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Hondo N, Kitazawa M, Koyama M, Nakamura S, Tokumaru S, Miyazaki S, Kataoka M, Seharada K, Soejima Y. MEK inhibitor and anti-EGFR antibody overcome sotorasib resistance signals and enhance its antitumor effect in colorectal cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2023:216264. [PMID: 37336286 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) oncogene was "undruggable" until sotorasib, a KRASG12C selective inhibitor, was developed with promising efficacy. However, inhibition of mutant KRAS in colorectal cancer cells (CRC) is ineffective due to feedback activation of MEK/ERK downstream of KRAS. In this study, we screened for combination therapies of simultaneous inhibition to overcome sotorasib resistance using our previously developed Mix Culture Assay. We evaluated whether there was an additive effect of sotorasib administered alone and in combination with two or three drugs: trametinib, a MEK inhibitor, and cetuximab, an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody. The MAPK pathway was reactivated in KRASG12C-mutated cell lines treated with sotorasib alone. Treatment with KRAS and MEK inhibitors suppressed the reactivation of the MAPK pathway, but upregulated EGFR expression. However, the addition of cetuximab to this combination suppressed EGFR reactivation. This three-drug combination therapy resulted in significant growth inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Our data suggest that reactive feedback may play a key role in the resistance signal in CRC. Simultaneously inhibiting KRAS, MEK, and EGFR is a potentially promising strategy for patients with KRASG12C-mutated CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Hondo
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Masato Kitazawa
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
| | - Makoto Koyama
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakamura
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Shigeo Tokumaru
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyazaki
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kataoka
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Kai Seharada
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Soejima
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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Gencturk E, Kasim M, Morova B, Kiraz A, Ulgen KO. Understanding the Link between Inflammasome and Apoptosis through the Response of THP-1 Cells against Drugs Using Droplet-Based Microfluidics. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:16323-16332. [PMID: 35601322 PMCID: PMC9118214 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Droplet-based microfluidic devices are used to investigate monocytic THP-1 cells in response to drug administration. Consistent and reproducible droplets are created, each of which acts as a bioreactor to carry out single cell experiments with minimized contamination and live cell tracking under an inverted fluorescence microscope for more than 2 days. Here, the effects of three different drugs (temsirolimus, rifabutin, and BAY 11-7082) on THP-1 are examined and the results are analyzed in the context of the inflammasome and apoptosis relationship. The ASC adaptor gene tagged with GFP is monitored as the inflammasome reporter. Thus, a systematic way is presented for deciphering cell-to-cell heterogeneity, which is an important issue in cancer treatment. The drug temsirolimus, which has effects of disrupting the mTOR pathway and triggering apoptosis in tumor cells, causes THP-1 cells to express ASC and to be involved in apoptosis. Treatment with rifabutin, which inhibits proliferation and initiates apoptosis in cells, affects ASC expression by first increasing and then decreasing it. CASP-3, which has a role in apoptosis and is directly related to ASC, has an increasing level in inflammasome conditioning. Thus, the cell under the effect of rifabutin might be faced with programmed cell death faster. The drug BAY 11-7082, which is responsible for NFκB inhibition, shows similar results to temsirolimus with more than 60% of cells having high fluorescence intensity (ASC expression). The microfluidic platform presented here offers strong potential for studying newly developed small-molecule inhibitors for personalized/precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Gencturk
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Boǧaziçi
University, Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Muge Kasim
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Boǧaziçi
University, Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Berna Morova
- Department
of Physics, Koç University, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alper Kiraz
- Department
of Physics, Koç University, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Department
of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koç University, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kutlu O. Ulgen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Boǧaziçi
University, Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
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Koizumi M, Watanabe T, Masumoto J, Sunago K, Imamura Y, Kanemitsu K, Kumagi T, Hiasa Y. Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD regulates the growth of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22351. [PMID: 34785680 PMCID: PMC8595714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01465-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) is a key adaptor protein of inflammasomes and a proapoptotic molecule; however, its roles in signal transduction in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells remain unknown. Here, we clarified the role and mechanisms of action of ASC in PDAC using clinical evidence and in vitro data. ASC expression in PDAC tissues was analyzed using public tumor datasets and immunohistochemistry results of patients who underwent surgery, and PDAC prognosis was investigated using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter. ASC expression in PDAC cells was downregulated using small-interfering RNA, and gene expression was assessed by RNA sequencing. Review of the Oncomine database and immunostaining of surgically removed tissues revealed elevated ASC expression in PDAC tumors relative to non-tumor tissue, indicating poor prognosis. We observed high ASC expression in multiple PDAC cells, with ASC silencing subsequently inhibiting PDAC cell growth and altering the expression of cell cycle-related genes. Specifically, ASC silencing reduced cyclin D1 levels and stopped the cell cycle at the G1 phase but did not modulate the expression of any apoptosis-related molecules. These results show that ASC inhibited tumor progression via cell cycle modulation in PDAC cells and could be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhito Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takao Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Junya Masumoto
- Department of Pathology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine and Proteo-Science Center, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kotaro Sunago
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kozue Kanemitsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Teru Kumagi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
- Post Graduate Medical Education Center, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hiasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan.
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Zandi A, Rafizadeh‐Tafti S, Shojaeian F, Ali Khayamian M, Abbasvandi F, Faranoush M, Anbiaee R, Najafikhoshnoo S, Hoseinpour P, Assadi S, Katebi P, Davari sh. Z, Shalileh S, Salemizadeh Parizi M, Vanaei S, Ghaderinia M, Abadijoo H, Taheri P, Reza Esmailinejad M, Sanati H, Reza Rostami M, Sadeghian R, Kordehlachin Y, Sadegh Mousavi‐kiasary SM, Mamdouh A, Hossein Miraghaie S, Baharvand H, Abdolahad M. Positive electrostatic therapy of metastatic tumors: selective induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by pure charges. Cancer Med 2021; 10:7475-7491. [PMID: 34626092 PMCID: PMC8559484 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We discovered that pure positive electrostatic charges (PECs) have an intrinsic suppressive effect on the proliferation and metabolism of invasive cancer cells (cell lines and animal models) without affecting normal tissues. METHODS We interacted normal and cancer cell lines and animal tumors with PECs by connecting a charged patch to cancer cells and animal tumors. many biochemical, molecular and radiological assays were carried out on PEC treated and control samples. RESULTS Correlative interactions between electrostatic charges and cancer cells contain critical unknown factors that influence cancer diagnosis and treatment. Different types of cell analyses prove PEC-based apoptosis induction in malignant cell lines. Flowcytometry and viability assay depict selective destructive effects of PEC on malignant breast cancer cells. Additionally, strong patterns of pyknotic apoptosis, as well as downregulation of proliferative-associated proteins (Ki67, CD31, and HIF-1α), were observed in histopathological and immunohistochemical patterns of treated mouse malignant tumors, respectively. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results demonstrate up/down-regulated apoptotic/proliferative transcriptomes (P21, P27, P53/CD34, integrin α5, vascular endothelial growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor) in treated animal tumors. Expression of propidium iodide in confocal microscopy images of treated malignant tissues was another indication of the destructive effects of PECs on such cells. Significant tumor size reduction and prognosis improvement were seen in over 95% of treated mouse models with no adverse effects on normal tissues. CONCLUSION We discovered that pure positive electrostatic charges (PECs) have an intrinsic suppressive effect on the proliferation and metabolism of invasive cancer cells (cell lines and animal models) without affecting normal tissues. The findings were statistically and observationally significant when compared to radio/chemotherapy-treated mouse models. As a result, this nonionizing radiation may be used as a practical complementary approach with no discernible side effects after passing future human model studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Zandi
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
- Nano Electronic Center of ExcellenceNanoelectronics and Thin Film Lab.School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Saeid Rafizadeh‐Tafti
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Fatemeh Shojaeian
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
- School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Ali Khayamian
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Fereshteh Abbasvandi
- ATMP DepartmentBreast Cancer Research CenterMotamed Cancer InstituteACECRTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Faranoush
- Pediatric Growth and Development Research CenterInstitute of Endocrinology and MetabolismIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Cardio‐Oncology Research CenterRajaie Cardiovascuar Medical & Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Robab Anbiaee
- Department of Radiation OncologyImam Hossein HospitalShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Sahar Najafikhoshnoo
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | | | - Sepanta Assadi
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Pouyan Katebi
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Zahra Davari sh.
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Shahriar Shalileh
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Salemizadeh Parizi
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Shohreh Vanaei
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Mohammadreza Ghaderinia
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Hamed Abadijoo
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Payam Taheri
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental BiologyCell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and TechnologyACECRTehranIran
| | | | - Hassan Sanati
- ATMP DepartmentBreast Cancer Research CenterMotamed Cancer InstituteACECRTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Reza Rostami
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Reza Sadeghian
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Yasin Kordehlachin
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - S. M. Sadegh Mousavi‐kiasary
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Amir Mamdouh
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Seyyed Hossein Miraghaie
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental BiologyCell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and TechnologyACECRTehranIran
- Department of Developmental BiologyUniversity of Science and CultureTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Abdolahad
- Nanobioelectronic Devices Lab.Cancer Electronics Research GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
- Nano Electronic Center of ExcellenceNanoelectronics and Thin Film Lab.School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran
- Cancer InstituteImam Khomeini HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- UT&TUMS Cancer electronic Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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5
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Immunohistochemical Study of ASC Expression and Distribution in the Hippocampus of an Aged Murine Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168697. [PMID: 34445402 PMCID: PMC8395512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and is notably dependent on age. One important inflammatory pathway exerted by innate immune cells of the nervous system in response to danger signals is mediated by inflammasomes (IF) and leads to the generation of potent pro-inflammatory cytokines. The protein “apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain” (ASC) modulates IF activation but has also other functions which are crucial in AD. We intended to characterize immunohistochemically ASC and pattern recognition receptors (PRR) of IF in the hippocampus (HP) of the transgenic mouse model Tg2576 (APP), in which amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathology is directly dependent on age. We show in old-aged APP a significant amount of ASC in microglia and astrocytes associated withAβ plaques, in the absence of PRR described by others in glial cells. In addition, APP developed foci with clusters of extracellular ASC granules not spatiallyrelated to Aβ plaques, which density correlated with the advanced age of mice and AD development. Clusters were associated withspecific astrocytes characterized by their enlarged ring-shaped process terminals, ASC content, and frequent perivascular location. Their possible implication in ASC clearance and propagation of inflammation is discussed.
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Liang A, Zhong S, Xi B, Zhou C, Jiang X, Zhu R, Yang Y, Zhong L, Wan D. High expression of PYCARD is an independent predictor of unfavorable prognosis and chemotherapy resistance in glioma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:986. [PMID: 34277786 PMCID: PMC8267320 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background PYD and CARD domain-containing (PYCARD) was upregulated in TMZ-resistant cell lines and glioma tissue and was correlated with poor prognosis, its role in glioma is unclear known. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between PYCARD and glioma based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases. Methods Glioma-resistant cells were compared with parental cells based on the GSE53014 and GSE113510 data sets. The relationship between PYCARD, tumor microenvironment, and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) was assessed using logistic regression. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression were used to analyze the relationship between PYCARD expression and survival rate. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was also used to determine the biological function of PYCARD and lncRNAs. Cell viability and cell migration assays were used to evaluate the ability of cells to migrate and proliferate. Finally, we analyzed the expression patterns of PYCARD genes in a wide range of cancers. Results Elevated expression of PYCARD promoted glioma cell proliferation and migration. PYCARD expression was significantly positively associated with gamma delta T cells but negatively correlated with M2 macrophages in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Likewise, PYCARD expression was significantly positively associated with monocytes but negatively associated with activated mast cells in low grade glioma (LGG). We also found that 3 PYCARD-related lncRNAs in GBM and 4 PYCARD-related lncRNAs in LGG had a predictive value for glioma patients. The pan-cancer analysis showed that PYCARD expression was higher in most cancer groups. Conclusions High expression of PYCARD is an independent predictor of unfavorable prognosis and chemotherapy resistance in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shupeng Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Bin Xi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chaoyang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xingxing Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ronglan Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liangchen Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dengfeng Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Kitazawa M, Miyagawa Y, Koyama M, Nakamura S, Hondo N, Miyazaki S, Muranaka F, Tokumaru S, Yamamoto Y, Ehara T, Kuroiwa M, Tanaka H, Komatsu D, Takeoka M, Soejima Y. Drug sensitivity profile of minor KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer using mix culture assay: The effect of AMG-510, a novel KRAS G12C selective inhibitor, on colon cancer cells is markedly enhanced by the combined inhibition of MEK and BCL-XL. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 15:148. [PMID: 34094546 PMCID: PMC8165703 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer with a Kirsten rat sarcoma 2 viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) gene mutation is considered to be resistant to anti-EGFR agents. G12D is the most common KRAS mutation in colorectal cancer, followed by G12V and G13D. According to clinical and basic research data, patients with colorectal cancer exhibiting G12D and G12V KRAS mutations are resistant to anti-EGFR agents; however, this is not true of G13D and other minor mutations, which are still not well understood. The current study focused on minor KRAS mutations (G12A, G12C, G12S, Q61H and A146T) and evaluated whether these were resistant to anti-EGFR antibodies using a mix culture assay. The results demonstrated that all KRAS mutations, including minor mutations, were resistant to two anti-EGFR agents: Cetuximab and panitumumab. The combined effect of MEK and BCL-XL inhibition on colorectal cancer cells with KRAS minor mutations were subsequently evaluated. The combined effect of MEK and BCL-XL inhibitors was confirmed in all KRAS minor mutations. The sensitivity of AMG510, a novel KRAS G12C selective inhibitor, was also assessed. The mix culture assay revealed that AMG510 selectively exerted an antitumor effect on colon cancer cells with a G12C KRAS mutation. The combination of MEK and BCL-XL inhibition markedly enhanced the effect of AMG510 in colon cancer cells. The current study suggested that AMG510 may have potential clinical use in combination with MEK and BCL-XL inhibitors in the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer exhibiting the G12C KRAS mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Kitazawa
- Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyagawa
- Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Makoto Koyama
- Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Nao Hondo
- Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyazaki
- Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Futoshi Muranaka
- Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shigeo Tokumaru
- Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Takehito Ehara
- Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Kuroiwa
- Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Daisuke Komatsu
- Department of Surgery, Jinai Hospital, Ina, Nagano 396-0026, Japan
| | - Michiko Takeoka
- Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yuji Soejima
- Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
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Yu ZH, Ji YC, Li K, Liang T, Liu B, Chen HL, Ni L, Luo ZP, Yang HL. Stiffness of the extracellular matrix affects apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells by regulating the cytoskeleton and activating the TRPV2 channel protein. Cell Signal 2021; 84:110005. [PMID: 33862152 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It is known that nucleus pulposus cells (NPs) play an important role in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), and a previous study indicated that the stiffness of NP tissue changes during the degeneration process. However, the mechanism underlying the cellular response to ECM stiffness is still unclear. To analyze the effects of extracellular matrix (ECM) with different degrees of stiffness on NPs, we prepared polyacrylamide (PA) gels with different elastic moduli, and cells grown under different stiffness conditions were obtained and analyzed. The results showed that the spreading morphology of NPs changed significantly under increased ECM elastic modulus conditions and that TRPV2 and the PI3K / AKT signaling pathway were activated by stiffer ECM. At the same time, mitochondria released cytochrome c (Cyt c) and activated caspase proteins to promote the apoptosis of NPs. After TRPV2 was specifically knocked out, the activation of the PI3K / AKT signaling pathway decreased, and the release of Cyt c and NP apoptosis were reduced. These results indicate that TRPV2 is closely linked to the detection of extracellular mechanical signals, and that conversion of mechanical and biological signals plays an important role in regulating the biological behavior of cells. This study offers a new perspective on the cellular and biochemical events underlying IVDD which could result in novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Hui Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Chao Ji
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Liang
- Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai-Lei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangsu Rudong County People's Hospital, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zong-Ping Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hui-Lin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Ginsenoside Rg1 Alleviates Podocyte Injury Induced by Hyperlipidemia via Targeting the mTOR/NF- κB/NLRP3 Axis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2735714. [PMID: 33133213 PMCID: PMC7568787 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2735714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Podocyte injury plays an important role in diabetic nephropathy (DN). The aim of this study was to determine the potential therapeutic effects of the ginsenoside Rg1 on hyperlipidemia-stressed podocytes and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods In vitro and in vivo models of DN were established as previously described, and the expression levels of relevant markers were analyzed by Western blotting, real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. Results Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviated pyroptosis in podocytes cultured under hyperlipidemic conditions, as well as in the renal tissues of diabetic rats, and downregulated the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/NF-κB pathway. In addition, Rg1 also inhibited hyperlipidemia-induced NLRP3 inflammasome in the podocytes, which was abrogated by the mTOR activator L-leucine (LEU). The antipyroptotic effects of Rg1 manifested as improved renal function in the DN rats. Conclusion Ginsenoside Rg1 protects podocytes from hyperlipidemia-induced damage by inhibiting pyroptosis through the mTOR/NF-κB/NLRP3 axis, indicating a potential therapeutic function in DN.
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Zhu C, Jiang Y, Zhu J, He Y, Yin H, Duan Q, Zhang L, Cao B, An X. CircRNA8220 Sponges MiR-8516 to Regulate Cell Viability and Milk Synthesis via Ras/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathways in Goat Mammary Epithelial Cells. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10081347. [PMID: 32759741 PMCID: PMC7459788 DOI: 10.3390/ani10081347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Yield and quality of goat milk are important indexes for screening dairy goat breeds. Therefore, it is necessary for us to improve the yield and quality of goat milk. In this study, we demonstrated that circRNA8220/miR-8516/STC2 could promote the synthesis of β-casein and triglyceride through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. In addition, we found that circRNA8220/miR-8516/STC2 also promote proliferation via Ras/MEK/ERK pathway in goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs). These findings contribute to a better understanding of circRNA-controlled breast development and lactation mechanisms and provide new potential insights into the regulation of breast development and milk composition in dairy goats. Abstract Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are considered a large class of endogenous noncoding RNAs, function as regulators in various biological procedures. In this study, the function and molecular mechanisms of circRNA8220 in goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs) were explored. CircRNA8220 could spong miR-8516 and block the function of miR-8516 by binding to the target site of miR-8516 a negative feedback relationship existed between circRNA8220 and miR-8516. Stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) was a target gene of miR-8516. circRNA8220 could up-regulate the expression of STC2 by sponging miR-8516 in GMECs. circRNA8220/miR-8516/STC2 could promote proliferation and enhance the synthesis of β-casein and triglycerides (TG) via Ras/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, respectively.
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11
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Wu S, Yao W, Chen C, Chen H, Huang F, Liu Y, Cai J, Yuan D, Hei Z. Connexin 32 deficiency protects the liver against ischemia/reperfusion injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 876:173056. [PMID: 32147436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common complication in the clinical setting. Our previous study has shown that connexin 32 (Cx32) plays a major role in renal I/R injury; however, the role of Cx32 in hepatic I/R injury remains unknown. Liver tissue and serum samples from patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) were used to evaluate the function of Cx32 in OLT post-reperfusion injury. Then, partial hepatic ischemia was established in global Cx32 knockout mice and wild-type mice followed by reperfusion. Hepatic injury markers were examined. Cx32 small interfering RNA and the p53 inhibitor, pifithrin-α, tenovin-1 were used to examine the relationship between Cx32 and the p53/puma pathways in the BRL-3A and murine primary hepatocytes hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model. Corresponding to liver damage, Cx32 was significantly induced both during OLT in human patients and partial hepatic I/R in mice. Cx32 KO mice exhibited less liver injury than controls. Cx32 deficiency significantly suppressed the p53/puma pathways and hepatocyte apoptosis. Similar results were observed in the BRL-3A and murine primary hepatocytes H/R model. Propofol protected against OLT post-reperfusion injury and hepatocyte apoptosis by inhibiting Cx32. In conclusion Cx32 is a novel regulator of hepatic I/R injury through the modulation of hepatocyte apoptosis and damage, largely via the p53/puma signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Weifeng Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Chaojin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Huixin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yiqian Liu
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Dongdong Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Ziqing Hei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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12
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Protti MP, De Monte L. Dual Role of Inflammasome Adaptor ASC in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:40. [PMID: 32117971 PMCID: PMC7010858 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis-associated Speck-like protein containing a CARD (caspase activation and recruitment domain) (ASC), also called PYCARD/Target of Methylation-induced Silencing-1 (TMS1), was originally discovered as a protein that forms aggregates (“specks”) in human leukemia cells treated with chemotherapeutic agents. Its expression was found to be silenced by methylation in many human tumors, preventing tumor cells from undergoing apoptosis and supporting its role as a tumor suppressor. Subsequently, ASC was also identified as a central adaptor molecule of the inflammasome complex, which mediates the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-1β and IL-18). Inflammatory cytokines have been shown to mediate tumor-promoting functions. Thus, in the context of cancer development and progression, ASC may exert opposing functions, i.e., be either tumor-suppressing by inducing tumor cell apoptosis, or tumor-promoting by favoring secretion of inflammatory cytokines (by tumor cells and/or tumor infiltrating myeloid cells) within the tumor microenvironment. Here, we report and discuss this dual role of ASC by also considering the final contribution of each of its two main functions in several cancer types, taking into consideration the correlation between ASC expression, clinical correlates, and patients’ survival. ASC and inflammasome targeting strategies are being developed. However, before the use of such treatments in clinical practice, it is fundamental to better dissect the role of ASC in different tumors, in order to privilege or avoid their use in those tumors in which ASC exerts an anti-tumor or pro-tumor function, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Protti
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia De Monte
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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13
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The Multifaceted Roles of Pyroptotic Cell Death Pathways in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091313. [PMID: 31492049 PMCID: PMC6770479 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a category of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade other parts of the body. Chemotherapy is the most widely used first-line treatment for multiple forms of cancer. Chemotherapeutic agents act via targeting the cellular apoptotic pathway. However, cancer cells usually acquire chemoresistance, leading to poor outcomes in cancer patients. For that reason, it is imperative to discover other cell death pathways for improved cancer intervention. Pyroptosis is a new form of programmed cell death that commonly occurs upon pathogen invasion. Pyroptosis is marked by cell swelling and plasma membrane rupture, which results in the release of cytosolic contents into the extracellular space. Currently, pyroptosis is proposed to be an alternative mode of cell death in cancer treatment. Accumulating evidence shows that the key components of pyroptotic cell death pathways, including inflammasomes, gasdermins and pro-inflammatory cytokines, are involved in the initiation and progression of cancer. Interfering with pyroptotic cell death pathways may represent a promising therapeutic option for cancer management. In this review, we describe the current knowledge regarding the biological significance of pyroptotic cell death pathways in cancer pathogenesis and also discuss their potential therapeutic utility.
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Calpain silencing alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through the NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 axis in mice. Life Sci 2019; 233:116631. [PMID: 31278945 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Prior to reperfusion, Calpains remain inactive due to the acidic pH and elevated ionic strength in the ischemic myocardium; but Calpain is activated during myocardial reperfusion. The underlying mechanism of Calpain activation in the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is yet to be determined. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the mechanism of Calpain in I/R-induced mice. MAIN METHODS In order to detect the function of Calpain and the NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 axis in cardiomyocyte pyroptosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and myocardial function, the cardiomyocytes were treated with hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R), and NLRP3 were silenced, Calpain was overexpressed and Caspase-1 inhibitors were used to determine cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. The results obtained from the cell experiments were then verified with an animal experiment in I/R mice. KEY FINDINGS There was an overexpression in Calpain, ASC, NLRP3, GRP78 and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) in cardiomyocytes following H/R. A significant increase was witnessed in lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, cardiomyocyte pyroptosis rate, Calpain activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration, as well as activation of ER stress in cardiomyocytes after H/R. However, opposing results were observed in H/R cardiomyocytes that received siRNA Calpain, siRNA NLRP3 or Caspase-1 inhibitor treatment. Overall, the results obtained from the animal experiment were consistent with the results from the cell experiment. SIGNIFICANCE The silencing of Calpain suppresses the activation of the NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 axis, thus inhibiting ER stress in mice and improving myocardial dysfunction induced by I/R, providing a novel therapeutic pathway for I/R.
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15
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Yu L, Yang F, Zhang F, Guo D, Li L, Wang X, Liang T, Wang J, Cai Z, Jin H. CD69 enhances immunosuppressive function of regulatory T-cells and attenuates colitis by prompting IL-10 production. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:905. [PMID: 30185773 PMCID: PMC6125584 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0927-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) can inhibit immune responses and maintain immune tolerance by secreting immunosuppressive TGF-β1 and IL-10. However, the efficiency of Tregs become the major obstacle to their use for immunotherapy. In this study, we investigated the relevance of the C-type lectin receptor CD69 to the suppressive function. Compared to CD4+Foxp3+CD69− Tregs (CD69− Tregs), CD4+Foxp3+CD69+ Tregs (CD69+ Tregs) displayed stronger ability to maintain immune tolerance. CD69+ Tregs expressed higher levels of suppression-associated markers such as CTLA-4, ICOS, CD38 and GITR, and secreted higher levels of IL-10 but not TGF-β1. CD69+ Tregs from Il10+/+ rather than Il10−/− mice significantly inhibit the proliferation of CD4+ T cells. CD69 over-expression stimulated higher levels of IL-10 and c-Maf expression, which was compromised by silencing of STAT3 or STAT5. In addition, the direct interaction of STAT3 with the c-Maf promoter was detected in cells with CD69 over-expression. Moreover, adoptive transfer of CD69+ Tregs but not CD69−Tregs or CD69+ Tregs deficient in IL-10 dramatically prevented the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in mice. Taken together, CD69 is important to the suppressive function of Tregs by promoting IL-10 production. CD69+ Tregs have the potential to develop new therapeutic approach for autoimmune diseases like IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, The Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fanghui Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danfeng Guo
- Institute of Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, The Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianli Wang
- Institute of Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Cai
- Institute of Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hongchuan Jin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, The Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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16
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蒋 国, 刘 亚, 赵 婉, 王 道, 董 淑, 童 旭. [Effect of gap junction modulation on antitumor effects of adriamycin in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2018; 38:780-786. [PMID: 33168517 PMCID: PMC6765543 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2018.07.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of functional modulation of gap junctions (GJ) on the antitumor effect of adriamycin in breast cancer cells positive for estrogen receptor (ER). METHODS The inhibitory effect of 0 to 24.0 μmol/L adriamycin on the surviving fraction of ER-positive human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and ER-negative MDA-MB-231 cells was assessed with MTT assay; Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay were used to detect the expressions of Cx43 total protein and membrane protein in the cells. A parachute assay was used to evaluate the function of the GJ in MCF-7 cells. The cytotoxic effect of adriamycin was observed in the cells treated with retinoic acid (RA) for enhancing GJ function, in cells treated with oleamide and 18-α- glycyrrhizic acid (18-α-ga) for inhibiting GJ function, and also in cells transfected with Cx43siRNA for Cx43 knockdown. RESULTS ER-positive MCF-7 cells expressed a significantly higher level of Cx43 with stronger GJ function than ER-negative MDA- MB-231 cells. Adriamycin significantly inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells (P < 0.01), and RA treatment further increased the cytotoxicity of adriamycin (P < 0.01) while oleamide and 18-α-GA obviously attenuated the cytotoxicity of adriamycin (P < 0.01). In the cells with Cx43 knockdown, the expressions of total Cx43 protein and Cx43 on the membrane were significantly reduced, the function of GJ was attenuated, and the cytotoxicity of adriamycin was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS ER-positive breast cancer cells have stronger Cx43 expressions and GJ function than the ERnegative cells. The cytotoxicity of adriamycin against the breast cancer cells can be strengthened by enhancing GJ function and attenuated by inhibiting GJ function. Cx43 silencing inhibits the function of GJ to lower the cytotoxicity of adriamycin in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- 国君 蒋
- />蚌埠医学院药学院药理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Pharmacology department of Bengbu Medical college, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 亚明 刘
- />蚌埠医学院药学院药理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Pharmacology department of Bengbu Medical college, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 婉晨 赵
- />蚌埠医学院药学院药理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Pharmacology department of Bengbu Medical college, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 道鑫 王
- />蚌埠医学院药学院药理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Pharmacology department of Bengbu Medical college, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 淑英 董
- />蚌埠医学院药学院药理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Pharmacology department of Bengbu Medical college, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 旭辉 童
- />蚌埠医学院药学院药理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Pharmacology department of Bengbu Medical college, Bengbu 233030, China
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Abstract
Current theories attribute aging to a failure of selection, due to either pleiotropic constraints or declining strength of selection after the onset of reproduction. These theories implicitly leave open the possibility that if senescence-causing alleles could be identified, or if antagonistic pleiotropy could be broken, the effects of aging might be ameliorated or delayed indefinitely. These theories are built on models of selection between multicellular organisms, but a full understanding of aging also requires examining the role of somatic selection within an organism. Selection between somatic cells (i.e., intercellular competition) can delay aging by purging nonfunctioning cells. However, the fitness of a multicellular organism depends not just on how functional its individual cells are but also on how well cells work together. While intercellular competition weeds out nonfunctional cells, it may also select for cells that do not cooperate. Thus, intercellular competition creates an inescapable double bind that makes aging inevitable in multicellular organisms.
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