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Ahuja V, Bhatt AK, Banu JR, Kumar V, Kumar G, Yang YH, Bhatia SK. Microbial Exopolysaccharide Composites in Biomedicine and Healthcare: Trends and Advances. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071801. [PMID: 37050415 PMCID: PMC10098801 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs), e.g., xanthan, dextran, gellan, curdlan, etc., have significant applications in several industries (pharma, food, textiles, petroleum, etc.) due to their biocompatibility, nontoxicity, and functional characteristics. However, biodegradability, poor cell adhesion, mineralization, and lower enzyme activity are some other factors that might hinder commercial applications in healthcare practices. Some EPSs lack biological activities that make them prone to degradation in ex vivo, as well as in vivo environments. The blending of EPSs with other natural and synthetic polymers can improve the structural, functional, and physiological characteristics, and make the composites suitable for a diverse range of applications. In comparison to EPS, composites have more mechanical strength, porosity, and stress-bearing capacity, along with a higher cell adhesion rate, and mineralization that is required for tissue engineering. Composites have a better possibility for biomedical and healthcare applications and are used for 2D and 3D scaffold fabrication, drug carrying and delivery, wound healing, tissue regeneration, and engineering. However, the commercialization of these products still needs in-depth research, considering commercial aspects such as stability within ex vivo and in vivo environments, the presence of biological fluids and enzymes, degradation profile, and interaction within living systems. The opportunities and potential applications are diverse, but more elaborative research is needed to address the challenges. In the current article, efforts have been made to summarize the recent advancements in applications of exopolysaccharide composites with natural and synthetic components, with special consideration of pharma and healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Ahuja
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
- University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - J. Rajesh Banu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Protection, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8600 Forus, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Yi EJ, Kim YI, Song JH, Ko HJ, Chang SY. Intranasal immunization with curdlan induce Th17 responses and enhance protection against enterovirus 71. Vaccine 2023; 41:2243-2252. [PMID: 36863926 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces are in contact with the external environment and protect the body from infection by various microbes. To prevent infectious diseases at the first line of defense, the establishment of pathogen-specific mucosal immunity by mucosal vaccine delivery is needed. Curdlan, a 1,3-β-glucan has a strong immunostimulatory effect when delivered as a vaccine adjuvant. Here, we investigated whether intranasal administration of curdlan and antigen (Ag) could induce sufficient mucosal immune responses and protect against viral infections. Intranasal co-administration of curdlan and OVA increased OVA-specific IgG and IgA Abs in both serum and mucosal secretions. In addition, intranasal co-administration of curdlan and OVA induced the differentiation of OVA-specific Th1/Th17 cells in the draining lymph nodes. To investigate the protective immunity of curdlan against viral infection, intranasal co-administration of curdlan with recombinant VP1 of EV71 C4a was administered and showed enhanced protection against enterovirus 71 in a passive serum transfer model using neonatal hSCARB2 mice, although intranasal administration of VP1 plus curdlan increased VP1-specific helper T cells responses but not mucosal IgA. Next, Mongolian gerbils were intranasally immunized with curdlan plus VP1, and they had effective protection against EV71 C4a infection, while decreasing viral infection and tissue damage by inducing Th17 responses. These results indicated that intranasal curdlan with Ag improved Ag-specific protective immunity by enhancing mucosal IgA and Th17 against viral infection. Our results suggest that curdlan is an advantageous candidate as a mucosal adjuvant and delivery vehicle for the development of mucosal vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Je Yi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-In Kim
- Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea; AI-Superconvergence KIURI Translational Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyoung Song
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Ko
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Chang
- Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea.
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Przekora A, Penolazzi L, Kalisz G, Kazimierczak P, Canal C, Wojcik M, Piva R, Sroka-Bartnicka A. Osteoclast-mediated acidic hydrolysis of thermally gelled curdlan component of the bone scaffolds: Is it possible? Carbohydr Polym 2022; 295:119914. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wan J, Shao Z, Jiang D, Gao H, Yang X. Curdlan production from cassava starch hydrolysates by Agrobacterium sp. DH-2. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:969-979. [PMID: 35312865 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02718-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Curdlan is an edible microbial polysaccharide and can be used in food, biomedical and biomaterial fields. To reduce the cost of curdlan production, this study investigated the suitability of cassava starch hydrolysates as carbon source for curdlan production. Cassava starch was hydrolyzed into maltose syrup using β-amylase and pullulanase at various enzyme dosages, temperature, time and addition order of two enzymes. The maltose yield of 53.17% was achieved at starch loading 30% by simultaneous addition β-amylase 210 U/g starch and pullulanase 3 U/g starch at 60 °C for 9 h. Cassava starch hydrolysates were used as carbon source for curdlan production by Agrobacterium sp. DH-2. The curdlan production reached 28.4 g/L with the yield of 0.79 g/g consumed sugar and molecular weight of 1.26 × 106 Da at 96 h with cassava starch hydrolysate at 90 g/L initial sugar concentration. Curdlan produced from cassava starch hydrolysates was characterized using FT-IR spectra and thermo gravimetric analysis. This work indicated that cassava starch was a potential renewable feedstock for curdlan production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zhiyu Shao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Deming Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Hongliang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Xuexia Yang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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MARCOLINO VA, NASCIMENTO MG, ZIDIOTTI GR, EBERLE MEL, LIMA TDSD, BARÃO CE, PIMENTEL TC, MATIOLI G. Probiotic fermented beverages processed with water-soluble rice extract and added with curdlan oligosaccharides and oligofructose: physicochemical characteristics, rheological parameters, and storage stability. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.64021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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A review presenting production, characterization, and applications of biopolymer curdlan in food and pharmaceutical sectors. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03860-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCurdlan is an exopolysaccharide, specifically a homopolysaccharide, with a high molecular weight that is made up entirely of monomeric glucose molecules connected by β-1,3-glycosidic bonds. Curdlan was first isolated in 1962 by Harada and his colleagues from Alcaligenes faecalis var myxogenes 10C3. Microbial synthesis of this curdlan is mainly associated with soil bacteria. Preliminary screening of curdlan-producing microorganisms is done on aniline blue media. The aniline blue positive microorganisms are subjected to submerged fermentation for the production of curdlan. To improve the yield of curdlan produced, various optimization techniques are employed such as Plackett–Burman, response surface methodology, and others. Curdlan can be characterized by its morphology, gel strength, its infrared, and magnetic resonances among many other characteristics. Due to its distinctive physicochemical and rheological properties, it has gained immense popularity in the food, biomedical, and pharmaceutical sectors. However, curdlan’s functionality can be improved by chemically modifying curdlan to obtain grafted curdlan, hydrogels, and nanocomposites which are discussed in detail herewith. Curdlan was authorized to be used in the food industry by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 1996 and also in 1989 in Taiwan, Japan, and Korea. Over the years, many patents using curdlan have also been filed from different parts of the world. This review provides information about its structure, biosynthesis, production strategies, optimization, characterization, applications, and patents.
Graphic abstract
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Yang H, Li W, Chen S, Guo X, Huang F, Zhu P. Optimization and Modeling of Curdlan Production under Multi-physiological-parameters Process Control by Agrobacterium radiobacter Mutant A-15 at High Initial Glucose. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-021-0028-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Monge Neto AÁ, Tomazini LF, Mizuta AG, Corrêa RCG, Madrona GS, Faria de Moraes F, Peralta RM. Direct microencapsulation of an annatto extract by precipitation of psyllium husk mucilage polysaccharides. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Gieroba B, Sroka-Bartnicka A, Kazimierczak P, Kalisz G, Pieta IS, Nowakowski R, Pisarek M, Przekora A. Effect of Gelation Temperature on the Molecular Structure and Physicochemical Properties of the Curdlan Matrix: Spectroscopic and Microscopic Analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176154. [PMID: 32858980 PMCID: PMC7504023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to determine the effect of different gelation temperatures (80 °C and 90 °C) on the structural arrangements in 1,3-β-d-glucan (curdlan) matrices, spectroscopic and microscopic approaches were chosen. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy are well-established techniques that enable the identification of functional groups in organic molecules based on their vibration modes. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a quantitative analytical method utilized in the surface study, which provided information about the elemental and chemical composition with high surface sensitivity. Contact angle goniometer was applied to evaluate surface wettability and surface free energy of the matrices. In turn, the surface topography characterization was obtained with the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Described techniques may facilitate the optimization, modification, and design of manufacturing processes (such as the temperature of gelation in the case of the studied 1,3-β-d-glucan) of the organic polysaccharide matrices so as to obtain biomaterials with desired characteristics and wide range of biomedical applications, e.g., entrapment of drugs or production of biomaterials for tissue regeneration. This study shows that the 1,3-β-d-glucan polymer sample gelled at 80 °C has a distinctly different structure than the matrix gelled at 90 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Gieroba
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (B.G.); (G.K.)
| | - Anna Sroka-Bartnicka
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (B.G.); (G.K.)
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: or (A.S.-B.); (A.P.); Tel.: +48-81448-7225 (A.S.-B.); +48-81448-7026 (A.P.)
| | - Paulina Kazimierczak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Kalisz
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (B.G.); (G.K.)
| | - Izabela S. Pieta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (I.S.P.); (R.N.); (M.P.)
| | - Robert Nowakowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (I.S.P.); (R.N.); (M.P.)
| | - Marcin Pisarek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (I.S.P.); (R.N.); (M.P.)
| | - Agata Przekora
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: or (A.S.-B.); (A.P.); Tel.: +48-81448-7225 (A.S.-B.); +48-81448-7026 (A.P.)
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Gieroba B, Sroka-Bartnicka A, Kazimierczak P, Kalisz G, Lewalska-Graczyk A, Vivcharenko V, Nowakowski R, Pieta IS, Przekora A. Spectroscopic studies on the temperature-dependent molecular arrangements in hybrid chitosan/1,3-β-D-glucan polymeric matrices. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 159:911-921. [PMID: 32445816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan/1,3-β-D-glucan matrices have been recently used in various biomedical applications. Within this study, the structural changes in hybrid polysaccharide chitosan/1,3-β-D-glucan matrices cross-linked at 70 °C and 80 °C were detected with Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy enabled thorough insights into molecular structure of studied biomaterials, whereas X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) provided their surface characteristics with confirmation of their effective and non-destructive properties. There are temperature-dependent differences in the chemical interactions between 1,3-β-D-glucan units and N-glucosamine in chitosan, resulting in surface polarity changes. The second order derivatives and deconvolution revealed the alterations in the secondary structure of studied matrices, along with different sized grain-like structures revealed by AFM. Since surface physicochemical properties of biomaterials have great impact on cell behavior, abovementioned techniques may allow to optimize and modify the preparation of polymeric matrices with desired features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Gieroba
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Sroka-Bartnicka
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Paulina Kazimierczak
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Kalisz
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lewalska-Graczyk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Marcina Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vladyslav Vivcharenko
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Robert Nowakowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Marcina Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabela S Pieta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Marcina Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Przekora
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
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Yang X, Zheng M, Hao S, Shi H, Lin D, Chen X, Becvarovski A, Pan W, Zhang P, Hu M, Huang XF, Zheng K, Yu Y. Curdlan Prevents the Cognitive Deficits Induced by a High-Fat Diet in Mice via the Gut-Brain Axis. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:384. [PMID: 32477045 PMCID: PMC7239995 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-fat (HF) diet is a major predisposing factor of neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits. Recently, changes in the gut microbiota have been associated with neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment, through the gut-brain axis. Curdlan, a bacterial polysaccharide widely used as food additive, has the potential to alter the composition of the microbiota and improve the gut-brain axis. However, the effects of curdlan against HF diet-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive decline have not been investigated. We aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of dietary curdlan supplementation against the obesity-associated cognitive decline observed in mice fed a HF diet. C57Bl/6J male mice were fed with either a control, HF, or HF with curdlan supplementation diets for 7 days (acute) or 15 weeks (chronic). We found that acute curdlan supplementation prevented the gut microbial composition shift induced by HF diet. Chronic curdlan supplementation prevented cognitive declines induced by HF diet. In addition, curdlan protected against the HF diet-induced abnormities in colonic permeability, hyperendotoxemia, and colonic inflammation. Furthermore, in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus, curdlan mitigated microgliosis, neuroinflammation, and synaptic impairments induced by a HF diet. Thus, curdlan—as a food additive and prebiotic—can prevent cognitive deficits induced by HF diet via the colon-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mingxuan Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hongli Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Danhong Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Alec Becvarovski
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Wei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Minmin Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Kuiyang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yinghua Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Chemistry and microbial sources of curdlan with potential application and safety regulations as prebiotic in food and health. Food Res Int 2020; 133:109136. [PMID: 32466929 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Curdlan - a homopolysaccharide is comprised of glucose using β-1,3-glycosidic bond and produced by different types of microorganisms as exopolysaccharide. Curdlan gel is stable during freezing and thawing processes which find several applications in food and pharmaceutical industries. It acts as a prebiotic, stabilizer and water-holding, viscosifying and texturing agent. Additionally, curdlan gel is used as a food factor to develop the new products e.g. milk fat substitute, non-fat whipped cream, retorting (freeze-drying) process of Tofu, low-fat sausage, and low-fat hamburger. However, a great variation exists among different countries regarding the regulatory aspects of curdlan as food additives, dietary components or prebiotic substances. Therefore, the present review paper aims to discuss safety issues and the establishment of common guidelines and legislation globally, focusing on the use the applications of curdlan in the food sector including the development of noodles, meat-based products, and fat-free dairy products. This review analyzes and describes in detail the potential of curdlan as a sustainable alternative additive in health and food industries, emphasizing on the chemical composition, production, properties, and potential applications.
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14
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Hundschell CS, Wagemans AM. Rheology of common uncharged exopolysaccharides for food applications. Curr Opin Food Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Prakash S, Rajeswari K, Divya P, Ferlin M, Rajeshwari CT, Vanavil B. Optimization and production of curdlan gum using Bacillus cereus PR3 isolated from rhizosphere of leguminous plant. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 48:408-418. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2018.1451886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K. Rajeswari
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P. Divya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. Ferlin
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C. T. Rajeshwari
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B. Vanavil
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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