1
|
Han L, Li Q, Du M, Mao X. Bovine milk osteopontin improved intestinal health of pregnant rats fed a high-fat diet through improving bile acid metabolism. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:24-39. [PMID: 37690710 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of the current study was to investigate the ameliorative effects of bovine milk osteopontin (bmOPN) on the gut dysfunction of pregnant rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Bovine milk osteopontin was supplemented at a dose of 6 mg/kg body weight. Bovine milk osteopontin supplementation during pregnancy reduced colonic inflammation of HFD dams, and it also increased the colonic expression of ZO-1 and claudin-4 of HFD dams. Bovine milk osteopontin significantly enriched the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, whereas it decreased Proteobacteria, Helicobacteraceae, and Desulfovibrionaceae in feces of HFD dams. The levels of isobutyric acid and pentanoic acid in the HFD + bmOPN group were higher than that of the HFD group. Functional predication analysis of microbial genomes revealed that bmOPN supplementation to HFD pregnancies changed 4 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways including bile acid biosynthesis. Further, bmOPN enriched hepatic taurochenodeoxycholic acid and tauroursodeoxycholic acid plus taurohyodeoxycholic acid in the gut of HFD maternal rats. Our findings suggested that bmOPN improved the gut health of HFD pregnant rats partially through modulating bile acid biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Han
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Min Du
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163
| | - Xueying Mao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang K, Du G, Liu J, Zhao S, Dong W. Gut microbiota and neonatal acute kidney injury biomarkers. Pediatr Nephrol 2023; 38:3529-3547. [PMID: 36997773 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-023-05931-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
One of the most frequent issues in newborns is acute kidney injury (AKI), which can lengthen their hospital stay or potentially raise their chance of dying. The gut-kidney axis establishes a bidirectional interplay between gut microbiota and kidney illness, particularly AKI, and demonstrates the importance of gut microbiota to host health. Since the ability to predict neonatal AKI using blood creatinine and urine output as evaluation parameters is somewhat constrained, a number of interesting biomarkers have been developed. There are few in-depth studies on the relationships between these neonatal AKI indicators and gut microbiota. In order to gain fresh insights into the gut-kidney axis of neonatal AKI, this review is based on the gut-kidney axis and describes relationships between gut microbiota and neonatal AKI biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Guoxia Du
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jinjing Liu
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Wenbin Dong
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cicekli I, Saglam D, Takar N. A New Perspective on Metabolic Syndrome with Osteopontin: A Comprehensive Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1608. [PMID: 37511983 PMCID: PMC10381599 DOI: 10.3390/life13071608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) imposes a substantial burden on the healthcare systems and economies of countries and is a major public health concern worldwide. MetS is mainly caused by an imbalance between calorie intake and energy expenditure; however, it is recognized that additional variables, such as chronic inflammation, may have the same predictive potential as insulin resistance or MetS components in the genesis of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events. More importantly, the early diagnosis or treatment of MetS may significantly reduce the burden on the health systems of the disease with any prevention or biomarker and should not be underestimated. Osteopontin (OPN), also called secreted phosphoprotein 1, is a soluble protein found mostly in body fluids. Studies suggest that serum OPN levels may be an early and new biomarker to predict metabolic and cardiovascular complications significantly associated with some diseases. This review aims to provide specific insight into the new biomarker OPN in MetS. With this purpose, it is examined the link between the MetS cornerstones and OPN. In addition, the interaction between the microbiota and MetS is predicted to be bidirectional, and the microbiota may act as a bridge in this interaction process. Increased OPN levels may have unfavourable consequences for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and obesity, all of which are components of MetS. Further studies are required to evaluate the use of OPN levels as a clinical biomarker risk of MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ipek Cicekli
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey
| | - Duygu Saglam
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey
| | - Nadir Takar
- Department of Family Medicine, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, Istanbul Provincial Directorate of Health, Istanbul 34865, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chattopadhyay A, Mukherjee P, Sulaiman D, Wang H, Girjalva V, Dorreh N, Jacobs JP, Delk S, Moolenaar WH, Navab M, Reddy ST, Fogelman AM. Role of Enterocyte Enpp2 and Autotaxin in Regulating Lipopolysaccharide Levels, Systemic Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100370. [PMID: 37059333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Conversion of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) by autotaxin, a secreted phospholipase D, is a major pathway for producing LPA. We previously reported that feeding Ldlr-/- mice standard mouse chow supplemented with unsaturated LPA or LPC qualitatively mimicked the dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis induced by feeding a Western diet (WD). Here we report that adding unsaturated LPA to standard mouse chow also increased the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) in jejunum mucus. To determine the role of intestinal autotaxin, enterocyte specific Ldlr-/-/Enpp2 knockout (iKO) mice were generated. In control mice, the WD increased enterocyte Enpp2 expression and raised autotaxin levels. Ex vivo, addition of OxPL to jejunum from Ldlr-/- mice on a chow diet induced expression of Enpp2. In control mice, the WD raised OxPL levels in jejunum mucus, and decreased gene expression in enterocytes for a number of peptides and proteins that affect antimicrobial activity. On the WD, the control mice developed elevated levels of LPS in jejunum mucus and plasma, with increased dyslipidemia and increased atherosclerosis. All of these changes were reduced in the iKO mice. We conclude that the WD increases the formation of intestinal OxPL, which i) induce enterocyte Enpp2 and autotaxin resulting in higher enterocyte LPA levels; that ii) contribute to the formation of ROS that help to maintain the high OxPL levels; iii) decrease intestinal antimicrobial activity; and iv) raise plasma LPS levels that promote systemic inflammation and enhance atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Chattopadhyay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Pallavi Mukherjee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dawoud Sulaiman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Victor Girjalva
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nasrin Dorreh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jonathan P Jacobs
- The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; UCLA Microbiome Center, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and the Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System Los Angeles, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Samuel Delk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Degree Program, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Wouter H Moolenaar
- Division of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mohamad Navab
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Srinivasa T Reddy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Degree Program, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Alan M Fogelman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Das S, Song Z, Han H, Ge X, Desert R, Athavale D, Babu Komakula SS, Magdaleno F, Chen W, Lantvit D, Guzman G, Nieto N. Intestinal Osteopontin Protects From Alcohol-induced Liver Injury by Preserving the Gut Microbiome and the Intestinal Barrier Function. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:813-839. [PMID: 35811073 PMCID: PMC9425038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The gut-liver axis plays a key role in the pathogenesis of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). We demonstrated that Opn-/- develop worse ALD than wild-type (WT) mice; however, the role of intestinal osteopontin (OPN) in ALD remains unknown. We hypothesized that overexpression of OPN in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) could ameliorate ALD by preserving the gut microbiome and the intestinal barrier function. METHODS OpnKI IEC, OpnΔIEC, and WT mice were fed control or ethanol Lieber-DeCarli diet for 6 weeks. RESULTS OpnKI IEC but not OpnΔIEC mice showed improved intestinal barrier function and protection from ALD. There were less pathogenic and more beneficial bacteria in ethanol-fed OpnKI IEC than in WT mice. Fecal microbiome transplant (FMT) from OpnKI IEC to WT mice protected from ALD. FMT from ethanol-fed WT to OpnKI IEC mice failed to induce ALD. Antimicrobial peptides, Il33, pSTAT3, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), and tight-junction protein expression were higher in IECs from jejunum of ethanol-fed OpnKI IEC than of WT mice. Ethanol-fed OpnKI IEC showed more tryptophan metabolites and short-chain fatty acids in portal serum than WT mice. FMT from OpnKI IEC to WT mice enhanced IECs Ahr and tight-junction protein expression. Oral administration of milk OPN replicated the protective effect of OpnKI IEC mice in ALD. CONCLUSION Overexpression of OPN in IECs or administration of milk OPN maintain the intestinal microbiome by intestinal antimicrobial peptides. The increase in tryptophan metabolites and short-chain fatty acids signaling through the Ahr in IECs, preserve the intestinal barrier function and protect from ALD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukanta Das
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zhuolun Song
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xiaodong Ge
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Romain Desert
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dipti Athavale
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Fernando Magdaleno
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Daniel Lantvit
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Grace Guzman
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Natalia Nieto
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Research Biologist, Research & Development Service, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mukherjee P, Chattopadhyay A, Grijalva V, Dorreh N, Lagishetty V, Jacobs JP, Clifford BL, Vallim T, Mack JJ, Navab M, Reddy ST, Fogelman AM. Oxidized phospholipids cause changes in jejunum mucus that induce dysbiosis and systemic inflammation. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100153. [PMID: 34808192 PMCID: PMC8953663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that adding a concentrate of transgenic tomatoes expressing the apoA-I mimetic peptide 6F (Tg6F) to a Western diet (WD) ameliorated systemic inflammation. To determine the mechanism(s) responsible for these observations, Ldlr-/- mice were fed chow, a WD, or WD plus Tg6F. We found that a WD altered the taxonomic composition of bacteria in jejunum mucus. For example, Akkermansia muciniphila virtually disappeared, while overall bacteria numbers and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels increased. In addition, gut permeability increased, as did the content of reactive oxygen species and oxidized phospholipids in jejunum mucus in WD-fed mice. Moreover, gene expression in the jejunum decreased for multiple peptides and proteins that are secreted into the mucous layer of the jejunum that act to limit bacteria numbers and their interaction with enterocytes including regenerating islet-derived proteins, defensins, mucin 2, surfactant A, and apoA-I. Following WD, gene expression also decreased for Il36γ, Il23, and Il22, cytokines critical for antimicrobial activity. WD decreased expression of both Atoh1 and Gfi1, genes required for the formation of goblet and Paneth cells, and immunohistochemistry revealed decreased numbers of goblet and Paneth cells. Adding Tg6F ameliorated these WD-mediated changes. Adding oxidized phospholipids ex vivo to the jejunum from mice fed a chow diet reproduced the changes in gene expression in vivo that occurred when the mice were fed WD and were prevented with addition of 6F peptide. We conclude that Tg6F ameliorates the WD-mediated increase in oxidized phospholipids that cause changes in jejunum mucus, which induce dysbiosis and systemic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Mukherjee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Victor Grijalva
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nasrin Dorreh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Venu Lagishetty
- The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCLA Microbiome Center, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan P Jacobs
- The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCLA Microbiome Center, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Thomas Vallim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julia J Mack
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mohamad Navab
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Srinivasa T Reddy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Alan M Fogelman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Song Z, Chen W, Athavale D, Ge X, Desert R, Das S, Han H, Nieto N. Osteopontin Takes Center Stage in Chronic Liver Disease. Hepatology 2021; 73:1594-1608. [PMID: 32986864 PMCID: PMC8106357 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) was first identified in 1986. The prefix osteo- means bone; however, OPN is expressed in other tissues, including liver. The suffix -pontin means bridge and denotes the role of OPN as a link protein within the extracellular matrix. While OPN has well-established physiological roles, multiple "omics" analyses suggest that it is also involved in chronic liver disease. In this review, we provide a summary of the OPN gene and protein structure and regulation. We outline the current knowledge on how OPN is involved in hepatic steatosis in the context of alcoholic liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We describe the mechanisms whereby OPN participates in inflammation and liver fibrosis and discuss current research on its role in hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiopathies. To conclude, we highlight important points to consider when doing research on OPN and provide direction for making progress on how OPN contributes to chronic liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuolun Song
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Dipti Athavale
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Xiaodong Ge
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Romain Desert
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Sukanta Das
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Natalia Nieto
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Smith BN, Hannas M, Orso C, Martins SMMK, Wang M, Donovan SM, Dilger RN. Dietary osteopontin-enriched algal protein as nutritional support in weaned pigs infected with F18-fimbriated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. J Anim Sci 2021; 98:5909275. [PMID: 32954424 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dietary osteopontin (OPN)-enriched algal protein on growth, immune status, and fecal fermentation profiles of weaned pigs challenged with a live infection of F18-fimbriated enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). At 21 d of age, 54 pigs (5.95 ± 0.28 kg BW; blocked by BW) were allotted to 1 of 3 experimental groups combining dietary and health statuses. A control diet, containing 1% wild-type algal protein, was fed to both sham-inoculated (NC) and ETEC-inoculated (PC) pigs, while the test diet contained 1% OPN-enriched algal protein as fed only to ETEC-inoculated pigs (OA). All pigs received their assigned dietary treatment starting at study initiation to permit a 10-d acclimation period prior to inoculation. Growth performance, fecal dry matter, as well as hematological, histopathological, immune, and microbiota outcomes were analyzed by ANOVA, where treatment and time were considered as fixed effects and pig as a random effect; significance was accepted at P < 0.05. Overall, ETEC-inoculated pigs (PC and OA) exhibited decreased (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F, as well as increased (P < 0.05) peripheral blood helper T-cells and total leukocyte counts, compared with NC pigs during the postinoculation period. The OA treatment also elicited the highest (P < 0.05) concentrations of circulating tumor necrosis factor-α and volatile fatty acid concentrations in luminal contents at various postinoculation time-points, compared with other treatments. A principal coordinate analysis based on Unifrac weighted distances indicated that NC and OA groups had similar overall bacterial community structures, while PC pigs exhibited greater diversity, but infection status had no impact on α-diversity. Osteopontin-specific effects on microbial community structure included enrichment within Streptococcus and Blautia genera and decreased abundance of 12 other genera as compared with PC pigs. Overall, ETEC-infected pigs receiving 1% OPN-enriched algal protein exhibited changes immunity, inflammatory status, and colonic microbial community structure that may benefit weanling pigs experiencing F18 ETEC infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brooke N Smith
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - Melissa Hannas
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Catiane Orso
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | | | - Mei Wang
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - Sharon M Donovan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - Ryan N Dilger
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL.,Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL.,Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Quiroga R, Nistal E, Estébanez B, Porras D, Juárez-Fernández M, Martínez-Flórez S, García-Mediavilla MV, de Paz JA, González-Gallego J, Sánchez-Campos S, Cuevas MJ. Exercise training modulates the gut microbiota profile and impairs inflammatory signaling pathways in obese children. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:1048-1061. [PMID: 32624568 PMCID: PMC8080668 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels and is a serious health concern associated with metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and gut microbiota alterations. Physical exercise is known to counteract obesity progression and modulate the gut microbiota composition. This study aims to determine the effect of a 12-week strength and endurance combined training program on gut microbiota and inflammation in obese pediatric patients. Thirty-nine obese children were assigned randomly to the control or training group. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters, muscular strength, and inflammatory signaling pathways in mononuclear cells were evaluated. Bacterial composition and functionality were determined by massive sequencing and metabolomic analysis. Exercise reduced plasma glucose levels and increased dynamic strength in the upper and lower extremities compared with the obese control group. Metagenomic analysis revealed a bacterial composition associated with obesity, showing changes at the phylum, class, and genus levels. Exercise counteracted this profile, significantly reducing the Proteobacteria phylum and Gammaproteobacteria class. Moreover, physical activity tended to increase some genera, such as Blautia, Dialister, and Roseburia, leading to a microbiota profile similar to that of healthy children. Metabolomic analysis revealed changes in short-chain fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids, and several sugars in response to exercise, in correlation with a specific microbiota profile. Finally, the training protocol significantly inhibited the activation of the obesity-associated NLRP3 signaling pathway. Our data suggest the existence of an obesity-related deleterious microbiota profile that is positively modified by physical activity intervention. Exercise training could be considered an efficient nonpharmacological therapy, reducing inflammatory signaling pathways induced by obesity in children via microbiota modulation. Physical fitness regimens could stimulate shifts in gut microbiome composition and metabolism that counteract health risks associated with childhood obesity. This condition can increase the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular disease later in life. Several studies have indicated that disturbances in the microbial populations in the digestive tract may contribute to these diseases. Researchers led by Sonia Sánchez-Campos of the Institute of Biomedicine, León,Spain, recently assessed the impact of exercise and endurance training on microbiome composition in obese children. They determined that these regimens can produce measurable shifts in the gut microbe population, yielding bacterial communities that are more similar to those seen in non-obese children. These shifts were accompanied by alterations in metabolic activity that may help mitigate inflammatory signaling and other processes that fuel obesity-related disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Quiroga
- Complejo Asistencial Universitario (CAULE), León, Spain
| | - Esther Nistal
- Complejo Asistencial Universitario (CAULE), León, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), León, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - María Victoria García-Mediavilla
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), León, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Javier González-Gallego
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), León, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Sánchez-Campos
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), León, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nazmi A, Greer MJ, Hoek KL, Piazuelo MB, Weitkamp JH, Olivares-Villagómez D. Osteopontin and iCD8α Cells Promote Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocyte Homeostasis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:1968-1981. [PMID: 32102904 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) comprise a diverse population of cells residing in the epithelium at the interface between the intestinal lumen and the sterile environment of the lamina propria. Because of this anatomical location, IEL are considered critical components of intestinal immune responses. Indeed, IEL are involved in many different immunological processes, ranging from pathogen control to tissue stability. However, despite their critical importance in mucosal immune responses, very little is known about the homeostasis of different IEL subpopulations. The phosphoprotein osteopontin is important for critical physiological processes, including cellular immune responses, such as survival of Th17 cells and homeostasis of NK cells among others. Because of its impact in the immune system, we investigated the role of osteopontin in the homeostasis of IEL. In this study, we report that mice deficient in the expression of osteopontin exhibit reduced numbers of the IEL subpopulations TCRγδ+, TCRβ+CD4+, TCRβ+CD4+CD8α+, and TCRβ+CD8αα+ cells in comparison with wild-type mice. For some IEL subpopulations, the decrease in cell numbers could be attributed to apoptosis and reduced cell division. Moreover, we show in vitro that exogenous osteopontin stimulates the survival of murine IEL subpopulations and unfractionated IEL derived from human intestines, an effect mediated by CD44, a known osteopontin receptor. We also show that iCD8α IEL but not TCRγδ+ IEL, TCRβ+ IEL, or intestinal epithelial cells, can promote survival of different IEL populations via osteopontin, indicating an important role for iCD8α cells in the homeostasis of IEL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nazmi
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Michael J Greer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Kristen L Hoek
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - M Blanca Piazuelo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Joern-Hendrik Weitkamp
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital, Nashville, TN 37232; and
| | - Danyvid Olivares-Villagómez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232; .,Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nazmi A, Hoek KL, Greer MJ, Piazuelo MB, Minato N, Olivares-Villagómez D. Innate CD8αα+ cells promote ILC1-like intraepithelial lymphocyte homeostasis and intestinal inflammation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215883. [PMID: 31291255 PMCID: PMC6619599 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate CD8αα+ cells, also referred to as iCD8α cells, are TCR-negative intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) possessing cytokine and chemokine profiles and functions related to innate immune cells. iCD8α cells constitute an important source of osteopontin in the intestinal epithelium. Osteopontin is a pleiotropic cytokine with diverse roles in bone and tissue remodeling, but also has relevant functions in the homeostasis of immune cells. In this report, we present evidence for the role of iCD8α cells in the homeostasis of TCR-negative NKp46+NK1.1+ IEL (ILC1-like). We also show that the effect of iCD8α cells on ILC1-like IEL is enhanced in vitro by osteopontin. We show that in the absence of iCD8α cells, the number of NKp46+NK1.1+ IEL is significantly reduced. These ILC1-like cells are involved in intestinal pathogenesis in the anti-CD40 mouse model of intestinal inflammation. Reduced iCD8α cell numbers results in a milder form of intestinal inflammation in this disease model, whereas treatment with osteopontin increases disease severity. Collectively, our results suggest that iCD8α cells promote survival of NKp46+NK1.1+ IEL, which significantly impacts the development of intestinal inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nazmi
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Kristen L. Hoek
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Greer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Maria B. Piazuelo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Nagahiro Minato
- Medical Innovation Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Danyvid Olivares-Villagómez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ren S, Hui Y, Goericke-Pesch S, Pankratova S, Kot W, Pan X, Thymann T, Sangild PT, Nguyen DN. Gut and immune effects of bioactive milk factors in preterm pigs exposed to prenatal inflammation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 317:G67-G77. [PMID: 31091150 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00042.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal inflammation may predispose to preterm birth and postnatal inflammatory disorders such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Bioactive milk ingredients may help to support gut maturation in such neonates, but mother's milk is often insufficient after preterm birth. We hypothesized that supplementation with bioactive ingredients from bovine milk [osteopontin (OPN), caseinoglycomacropeptide (CGMP), colostrum (COL)] supports gut, immunity, and NEC resistance in neonates born preterm after gram-negative infection before birth. Using preterm pigs as a model for preterm infants, fetal pigs were given intraamniotic injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 mg/fetus) and delivered 3 days later (90% gestation). For 5 days, groups of LPS-exposed pigs were fed formula (FOR), bovine colostrum (COL), or formula enriched with OPN or CGMP. LPS induced intraamniotic inflammation and postnatal systemic inflammation but limited effects on postnatal gut parameters and NEC. Relative to FOR, COL feeding to LPS-exposed pigs showed less diarrhea, NEC severity, reduced gut IL-1β and IL-8 levels, greater gut goblet cell density and digestive enzyme activities, and blood helper T-cell fraction. CGMP improved neonatal arousal and gut lactase activities and reduced LPS-induced IL-8 secretion in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) in vitro. Finally, OPN tended to reduce diarrhea and stimulated IEC proliferation in vitro. No effects on villus morphology, circulating cytokines, or colonic microbiota were observed among groups. In conclusion, bioactive milk ingredients exerted only modest effects on gut and systemic immune parameters in preterm pigs exposed to prenatal inflammation. Short-term, prenatal exposure to inflammation may render the gut less sensitive to immune-modulatory milk effects. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Prenatal inflammation is a risk factor for preterm birth and postnatal complications including infections. However, from clinical studies, it is difficult to separate the effects of only prenatal inflammation from preterm birth. Using cesarean-delivered preterm pigs with prenatal inflammation, we documented some beneficial gut effects of bioactive milk diets relative to formula, but prenatal inflammation appeared to decrease the sensitivity of enteral feeding. Special treatments and diets may be required for this neonatal population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuqiang Ren
- Section for Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Yan Hui
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Sandra Goericke-Pesch
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Stanislava Pankratova
- Section for Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Witold Kot
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Xiaoyu Pan
- Section for Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Thomas Thymann
- Section for Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Per T Sangild
- Section for Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen , Denmark.,Department of Pediatrics, Odense University Hospital , Odense , Denmark
| | - Duc Ninh Nguyen
- Section for Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Damsongsang P, Chaikiawkeaw D, Phoolcharoen W, Rattanapisit K, Kaewpungsup P, Pavasant P, Hoven VP. Surface-immobilized plant-derived osteopontin as an effective platform to promote osteoblast adhesion and differentiation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 173:816-824. [PMID: 30551297 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this report, recombinant human osteopontin synthesized in tobacco plants (p-rhOPN) is introduced as a potential bioactive molecule that can promote osteoblast adhesion and differentiation. A glass substrate (SiO2/Si-OH) grafted with poly(acrylic acid) (SiO2/Si-PAA) was prepared by surface-initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization and used as a carboxyl-rich platform for the chemical conjugation of p-rhOPN. The PAA grafting and subsequent p-rhOPN immobilization were confirmed by water contact angle, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy analyses. Indirect ELISA quantification revealed that the p-rhOPN immobilization efficiency was above 95% and the surface coverage was a function of the p-rhOPN concentration. MC-3T3-E1 cells cultured on the SiO2/Si-PAA substrate immobilized with various concentrations (0.6-30 ng/mL) of p-rhOPN (SiO2/Si-p-rhOPN) exhibited superior cell spreading compared to those cultured on SiO2/Si-OH or gelatin-modified glass substrate (SiO2/Si-gelatin). Polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that the SiO2/Si-p-rhOPN substrates with high level of immobilized p-rhOPN promoted MC-3T3-E1 cell differentiation, as demonstrated by the higher transcript expression levels of the osteogenic differentiation regulatory gene, Runt-related transcription factor 2, compared to cells cultured on SiO2/Si-OH or SiO2/Si-gelatin. Given that p-rhOPN can be more economically produced than the commercially available OPN derived from human or mammalian sources, then, together with its well-preserved biological function in spite of being chemically conjugated to the substrates, it is likely that p-rhOPN could be more broadly applied for the development of materials for bone tissue engineering with a promising medical and commercial value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panittha Damsongsang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Daneeya Chaikiawkeaw
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Waranyoo Phoolcharoen
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Kaewta Rattanapisit
- Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pornjira Kaewpungsup
- Mineralized Tissue Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Prasit Pavasant
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Voravee P Hoven
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials and Bio-interfaces, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vogelzang A, Guerrini MM, Minato N, Fagarasan S. Microbiota - an amplifier of autoimmunity. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 55:15-21. [PMID: 30248521 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Many studies describe dysbiosis as a change in the microbiota that accompanies autoimmune illnesses, but little is known about whether these changes are a cause or consequence of an altered immune state. The immune system actively shapes the composition of the microbiota, with divergent outcomes in healthy or autoimmune-prone individuals. The gut microbiota in turn acts as an acquired endocrine organ, influencing the physiology of the host via release of nutrients and chemical messengers. Dysbiosis arising from abnormal immune function can initiate or amplify autoimmunity through multiple mechanisms. We examine how the bidirectional relationship between resident microbes and the immune system contributes to autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Vogelzang
- Laboratory for Mucosal Immunity, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Tsurumi Ward, Suehirocho, 1 Chome-7-22, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Matteo M Guerrini
- Laboratory for Mucosal Immunity, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Tsurumi Ward, Suehirocho, 1 Chome-7-22, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Nagahiro Minato
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo Ward, Yoshida-Konoe, Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Sidonia Fagarasan
- Laboratory for Mucosal Immunity, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Tsurumi Ward, Suehirocho, 1 Chome-7-22, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, 230-0045, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|