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Tiraboschi GA, Fitzpatrick C, Bernard JY, Monteiro JCDS, Kosak LA, Garon-Carrier G. Partners with a Highly Favorable Attitude Toward Breastfeeding Contribute to Promoting Initiation and Length of Breastfeeding for More than 5 Months in a Population-Based Canadian Study. Breastfeed Med 2024; 19:248-255. [PMID: 38452177 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2023.0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: Promoting maternal breastfeeding for at least 6 months is important to improve children physical health during infancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes in childhood. For this guideline to be followed, it is paramount to identify what factors best support the initiation and length of breastfeeding. This study estimates the contribution of various child- and parent-level factors, as well as the sociodemographic context in predicting maternal breastfeeding initiation and duration. Methods: This study draws on data from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development. Mothers who never breastfed when the infant was 5 months old (n = 630, 28.3%) were compared to mothers who breastfed for less than 5 months (n = 844, 38.0%) and mothers breastfeeding for more than 5 months (n = 749, 33.7%), using multivariable multinomial regression models. Results: Mothers with a partner showing a positive attitude toward breastfeeding were up to 13 times more likely to breastfeed their infant for more than 5 months. The positive attitude of partners toward breastfeeding was the strongest predictor of breastfeeding duration, followed by the maternal educational attainment and timing she returns to work. Most prenatal and perinatal child-level factors and the sociodemographic context predicted breastfeeding duration, but to a lesser extent. Discussion: This finding underscores the role of the partner's attitude in promoting initiation and length of breastfeeding. As such, educational campaigns and health practitioners could target both the mother and their partner in promoting breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Arantes Tiraboschi
- Département de Psychoéducation, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
- Département D'enseignement au Préscolaire et Primaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Caroline Fitzpatrick
- Département D'enseignement au Préscolaire et Primaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Jonathan Y Bernard
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Paris, France
| | | | - Laurie-Anne Kosak
- Département de Psychoéducation, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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Ahmed S, Mahmud N, Farzana N, Parvin MI, Alauddin M. Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIBF) and Its Associated Factors Among Mothers With Infants Aged 0 to 6 Months in Jashore District, Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2023; 42:737-745. [PMID: 36630312 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2022.2161663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) is one of the most successful interventions for minimizing newborn morbidity and death. According to the database (Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey 2014), only around half of babies begin breastfeeding during the first hour of life in Bangladesh. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of EIBF in the Jashore area while also investigating its associated factors among mothers of infants aged 0 to 6 months in order to better understand the variables that impacted breastfeeding initiation. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted in the maternity wards of the 3 busiest hospitals in the Jashore district of Bangladesh from May to July 2019. Using random sampling, a total of 423 mother-infant pairs were chosen. Pearson chi-square test and bivariable and multivariable logistic regression statistical analysis were used to identify factors linked to EIBF. RESULTS The prevalence of EIBF was 46.3% (196/423). Mothers who had skin-to-skin contact after delivery (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.25; 95% confidential interval [CI], 1.40-3.59), who did not deliver prelacteal food (AOR, 3.68; 95% CI, 1.65-8.21), and who provided colostrum (AOR, 5.89; 95% CI, 1.62-21.49) were more likely to begin breastfeeding within 1 hour than were their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS EIBF was found to be strongly linked with skin-to-skin contact after delivery, avoidance of prelacteal feeding, and colostrum feeding practice. As a result, we strongly urge public health officials and health care practitioners to encourage these feeding behaviors in order to increase EIBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzon Ahmed
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Niaz Mahmud
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Program, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nisat Farzana
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Irin Parvin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Md Alauddin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
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Castillo-Cruz RA, Iracheta-Gerez MDLL, Macias-Parra M, Esparza-Aguilar M. Factors Associated with the Duration of Breastfeeding: The Practices of Mexican Mothers in a Megacity and in the Agricultural Town. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15176. [PMID: 36429894 PMCID: PMC9691165 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast milk is irreplaceable for healthy development. In Mexico, by 2019, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) was low and the use of breastmilk substitutes (BMSs) was high. OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to evaluate the maternal and child characteristics related to breastfeeding (BF) duration and to the introduction of BMSs for residents of Mexico City (CdMX) and an agricultural town in Morelos. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 160 mother-child binomials (0-15 months of age) from the megacity CdMX and the agricultural town. OUTCOMES EBF and total breastfeeding (TBF) duration, age of transition to BMSs, and the introduction of complementary feeding (CF) were assessed. Associations with maternal and infant factors were assessed using Cox models. RESULTS The prevalence of EBF in the joint samples at 5.9 months was 32.6% and 5.8% at 6 months. EBF was favored under the following conditions: living in CdMX, receiving prenatal care, no newborn hospitalization, and breastmilk provided as first food at birth. TBF was prolonged under the following conditions: older mother, female children, rooming-in care during puerperium, receiving BF upon discharge after birth, cohabiting with extended family, and having no siblings. The introduction of BMSs predominated under the following conditions: living in an agricultural town, BMSs given after birth before discharge, younger mother, worker mother, and lack of prenatal care. The early introduction of CF (before the fourth month) was 2% for CdMX and 14% for the agricultural town. CONCLUSIONS The agricultural population had a higher risk of the premature interruption of EBF/TBF and the early introduction of BMSs and CF. Protective factors were family-friendly environments and being born in a baby-friendly hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Aidee Castillo-Cruz
- Unit of Research in Epidemiology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Av. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Maria de la Luz Iracheta-Gerez
- Subdirectorate of Outpatient Care, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Av. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Mercedes Macias-Parra
- Board of Directors, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Av. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Marcelino Esparza-Aguilar
- Unit of Research in Epidemiology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Av. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
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Factors affecting attitude towards breastfeeding in public: a cross-sectional web-based study on Polish women. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-020-01320-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Breastfeeding is believed to be beneficial to both mother and child. Although the percentage of Polish mothers who start breastfeeding after childbirth is relatively high, most of them finish after 8–12 weeks. Many factors are involved in the decision to stop, including an unfavourable social attitude towards breastfeeding in public. Our cross-sectional web-based study was conducted to identify the factors predicting negative attitudes towards public breastfeeding among Polish women.
Subjects and methods
A population-based internet-administered public opinion survey was conducted among 663 women aged 19 to 50 years old regarding their attitude towards breastfeeding in public. The participants completed a questionnaire concerning demographic data, general beliefs about breastfeeding and attitudes towards breastfeeding in public.
Results
Overall, 46.6% of respondents had a negative attitude towards breastfeeding in public. Multivariable logistic regression analysis found that the beliefs that breastfeeding is not a natural activity [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 17.54; 95% CI = 1.44–21.95] and that breastfeeding is not emotionally moving (AOR = 8.73; 95% CI = 3.950–19.30) or not having any opinion (AOR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.18–4.50) to play the most significant roles in shaping a negative attitude, as well as breastfeeding their own child for < 6 months (AOR = 13.93; 95% CI = 0.14–20.24).
Conclusions
As women’s beliefs about breastfeeding play a key role in choosing to breastfeed in public, there is a need to further explore attitudes regarding this activity.
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Frenoy P, Vandentorren S, Arnaud A, Vuillermoz C, Rico Berrocal R, Martin‐Fernandez J, Azria E, de Lauzon‐Guillain B, Bernard JY, Lioret S. Demographic, socioeconomic, and sociocultural factors associated with any breastfeeding in homeless mothers. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2021; 17:e13167. [PMID: 33780138 PMCID: PMC8189215 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In high-income countries, breastfeeding has been shown to be positively associated with socioeconomic position. However, less is known about breastfeeding practices and their associated factors among extremely disadvantaged populations. We aimed to assess the associations of cultural origins and socioeconomic factors with any breastfeeding initiation and duration in homeless families. We analyzed data from 456 children aged 6 months to 5 years from the cross-sectional ENFAMS survey, conducted in 2013 among a random sample of homeless families in shelters in the Greater Paris area. Data were collected by bilingual interviewers in 17 languages. Four nested multivariable robust Poisson regression models were run in a hierarchical framework to determine the factors associated with breastfeeding initiation and with any breastfeeding for 6 months or more. Most of the children (86.0%) had previously been or were currently being breastfed at the time of the survey; 58.9% were fed with breast milk ≥6 months. A higher maternal age and African origin were positively associated with breastfeeding ≥6 months, although the relation to the region of origin was moderated by education level. Migration to escape war, unrest or other violence and the child's birth in France were inversely associated with breastfeeding ≥6 months. Any breastfeeding by these homeless mothers seems influenced predominantly by their cultural origin and complicated by a difficult migration trajectory. The possible influence of poor material circumstances and cumulative hardship should encourage interventions targeted at homeless mothers that emphasize social/family support with a commitment to improving the family's living conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stéphanie Vandentorren
- Santé Publique FranceFrench National Public Health AgencySaint‐MauriceFrance
- Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Department of Social EpidemiologyINSERM, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | | | - Cécile Vuillermoz
- Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Department of Social EpidemiologyINSERM, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | | | - Judith Martin‐Fernandez
- INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CIC1401‐ECUniversity of Bordeaux, ISPEDBordeauxFrance
| | - Elie Azria
- Université de Paris, CRESS, INSERM, INRAEParisFrance
- Maternité Notre Dame de Bon Secours, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint JosephParisFrance
| | | | - Jonathan Y. Bernard
- Université de Paris, CRESS, INSERM, INRAEParisFrance
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS)Singapore
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Characterization of Infant Feeding Practices and Related-Family Characteristics in the French Nationwide ELFE Birth Cohort. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010033. [PMID: 33374122 PMCID: PMC7824677 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Family characteristics such as education level or income are related to infant feeding practices. This study aimed to characterize infant feeding practices and investigate their associations with family characteristics. Analyses were performed with data from a French nationwide cohort, Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l’Enfance (ELFE). Feeding practices were characterized by two methods, a principal component analysis and a hierarchical ascendant classification (n = 8922). This characterization was conducted in three steps: considering firstly only introduction of main food groups, then also food pieces and finally adding the type of complementary food. The associations between family characteristics and the infant feeding patterns or clusters were tested by linear or multinomial regressions (n = 7556). Besides breastfeeding duration and age of first introduction of complementary foods, it appeared also important to consider specific food groups such as sweetened beverages and cow’s milk, and the introduction of food pieces, to describe feeding practices. Recommended feeding practices (longer breastfeeding, complementary food in the right period) were related to higher maternal age and education level, so was migration status, the presence of older children, low income or the mothers’ attendance to pre-birth preparation classes. The interrelations between feeding practices and family characteristics must be considered when examining the influence of feeding practices on child’s health.
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Zitkute V, Snieckuviene V, Zakareviciene J, Pestenyte A, Jakaite V, Ramasauskaite D. Reasons for Breastfeeding Cessation in the First Year after Childbirth in Lithuania: A Prospective Cohort Study. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2020; 56:medicina56050226. [PMID: 32397497 PMCID: PMC7279242 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56050226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: to identify the main reasons of breastfeeding cessation in Lithuania and if there is a link between the length of maternity leave and breastfeeding cessation. Materials and methods: a prospective questionnaire study was conducted in a tertiary hospital from 2016 to 2017. The sample size included 449 women. Results: a total of 41% (n = 123) of respondents weaned off by 6 months after birth, and 57.8% (n = 173) between 6 months and 1 year. During the first few days after delivery, mothers did not breastfeed their infants mainly due to shortage of milk (n = 10; 40%) or separation from their baby due to infant health problems (n = 12; 48%) (p < 0.0001). Mothers who did not breastfeed during the first days after birth more often did not start breastfeeding later at home (p = 0.001). Going back to work was not a significant factor in weaning off. Conclusions: breastfeeding initiation and practice during the first few days after birth has a significant impact on the further commitment for full breastfeeding. Additionally, a perceived lack of support and help from both doctors and midwives influences a woman’s decision to choose not to breastfeed.
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Morin M, Claris O, Dussart C, Frelat A, De Place A, Molinier L, Matillon Y, Ehlinger V, Vayssiere C. Quality of Life During Pregnancy: Is There a Link with Breastfeeding at Birth? Breastfeed Med 2020; 15:321-330. [PMID: 32091916 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2019.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: In France, the proportion of children who are exclusively breastfed has been decreasing in recent years. The aim of the study is to assess the link between quality of life (QOL) in pregnant women from the first trimester to the end of pregnancy using the French version EQ5D-3L questionnaire and the feeding method at birth (breast or bottle). Materials and Methods: Five hundred pregnant adult women were monitored between 2015 and 2017 at the Toulouse University Hospital (France). The data were collected monthly. After analyzing the QOL (EQ-5D-Index) and health status (EQ-5D-Visual Analogue Scale) for 1 month, we carried out a nine-group category analysis based on their QOL in the third month (low QOL [score <0.50 out of 1], intermediate [score between 0.50 and 0.90 out of 1], or high [score ≥0.90 out of 1]) and then based on changes in their QOL between the third and eighth month [marked reduction (low >0.6 point), intermediate (low between 0.1 and 0.6 point), and slight reduction (low <0.1 points increase)]. Results: Around1,847 questionnaires were collected and analyzed from 500 women. The monthly analysis did not highlight any link between QOL or health status reported during pregnancy and the feeding method at birth. As regard to the category analysis, following adjustment, the logistic regression model shows that breastfeeding is not linked to QOL in the third month of pregnancy (p = 0.171) or to changes in QOL during pregnancy (p = 0.426). However, there is less of a tendency to breastfeed in individuals with a high QOL in the third month of pregnancy compared to an intermediate QOL during the third month of pregnancy (p = 0.06). Conclusion: In this cohort of pregnant women for whom QOL was assessed throughout pregnancy, no link between QOL and feeding method was highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Morin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France.,Department of Pathways to Systemic Health-P2S-EA 4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Claris
- Department of Pathways to Systemic Health-P2S-EA 4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France.,Department of Neonatolgy and Neonatal Intensive Care, Lyon University Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Claude Dussart
- Department of Pathways to Systemic Health-P2S-EA 4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France
| | - Alais Frelat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Alice De Place
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Molinier
- Department of Medical Information, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France.,Research Unit 1027, UMR 1027, INSERM, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Matillon
- Department of Pathways to Systemic Health-P2S-EA 4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France
| | - Virginie Ehlinger
- Research Unit 1027, UMR 1027, INSERM, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Vayssiere
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France.,Research Unit 1027, UMR 1027, INSERM, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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Sarki M, Parlesak A, Robertson A. Comparison of national cross-sectional breast-feeding surveys by maternal education in Europe (2006-2016). Public Health Nutr 2019; 22:848-861. [PMID: 30516455 PMCID: PMC6474715 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980018002999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Breast-feeding is an important determinant of health of mothers and their offspring. The present study aimed to compare breast-feeding rates across Europe disaggregated by maternal education and establish what proportion achieves at least 50 % exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) at 6 months.Design/SettingSecondary analysis of national or sub-national studies' breast-feeding data for EU Member States plus Norway and Iceland, published in 2006-2016. Nineteen EU Member States plus Norway reported rates of EBF and any breast-feeding disaggregated by maternal education, of which only thirteen could be matched to the International Standard Classification of Education.ParticipantsMothers and their infants aged 0-12 months. RESULTS Data on EBF rates at 6 and 4 months were found in only four and six countries, respectively. At 6 months, EBF rates of 49 % in Slovakia and 44 % in Hungary were closest to WHO's target of at least 50 % EBF. At 4 months, mothers with high education level in Denmark, the Netherlands and Germany had the highest EBF rates (71, 52 and 50 %, respectively). Mothers with low education level were less likely to initiate breast-feeding and cessation occurred early. The inequality gap ranged from 63 % in Irish mothers to no gap or very low levels of inequality in Poland, Sweden and Norway. CONCLUSIONS More mothers with high, compared with low, education initiate breast-feeding and practise EBF for longer. More European policies should be targeted to protect, support and promote breast-feeding, especially among mothers with only mandatory education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Sarki
- Global Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexandr Parlesak
- Global Nutrition and Health, University College Copenhagen, Sigurdsgade 26, 2200 København N, Denmark
| | - Aileen Robertson
- Global Nutrition and Health, University College Copenhagen, Sigurdsgade 26, 2200 København N, Denmark
- Corresponding author: Email
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Farkas C, Girard LC. Breastfeeding initiation and duration in Chile: understanding the social and health determinants. J Epidemiol Community Health 2019; 73:637-644. [PMID: 30867222 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2018-211148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the support for the numerous benefits of breastfeeding, a better understanding of social and health determinants is necessary, particularly in under-researched populations. We examined determinants of breastfeeding initiation and duration using a national cohort of Chilean mothers. METHODS Participants included 13 738 families enrolled in the Encuesta Longitudinal de la Primera Infancia cohort. Data were collected in 2010 and 2012. Families from all regions of the country were considered. Breastfeeding information was collected via maternal report and standardised assessments were used to collect information on maternal IQ and personality. Logistic and linear regressions were used to identify predictors of breastfeeding initiation and duration. RESULTS Breastfeeding was initiated by 95.2% of mothers. Variation in duration of breastfeeding was large, ranging from 1 to 48 months (M = 11.74; SD = 8.74). Maternal IQ, low-risk prenatal behaviours, conditions at birth and the presence of a partner were relevant predictors of both initiation and duration of breastfeeding, whereas personality and contextual/socioeconomic factors were relevant only for breastfeeding duration. Differences between regions were observed. Rates of caesarean deliveries are alarmingly high and triple that of the global WHO recommendations, at 45% of deliveries in Chile, which are implicated in both initiation and duration. CONCLUSIONS Breastfeeding rates exceed Chilean target goals although vary by region. Global targets now need to be focused on. Social and health determinants are implicated in both initiation and duration of breastfeeding. These findings suggest important targets for policy development and breastfeeding initiatives in Chile, particularly concerning the reduction of surgical deliveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chamarrita Farkas
- Psychology School, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lisa-Christine Girard
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Edinburgh School of Health in Social Science, Edinburgh, UK
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Abstract
IMPORTANCE Potential effects of breast feeding on children's behaviour remains an elusive debate given inherent methodological challenges. Propensity score matching affords benefits by ensuring greater equivalence on observable social and health determinants, helping to reduce bias between groups. OBJECTIVES We examined whether the duration of breast feeding had an impact on children's externalising and internalising behaviours. STUDY DESIGN A cohort study (Encuesta Longitudinal de la Primera Infancia cohort) that included 3037 Chilean families who were enrolled in 2010. Follow-up data was collected in 2012. SETTING General community. PARTICIPANTS Population-based sample. Eligibility criteria: children born full-term with complete data on matching variables. Matching variables included: healthcare system as a proxy of income, presence of a partner/spouse in the household, maternal age, educational level, IQ, working status, type of work, diagnosis of prenatal depression by a healthcare professional, smoking during pregnancy, delivery type, child sex, weight at birth, incubation following delivery, and child age. EXPOSURE Duration of breast feeding. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Externalising and internalising problems assessed using the Child Behaviour Checklist. RESULTS Matched results revealed benefits of any breast feeding, up to 6 months, on emotional reactivity and somatic complaints (mean difference of -1.00, 95% CI, -1.84 to -0.16 and -1.02, 95% CI, -1.76 to -0.28, respectively). Children breast fed between 7 and 12 months also had reduced scores on emotional reactivity, in addition to attention problems (mean difference of -0.86, 95% CI, -1.66 to -0.06 and -0.50, 95% CI, -0.93 to -0.07, respectively). No benefits were observed for children breast fed 13 months or more. CONCLUSION Reduced internalising difficulties and inattention were found in children breast fed up to a year, suggesting that breast feeding may have beneficial impacts on these areas of development. The magnitude of effect was modest. Extended durations of breast feeding did not appear to offer any benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Christine Girard
- School of Health in Social Science, Clinical Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Chamarrita Farkas
- Psychology School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Peyre H, Hoertel N, Bernard JY, Rouffignac C, Forhan A, Taine M, Heude B, Ramus F. Sex differences in psychomotor development during the preschool period: A longitudinal study of the effects of environmental factors and of emotional, behavioral, and social functioning. J Exp Child Psychol 2018; 178:369-384. [PMID: 30292567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We sought to determine the extent to which sex differences in psychomotor development during the preschool period can be explained by differential exposure to environmental factors and/or differences in emotional, behavioral, or social functioning. Children from the EDEN mother-child cohort were assessed for language, gross motor, and fine motor skills at 2, 3, and 5-6 years of age using parental questionnaires and neuropsychological tests. Structural equation models examining the associations between sex and language, gross motor, and fine motor skills at 2, 3, and 5-6 years were performed while adjusting for a broad range of pre- and postnatal environmental factors as well as emotional, behavioral and socialization difficulties. Girls (n = 492) showed better fine motor skills than boys (n = 563) at 2 years (Cohen's d = 0.67 in the fully adjusted models), at 3 years (d = 0.72), and to a lesser extent at 5-6 years (d = 0.29). Girls also showed better language skills at 2 years (d = 0.36) and 3 years (d = 0.37) but not at 5-6 years (d = 0.04). We found no significant differences between girls and boys in gross motor skills at 2, 3, or 5-6 years. Similar results were found in the models unadjusted and adjusted for pre- and postnatal environmental factors as well as emotional, behavioral, and socialization difficulties. Our findings are consistent with the idea that sex differences in fine motor and language skills at 2 and 3 years of age are not explained by differential exposure to environmental factors or by sex differences in emotional, behavioral, or social functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Peyre
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Robert Debré Hospital, l'Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 75019 Paris, France; Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique, Dept d'Etudes Cognitives, ENS, PSL University, EHESS, CNRS, France.
| | - Nicolas Hoertel
- Department of Psychiatry, Corentin Celton Hospital, AP-HP, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; Paris Descartes University, Pôles de Recherche et D'enseignement Supérieur (PRES), Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 894, Psychiatry and Neurosciences Center, Paris Descartes University, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Jonathan Y Bernard
- INSERM UMR 1153, Center of Research in Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (ORCHAD) Team, 94807 Villejuif, France; Paris Descartes University, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Chloe Rouffignac
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Robert Debré Hospital, l'Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 75019 Paris, France
| | - Anne Forhan
- INSERM UMR 1153, Center of Research in Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (ORCHAD) Team, 94807 Villejuif, France; Paris Descartes University, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Marion Taine
- INSERM UMR 1153, Center of Research in Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (ORCHAD) Team, 94807 Villejuif, France; Paris Descartes University, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Barbara Heude
- INSERM UMR 1153, Center of Research in Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (ORCHAD) Team, 94807 Villejuif, France; Paris Descartes University, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Franck Ramus
- Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique, Dept d'Etudes Cognitives, ENS, PSL University, EHESS, CNRS, France
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Kersuzan C, Tichit C, Thierry X. Les pratiques d’allaitement des immigrées et des natives en France, à partir de la cohorte Elfe. POPULATION 2018. [DOI: 10.3917/popu.1803.0571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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14
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Girard LC, Doyle O, Tremblay RE. Breastfeeding and externalising problems: a quasi-experimental design with a national cohort. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018; 27:877-884. [PMID: 29177565 PMCID: PMC6013516 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-017-1085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Evidence from correlational studies supporting the benefits of breastfeeding on children's externalising problems is mixed. Quasi-experimental approaches can help in better understanding possible 'effects'. We aimed to investigate the longitudinal impact of breastfeeding on externalising problems from childhood into adolescence. Participants included ~ 5000 full-term children, from the Growing Up in Ireland Child Cohort. Externalising problems (conduct problems and hyperactivity) were assessed using both the parent and teacher versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire when children were age 9 and 13. Maternal reports were used to collect retrospective information on breastfeeding. Propensity score matching, and adjusting for multiple testing were used to compare the average treatment effects for children who were breastfed. Post matching results revealed statistically significant reductions in hyperactivity at age nine, using both maternal and teacher reports (difference score - 0.48, 95% CI - 0.85, - 0.11; and - 0.51, 95% CI - 0.90, - 0.12, respectively), for children who were breastfed between 6 and 12 months, but not thereafter. These effects were not maintained at age 13. Moreover, no effects of breastfeeding on conduct problems were found at any age, regardless of duration, using either maternal or teacher report. While some benefits of breastfeeding were found, compatible with a temporary modest reduction in hyperactivity, related to being breastfed for 26-50 weeks, these results must be viewed in the context of reliance of propensity score matching on observable characteristics. Additionally, our results are suggestive of a potential non-linear dose-response of breastfeeding on hyperactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Christine Girard
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Geary Institute for Public Policy, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Health in Social Science, Clinical Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK.
| | - Orla Doyle
- Geary Institute for Public Policy, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Economics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Geary Institute for Public Policy, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment (GRIP), Université de Montreal, Montréal, Canada
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychology, Université de Montreal, Montréal, Canada
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