1
|
Moreira J, Martins H, Saraiva M, Saraiva MJ. TLR2 and 4 signaling pathways are altered in macrophages from V30M TTR mice with down-regulated expression of chemokines. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:355-366. [PMID: 36852978 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary amyloid transthyretin (ATTRv) amyloidosis is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder, first identified in Portugal. The most common transthyretin (TTR) mutation in ATTRv results from an exchange of a methionine for a valine at position 30 (V30M). ATTRv is characterized by the extracellular deposition of aggregates and fibrils of mutant forms of TTR, particularly in the nerves and ganglia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This phenotype is often accompanied by the lack of inflammatory infiltrates, despite the importance of macrophages in removal of TTR deposits in ATTRv patients. The mechanisms underlying this impairment of inflammatory responses in ATTRv patients are poorly understood. Here, we show a significant down-regulation in the expression of several chemokines by bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) generated from V30M TTR mice upon stimulation with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and TLR2 agonists. The phosphorylation of the MAP kinase p38, important for TLR4 and TLR2 signaling pathways, was also down-regulated in V30M macrophages, as compared with wild-type (WT) ones. The present study contributes with new insights to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying the lack of inflammatory immune responses observed in ATTRv patients and may help in the development of new immune therapeutic strategies for the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Moreira
- Molecular Neurobiology Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Department of Neurobiology and Neurologic Disorders, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Department of Molecular Biology, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena Martins
- Molecular Neurobiology Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Department of Neurobiology and Neurologic Disorders, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Saraiva
- Immune Regulation Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Department of Infection, Immunity,and Regeneration, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Saraiva
- Molecular Neurobiology Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Department of Neurobiology and Neurologic Disorders, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rimbas RC, Balinisteanu A, Magda SL, Visoiu SI, Ciobanu AO, Beganu E, Nicula AI, Vinereanu D. New Advanced Imaging Parameters and Biomarkers-A Step Forward in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of TTR Cardiomyopathy. J Clin Med 2022; 11:2360. [PMID: 35566485 PMCID: PMC9101617 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is an infiltrative disorder characterized by extracellular myocardial deposits of amyloid fibrils, with poor outcome, leading to heart failure and death, with significant treatment expenditure. In the era of a novel therapeutic arsenal of disease-modifying agents that target a myriad of pathophysiological mechanisms, timely and accurate diagnosis of ATTR-CM is crucial. Recent advances in therapeutic strategies shown to be most beneficial in the early stages of the disease have determined a paradigm shift in the screening, diagnostic algorithm, and risk classification of patients with ATTR-CM. The aim of this review is to explore the utility of novel specific non-invasive imaging parameters and biomarkers from screening to diagnosis, prognosis, risk stratification, and monitoring of the response to therapy. We will summarize the knowledge of the most recent advances in diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment tailoring parameters for early recognition, prediction of outcome, and better selection of therapeutic candidates in ATTR-CM. Moreover, we will provide input from different potential pathways involved in the pathophysiology of ATTR-CM, on top of the amyloid deposition, such as inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, reduced nitric oxide bioavailability, oxidative stress, and myocardial fibrosis, and their diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Cristina Rimbas
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, University and Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania; (R.C.R.); (A.B.); (A.O.C.); (E.B.); (D.V.)
- Cardiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.I.V.); (A.I.N.)
| | - Anca Balinisteanu
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, University and Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania; (R.C.R.); (A.B.); (A.O.C.); (E.B.); (D.V.)
- Cardiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.I.V.); (A.I.N.)
| | - Stefania Lucia Magda
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, University and Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania; (R.C.R.); (A.B.); (A.O.C.); (E.B.); (D.V.)
- Cardiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.I.V.); (A.I.N.)
| | - Simona Ionela Visoiu
- Cardiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.I.V.); (A.I.N.)
| | - Andrea Olivia Ciobanu
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, University and Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania; (R.C.R.); (A.B.); (A.O.C.); (E.B.); (D.V.)
- Cardiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.I.V.); (A.I.N.)
| | - Elena Beganu
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, University and Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania; (R.C.R.); (A.B.); (A.O.C.); (E.B.); (D.V.)
| | - Alina Ioana Nicula
- Cardiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.I.V.); (A.I.N.)
- Radiology Department, University and Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dragos Vinereanu
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, University and Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania; (R.C.R.); (A.B.); (A.O.C.); (E.B.); (D.V.)
- Cardiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.I.V.); (A.I.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Generation of an Iba1-EGFP Transgenic Rat for the Study of Microglia in an Outbred Rodent Strain. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0026-21.2021. [PMID: 34417284 PMCID: PMC8425967 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0026-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroscience has been transformed by the ability to genetically modify inbred mice, including the ability to express fluorescent markers specific to cell types or activation states. This approach has been put to particularly good effect in the study of the innate immune cells of the brain, microglia. These specialized macrophages are exceedingly small and complex, but also highly motile and mobile. To date, there have been no tools similar to those in mice available for studying these fundamental cells in the rat brain, and we seek to fill that gap with the generation of the genetically modified Sprague Dawley rat line: SD-Tg(Iba1-EGFP)Mmmc. Using CRISPR-Cas/9 technology, we knocked in EGFP to the promoter of the gene Iba1. With four male and three female founders confirmed by quantitative PCR analysis to have appropriate and specific insertion, we established a breeding colony with at least three generations of backcrosses to obtain stable and reliable Iba1-EGFP expression. The specificity of EGFP expression to microglia was established by flow cytometry for CD45low/CD11b+ cells and by immunohistochemistry. Microglial EGFP expression was detected in neonates and persisted into adulthood. Blood macrophages and monocytes were found to express low levels of EGFP, as expected. Last, we show that EGFP expression is suitable for live imaging of microglia processes in acute brain slices and via intravital two-photon microscopy.
Collapse
|
4
|
Moreira J, Costelha S, Saraiva M, Saraiva MJ. The Expression of Chemokines Is Downregulated in a Pre-Clinical Model of TTR V30M Amyloidosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:650269. [PMID: 34093538 PMCID: PMC8170140 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.650269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative disorders including hereditary amyloidogenic transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv). ATTRv is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder with extracellular deposition of mutant transthyretin (TTR) aggregates and fibrils, particularly in nerves and ganglia of the peripheral nervous system. Nerve biopsies from ATTRv patients show increased cytokine production, but interestingly no immune inflammatory cellular infiltrate is observed around TTR aggregates. Here we show that as compared to Wild Type (WT) animals, the expression of several chemokines is highly downregulated in the peripheral nervous system of a mouse model of the disease. Interestingly, we found that stimulation of mouse Schwann cells (SCs) with WT TTR results in the secretion of several chemokines, a process that is mediated by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). In contrast, the secretion of all tested chemokines is compromised upon stimulation of SCs with mutant TTR (V30M), suggesting that V30M TTR fails to activate TLR4 signaling. Altogether, our data shed light into a previously unappreciated mechanism linking TTR activation of SCs and possibly underlying the lack of inflammatory response observed in the peripheral nervous system of ATTRv patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Moreira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Susete Costelha
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Saraiva
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Saraiva
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Asiri MMH, Engelsman S, Eijkelkamp N, Höppener JWM. Amyloid Proteins and Peripheral Neuropathy. Cells 2020; 9:E1553. [PMID: 32604774 PMCID: PMC7349787 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Painful peripheral neuropathy affects millions of people worldwide. Peripheral neuropathy develops in patients with various diseases, including rare familial or acquired amyloid polyneuropathies, as well as some common diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and several chronic inflammatory diseases. Intriguingly, these diseases share a histopathological feature-deposits of amyloid-forming proteins in tissues. Amyloid-forming proteins may cause tissue dysregulation and damage, including damage to nerves, and may be a common cause of neuropathy in these, and potentially other, diseases. Here, we will discuss how amyloid proteins contribute to peripheral neuropathy by reviewing the current understanding of pathogenic mechanisms in known inherited and acquired (usually rare) amyloid neuropathies. In addition, we will discuss the potential role of amyloid proteins in peripheral neuropathy in some common diseases, which are not (yet) considered as amyloid neuropathies. We conclude that there are many similarities in the molecular and cell biological defects caused by aggregation of the various amyloid proteins in these different diseases and propose a common pathogenic pathway for "peripheral amyloid neuropathies".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M. H. Asiri
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.H.A.); (S.E.); (J.W.M.H.)
- The National Centre for Genomic Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, 11461 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sjoukje Engelsman
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.H.A.); (S.E.); (J.W.M.H.)
| | - Niels Eijkelkamp
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.H.A.); (S.E.); (J.W.M.H.)
| | - Jo W. M. Höppener
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.H.A.); (S.E.); (J.W.M.H.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rosado M, Silva R, G Bexiga M, G Jones J, Manadas B, Anjo SI. Advances in biomarker detection: Alternative approaches for blood-based biomarker detection. Adv Clin Chem 2019; 92:141-199. [PMID: 31472753 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the clinical setting, a blood sample is typically the starting point for biomarker search and discovery. Mass spectrometry (MS) is a highly sensitive and informative method for characterizing a very wide range of metabolites and proteins and is therefore a potentially powerful tool for biomarker discovery. However, the physicochemical characteristics of blood coupled with very large ranges of protein and metabolite concentrations present a significant technical obstacle for resolving and quantifying putative biomarkers by MS. Blood fractionation procedures are being developed to reduce the proteome/metabolome complexity and concentration ranges, allowing a greater diversity of analytes, including those at very low concentrations, to be quantified. In this chapter, several strategies for enriching and/or isolating specific blood components are summarized, including methods for the analysis of low and high molecular weight compounds, usually neglected in this type of assays, extracellular vesicles, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). For each method, relevant practical information is presented for effective implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Rosado
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rafael Silva
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariana G Bexiga
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - John G Jones
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Manadas
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra I Anjo
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Moreira J, Saraiva M, Saraiva MJ. Downregulated Cathepsin E expression in bone marrow-derived macrophages from the pre-clinical familial amyloid polyneuropathy model. Amyloid 2019; 26:63-64. [PMID: 31343320 DOI: 10.1080/13506129.2019.1585342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- João Moreira
- a I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Grupo Neurobiologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Margarida Saraiva
- a I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal.,c IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Grupo Regulação Imune, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Maria João Saraiva
- a I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Grupo Neurobiologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Jono
- Department of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukio Ando
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gonçalves NP, Moreira J, Martins D, Vieira P, Obici L, Merlini G, Saraiva M, Saraiva MJ. Differential expression of Cathepsin E in transthyretin amyloidosis: from neuropathology to the immune system. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:115. [PMID: 28583160 PMCID: PMC5460450 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence supports a key role for inflammation in the neurodegenerative process of familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP). While there seems to be an overactivation of the neuronal interleukin-1 signaling pathway, the immune response is apparently compromised in FAP. Accordingly, little immune cell infiltration is observed around pre-fibrillar or fibrillar amyloid deposits, with the underlying mechanism for this phenomenon remaining poorly understood. Cathepsin E (CtsE) is an important intermediate for antigen presentation and chemotaxis, but its role in the pathogenesis of FAP disease remains unknown. Methods In this study, we used both mouse primary macrophages and in vivo studies based on transgenic models of FAP and human samples to characterize CtsE expression in different physiological systems. Results We show that CtsE is critically decreased in bone marrow-derived macrophages from a FAP mouse model, possibly contributing for cell function impairment. Compromised levels of CtsE were also found in injured nerves of transgenic mice and, most importantly, in naïve peripheral nerves, sensory ganglia, murine stomach, and sural nerve biopsies derived from FAP patients. Expression of CtsE in tissues was associated with transthyretin (TTR) deposition and differentially regulated accordingly with the physiological system under study. Preventing deposition with a TTR small interfering RNA rescued CtsE in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). In contrast, the expression of CtsE increased in splenic cells (mainly monocytes) or peritoneal macrophages, indicating a differential macrophage phenotype. Conclusion Altogether, our data highlights the potential of CtsE as a novel FAP biomarker and a possible modulator for innate immune cell chemotaxis to the disease most affected tissues—the peripheral nerve and the gastrointestinal tract. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0891-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nádia Pereira Gonçalves
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Molecular Neurobiology Group, IBMC - Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal.,Present address: Department of Biomedicine/DANDRITE, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Alle 3, 1171, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - João Moreira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Molecular Neurobiology Group, IBMC - Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Martins
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Molecular Neurobiology Group, IBMC - Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Vieira
- Unité du Développement des Lymphocytes, Département d'Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75724 CEDEX 15, France
| | - Laura Obici
- Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Merlini
- Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Margarida Saraiva
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Immune Regulation Group, IBMC - Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Saraiva
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal. .,Molecular Neurobiology Group, IBMC - Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fella E, Sokratous K, Papacharalambous R, Kyriacou K, Phillips J, Sanderson S, Panayiotou E, Kyriakides T. Pharmacological Stimulation of Phagocytosis Enhances Amyloid Plaque Clearance; Evidence from a Transgenic Mouse Model of ATTR Neuropathy. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:138. [PMID: 28539873 PMCID: PMC5423984 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary ATTR V30M amyloidosis is a lethal autosomal dominant sensorimotor and autonomic neuropathy caused by deposition of aberrant transthyretin (TTR). Immunohistochemical examination of sural nerve biopsies in patients with amyloidotic neuropathy show co-aggregation of TTR with several proteins; including apolipoprotein E, serum amyloid P and components of the complement cascade. Complement activation and macrophages are increasingly recognized to play a crucial role in amyloidogenesis at the tissue bed level. In the current study we test the effect of two C5a receptor agonists and a C5a receptor antagonist (PMX53) on disease phenotype in ATTR V30M mice. Our results indicate that amyloid deposition was significantly reduced following treatment with the C5a receptor agonists, while treatment with the antagonist resulted in a significant increase of amyloid load. Administration of the C5a receptor agonists triggered increased recruitment of phagocytic cells resulting in clearance of amyloid deposits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Fella
- Neurology Clinic A, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosia, Cyprus.,Cyprus School of Molecular MedicineNicosia, Cyprus
| | - Kleitos Sokratous
- Electron Microscopy and Molecular Pathology Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosia, Cyprus.,Bioinformatics Group, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Kyriacos Kyriacou
- Cyprus School of Molecular MedicineNicosia, Cyprus.,Electron Microscopy and Molecular Pathology Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosia, Cyprus
| | - Joy Phillips
- Donald P. Shiley Bioscience Center, San Diego State UniversitySan Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sam Sanderson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE, USA
| | - Elena Panayiotou
- Neurology Clinic A, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosia, Cyprus
| | - Theodoros Kyriakides
- Neurology Clinic A, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosia, Cyprus.,Cyprus School of Molecular MedicineNicosia, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Suenaga G, Ikeda T, Masuda T, Motokawa H, Yamashita T, Takamatsu K, Misumi Y, Ueda M, Matsui H, Senju S, Ando Y. Inflammatory state exists in familial amyloid polyneuropathy that may be triggered by mutated transthyretin. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1579. [PMID: 28484271 PMCID: PMC5431548 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01775-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP), which is caused by mutated transthyretin (TTR), and inflammation has only recently been noted. To determine whether inflammation is present in FAP carriers and patients, serum interleukin (IL)−6 concentration in 57 healthy donors (HD), 21 FAP carriers, and 66 FAP patients was examined, with the relationship between IL-6 and TTR assessed in each group by multiple regression analysis and structural equation models (SEM). Compared with HD, IL-6 concentration was elevated in FAP carriers (p = 0.001, 95% CI 0.398–1.571) and patients (p = 0.002, 95% CI 0.362–1.521). Further, SEM indicated a positive relationship between IL-6 and TTR in FAP carriers (p = 0.010, 95% CI 0.019–0.140), but not in HD and FAP patients. In addition, we determined whether TTR induces production of pro-inflammatory cytokines ex vivo. HD-derived CD14 + monocytes and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived myeloid lineage cells from a HD and FAP patient dose-dependently produced IL-6 under mutated and aggregated TTR conditions, compared with wild-type TTR. In conclusion, FAP carriers and patients are in an inflammatory state, with the presence of mutated TTR being a trigger of inflammation, especially in FAP carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genki Suenaga
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tokunori Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan. .,Department of Clinical Investigation, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Teruaki Masuda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Motokawa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taro Yamashita
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Takamatsu
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Misumi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Ueda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Matsui
- Department of Molecular Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoru Senju
- Department of Immunogenetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukio Ando
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|