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Wang X, Wu Y, Zhao F, Sun W, Pang C, Sun X, Zang S. Subjective dry eye symptoms and associated factors among the national general population in China during the COVID-19 pandemic: A network analysis. J Glob Health 2023; 13:06052. [PMID: 38038375 PMCID: PMC10691301 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.06052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented numerous challenges to public health, including the emergence of subjective dry eye symptoms among individuals. However, there is currently a dearth of comprehensive knowledge regarding the associated factors with subjective dry eye symptoms in the general population. Methods A nationwide survey in China was carried out from 20 June to 31 August 2022, involving 21 916 participants. Subjective dry eye symptoms were assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index-6. We employed random forest classification to select potential associated factors based on the socioecological model. We also conducted univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses to explore the factors associated with subjective dry eye symptoms. Network analyses were employed to explore the network structure of subjective dry eye symptoms and associated factors. Results The item "watching TV (or similar task)" displayed the highest node strength and exhibited the highest predictability within the network. The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated significant associations between subjective dry eye symptoms and several factors, including loneliness (odds ratio (OR) = 1.29; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.26 to 1.32), problematic Internet use (OR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.08 to 1.09), family communication (OR = 1.01; 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.01), the presence of depression (OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.39 to 1.68) and anxiety (OR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.17 to 1.47) symptoms, older age (OR = 1.01; 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.01), self-rated health status (OR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.98 to 0.99), family health (OR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.96 to 0.97), health literacy (OR = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.97 to 0.99) and the agreeableness personality trait (OR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.95 to 0.99). Conclusions These findings have important implications for public health interventions targeting the prevention and management of subjective dry eye symptoms in the general population. Strategies addressing individual risk factors and supporting psychological well-being may prove beneficial in mitigating the burden associated with subjective dry eye symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangkun Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chang Pang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuange Sun
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuang Zang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Loiseau A, Raîche-Marcoux G, Maranda C, Bertrand N, Boisselier E. Animal Models in Eye Research: Focus on Corneal Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16661. [PMID: 38068983 PMCID: PMC10706114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The eye is a complex sensory organ that enables visual perception of the world. The dysfunction of any of these tissues can impair vision. Conduction studies on laboratory animals are essential to ensure the safety of therapeutic products directly applied or injected into the eye to treat ocular diseases before eventually proceeding to clinical trials. Among these tissues, the cornea has unique homeostatic and regenerative mechanisms for maintaining transparency and refraction of external light, which are essential for vision. However, being the outermost tissue of the eye and directly exposed to the external environment, the cornea is particularly susceptible to injury and diseases. This review highlights the evidence for selecting appropriate animals to better understand and treat corneal diseases, which rank as the fifth leading cause of blindness worldwide. The development of reliable and human-relevant animal models is, therefore, a valuable research tool for understanding and translating fundamental mechanistic findings, as well as for assessing therapeutic potential in humans. First, this review emphasizes the unique characteristics of animal models used in ocular research. Subsequently, it discusses current animal models associated with human corneal pathologies, their utility in understanding ocular disease mechanisms, and their role as translational models for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Loiseau
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (G.R.-M.); (C.M.)
| | - Gabrielle Raîche-Marcoux
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (G.R.-M.); (C.M.)
| | - Cloé Maranda
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (G.R.-M.); (C.M.)
| | - Nicolas Bertrand
- Faculty of Pharmacy, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
| | - Elodie Boisselier
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; (G.R.-M.); (C.M.)
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Kuru T, Öktem Ç, Öktem EÖ, Aslan F. The role of temperament in evaluating the relationship between symptoms and signs in dry eye disease. J Fr Ophtalmol 2023; 46:334-340. [PMID: 36746742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2022.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between symptoms and objective findings and dry eye (DE) patients' personalities and levels of depression and anxiety. METHODS The study group consisted of 67 DE patients who presented to the ophthalmology clinic with symptoms of dry eye disease (DED) and were first diagnosed. Patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including tear-film break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer 1 and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). All subjects also completed the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). RESULTS No relationship was found for the Schirmer 1 Test and TBUT with psychological parameters or OSDI scores. When compared with the normal values for the Turkish population, sub-dimensions of temperament in DED; novelty seeking (NS) was significantly lower (P<0.001); harm avoidance (HA) (P=0.014), and persistence (P<0.001) were significantly higher. Significant positive correlation with HA and significant negative correlation with NS were found for the OSDI results. Furthermore, our mediation model revealed that anxiety mediated the effect of NS and HA on OSDI. CONCLUSION The significant association of temperament sub-dimensions with OSDI scores in the DED group may play a role in explaining the inconsistency between symptoms and signs. Professionals who care for DED should consider temperament sub-dimensions when they detect discordance between symptoms and signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kuru
- Department of Psychiatry, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University Training and Research Hospital, Oba District Fidanlık Street, PO Box, 07400, Alanya, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Ç Öktem
- Department of Ophthalmology, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University Training and Research Hospital, 07400 Antalya, Turkey
| | - E Ö Öktem
- Department of Neurology, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - F Aslan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University Training and Research Hospital, 07400 Antalya, Turkey
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Tananuvat N, Tansanguan S, Wongpakaran N, Wongpakaran T. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the Thai version of the Dry Eye-Related Quality-of-Life Score questionnaire. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271228. [PMID: 35852996 PMCID: PMC9295941 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common and growing eye problem worldwide. Chronic DED symptoms can, subsequently, affect the patients’ quality of life (QOL). This prospective cross-sectional study aimed to assess the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the Thai version of the Dry Eye-Related Quality-of-Life Score (DEQS-Th) questionnaire and to evaluate its accuracy in DED screening. Psychometric validation was conducted on DED participants. All participants completed the DEQS-Th and other measurements including the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and the 5-level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L). Internal consistency, concurrent validity, convergent, and discriminant validity were evaluated. The standardized response mean (SRM) was used to evaluate the responsiveness of the DEQS-Th. The optimal cut-off score of DEQS-Th for DED screening was assessed. Among 100 participants with a mean age of 50.9 ± 14.4 years, and 89.0% female, the internal consistency of the DEQS-Th was excellent (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.80–0.92). The test-retest intraclass correlation was 0.82–0.92. It showed concurrent validity with the OSDI (r = 0.694, p < .001) and EQ-5D-5L index scores (r = -0.578, p < .001). DED is suspected if the DEQS-Th score ≥ 18.33 (AUC = 0.897, sensitivity 90.0%, specificity 76.7%) or its Short Form score ≥ 3 (AUC 0.857, sensitivity 93.0%, specificity 63.3%). The SRM of the symptom subscale of DEQS-Th was 0.82, indicating relatively large responsiveness, whereas the impact on daily life subscale and the summary score was small. In conclusion, the DEQS-Th is valid and reliable for evaluating the multifaceted effects of DED on a patient’s QOL. It can be useful for primary assessment and monitoring of DED in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napaporn Tananuvat
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- * E-mail:
| | - Sasiwimon Tansanguan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nahathai Wongpakaran
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Tinakon Wongpakaran
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Kishimoto N, Noro T, Kodaka F, Kurosawa M, Itoh Y, Ogawa S, Watanabe T, Kubota M, Hori K, Shigeta M, Nakano T. Association between personality traits and experience of adverse periocular reactions to topical prostaglandin analogues. BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2022; 7:bmjophth-2021-000946. [PMID: 36161860 PMCID: PMC9234788 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2021-000946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aesthetically unappealing adverse periocular reactions to prostaglandin (PG) eye-drops are a major challenge in glaucoma treatment. This study analysed the personality traits of patients with glaucoma based on a five-factor model and examined the associations between these factors and adverse periocular reactions. Methods One hundred and forty-seven patients with glaucoma were surveyed anonymously regarding their personality traits and how often adverse periocular reactions were experienced. Results The analysis included 117 valid responses (71 men and 46 women, age: 61.9±11.5 years). Patients who experienced hypertrichosis of the eyelashes scored significantly higher on extraversion (p<0.05), with no significant differences in the other four personality traits. Patients who experienced eyelid hyperpigmentation and deepening of the upper eyelid sulcus showed no significant differences in any of the personality traits. Younger patients scored significantly higher on hypertrichosis (p<0.05). Conclusion The experience of adverse reactions differed according to patient age and personality traits. Therefore, eye-drops should be chosen based on these factors. Trial registration number UMIN000035155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Kishimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiko Noro
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Kodaka
- Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mei Kurosawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Itoh
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shumpei Ogawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Watanabe
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Kubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hori
- Japan Medical Affairs, Santen Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shigeta
- Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nakano
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Role of neuroticism and perceived stress on quality of life among patients with dry eye disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7079. [PMID: 35490178 PMCID: PMC9056508 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11271-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This hospital-based, cross-sectional observational study aimed to examine whether neuroticism has an impact on stress that is related to dry eye disease (DED) and quality of life (QOL). One hundred participants who had DED completed the Dry Eye-Related Quality-of-Life Score (DEQS) questionnaire, a 5-level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L), Neuroticism Inventory (NI), and 10-Item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Hierarchical linear regression was applied to determine the predictive effect of the independent variables. Participants' mean age was 50.91 ± 14.3 years, and females totalled 89.0%. Hierarchical linear regression analysis showed that DESQ-Ocular symptoms were the strongest predictor for QOL either assessed by DEQS or EQ-5D, and its effect was lessened when perceived stress and neuroticism were added to the model. The final model explained up to 30-39% variance of the QOL, compared with 13-32% by DESQ-Ocular symptoms alone. QOL of the patients with DED, is not only related to eye symptoms but perceived stress. Moreover, neuroticism was a strong predictor contributing to the QOL among patients with DED. The study showed a significant association between perceived stress, neuroticism and the QOL of patients with DED. Personality has some impact on both subjective dry eye symptoms and impact on daily life, along with the general health-related QOL.
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Cunha IM, Gouveia J, Gomes E. Association between self-reported drug hypersensitivity reactions and psychological disorders. Asia Pac Allergy 2022; 12:e15. [PMID: 35571546 PMCID: PMC9066087 DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2022.12.e15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medically unexplained physical symptoms are a well-recognized problem and, in some cases, there is a well-established relationship between behavior and psychopathological disturbances. However, the association between drug hypersensitivity reactions and psychoactive disorders stills under discussion. Objective Our main goal was to establish if there is an association between self-reported drug hypersensitivity reaction and psychopathology with need for psychoactive drug consumption. Methods Retrospective study of adult patients evaluated in a first Immunoallergology appointment because of self-reported drug hypersensitivity over 1 year and register of data concerning psychoactive drugs use. Compare the study group with patients observed for allergic respiratory disease along the same year. Results The study group included 70 patients that referred a total of 92 self-reported drug hypersensitivity reactions. Twenty-nine (41.4%) were under treatment with psychoactive drugs: 20 (70%) were treated with anxiolytics, 13 (18.6%) with antidepressants, 15 (21.4%) with sedatives, and 1 (1.4%) with antipsychotics. The control group included 160 patients and 38 patients (23.8%) were under treatment with psychoactive drugs: 31 (19.4%) where treated with antidepressants, 29 (18.1%) with anxiolytics, and 3 (1.9%) with sedatives. The use of psychoactive drugs in the study group is higher than in the control group (p = 0.007), the difference is especially important for sedative drugs (p < 0.001). Besides a higher use of psychoactive drugs, the study group also has a higher frequency of use of several psychoactive drug (p = 0.002). Conclusion Patients with a self-report drug hypersensitivity have more tendency to be under treatment with psychoactive drugs and could have more tendency to somatization. Personality traces and psychopathology must be taken into account during an allergy workup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Machado Cunha
- Immunoallergology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitario do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Gouveia
- Immunoallergology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitario do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eva Gomes
- Immunoallergology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitario do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Psychological implications of vitreous opacities - A systematic review. J Psychosom Res 2022; 154:110729. [PMID: 35091262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
QUESTION Given that depression and anxiety can be comorbid to several treatable eye diseases, it is paramount to understand whether vitreous opacities are also associated with increased risk of well-being and mental health problems. The current systematic review summarises research examining psychological implications of vitreous opacities in adult patients. STUDY SELECTION AND ANALYSIS PubMed, Cochrane library, EMBASE, Global Health, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Science Direct were systematically searched for all articles published up to May 5th 2021. Inclusion criteria included studies that have assessed outcomes related to patients' mental health; well-being; quality of life; coping with the disease; studies exploring patients' experiences/perceptions/cognitions of illness and/or medical treatments related to vitreous opacities. FINDINGS 5 studies were included in this review, with a total of 139 patients [278 eyes] assessed. Patients' age ranged from 32 to 78 years old. Compared with healthy controls, patients with vitreous opacities showed significantly higher levels of symptoms of depression, perceived stress, state anxiety, and trait anxiety. Studies also suggested that patients are more likely to show low vision-related quality of life, and social functioning. Studies also suggested a significant positive effect of medical treatments [e.g. pars plana victretomy] on patients' symptoms of depression and anxiety and on patients' vision-related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS The topic of psychological implications of vitreous opacities is still relatively new in the literature with very preliminary evidence of mental health problems and reduced quality of life associated with this condition.
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Messmer EM. Pathophysiology of dry eye disease and novel therapeutic targets. Exp Eye Res 2022; 217:108944. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.108944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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10
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Provocation of dry eye disease symptoms during COVID-19 lockdown. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24434. [PMID: 34952901 PMCID: PMC8709849 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03887-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the impact of COVID-19 lockdown measures on dry-eye symptoms in a community-based population, a cross-sectional study was conducted during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in Thailand. An online survey was distributed via social media between June and July 2020. The questionnaire elicited information on demographics, dry-eye symptoms, use of visual display terminals, and mental health status. There were 535 respondents. Thirty-seven percent reported having been diagnosed with dry-eye disease (DED). During the lockdown, the mean dry-eye symptom score (DESS) of overall participants dropped significantly from 81.6 ± 15.9 to 79.8 ± 17.4 (P < 0.001). The mean, daily, visual display terminal (VDT) usage increased from 10.55 ± 5.16 to 13.08 ± 5.65 h (P < 0.001). A negative correlation between age and VDT usage was observed in both the normal and lockdown situations. One-quarter of all participants had an abnormal mental health status. The female gender (OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.14–3.04) and increased VDT usage during the lockdown (OR 5.68; 95% CI 3.49–9.23) were independently associated with worsening dry-eye symptoms. The lockdown measures abruptly altered the behaviors and lifestyles of the overall population. Excessive exposure to VDTs were associated with deteriorated dry-eye symptoms, and it possibly contributed to the increased DED incidence in the surveyed population.
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Feroze KB, AlAbdullah ZAM, AlOnayzan AHA, Pattath A. The association between personality traits and dry eye disease: A cross-sectional study. Saudi J Ophthalmol 2021; 34:120-123. [PMID: 33575534 PMCID: PMC7866725 DOI: 10.4103/1319-4534.305020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Dry eye disease (DED) is a growing public health concern that causes significant visual disability and interferes with the quality of life. The aim of the study is to analyze the relationship between personality traits and DED symptoms in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia in 2018. A total of 613 subjects participated in this study. Ocular surface disease index was first distributed online to assess the subjective symptoms of DED. Then, persons with DED were selectively chosen to be tested by the Big Personality Trait Inventory questionnaire. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test at a level of significance, P < 0.05. RESULTS 57.7% of the patients reported symptoms of DED. There was a significant positive correlation between DED and neuroticism personality trait. DED severity was found to be significantly correlated in persons with chronic diseases. CONCLUSION This study suggests that psychological problems have an impact on DEDs in a way that needed to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaberi B Feroze
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Faisal University, College of Medicine, Faisal University, Al Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahrah A M AlAbdullah
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Faisal University, College of Medicine, Faisal University, Al Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa H A AlOnayzan
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Faisal University, College of Medicine, Faisal University, Al Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulwahab Pattath
- Department of Neuroscience, King Faisal University, College of Medicine, Faisal University, Al Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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12
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McMonnies CW. Why the symptoms and objective signs of dry eye disease may not correlate. JOURNAL OF OPTOMETRY 2021; 14:3-10. [PMID: 33243674 PMCID: PMC7752964 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cases of dry eye disease involving a neuropathic basis for symptoms and a poor correlation between symptoms and objective signs of dry eye disease can be associated with unsatisfactory responses to treatments which are limited to attempts to restore lacrimal function unit deficiencies. This review examines a wider range of circumstances under which the same kind of poor correlation between signs, symptoms and treatment results can be found. Some cases of computer vision syndrome can present for examination at times when objective signs related to reported symptoms have dissipated. A thorough history should explain this type of presentation for which symptoms might otherwise appear to be unexplained. However, mental health disorders can also be the basis for apparently unexplained levels of symptoms of dry eye disease. Anxiety, depression, hypochondriasis, stress, sleep and mood disorders as well as neuroticism for example, may be associated with exacerbation of symptoms to degrees that are not consistent with the levels of tear homeostasis anomalies that are assessed. The conclusion is drawn that failure to consider mental health comorbidities may result in symptomatic patients being exposed to less successful attempts to remediate tear dysfunctions when, for example, the symptoms have a somatic basis. Appropriate screening and referral to a psychologist or psychiatrist may be the key to managing some patients whose symptoms do not correlate with objective evidence of dry eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles W McMonnies
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Australia; University of New South Wales, Kensington, 2052, Australia.
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Toth M, Jokić-Begić N. Psychological contribution to understanding the nature of dry eye disease: a cross-sectional study of anxiety sensitivity and dry eyes. Health Psychol Behav Med 2020; 8:202-219. [PMID: 34040868 PMCID: PMC8114394 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2020.1770093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) represents a common health problem in the general population. Previous studies have demonstrated that the subjective symptoms of dry eye are associated with several psychological factors, including depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, there is a lack of empirical information about the mechanisms underlying the relationships between DED and various psychological symptoms. In light of emerging evidence of its trans-diagnostic nature, anxiety sensitivity (i.e. AS) represents one promising factor for further understanding DED. The present study aimed to explore whether anxiety sensitivity plays a role in the perception of DED symptoms in a community-based sample of adults aged 20-89 years (N = 381; M = 39.72, SD = 12.6). A dry ocular surface was reported by 22.8% of the participants. As expected, women more often reported symptoms of dry eye that could be categorized as moderate to severe. The findings demonstrated that AS, and the AS-psychological concerns dimension in particular, predict the intensity of dry eye symptoms above and beyond depressive and anxiety symptoms. These findings add to a growing body of work underscoring the relevance of AS in increasing the risk of chronic medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Toth
- Department of Optometry, University of Applied Sciences Velika Gorica, Velika Gorica, Croatia
| | - Nataša Jokić-Begić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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The Eysenck Personality Profile in Selected Groups of Ophthalmological Patients. Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 2019; 40:41-49. [PMID: 31605595 DOI: 10.2478/prilozi-2019-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Personality correlates in patients with eye diseases have bidirectional influence. It is possible that personality variables lead to behaviours that may influence the cause of eye problems, but the opposite is also possible, that eye problems could have a direct effect on personality. The aim of this study was to evaluate personality traits in patients with glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and cataract using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Obtained results showed similar personality profiles in patients with glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and cataract. However, extraversion and neuroticism were higher in patients with diabetes, while the psychopathic traits are the highest in the group of cataract. Age and gender of patients do not influence the scores obtained on the questionnaire confirmed with one way ANOVA. Not significant difference in parameters (tested with Student t-test) was obtained between groups. It is proposed psychological evaluation to be included in the assessment of more serious eye diseases for helping patients to adjust and adapt to the condition and treatment.
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Ono M, Takano Y, Haida M. Objective Ocular Discomfort: Noninvasive Evaluation by Functional Near-Infrared Ray Spectroscopy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018; 59:4683-4690. [PMID: 30267090 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-24840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Patients express their discomfort by subjective complaints, which may not clearly express the extent of their discomfort. This study noninvasively and objectively quantified ocular discomfort, a form of feeling, from the prefrontal cortex by functional near-infrared ray spectroscopy topography. Methods This case-controlled study enrolled six dry eye patients (male:female, 1:1; 51.8 ± 15.9 years) with ocular discomfort and six normal controls (male:female, 1:1; 48.8 ± 15.2 years). Ocular discomfort was created by Schirmer 1 test in normal controls. The extent of prefrontal cortex activity was evaluated as the number of signal-positive channels using the system by using an eye-opening task with spontaneous blinking in the dark. Changes in the signal-positive channels count by lubricant or anesthetics instillation were analyzed. Results Low prefrontal cortex activation was detected in normal controls without ocular discomfort, and high activation was detected in both normal controls and dry eye with ocular discomfort. Prefrontal cortex activity was confirmed with ocular discomfort when the eyes were open, decreased with lubricant, and almost disappeared with anesthetic for all participants. Conclusions These changes in the prefrontal cortex activity exhibited a significant correlation to subjective complaint scores, suggesting that such discomfort may be objectively quantifiable, independent of subjective expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Ono
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoji Takano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Munetaka Haida
- Tokai University Junior College of Nursing and Medical Technologies, Hiratsuka, Japan
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Cheng H, Furnham A. Personality traits neuroticism and openness as well as early abnormal eye conditions as predictors of the occurrence of eye problems in adulthood. Health Psychol Open 2017; 4:2055102917716205. [PMID: 28680697 PMCID: PMC5489141 DOI: 10.1177/2055102917716205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study set out to examine the associations between psychological, biomedical and socio-demographic factors in childhood and adulthood associated with the occurrence of self-reported eye conditions in adulthood. In total, 5706 participants with complete data on parental social class at birth, cognitive ability accessed at age 11 years, abnormal eye conditions by the age of 16 years diagnosed by medical professionals, educational qualifications obtained at age 33 years, the Big Five Factor personality traits measured at age 50 years, current occupational levels and self-reported eye conditions at age 54 years were included in the study. Logistic regression analysis showed that among all the factors examined early abnormal eye conditions, traits neuroticism and openness as well as sex were the significant predictors of self-reported eye conditions in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Cheng
- University College London, UK.,University of London, UK
| | - Adrian Furnham
- University College London, UK.,BI Norwegian Business School, Norway
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