hardness were evaluated. The sealants were also evaluated against streptococcus mutans oral pathogenic bacteria. SEM analysis confirmed irregular shape and micron-size particles of miswak powder. The infrared spectral analysis and X-ray differential peaks showed characteristic peaks related to miswak fibers. The particle appearance increased in prepared pits and fissure sealants with higher loading of miswak powder in SEM analysis. The flexural strength, compressive strength, and Vickers hardness values were obtained in the range of 148-221 (±16.6: p-value < 0.001) MPa, 43.1-50.3 MPa (±1.7: p-value <0.001), and 15.2-21.26 VHN (±0.56: p-value <0.001) for control and prepared sealant specimens respectively. In the antibacterial study, the zone of inhibitions increased with increased content of miswak from 15.6 ± 0.45 mm (Group 1) to 20.3 ± 0.32 mm (Group 5). The MIC was calculated to be 0.039%. The prepared experimental sealant had acceptable mechanical and good antibacterial properties therefore it could be recommended as an efficient pit and fissure sealant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Adnan Khan
- Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nawshad Muhammad
- Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Saad Liaqat
- Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Munazzah Ejaz
- Department of Dental Materials, Sardar Begum Dental College Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sarmad Fayyaz
- Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hoor Ali
- Department of Orthodontics, Khyber College of Dentistry Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Taj Ali Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bishayi D, Srinivasan A, Mahabala KY, Natarajan S, Rao A, Nayak AP. A novel application of a bioactive material as a pit and fissure sealant: in vitro pilot study evaluating the sealing ability and penetration. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2022; 24:195-201. [PMID: 36575275 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-022-00773-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the sealing ability and penetration of a bioactive material used as pit and fissure sealant to those of glass ionomer sealant. METHODS This was an in vitro experimental study conducted on 20 permanent teeth. For Group I of ten teeth, ACTIVA BioACTIVE-Base/Liner was applied as a sealant on pits and fissures, and the remaining ten teeth of Group II were sealed using glass ionomer cement. After thermocycling, the apex of the teeth was sealed using composite resin and they were immersed in 1% methylene blue solution, buffered at pH 7 for 24 h. Longitudinal sections were obtained from each tooth for evaluating the sealing ability and penetration, using a binocular light microscope at 4 × magnification. The obtained data were subjected to analysis using the Chi-square test and independent t test. RESULTS The comparison of the sealing ability and sealant penetration, between the two groups, showed statistically no significant difference (p = 0.104 and p = 1.0, respectively). CONCLUSION Bioactive material as a pit and fissure sealant, performed on par with glass ionomer sealant in terms of tested properties like sealing ability and penetration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Bishayi
- Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - A Srinivasan
- Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - K Y Mahabala
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
| | - S Natarajan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - A Rao
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - A P Nayak
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang X, Guo J, Hu B, Li Z, Wu M, Guo H, Huang X, Liu X, Guo X, Liu P, Chen Y, Li S, Gu Y, Wu H, Xuan K, Yang P. Amyloid-Mediated Remineralization in Pit and Fissure for Caries Preventive Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200872. [PMID: 35869581 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The pits and fissures of teeth have high caries susceptibility, and sealing these areas is considered as an effective method to prevent caries. However, long-term caries prophylaxis cannot be maintained because of the negative effects derived from the technical sensitivity and disadvantages of sealing materials. Herein, a new strategy is proposed to occlude fossae by amyloid-mediated biomimetic remineralization. In contrast to conventional inward blocking from the outside of fossae, amyloid-mediated biomimetic mineralization delivers an amyloid-like protein nanofilm into the deepest zone of the fossae and induces the formation of remineralized enamel inside. Such assembly from lysozyme conjugated with poly (ethylene glycol) enriches the interface with strongly bonded ionsand directs in situ nucleation to achieve enamel epitaxial growth. Not only is the structure of the enamel-like crystalline hydroxyapatite layer but also its mechanical stability is similar to that of natural enamel. Furthermore, the layer shows good biocompatibility and antibacterial properties. On the basis of the findings, it is demonstrated that amyloid-like protein aggregation may provide an enamel remineralization strategy to modify the current clinically available methods of pit and fissure sealing and shows great promise in preventing caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zihan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Meiling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Hao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xiaoyao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xiaohe Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Peisheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Shijie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Yang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Hong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Kun Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sharma R, Ghambir N, Gupta N, Singh R. Comparative Evaluation of Different Varnishes and Pit and Fissure Sealants on Streptococcus mutans Count in Saliva of Children. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022; 15:362-365. [PMID: 35991797 PMCID: PMC9357540 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rachna Sharma
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, DY Patil Deemed To Be University School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Natasha Ghambir
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Natasha Gambhir, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, India, Phone: +91 9871966965, e-mail:
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rashi Singh
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Comparative Assessment of Retention and Caries Protective Effectiveness of a Hydrophilic and a Conventional Sealant-A Clinical Trial. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9050646. [PMID: 35626822 PMCID: PMC9139836 DOI: 10.3390/children9050646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sealants are highly efficient and the most secure method for the prevention of caries lesions from pits and fissures in recently erupted permanent teeth. The aim of this study is to clinically assess and compare the retention and evolution of caries of a moisture-tolerant resin-based sealant with a conventional hydrophobic resin-based sealant. Material and method: We have included in the study 28 children with between 6 and 8 years old. For each child we sealed 4 permanent molars (a total of 112 teeth). The study group was divided into two subgroups: the Embrace Group—consisting of 56 first permanent molars that underwent dental sealing with moisture-tolerant resin-based fissure sealant (Embrace™ WetBond™ Pulpdent, Watertown, MA, USA) and the Helioseal Group—represented by the same number of 56 first permanent molars that were sealed with conventional hydrophobic resin-based sealant (Helioseal F™, Ivoclar Vivadent Schaan, Liechtenstein). The retention and the incidence of new carious lesions of each sealant were assessed clinically at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Results: The 12-month follow-up assessment showed perfect integrity in 50 molars (89.28%) sealed with moisture-tolerant resin-based material (Embrace Group), and in 51 molars (91.07%) with conventional resin-based sealant (Helioseal Group). At the 24-month recall, the retention was maintained in 44 molars (78.57%) in the Embrace Group and in 45 molars (80.35%) in the Helioseal Group, respectively. The follow-up assessments showed no statistically significant differences (p > 0.5) between the two materials regarding sealant retention. First evidence of new carious lesions was present at 12 months on two molars sealed with Embrace WetBond and on one molar sealed with Helioseal. At the 24-month evaluation, the prevalence of caries in the Embrace Group was 7.14% (four caries) and 3.56% (two caries) in the Helioseal Group. Moreover, there were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) between the two materials regarding new caries development at any of the follow-up assessments. Conclusions: Moisture-tolerant resin-based sealant was effective in terms of retention and caries prevention.
Collapse
|
6
|
Desai H, Stewart CA, Finer Y. Minimally Invasive Therapies for the Management of Dental Caries—A Literature Review. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9120147. [PMID: 34940044 PMCID: PMC8700643 DOI: 10.3390/dj9120147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, due to a better understanding of the caries pathology and advances in dental materials, the utilization of non-invasive and minimally invasive techniques that delay/obviate the need for traditional restorations has started gaining momentum. This literature review focuses on some of these approaches, including fluoride varnish, silver diamine fluoride, resin sealants, resin infiltration, chemomechanical caries removal and atraumatic restorative treatment, in the context of their chemistries, indications for use, clinical efficacy, factors determining efficacy and limitations. Additionally, we discuss strategies currently being explored to enhance the antimicrobial properties of these treatment modalities to expand the scope of their application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hetal Desai
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada; (H.D.); (C.A.S.)
| | - Cameron A. Stewart
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada; (H.D.); (C.A.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Yoav Finer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada; (H.D.); (C.A.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guan M, Nada OA, Wu JJ, Sun JL, Li N, Chen LM, Dai TM. Dental Caries and Associated Factors in 3-5-Year-Old Children in Guizhou Province, China: An Epidemiological Survey (2015-2016). Front Public Health 2021; 9:747371. [PMID: 34660522 PMCID: PMC8514823 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.747371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to explore the factors influencing dental caries among 3-5-year-old children in Guizhou Province and the interrelationship between these factors using structural equation modeling, while providing theoretical references to improve the prevention and control strategy. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,291 children aged 3-5 years in Guizhou Province were selected by a multistage stratified and whole group random sampling to examine the caries prevalence in whole-mouth deciduous teeth crowns, and parents were surveyed with questionnaires to analyze the caries-related factors. IBM SPSS Statistics v 23.0 software (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) was used for statistical analysis. Results: The caries prevalence of children aged 3-5 years in Guizhou Province was 63.1%, the mean decayed-missing-filled teeth was 3.32, the caries filling rate was 0.5%, and there was no statistically significant difference between urban and rural areas and among genders in each age group; results of logistic regression analysis showed that the caries risk increased with the following factors: age, brushing frequency <2 times per day when parents did not take their children to the dentist, and with parents poor evaluation of the oral condition of their children. The higher the education of the parent, the lower the risk of children suffering from caries in deciduous teeth. Conclusions: With an overall poor situation about oral hygiene habits, oral healthcare attitude of the parents, and behavior transformation, the prevalence of dental caries in the deciduous teeth of children aged 3-5 years in Guizhou Province is high, and their caries status was severe, with more than 99% of the caries cases that were untreated. Therefore, prevention and treatment measures of caries in preschool children need strengthening through the improvement of public awareness and the enhancement of the management of oral health habits of their children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Guan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Ola A. Nada
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Juan-juan Wu
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiang-ling Sun
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Li-ming Chen
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Tai-ming Dai
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nikolaidis AK, Koulaouzidou EA, Gogos C, Achilias DS. Synthesis of Novel Dental Nanocomposite Resins by Incorporating Polymerizable, Quaternary Ammonium Silane-Modified Silica Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13111682. [PMID: 34064091 PMCID: PMC8196756 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse approaches dealing with the reinforcement of dental composite resins with quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) have been previously reported. This work aims to investigate the physicochemical and mechanical performance of dental resins containing silica nanofillers with novel QAC. Different types of quaternary ammonium silane compounds (QASiC) were initially synthesized and characterized with proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Silica nanoparticles were surface modified with the above QASiC and the structure of silanized products (S.QASiC) was confirmed by means of FTIR and thermogravimetric analysis. The obtained S.QASiC were then incorporated into methacrylate based dental resins. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed a satisfactory dispersion of silica nanoclusters for most of the synthesized nanocomposites. Curing kinetics disclosed a rise in both the autoacceleration effect and degree of conversion mainly induced by shorter QASiC molecules. Polymerization shrinkage was found to be influenced by the particular type of S.QASiC. The flexural modulus and strength of composites were increased by 74% and 19%, while their compressive strength enhancement reached up to 19% by adding 22 wt% S.QASiC nanoparticles. These findings might contribute to the proper design of multifunctional dental materials able to meet the contemporary challenges in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros K. Nikolaidis
- Division of Dental Tissues’ Pathology and Therapeutics (Basic Dental Sciences, Endodontology and Operative Dentistry), School of Dentistry, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.A.K.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2310-999616
| | - Elisabeth A. Koulaouzidou
- Division of Dental Tissues’ Pathology and Therapeutics (Basic Dental Sciences, Endodontology and Operative Dentistry), School of Dentistry, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.A.K.); (C.G.)
| | - Christos Gogos
- Division of Dental Tissues’ Pathology and Therapeutics (Basic Dental Sciences, Endodontology and Operative Dentistry), School of Dentistry, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.A.K.); (C.G.)
| | - Dimitris S. Achilias
- Laboratory of Polymer and Color Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Feitosa S, Carreiro AFP, Martins VM, Platt JA, Duarte S. Effect of a chlorhexidine-encapsulated nanotube modified pit-and-fissure sealant on oral biofilm. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:758-765. [PMID: 33678731 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize a chlorhexidine-encapsulated nanotube modified pit-and-fissure sealant for biofilm development prevention. HS (commercial control); HNT (HS+15wt%Halloysite®-clay-nanotube); CHX10% (HS+15wt% HNT-encapsulated with chlorhexidine 10%); and CHX20% (HS+15wt% HNT-encapsulated with CHX20%) were tested. Degree-of-conversion (DC%), Knoop hardness (KHN), and viscosity were analyzed. The ability of the sealant to wet the fissures was evaluated. Specimens were tested for zones of inhibition of microbial growth. S. mutans biofilm was tested by measuring recovered viability. Data were statistically analyzed (p<0.05). DC% was significantly higher for the HNT-CHX groups. For KHN, CHX10% presented a lower mean value than the other groups. Adding HNT resulted in higher viscosity values. The biofilm on CHX10% and CHX20% sealants presented remarkable CFU/mL reduction in comparison to the HS. The experimental material was able to reduce the biofilm development in S. mutans biofilm without compromising the sealant properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Feitosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD)
| | | | - Victor M Martins
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Federal University of Uberlandia
| | - Jeffrey A Platt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD)
| | - Simone Duarte
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hu YT, Yu F, Tang XY, Wu WZ, Zhang P, Hu ZH, Chen JH, Xing XD, Xiao YH. The antibacterial effect and physical performance of pit and fissure sealants based on an antibacterial core-shell nanocomposite. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 117:104414. [PMID: 33647728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The application of pit and fissure sealants is a well-established method to prevent and treat early childhood caries. Resin-based sealants with antibacterial properties provide additional benefits for caries prevention in a cariogenic oral environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of an antibacterial core-shell AgBr/cationic polymer nanocomposite (AgBr/BHPVP) on the properties of a resin-based pit and fissure sealant. A commercialized pit and fissure sealant without fluoride, Concise (3M, ESPE, USA), was used as the parent material and negative control. Experimental antibacterial sealants were formulated by the addition of AgBr/BHPVP nanoparticles at mass fractions of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt% to the parent material. A fluoride-releasing sealant, Clinpro (3M, ESPE), was used as the positive control. Bacterial colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, metabolic activity tests, field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) observations were used to evaluate the antibacterial properties of AgBr/BHPVP-modified sealants against Streptococcus mutans before and after five months of aging. The Vickers microhardness, degree of conversion, and microleakage level of the sealants were also investigated. According to the results of CFU counts and metabolic tests, sealants containing AgBr/BHPVP showed better contact-killing bactericidal activity against S. mutans than the two commercial sealants, irrespective of aging conditions (both P < 0.05). The AgBr/BHPVP-modified sealants also showed a significant inhibitory effect on the planktonic S. mutans around the cured sealant surfaces. In addition, the Vickers microhardness, degree of conversion, and microleakage level of the parent material were not damaged by modification with AgBr/BHPVP (P > 0.05). AgBr/BHPVP-modified pit and fissure sealant with a dual bactericidal mechanism is a promising option for the prevention of pit and fissure caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y T Hu
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming 650032, China; Department of Stomatology, The First Hospital of Kunming, Kunming 650011, China
| | - F Yu
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming 650032, China
| | - X Y Tang
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming 650032, China
| | - W Z Wu
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming 650032, China
| | - P Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Z H Hu
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming 650032, China
| | - J H Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - X D Xing
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Y H Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming 650032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
AlShahrani SS, AlAbbas MS, Garcia IM, AlGhannam MI, AlRuwaili MA, Collares FM, Ibrahim MS. The Antibacterial Effects of Resin-Based Dental Sealants: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14020413. [PMID: 33467665 PMCID: PMC7830019 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This review aimed to assess the antimicrobial effects of different antibacterial agents/compounds incorporated in resin-based dental sealants. Four databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science and Scopus) were searched. From the 8052 records retrieved, 275 records were considered eligible for full-text screening. Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Data extraction and quality assessment was performed by two independent reviewers. Six of the nineteen included studies were judged to have low risk of bias, and the rest had medium risk of bias. Compounds and particles such as zinc, tin, Selenium, chitosan, chlorhexidine, fluoride and methyl methacrylate were found to be effective in reducing the colony-forming unit counts, producing inhibition zones, reducing the optical density, reducing the metabolic activities, reducing the lactic acid and polysaccharide production and neutralizing the pH when they are added to the resin-based dental sealants. In addition, some studies showed that the antibacterial effect was not significantly different after 2 weeks, 2 months and 6 months aging in distilled water or phosphate-buffered saline. In conclusion, studies have confirmed the effectiveness of adding antibacterial agents/compounds to dental sealants. However, we should consider that these results are based on laboratory studies with a high degree of heterogeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saad Saeed AlShahrani
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.); (M.S.A.); (M.I.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mana’a Saleh AlAbbas
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.); (M.S.A.); (M.I.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Isadora Martini Garcia
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil; (I.M.G.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Maha Ibrahim AlGhannam
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.); (M.S.A.); (M.I.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Muath Abdulrahman AlRuwaili
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.); (M.S.A.); (M.I.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil; (I.M.G.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Maria Salem Ibrahim
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nikolaidis A, Vouzara T, Koulaouzidou E. Pit and fissure nanocomposite sealants reinforced with organically modified montmorillonite: A study of their mechanical properties, surface roughness and color stability. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:773-783. [PMID: 31932550 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of the different organically modified nanoclays on clinically significant properties of new synthesized dental pit and fissure nanocomposite sealants. Their morphological characteristics were examined by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A universal testing machine was used to conduct the flexural and compression tests. Surface roughness measurements were taken by using a 3D-optical profilometer. Color changes after aging in black tea were determined by recording UV-visible spectra. XRD plots depicted possible structures governed by intercalated regions along with some "tactoids" nanoparticles. SEM images revealed a better dispersion for the methacrylated clay nanofiller. Flexural modulus and microhardness were found to be higher for sealants reinforced with such polymerizable nanoclays. These specific nanocomposites yielded smoother surfaces, as well as clinically accepted color changes even after 1 week aging in black tea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Nikolaidis
- Division of Dental Tissues' Pathology and Therapeutics (Basic Dental Sciences, Endodontology and Operative Dentistry), School of Dentistry, Aristotle University Thessaloniki
| | - Triantafyllia Vouzara
- Division of Dental Tissues' Pathology and Therapeutics (Basic Dental Sciences, Endodontology and Operative Dentistry), School of Dentistry, Aristotle University Thessaloniki
| | - Elisabeth Koulaouzidou
- Division of Dental Tissues' Pathology and Therapeutics (Basic Dental Sciences, Endodontology and Operative Dentistry), School of Dentistry, Aristotle University Thessaloniki
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cvikl B, Moritz A, Bekes K. Pit and Fissure Sealants-A Comprehensive Review. Dent J (Basel) 2018; 6:dj6020018. [PMID: 29895726 PMCID: PMC6023524 DOI: 10.3390/dj6020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Even in the 21st century, dental caries is considered a global burden, severely upsetting the health and quality of life of those affected. Apart from the usage of fluoride and regular oral hygiene, one of the most important prophylactic approaches against the occurrence of caries is the sealing of pits and fissures. However, the rapid progress of new materials and applications for sealing pits and fissures also raises new questions about their correct application. Recent literature on pit and fissure sealing, caries prevention, as well as caries risk assessment for both children and adults was reviewed. This report provides a general overview of pit and fissure sealing, the materials used for sealing occlusal surfaces, as well as indications and possible side effects. The conclusions are that sealing pit and fissures of primary and permanent teeth is an effective method for preventing and arresting caries. However, regular checkups must be conducted to avoid advanced tooth decay attributable to leakages in the sealing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Cvikl
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Andreas Moritz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Katrin Bekes
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jaymand M, Lotfi M, Barar J, Kimyai S. Synthesis and characterization of potential multifunctional methacrylate-based dental monomers. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-017-2957-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
15
|
Jiao Y, Niu LN, Ma S, Li J, Tay FR, Chen JH. Quaternary ammonium-based biomedical materials: State-of-the-art, toxicological aspects and antimicrobial resistance. Prog Polym Sci 2017; 71:53-90. [PMID: 32287485 PMCID: PMC7111226 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Microbial infections affect humans worldwide. Many quaternary ammonium compounds have been synthesized that are not only antibacterial, but also possess antifungal, antiviral and anti-matrix metalloproteinase capabilities. Incorporation of quaternary ammonium moieties into polymers represents one of the most promising strategies for preparation of antimicrobial biomaterials. Various polymerization techniques have been employed to prepare antimicrobial surfaces with quaternary ammonium functionalities; in particular, syntheses involving controlled radical polymerization techniques enable precise control over macromolecular structure, order and functionality. Although recent publications report exciting advances in the biomedical field, some of these technological developments have also been accompanied by potential toxicological and antimicrobial resistance challenges. Recent evidenced-based data on the biomedical applications of antimicrobial quaternary ammonium-containing biomaterials that are based on randomized human clinical trials, the golden standard in contemporary medicinal science, are included in the present review. This should help increase visibility, stimulate debates and spur conversations within a wider scientific community on the implications and plausibility for future developments of quaternary ammonium-based antimicrobial biomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Stomatology, PLA Army General Hospital, 100700, Beijing, China
| | - Li-na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Xijing Hospital Affiliated to the Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Franklin R. Tay
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Ji-hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Corresponding authors.
| |
Collapse
|