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Zeibich R, Kwan P, J. O’Brien T, Perucca P, Ge Z, Anderson A. Applications for Deep Learning in Epilepsy Genetic Research. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14645. [PMID: 37834093 PMCID: PMC10572791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a group of brain disorders characterised by an enduring predisposition to generate unprovoked seizures. Fuelled by advances in sequencing technologies and computational approaches, more than 900 genes have now been implicated in epilepsy. The development and optimisation of tools and methods for analysing the vast quantity of genomic data is a rapidly evolving area of research. Deep learning (DL) is a subset of machine learning (ML) that brings opportunity for novel investigative strategies that can be harnessed to gain new insights into the genomic risk of people with epilepsy. DL is being harnessed to address limitations in accuracy of long-read sequencing technologies, which improve on short-read methods. Tools that predict the functional consequence of genetic variation can represent breaking ground in addressing critical knowledge gaps, while methods that integrate independent but complimentary data enhance the predictive power of genetic data. We provide an overview of these DL tools and discuss how they may be applied to the analysis of genetic data for epilepsy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Zeibich
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; (R.Z.); (P.K.); (T.J.O.); (P.P.)
| | - Patrick Kwan
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; (R.Z.); (P.K.); (T.J.O.); (P.P.)
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Terence J. O’Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; (R.Z.); (P.K.); (T.J.O.); (P.P.)
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Piero Perucca
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; (R.Z.); (P.K.); (T.J.O.); (P.P.)
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3084, Australia
- Bladin-Berkovic Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Department of Neurology, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Zongyuan Ge
- Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia;
- Monash-Airdoc Research, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Alison Anderson
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; (R.Z.); (P.K.); (T.J.O.); (P.P.)
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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Erguler K, Mendel J, Petrić DV, Petrić M, Kavran M, Demirok MC, Gunay F, Georgiades P, Alten B, Lelieveld J. A dynamically structured matrix population model for insect life histories observed under variable environmental conditions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11587. [PMID: 35804074 PMCID: PMC9270365 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15806-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Various environmental drivers influence life processes of insect vectors that transmit human disease. Life histories observed under experimental conditions can reveal such complex links; however, designing informative experiments for insects is challenging. Furthermore, inferences obtained under controlled conditions often extrapolate poorly to field conditions. Here, we introduce a pseudo-stage-structured population dynamics model to describe insect development as a renewal process with variable rates. The model permits representing realistic life stage durations under constant and variable environmental conditions. Using the model, we demonstrate how random environmental variations result in fluctuating development rates and affect stage duration. We apply the model to infer environmental dependencies from the life history observations of two common disease vectors, the southern (Culex quinquefasciatus) and northern (Culex pipiens) house mosquito. We identify photoperiod, in addition to temperature, as pivotal in regulating larva stage duration, and find that carefully timed life history observations under semi-field conditions accurately predict insect development throughout the year. The approach we describe augments existing methods of life table design and analysis, and contributes to the development of large-scale climate- and environment-driven population dynamics models for important disease vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Erguler
- The Cyprus Institute, Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre (CARE-C), 20 Konstantinou Kavafi Street, 2121, Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Jacob Mendel
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dušan Veljko Petrić
- Laboratory for Medical and Veterinary Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Mihaela Kavran
- Laboratory for Medical and Veterinary Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Murat Can Demirok
- Biology Department, Ecology Division, VERG Laboratories, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800, Beytepe-Ankara, Turkey
| | - Filiz Gunay
- Biology Department, Ecology Division, VERG Laboratories, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800, Beytepe-Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pantelis Georgiades
- The Cyprus Institute, Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre (CARE-C), 20 Konstantinou Kavafi Street, 2121, Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Bulent Alten
- Biology Department, Ecology Division, VERG Laboratories, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800, Beytepe-Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jos Lelieveld
- The Cyprus Institute, Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre (CARE-C), 20 Konstantinou Kavafi Street, 2121, Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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Dron N, Kninney-Lang E, Chin R, Escudero J. Preliminary fusion of EEG and MRI with phenotypic scores in children with epilepsy based on the Canonical Polyadic Decomposition. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2019:3884-3887. [PMID: 31946721 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8856328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive and behavioural impairments in early-onset epilepsy affect the children and families' quality of life. Our ability to detect these impairments is limited, and it requires laborious questionnaires. Here, we describe a pilot study exploring the fusion of resting-state EEG, volumetric MRI, and phenotypic scores of child development based on the Canonical Polyadic Decomposition, expanding the recently presented Joint EEG-Development Inference (JEDI) model. Pilot data fusion was performed on functional, structural and developmental brain features of 29 preschool children diagnosed with epilepsy. The results suggest that combining multimodal brain data towards a comprehensive analysis of brain development in young children is plausible.
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Parimbelli E, Marini S, Sacchi L, Bellazzi R. Patient similarity for precision medicine: A systematic review. J Biomed Inform 2018; 83:87-96. [PMID: 29864490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Evidence-based medicine is the most prevalent paradigm adopted by physicians. Clinical practice guidelines typically define a set of recommendations together with eligibility criteria that restrict their applicability to a specific group of patients. The ever-growing size and availability of health-related data is currently challenging the broad definitions of guideline-defined patient groups. Precision medicine leverages on genetic, phenotypic, or psychosocial characteristics to provide precise identification of patient subsets for treatment targeting. Defining a patient similarity measure is thus an essential step to allow stratification of patients into clinically-meaningful subgroups. The present review investigates the use of patient similarity as a tool to enable precision medicine. 279 articles were analyzed along four dimensions: data types considered, clinical domains of application, data analysis methods, and translational stage of findings. Cancer-related research employing molecular profiling and standard data analysis techniques such as clustering constitute the majority of the retrieved studies. Chronic and psychiatric diseases follow as the second most represented clinical domains. Interestingly, almost one quarter of the studies analyzed presented a novel methodology, with the most advanced employing data integration strategies and being portable to different clinical domains. Integration of such techniques into decision support systems constitutes and interesting trend for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Parimbelli
- Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Interdepartmental Centre for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, Italy.
| | - S Marini
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA; Interdepartmental Centre for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - L Sacchi
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - R Bellazzi
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, Italy; RCCS ICS Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
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