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Li H, Aboudhiaf S, Parrot S, Scote-Blachon C, Benetollo C, Lin JS, Seugnet L. Pallidin function in Drosophila surface glia regulates sleep and is dependent on amino acid availability. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113025. [PMID: 37682712 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Pallidin protein is a central subunit of a multimeric complex called biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 (BLOC1) that regulates specific endosomal functions and has been linked to schizophrenia. We show here that downregulation of Pallidin and other members of BLOC1 in the surface glia, the Drosophila equivalent of the blood-brain barrier, reduces and delays nighttime sleep in a circadian-clock-dependent manner. In agreement with BLOC1 involvement in amino acid transport, downregulation of the large neutral amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1)-like transporters JhI-21 and mnd, as well as of TOR (target of rapamycin) amino acid signaling, phenocopy Pallidin knockdown. Furthermore, supplementing food with leucine normalizes the sleep/wake phenotypes of Pallidin downregulation, and we identify a role for Pallidin in the subcellular trafficking of JhI-21. Finally, we provide evidence that Pallidin in surface glia is required for GABAergic neuronal activity. These data identify a BLOC1 function linking essential amino acid availability and GABAergic sleep/wake regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Team WAKING, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, 69675 Bron, France
| | - Sami Aboudhiaf
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Team WAKING, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, 69675 Bron, France
| | - Sandrine Parrot
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, NeuroDialyTics Facility, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, 69675 Bron, France
| | - Céline Scote-Blachon
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, GenCyTi Facility, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, 69675 Bron, France
| | - Claire Benetollo
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, GenCyTi Facility, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, 69675 Bron, France
| | - Jian-Sheng Lin
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Team WAKING, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, 69675 Bron, France
| | - Laurent Seugnet
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Team WAKING, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, 69675 Bron, France.
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Time series transcriptome analysis implicates the circadian clock in the Drosophila melanogaster female's response to sex peptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2214883120. [PMID: 36706221 PMCID: PMC9945991 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2214883120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex peptide (SP), a seminal fluid protein of Drosophila melanogaster males, has been described as driving a virgin-to-mated switch in females, through eliciting an array of responses including increased egg laying, activity, and food intake and a decreased remating rate. While it is known that SP achieves this, at least in part, by altering neuronal signaling in females, the genetic architecture and temporal dynamics of the female's response to SP remain elusive. We used a high-resolution time series RNA-sequencing dataset of female heads at 10 time points within the first 24 h after mating to learn about the genetic architecture, at the gene and exon levels, of the female's response to SP. We find that SP is not essential to trigger early aspects of a virgin-to-mated transcriptional switch, which includes changes in a metabolic gene regulatory network. However, SP is needed to maintain and diversify metabolic changes and to trigger changes in a neuronal gene regulatory network. We further find that SP alters rhythmic gene expression in females and suggests that SP's disruption of the female's circadian rhythm might be key to its widespread effects.
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Yu J, Guo X, Zheng S, Zhang W. A dedicate sensorimotor circuit enables fine texture discrimination by active touch. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010562. [PMID: 36649336 PMCID: PMC9882754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Active touch facilitates environments exploration by voluntary, self-generated movements. However, the neural mechanisms underlying sensorimotor control for active touch are poorly understood. During foraging and feeding, Drosophila gather information on the properties of food (texture, hardness, taste) by constant probing with their proboscis. Here we identify a group of neurons (sd-L neurons) on the fly labellum that are mechanosensitive to labellum displacement and synapse onto the sugar-sensing neurons via axo-axonal synapses to induce preference to harder food. These neurons also feed onto the motor circuits that control proboscis extension and labellum spreading to provide on-line sensory feedback critical for controlling the probing processes, thus facilitating ingestion of less liquified food. Intriguingly, this preference was eliminated in mated female flies, reflecting an elevated need for softer food. Our results propose a sensorimotor circuit composed of mechanosensory, gustatory and motor neurons that enables the flies to select ripe yet not over-rotten food by active touch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Guo
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Diaz F, Allan CW, Markow TA, Bono JM, Matzkin LM. Gene expression and alternative splicing dynamics are perturbed in female head transcriptomes following heterospecific copulation. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:359. [PMID: 34006224 PMCID: PMC8132402 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07669-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the growing interest in the female side of copulatory interactions, the roles played by differential expression and alternative splicing mechanisms of pre-RNA on tissues outside of the reproductive tract have remained largely unknown. Here we addressed these questions in the context of con- vs heterospecific matings between Drosophila mojavensis and its sister species, D. arizonae. We analyzed transcriptional responses in female heads using an integrated investigation of genome-wide patterns of gene expression, including differential expression (DE), alternative splicing (AS) and intron retention (IR). RESULTS Our results indicated that early transcriptional responses were largely congruent between con- and heterospecific matings but are substantially perturbed over time. Conspecific matings induced functional pathways related to amino acid balance previously associated with the brain's physiology and female postmating behavior. Heterospecific matings often failed to activate regulation of some of these genes and induced expression of additional genes when compared with those of conspecifically-mated females. These mechanisms showed functional specializations with DE genes mostly linked to pathways of proteolysis and nutrient homeostasis, while AS genes were more related to photoreception and muscle assembly pathways. IR seems to play a more general role in DE regulation during the female postmating response. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence showing that AS genes substantially perturbed by heterospecific matings in female heads evolve at slower evolutionary rates than the genome background. However, DE genes evolve at evolutionary rates similar, or even higher, than those of male reproductive genes, which highlights their potential role in sexual selection and the evolution of reproductive barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Diaz
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Carson W Allan
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Therese Ann Markow
- Cinvestav UGA-Langebio, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jeremy M Bono
- Department of Biology, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, USA.
| | - Luciano M Matzkin
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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Interactions between the microbiome and mating influence the female's transcriptional profile in Drosophila melanogaster. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18168. [PMID: 33097776 PMCID: PMC7584617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75156-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster females undergo a variety of post-mating changes that influence their activity, feeding behavior, metabolism, egg production and gene expression. These changes are induced either by mating itself or by sperm or seminal fluid proteins. In addition, studies have shown that axenic females-those lacking a microbiome-have altered fecundity compared to females with a microbiome, and that the microbiome of the female's mate can influence reproductive success. However, the extent to which post-mating changes in transcript abundance are affected by microbiome state is not well-characterized. Here we investigated fecundity and the post-mating transcript abundance profile of axenic or control females after mating with either axenic or control males. We observed interactions between the female's microbiome and her mating status: transcripts of genes involved in reproduction and genes with neuronal functions were differentially abundant depending on the females' microbiome status, but only in mated females. In addition, immunity genes showed varied responses to either the microbiome, mating, or a combination of those two factors. We further observed that the male's microbiome status influences the fecundity of both control and axenic females, while only influencing the transcriptional profile of axenic females. Our results indicate that the microbiome plays a vital role in the post-mating switch of the female's transcriptome.
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Fiocca K, Barrett M, Waddell EA, Viveiros J, McNair C, O’Donnell S, Marenda DR. Mannitol ingestion causes concentration-dependent, sex-biased mortality in adults of the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213760. [PMID: 31150400 PMCID: PMC6544200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mannitol, a sugar alcohol used in commercial food products, has been previously shown to induce sex-biased mortality in female Drosophila melanogaster when ingested at a single concentration (1 M). We hypothesized that sex differences in energy needs, related to reproductive costs, contributed to the increased mortality we observed in females compared to males. To test this, we compared the longevity of actively mating and non-mating flies fed increasing concentrations of mannitol. We also asked whether mannitol-induced mortality was concentration-dependent for both males and females, and if mannitol's sex-biased effects were consistent across concentrations. Females and males both showed concentration-dependent increases in mortality, but female mortality was consistently higher at concentrations of 0.75 M and above. Additionally, fly longevity decreased further for both sexes when housed in mixed sex vials as compared to single sex vials. This suggests that the increased energetic demands of mating and reproduction for both sexes increased the ingestion of mannitol. Finally, larvae raised on mannitol produced expected adult sex ratios, suggesting that sex-biased mortality due to the ingestion of mannitol occurs only in adults. We conclude that sex and reproductive status differences in mannitol ingestion drive sex-biased differences in adult fly mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Fiocca
- Department of Biology Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Meghan Barrett
- Department of Biology Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Edward A. Waddell
- Department of Biology Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Viveiros
- Department of Biology Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Cheyenne McNair
- Department of Biodiversity, Earth and Environmental Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Sean O’Donnell
- Department of Biology Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Biodiversity, Earth and Environmental Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Daniel R. Marenda
- Department of Biology Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
- * E-mail:
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Geissmann Q, Beckwith EJ, Gilestro GF. Most sleep does not serve a vital function: Evidence from Drosophila melanogaster. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaau9253. [PMID: 30801012 PMCID: PMC6382397 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau9253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sleep appears to be a universally conserved phenomenon among the animal kingdom, but whether this notable evolutionary conservation underlies a basic vital function is still an open question. Using a machine learning-based video-tracking technology, we conducted a detailed high-throughput analysis of sleep in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, coupled with a lifelong chronic and specific sleep restriction. Our results show that some wild-type flies are virtually sleepless in baseline conditions and that complete, forced sleep restriction is not necessarily a lethal treatment in wild-type D. melanogaster. We also show that circadian drive, and not homeostatic regulation, is the main contributor to sleep pressure in flies. These results offer a new perspective on the biological role of sleep in Drosophila and, potentially, in other species.
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Isaac RE. The Effect of Mating and the Male Sex Peptide on Group Behaviour of Post-mated Female Drosophila melanogaster. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:1508-1516. [PMID: 30661229 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02722-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Elwyn Isaac
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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Asahina K. Sex differences in Drosophila behavior: Qualitative and Quantitative Dimorphism. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 6:35-45. [PMID: 30386833 PMCID: PMC6205217 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The importance of sex as a biological variable is being recognized by more and more researchers, including those using Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism. Differences between the two sexes are not confined to well-known reproductive behaviors, but include other behaviors and physiological characteristics that are considered "common" to both sexes. It is possible to categorize sexual dimorphisms into "qualitative" and "quantitative" differences, and this review focuses on recent advances in elucidating genetic and neurophysiological basis of both qualitative and quantitative sex differences in Drosophila behavior. While sex-specific behaviors are often mediated by sexually dimorphic neural circuits, quantitative sexual dimorphism is caused by sex-specific modulation of a common neuronal substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Asahina
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, MNL-KA, La Jolla, California 92037, United States of America
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Walker SJ, Goldschmidt D, Ribeiro C. Craving for the future: the brain as a nutritional prediction system. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2017; 23:96-103. [PMID: 29129289 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, predictive coding has emerged as an important framework for understanding how the brain processes information. It states that the brain is constantly inferring and predicting sensory data from statistical regularities in its environment. While this framework has been largely applied to sensory processing and motor control, we argue here that it could also serve as framework for a better understanding of how animals regulate nutrient homeostasis. Mechanisms that underlie nutrient homeostasis are commonly described in terms of negative feedback control, which compares current states with a reference point, called setpoint, and counteracts any mismatches. Using concepts from control theory, we explain shortcomings of negative feedback as a purely reactive controller, and how feed-forward mechanisms could be incorporated into feedback control to improve the performance of the control system. We then provide numerous examples to show that many insects, as well as mammals, make use of feed-forward, anticipatory mechanisms that go beyond the prevailing view of homeostasis being achieved through reactive negative feedback. The emerging picture is that the brain incorporates predictive signals as well as negative feedback to regulate nutrient homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Walker
- Behavior and Metabolism Laboratory, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon 1400-038, Portugal
| | - Dennis Goldschmidt
- Behavior and Metabolism Laboratory, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon 1400-038, Portugal
| | - Carlos Ribeiro
- Behavior and Metabolism Laboratory, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon 1400-038, Portugal.
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