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Funes AK, Avena MV, Ibañez J, Simón L, Ituarte L, Colombo R, Roldán A, Conte MI, Monclus MÁ, Boarelli P, Fornés MW, Saez Lancellotti TE. Extra-virgin olive oil ameliorates high-fat diet-induced seminal and testicular disorders by modulating the cholesterol pathway. Andrology 2023; 11:1203-1217. [PMID: 36695747 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rabbits are sensitive to dietary cholesterol and rapidly develop hypercholesterolemia, leading to prominent subfertility. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein isoform 2 drives the intracellular cholesterol pathway in many tissues, including the testicles. Its abnormal regulation could be the mainly responsible for the failure of suppressing cholesterol synthesis in a cholesterol-enriched environment, ultimately leading to testicular and seminal alterations. However, extra-virgin olive oil consumption has beneficial properties that promote lowering of cholesterol levels, including the recovery of seminal parameters altered under a high-fat diet. OBJECTIVES Our goal was to investigate the effects of high-fat diet supplementation with extra-virgin olive oil at the molecular level on rabbit testes, by analyzing sterol regulatory element-binding protein isoform 2 protein and its corresponding downstream effectors. MATERIALS AND METHODS During 12 months, male rabbits were fed a control diet, high-fat diet, or 6-month high-fat diet followed by 6-month high-fat diet plus extra-virgin olive oil. Serum lipids, testosterone levels, bodyweight, and seminal parameters were tested. The mRNA and protein levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein isoform 2, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, and low-density lipoprotein receptor were determined by semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting techniques. The expression pattern of sterol regulatory element-binding protein isoform 2 protein in the rabbit testicles was studied by indirect immunofluorescence. In addition, testicular cholesterol was detected and quantified by filipin staining and gas chromatography. RESULTS The data showed that the addition of extra-virgin olive oil to high-fat diet reduced testicular cholesterol levels and recovered the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein isoform 2, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, and low-density lipoprotein receptor initially altered by the high-fat diet. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The combination of high-fat diet with extra-virgin olive oil encourages testicular recovery by modifying the expression of the enzymes related to intracellular cholesterol management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abi Karenina Funes
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Metabolismo & Nutrición (MeNu). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María Virginia Avena
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Metabolismo & Nutrición (MeNu). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Jorge Ibañez
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Layla Simón
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Metabolismo & Nutrición (MeNu). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Leonor Ituarte
- Área de Física Biológica, Departamento de Morfofisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Regina Colombo
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Metabolismo & Nutrición (MeNu). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Adrián Roldán
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Metabolismo & Nutrición (MeNu). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad del Aconcagua, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María Inés Conte
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María Ángeles Monclus
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad del Aconcagua, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Paola Boarelli
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Metabolismo & Nutrición (MeNu). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Metabólicas (LEM), Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Miguel Walter Fornés
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Tania Estefanía Saez Lancellotti
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Metabolismo & Nutrición (MeNu). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM). IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad del Aconcagua, Mendoza, Argentina
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Diet and Male Fertility: The Impact of Nutrients and Antioxidants on Sperm Energetic Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052542. [PMID: 35269682 PMCID: PMC8910394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet might affect male reproductive potential, but the biochemical mechanisms involved in the modulation of sperm quality remain poorly understood. While a Western diet is considered a risk factor for male infertility, the Mediterranean diet seems to protect against male infertility; moreover, the role of a vegetarian habitus in the preservation of sperm quality is controversial. The aim of this review is to analyze the molecular effects of single nutrients on sperm quality, focusing on their involvement in biochemical mechanisms related to sperm bioenergetics. It appears that diets rich in saturated fatty acids (SFA) and low in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) negatively affect sperm quality, whereas unsaturated fatty acids supplementation ameliorates sperm quality. In fact, the administration of PUFA, especially omega-3 PUFA, determined an increase in mitochondrial energetic metabolism and a reduction in oxidative damage. Carbohydrates and proteins are also nutritional modulators of oxidative stress and testosterone levels, which are strictly linked to sperm mitochondrial function, a key element for sperm quality. Moreover, many dietary natural polyphenols differentially affect (positively or negatively) the mitochondrial function, depending on their concentration. We believe that an understanding of the biochemical mechanisms responsible for sperm quality will lead to more targeted and effective therapeutics for male infertility.
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Liu CY, Chang TC, Lin SH, Tsao CW. Is a Ketogenic Diet Superior to a High-Fat, High-Cholesterol Diet Regarding Testicular Function and Spermatogenesis? Front Nutr 2022; 9:805794. [PMID: 35223950 PMCID: PMC8866757 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.805794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to determine effects of a ketogenic diet on metabolic dysfunction, testicular antioxidant capacity, apoptosis, inflammation, and spermatogenesis in a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet-induced obese mice model. Forty-two male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a normal diet (NC group) or a high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFC) diet (HFC group) for 16 weeks, and mice from the HFC group were later randomly divided into two groups: the first were maintained on the original HFC diet, and the second were fed a medium-chain triacylglycerol (MCT)-based ketogenic diet for 8 weeks (KD group). A poor semen quality was observed in the HFC group, but this was eliminated by the ketogenic diet. Both the HFC and KD groups exhibited enhanced apoptosis protein expressions in testis tissue, including caspase 3 and cleaved PARP, and higher inflammation protein expressions, including TNF-α and NF-κB. However, the KD group exhibited a statistically-significant reduction in lipid peroxidation and an increased glutathione peroxidase level as compared with the HFC group. The HFC diet induced obesity in mice, which developed body weight gain, abnormal relative organ weights, metabolic dysfunction, and liver injury. Overall, the results showed that a ketogenic diet attenuated oxidative stress and improved the semen quality reduced by the HFC diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yu Liu
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chia Chang
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Hsiang Lin
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Master Program in Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Tsao
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Experimental Surgery Center, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chih-Wei Tsao
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Akram M, Ali SA, Behare P, Kaul G. Dietary intake of probiotic fermented milk benefits the gut and reproductive health in mice fed with an obesogenic diet. Food Funct 2021; 13:737-752. [PMID: 34939079 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02501e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics have been suggested as alternatives to pharmacological drugs in the treatment of a variety of medical problems, including obesity management, which is often linked to low sperm production. Also, probiotic fermented products are known to boost host immune response, immunosenescence, infection tolerance, and redox homeostasis, but their direct role in male fertility has been less investigated. This study assessed the effect of two probiotic strains, L. fermentum NCDC 400 and L. rhamnosus NCDC 610, and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) fermented milk supplementation. We identified the significantly reduced oxidative stress markers in the plasma and liver of HF diet-fed animals. We determined the role of key testicular enzymes of steroidogenic pathway genes StAR, P450scc, and 17βHSD in maintaining the testosterone concentration and restoring testicular structures. In conclusion, the present work illustrated the ability of both probiotics L. fermentum NCDC 400 and L. rhamnosus NCDC 610 as regulatory agents with beneficial effects on weight loss and endogenous testosterone with substantially improved sperm motility in male diet-induced obesity (DIO) models. Our findings indicate that fermented milk supplementation may be an alternative treatment for preventing obesity and other related metabolic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Akram
- Semen Biology Lab, Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Haryana, India
| | - Syed Azmal Ali
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab, National Dairy Research Institute, Haryana, India
| | - Pradip Behare
- National Collection of Dairy Cultures (NCDC) Lab, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Gautam Kaul
- Semen Biology Lab, Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Haryana, India
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Funes AK, Simón L, Colombo R, Avena MV, Monclús M, Crescitelli J, Cabrillana ME, Conte MI, Cayado N, Boarelli P, Fornés MW, Saez Lancellotti TE. Impact of high fat diet on the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 cholesterol pathway in the testicle. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 27:6206393. [PMID: 33787903 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaab023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Male fertility has been shown to be dependent on cholesterol homeostasis. This lipid is essential for testosterone synthesis and spermatogenesis, but its levels must be maintained in an optimal range for proper testicular function. In particular, sperm cells' development is very sensitive to high cholesterol levels, noticeably during acrosomal formation. The aim of this work was to study whether the molecular pathway that regulates intracellular cholesterol, the sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) pathway, is affected in the testicles of animals under a fat diet. To investigate this, we took advantage of the non-obese hypercholesterolemia (HC) model in New Zealand rabbits that displays poor sperm and seminal quality. The testicular expression of SREBP isoform 2 (SREBP2) and its target molecules 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) were studied under acute (6 months) and chronic (more than 12 months) fat intake by RT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence. Our findings showed that fat consumption promoted down-regulation of the SREBP2 pathway in the testicle at 6 months, but upregulation after a chronic period. This was consistent with load of testicular cholesterol, assessed by filipin staining. In conclusion, the intracellular pathway that regulates cholesterol levels in the testicle is sensitive to dietary fats, and behaves differently depending on the duration of consumption: it has a short-term protective effect, but became deregulated in the long term, ultimately leading to a detrimental situation. These results will contribute to the understanding of the basic mechanisms of the effect of fat consumption in humans with idiopathic infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abi K Funes
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM) †. Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Metabolismo & Nutrición (bMeNu)†, Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Layla Simón
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM) †. Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Regina Colombo
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM) †. Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Metabolismo & Nutrición (bMeNu)†, Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María Virginia Avena
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM) †. Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Metabolismo & Nutrición (bMeNu)†, Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María Monclús
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM) †. Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad del Aconcagua. Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Julieta Crescitelli
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Metabolismo & Nutrición (bMeNu)†, Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad del Aconcagua. Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María E Cabrillana
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM) †. Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María Inés Conte
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM) †. Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Niubys Cayado
- Instituto de Investigaciones. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad del Aconcagua. Mendoza, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Oncología, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Paola Boarelli
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Metabólicas (LEM), Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Miguel W Fornés
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM) †. Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Tania E Saez Lancellotti
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Andrológicas de Mendoza (LIAM) †. Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Metabolismo & Nutrición (bMeNu)†, Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Científico y Tecnológico (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad del Aconcagua. Mendoza, Argentina
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Cinnamomum zeylanicum alleviate testicular damage induced by high fat diet in albino rats; histological and ultrastructural studies. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05584. [PMID: 33294709 PMCID: PMC7695915 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia has been related to sever health outcome include cardiovascular complication, metabolic disorders and infertility. Moreover, obesity has also been linked to dangerous effects on testicular morphology, spermatogenesis and sperm malformation. Many studies using different herbal medicines exert protective and therapeutic effect on the testes, spermatogenesis and fertility in animals fed high fat diet. Objective: this study aimed to find out the protective effect of cinnamon on testes of albino rat fed high fat diet (HFD). Forty adult male albino rats were selected and equally divided into 4 groups. Group 1: animals of this group were fed standard diet. Group 2: rats were fed standard diet and cinnamon "15% weight by weight, w/w" for 8 weeks. Group 3: animals in this group were fed HFD (2% cholesterol, 15 % sucrose, 15% corn, 15% cocoa butter, starch and 4.7% cellulose) for 8 weeks. Group 4: animals in this group were fed HFD and cinnamon. At the end of 4 weeks half animals were sacrificed and the rest of animals were sacrificed at the end of 8 weeks and blood samples were collected to assay the testosterone level. As well as testes were taken and prepared for both histological and ultrastructure studies. Histological examination of testicular tissue of HFD-fed animals revealed many pathological changes include degenerated seminiferous tubules, distorted germinal layers and interstitial tissue appeared degenerated with intertubular hemorrhage. Ultrastructural observations showed severe degenerated features including both different types of spermatogonia and interstitial tissue. On the other hand, both histological and ultrastructural alterations were substantially but not completely protect in obese animals fed HFD and cinnamon for 4 weeks while advanced degree of improvement tissue appeared after 8 weeks of the same treatment. As well as, significantly increase in the level of testosterone was recorded when compared with HFD-fed animals. The present work concluded that cinnamon dietary uptake may improve testicular damage induced by HFD as it has anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity and antioxidant activities.
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Abdelatty AM, Badr OAM, Mohamed SA, Khattab MS, Dessouki SHM, Farid OAA, Elolimy AA, Sakr OG, Elhady MA, Mehesen G, Bionaz M. Long term conjugated linoleic acid supplementation modestly improved growth performance but induced testicular tissue apoptosis and reduced sperm quality in male rabbit. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0226070. [PMID: 31923252 PMCID: PMC6953797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is known for its multiple benefits including improvement of growth, increasing lean mass, and anti-carcinogenic effects. However, when used in long-term supplementations CLA does not improve semen parameters in boar and bull and reduces fertility in Japanese quails. The content of unsaturated fatty acids in dietary lipids plays a significant role in spermatogenesis owning the high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in plasma membrane of sperms. Whether CLA plays a role in testicular tissue and epididymal fat is still unknown. Therefore, in this study we hypothesize that long-term supplementation of equal proportion of CLA isomer mix (c9,t11-CLA and t10,c12- CLA) in rabbit bucks might alter male reproductive potentials. Twelve V-Line weaned male rabbits were used in 26 weeks trial, rabbits were individually raised and randomly allocated into three dietary groups. Control group (CON) received a basal diet, a group received 0.5% CLA (CLA 0.5%), and a group received 1% CLA (CLA 1%). Rabbits were euthanized at the end of the trial and several parameters were evaluated related to growth, semen quality, and testicular and epididymal tissue histopathology and transcriptome. The long-term supplementation of CLA increased feed intake by 5% and body weight by 2-3%. CLA 1% decreased sperm progressive motility. In testicular tissue L-carnitine and α-tocopherol were decreased by CLA supplementation. In epididymal fat, CLA tended to decrease concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids, the expression of SCD5 gene was upregulated by CLA 1% and CASP3 gene was upregulated by CLA 0.5%. Transcription of PPARG was downregulated by CLA. Feeding 1% CLA also decreased testicular epithelial thickness. Long-term supplementation of CLA modestly enhanced male rabbit growth, but negatively impacted male reproduction, especially at high dose of CLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Abdelatty
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - O. A. M. Badr
- Department of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Qalyubia, Egypt
| | - S. A. Mohamed
- Department of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Qalyubia, Egypt
| | - M. S. Khattab
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - SH. M. Dessouki
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - O. A. A. Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | - A. A. Elolimy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
- Department of Animal Production, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - O. G. Sakr
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - M. A. Elhady
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - G. Mehesen
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - M. Bionaz
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States of America
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Saez F, Drevet JR. Dietary Cholesterol and Lipid Overload: Impact on Male Fertility. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4521786. [PMID: 31885793 PMCID: PMC6925770 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4521786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lipid metabolic disorders due to poor eating habits are on the rise in both developed and developing countries, with a negative impact of the "Western diet" on sperm count and quality. Dietary lipid imbalance can involve cholesterol, fatty acids, or both, under different pathophysiological conditions grouped under the term dyslipidemia. The general feature of dyslipidemia is the development of systemic oxidative stress, a well-known deleterious factor for the quality of male gametes and associated with infertility. Sperm are particularly rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), an important characteristic associated with normal sperm physiology and reproductive outcomes, but also targets of choice for oxidative thrust. This review focuses on the effects of dietary cholesterol or different fatty acid overload on sperm composition and function in both animals and humans. The links between oxidative stress induced by dyslipidemia and sperm dysfunction are then discussed, including possible preventive or therapeutic strategies to preserve gamete quality, longevity when stored in cryobanking, and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Saez
- Genetics, Reproduction, & Development (GReD) Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Joël R. Drevet
- Genetics, Reproduction, & Development (GReD) Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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9
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Funes A, Saez Lancellotti TE, Santillan LD, Della Vedova MC, Monclus MA, Cabrillana ME, Gomez Mejiba SE, Ramirez DC, Fornes MW. A chronic high-fat diet causes sperm head alterations in C57BL/6J mice. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02868. [PMID: 31844747 PMCID: PMC6895587 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A chronic-positive energetic balance has been directly correlated with infertility in men, but the involved mechanisms remain unknown. Herein we investigated weather in a mouse model a chronic feeding with a diet supplemented with chicken fat affects sperm head morphology. To accomplish this, we fed mice for 16 weeks with either control food (low-fat diet, LFD) or control food supplemented with 22% chicken fat (high-fat diet, HFD). At the end of the feeding regimen, we measured: redox and inflammatory changes, cholesterol accumulation in testis and analyzed testicular morphological structure and ultra-structure and liver morphology. We found that the mice fed HFD resembled some features of the human metabolic syndrome, including systemic oxidative stress and inflammation, this group showed an increment in the following parameters; central adiposity (adiposity index: 1.07 ± 0.10 vs 2.26 ± 0.17), dyslipidemia (total cholesterol: 153.3 ± 2.6 vs 175.1 ± 8.08 mg/dL), insulin resistance (indirect Insulin resistance index, TG/HDL-c: 2.94 ± 0.33 vs 3.68 ± 0.15) and fatty liver. Increased cholesterol content measured by filipin was found in the testicles from HFD (fluorescence intensity increase to 50%), as well as an alteration of spermiogenesis. Most remarkably, a disorganized manchette-perinuclear ring complex and an altered morphology of the sperm head were observed in the spermatozoa of HFD-fed mice. These results add new information to our understanding about the mechanisms by which systemic oxidative stress and inflammation may influence sperm-head morphology and indirectly male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Funes
- LIAM, Andrology Research Laboratory from Mendoza, IHEM-CCT-CONICET, National University of Cuyo and University of Aconcagua, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - T E Saez Lancellotti
- LIAM, Andrology Research Laboratory from Mendoza, IHEM-CCT-CONICET, National University of Cuyo and University of Aconcagua, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - L D Santillan
- LETM, Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine, IMIBIO-SL, CONICET, National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
| | - M C Della Vedova
- LETM, Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine, IMIBIO-SL, CONICET, National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
| | - M A Monclus
- LIAM, Andrology Research Laboratory from Mendoza, IHEM-CCT-CONICET, National University of Cuyo and University of Aconcagua, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - M E Cabrillana
- LIAM, Andrology Research Laboratory from Mendoza, IHEM-CCT-CONICET, National University of Cuyo and University of Aconcagua, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - S E Gomez Mejiba
- LET, Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics, IMIBIO-SL, CONICET, National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
| | - D C Ramirez
- LETM, Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine, IMIBIO-SL, CONICET, National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
| | - M W Fornes
- LIAM, Andrology Research Laboratory from Mendoza, IHEM-CCT-CONICET, National University of Cuyo and University of Aconcagua, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
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10
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Wang YF, Chen XD, Wang G, Li QY, Liang XY, Sima YH, Xu SQ. Influence of hyperproteinemia on reproductive development in an invertebrate model. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:2170-2181. [PMID: 31592097 PMCID: PMC6775287 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.33310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperproteinemia is a severe metabolic disease characterized by abnormally elevated plasma protein concentrations (PPC). However, there is currently no reliable animal model for PPC, and the pathological mechanism of hyperproteinemia thus remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effects of hyperproteinemia on reproductive development in an invertebrate silkworm model with a controllable PPC and no primary disease effects. High PPC inhibited the synthesis of vitellogenin and 30K protein essential for female ovarian development in the fat body of metabolic tissues, and inhibited their transport through the hemolymph to the ovary. High PPC also induced programmed cell death in testis and ovary cells, slowed the development of germ cells, and significantly reduced the reproductive coefficient. Furthermore, the intensities and mechanisms of high-PPC-induced reproductive toxicity differed between sexes in this silkworm model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Feng Wang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xue-Dong Chen
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guang Wang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qiu-Ying Li
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xin-Yin Liang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yang-Hu Sima
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shi-Qing Xu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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11
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Simón L, Saez Lancellotti TE, Cortese L, Veisaga ML, Chantarasinlapin P, Barbieri A, Fornés M. Olive oil addition to the high-fat diet reduces methylglyoxal (MG-H1) levels increased in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-180229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Layla Simón
- Laboratory of Andrologic Research of Mendoza, Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Cuyo, and Technologic Scientific Center (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Tania E. Saez Lancellotti
- Laboratory of Andrologic Research of Mendoza, Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Cuyo, and Technologic Scientific Center (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Leandro Cortese
- Laboratory of Andrologic Research of Mendoza, Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Cuyo, and Technologic Scientific Center (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Maria-Luisa Veisaga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Coral Gables, FL, USA; International Center of Tropical Botany, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Preaw Chantarasinlapin
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alejandro Barbieri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Coral Gables, FL, USA; International Center of Tropical Botany, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Miguel Fornés
- Laboratory of Andrologic Research of Mendoza, Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Cuyo, and Technologic Scientific Center (CCT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
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12
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Simón L, Funes AK, Monclús MA, Colombo R, Cabrillana ME, Saez Lancellotti TE, Fornés MW. Manchette-acrosome disorders and testicular efficiency decline observed in hypercholesterolemic rabbits are recovered with olive oil enriched diet. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202748. [PMID: 30138421 PMCID: PMC6107225 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet is associated with hypercholesterolemia and seminal alterations in White New Zealand rabbits. We have previously reported disorders in the development of the manchette-acrosome complex during spermiogenesis and decreased testicular efficiency in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. On the other hand, olive oil incorporated into the diet improves cholesterolemia and semen parameters affected in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. In this paper, we report the recovery—with the addition of olive oil to diet—from the sub-cellular mechanisms involved in the shaping of the sperm cell and testicular efficiency altered in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Using morphological (structural, ultra-structural and immuno-fluorescence techniques) and cell biology techniques, a reorganization of the manchette and related structures was observed when olive oil was added to the high-fat diet. Specifically, actin filaments, microtubules and lipid rafts—abnormally distributed in hypercholesterolemic rabbits—were recovered with dietary olive oil supplementation. The causes of the decline in sperm count were studied in the previous report and here in more detail. These were attributed to the decrease in the efficiency index and also to the increase in the apoptotic percentage in testis from animals under the high-fat diet. Surprisingly, the addition of olive oil to the diet avoided the sub-cellular, efficiency and apoptosis changes observed in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. This paper reports the positive effects of the olive oil addition to the diet in the recovery of testicular efficiency and normal sperm shaping, mechanisms altered by hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Simón
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- * E-mail:
| | - Abi K. Funes
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María A. Monclús
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de investigaciones, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad del Aconcagua, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Regina Colombo
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María E. Cabrillana
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de investigaciones, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad del Aconcagua, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Tania E. Saez Lancellotti
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de investigaciones, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad del Aconcagua, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Miguel W. Fornés
- IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de investigaciones, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad del Aconcagua, Mendoza, Argentina
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13
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Santiago Valtierra FX, Peñalva DA, Luquez JM, Furland NE, Vásquez C, Reyes JG, Aveldaño MI, Oresti GM. Elovl4 and Fa2h expression during rat spermatogenesis: a link to the very-long-chain PUFAs typical of germ cell sphingolipids. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:1175-1189. [PMID: 29724783 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m081885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingolipids (SLs) of rodent spermatogenic cells (spermatocytes, spermatids) and spermatozoa contain nonhydroxylated and 2-hydroxylated versions of very-long-chain (C26-C32) PUFAs (n-V and h-V, respectively) not present in Sertoli cells (SCs). Here, we investigated the expression of selected fatty acid elongases [elongation of very-long-chain fatty acid protein (Elovl)], with a focus on Elovl4, and a fatty acid 2-hydroxylase (Fa2h) in rat testes with postnatal development and germ cell differentiation. Along with Elovl5 and Elovl2, Elovl4 was actively transcribed in the adult testis. Elovl4 mRNA levels were high in immature testes and SCs, though the protein was absent. The Elovl4 protein was a germ cell product. All cells under study elongated [3H]arachidonate to tetraenoic and pentaenoic C24 PUFA, but only germ cells produced C26-C32 PUFAs. Spermatocytes displayed the highest Elovl4 protein levels and enzymatic activity. Fa2h mRNA was produced exclusively in germ cells, mostly round spermatids. As a protein, Fa2h was mainly concentrated in late spermatids, in the step of spermiogenesis in which they elongate and their heads change shape. The expression of Elovl4 and Fa2h thus correlate with the abundance of n-Vs and h-Vs in the SLs of rat spermatocytes and spermatids, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia X Santiago Valtierra
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) y Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Daniel A Peñalva
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) y Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Jessica M Luquez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) y Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Natalia E Furland
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) y Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Claudia Vásquez
- Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Juan G Reyes
- Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Marta I Aveldaño
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) y Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Gerardo M Oresti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) y Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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14
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Sèdes L, Thirouard L, Maqdasy S, Garcia M, Caira F, Lobaccaro JMA, Beaudoin C, Volle DH. Cholesterol: A Gatekeeper of Male Fertility? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:369. [PMID: 30072948 PMCID: PMC6060264 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is essential for mammalian cell functions and integrity. It is an important structural component maintaining the permeability and fluidity of the cell membrane. The balance between synthesis and catabolism of cholesterol should be tightly regulated to ensure normal cellular processes. Male reproductive function has been demonstrated to be dependent on cholesterol homeostasis. Here we review data highlighting the impacts of cholesterol homeostasis on male fertility and the molecular mechanisms implicated through the signaling pathways of some nuclear receptors.
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