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Robino P, Galosi L, Bellato A, Vincenzetti S, Gonella E, Ferrocino I, Serri E, Biagini L, Roncarati A, Nebbia P, Menzio C, Rossi G. Effects of a supplemented diet containing 7 probiotic strains (Honeybeeotic) on honeybee physiology and immune response: analysis of hemolymph cytology, phenoloxidase activity, and gut microbiome. Biol Res 2024; 57:50. [PMID: 39113128 PMCID: PMC11304726 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00533-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, a probiotic mixture (Honeybeeotic) consisting of seven bacterial strains isolated from a unique population of honeybees (Apis mellifera ligustica) was used. That honeybee population was located in the Roti Abbey locality of the Marche Region in Italy, an area isolated from human activities, and genetic contamination from other honeybee populations. The aim was to investigate the effects of this probiotic mixture on the innate immunity and intestinal microbiome of healthy common honeybees in two hives of the same apiary. Hive A received a diet of 50% glucose syrup, while hive B received the same syrup supplemented with the probiotics, both administered daily for 1 month. To determine whether the probiotic altered the immune response, phenoloxidase activity and hemolymph cellular subtype count were investigated. Additionally, metagenomic approaches were used to analyze the effects on gut microbiota composition and function, considering the critical role the gut microbiota plays in modulating host physiology. RESULTS The results revealed differences in hemocyte populations between the two hives, as hive A exhibited higher counts of oenocytoids and granulocytes. These findings indicated that the dietary supplementation with the probiotic mixture was safe and well-tolerated. Furthermore, phenoloxidase activity significantly decreased in hive B (1.75 ± 0.19 U/mg) compared to hive A (3.62 ± 0.44 U/mg, p < 0.005), suggesting an improved state of well-being in the honeybees, as they did not require activation of immune defense mechanisms. Regarding the microbiome composition, the probiotic modulated the gut microbiota in hive B compared to the control, retaining core microbiota components while causing both positive and negative variations. Notably, several genes, particularly KEGG genes involved in amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) transport, were more abundant in the probiotic-fed group, suggesting an effective nutritional supplement for the host. CONCLUSIONS This study advocated that feeding with this probiotic mixture induces beneficial immunological effects and promoted a balanced gut microbiota with enhanced metabolic activities related to digestion. The use of highly selected probiotics was shown to contribute to the overall well-being of the honeybees, improving their immune response and gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Robino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Livio Galosi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy.
| | | | - Silvia Vincenzetti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy
| | - Elena Gonella
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ilario Ferrocino
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Evelina Serri
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy
| | - Lucia Biagini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy
| | - Alessandra Roncarati
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nebbia
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Menzio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rossi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy
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Kibet S, Mudalungu CM, Kimani NM, Makwatta JO, Kabii J, Sevgan S, Kelemu S, Tanga CM. Unearthing Lactococcus lactis and Scheffersomyeces symbionts from edible wood-boring beetle larvae as a bio-resource for industrial applications. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:282. [PMID: 39080520 PMCID: PMC11290184 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota have several advantages in influencing the host nutrition, metabolism, immunity and growth. However, the understanding of the gut microbiota in key edible wood-boring beetle larvae remain largely undefined. In the present study, the characteristics of the gut microbiota of two edible wood-boring species (Titocerus jaspideus and Passalus punctiger) from two indigenous forested areas were investigated. RESULTS Over 50% of Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) constituted of Firmicutes in T. jaspideus. The dominant phyla in both beetle species were Bacteroidota (4.20-19.79%) and Proteobacteria (15.10-23.90%). Lactococcus lactis was the most abundant and core prokaryote in the guts of T. jaspideus. The fungi identified in the gut of both insects belong to the phylum Obazoa (66%) and Ascomycota (> 15%). Scheffersomyeces sp. was the core eukaryote recorded. The diversity of gut microbiota in both insect species did not vary significantly. Most of the prokaryotic genes expressed were predominantly associated with biosynthesis and metabolism. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that Lactococcus lactis and Scheffersomyeces are core gut microbes of wood boring beetle larvae with desirable probiotic properties and promising use in food product fermentation for improved growth performance, gut barrier health, intestinal flora balance and immune protection for human and animals. Further studies to highlight the latest medical-based applications of L. lactis as live-delivery vector for the administration of therapeutics against both communicable and non-communicable diseases are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadrack Kibet
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O Box 30772, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
- Department of Physical Sciences, University of Embu, P.O Box 6, Embu, 60100, Kenya
| | - Cynthia M Mudalungu
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O Box 30772, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya.
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, The Technical University of Kenya, P.O Box 52428, 00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Njogu M Kimani
- Department of Physical Sciences, University of Embu, P.O Box 6, Embu, 60100, Kenya
| | - JohnMark O Makwatta
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O Box 30772, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
| | - James Kabii
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O Box 30772, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
| | - Subramanian Sevgan
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O Box 30772, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
| | - Segenet Kelemu
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O Box 30772, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
| | - Chrysantus M Tanga
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O Box 30772, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya.
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Gouda MNR, Subramanian S, Kumar A, Ramakrishnan B. Microbial ensemble in the hives: deciphering the intricate gut ecosystem of hive and forager bees of Apis mellifera. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:262. [PMID: 38302671 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09239-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome of honey bees significantly influences vital traits and metabolic processes, including digestion, detoxification, nutrient provision, development, and immunity. However, there is a limited information is available on the gut bacterial diversity of western honey bee populations in India. This study addresses the critical knowledge gap and outcome of which would benefit the beekeepers in India. METHODS AND RESULTS This study investigates the gut bacterial diversity in forager and hive bees of Indian Apis mellifera, employing both culture-based and culture-independent methods. In the culturable study, a distinct difference in gut bacterial alpha and beta diversity between forager and hive bees emerges. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria dominate, with hive bees exhibiting a Firmicutes-rich gut (65%), while foragers showcase a higher proportion of Proteobacteria (37%). Lactobacillus in the hive bee foregut aligns with the findings by other researchers. Bacterial amplicon sequencing analysisreveals a more intricate bacterial composition with 18 identified phyla, expanding our understanding compared to culturable methods. Hive bees exhibit higher community richness and diversity, likely due to diverse diets and increased social interactions. The core microbiota includes Snodgrassella alvi, Gilliamella apicola, and Bombilactobacillus mellis and Lactobacillus helsingborgensis, crucial for digestion, metabolism, and pathogen resistance. The study emphasises bacteria's role in pollen and nectar digestion, with specific groups like Lactobacillus and Bifidobobacterium spp. associated with carbohydrate metabolism and polysaccharide breakdown. These microbes aid in starch and sucrose digestion, releasing beneficial short-chain fatty acids. CONCLUSION This research highlights the intricate relationship between honey bees and their gut microbiota, showcasing how the diverse and complex microbiome helps bees overcome dietary challenges and enhances overall host health. Understanding these interactions contributes to bee ecology knowledge and has implications for honey bee health management, emphasising the need for further exploration and conservation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Rudra Gouda
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sabtharishi Subramanian
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - Aundy Kumar
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
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Oliphant SA, Watson-Haigh NS, Sumby KM, Gardner JM, Jiranek V. Fructilactobacillus cliffordii sp. nov. , Fructilactobacillus hinvesii sp. nov., Fructilactobacillus myrtifloralis sp. nov., Fructilactobacillus carniphilus sp. nov. and Fructobacillus americanaquae sp. nov., five novel lactic acid bacteria isolated from insects or flowers of Kangaroo Island, South Australia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 36795096 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Six strains, KI11_D11T, KI4_B1, KI11_C11T, KI16_H9T, KI4_A6T and KI3_B9T, were isolated from insects and flowers on Kangaroo Island, South Australia. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, strains KI11_D11T, KI4_B1, KI11_C11T, KI16_H9T, KI4_A6T were found to be closely related to Fructilactobacillus ixorae Ru20-1T. Due to the lack of a whole genome sequence for this species, whole genome sequencing of Fructilactobacillus ixorae Ru20-1T was undertaken. KI3_B9T was found to be closely related to Fructobacillus tropaeoli F214-1T. Utilizing core gene phylogenetics and whole genome analyses, such as determination of AAI, ANI and dDDH, we propose that these six isolates represent five novel species with the names Fructilactobacillus cliffordii (KI11_D11T= LMG 32130T = NBRC 114988T), Fructilactobacillus hinvesii (KI11_C11T = LMG 32129T = NBRC 114987T), Fructilactobacillus myrtifloralis (KI16_H9T= LMG 32131T = NBRC 114989T) Fructilactobacillus carniphilus (KI4_A6T = LMG 32127T = NBRC 114985T) and Fructobacillus americanaquae (KI3_B9T = LMG 32124T = NBRC 114983T). Chemotaxonomic analyses detected no fructophilic characters for these strains of member of the genus Fructilactobacillus. KI3_B9T was found to be obligately fructophilic, similarly to its phylogenetic neighbours in the genus Fructobacillus. This study represents the first isolation, to our knowledge, of novel species in the family Lactobacillaceae from the Australian wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Oliphant
- Department of Wine Science, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Adelaide, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Nathan S Watson-Haigh
- South Australian Genomics Centre, SAHMRI, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.,Australian Genome Research Facility, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Krista M Sumby
- Department of Wine Science, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Adelaide, South Australia, 5064, Australia.,Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Jennifer M Gardner
- Department of Wine Science, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Adelaide, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Vladimir Jiranek
- Department of Wine Science, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Adelaide, South Australia, 5064, Australia.,Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
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Oliphant SA, Watson-Haigh NS, Sumby KM, Gardner J, Groom S, Jiranek V. Apilactobacillus apisilvae sp. nov., Nicolia spurrieriana gen. nov. sp. nov., Bombilactobacillus folatiphilus sp. nov. and Bombilactobacillus thymidiniphilus sp. nov., four new lactic acid bacterial isolates from stingless bees Tetragonula carbonaria and Austroplebeia australis. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Four strains, SG5_A10T, SGEP1_A5T, SG4_D2T, and SG4_A1T, were isolated from the honey or homogenate of Australian stingless bee species Tetragonula carbonaria and Austroplebeia australis. Based on 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, core gene phylogenetics, whole genome analyses such as determination of amino acid identity (AAI), cAAI of conserved genes, average nucleotide identity (ANI), and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH), chemotaxonomic analyses, and the novel isolation sources and unique geography, we propose three new species and one genus with the names Apilactobacillus apisilvae sp. nov. (SG5_A10T = LMG 32133T = NBRC 114991T), Bombilactobacillus thymidiniphilus sp. nov. (SG4_A1T = LMG 32125T = NBRC 114984T), Bombilactobacillus folatiphilus sp. nov. (SG4_D2T = LMG 32126T = NBRC 115004T) and Nicolia spurrieriana sp. nov. (SGEP1_A5T = LMG 32134T = NBRC 114992T). Three out of the four strains were found to be fructophilic, where SG5_A10T and SGEP1_A5T belong to obligately fructophilic lactic acid bacteria, and SG4_D2T representing a new type denoted here as kinetically fructophilic. This study represents the first published lactic acid bacterial species associated with the unique niche of Australian stingless bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A. Oliphant
- Department of Wine Science, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Nathan S. Watson-Haigh
- Australian Genome Research Facility, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- South Australian Genomics Centre (SAGC), SAHMRI, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Krista M. Sumby
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
- Department of Wine Science, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Jennifer Gardner
- Department of Wine Science, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Scott Groom
- Department of Agricultural Science, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Vladimir Jiranek
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
- Department of Wine Science, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
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Salkova D, Shumkova R, Balkanska R, Palova N, Neov B, Radoslavov G, Hristov P. Molecular Detection of Nosema spp. in Honey in Bulgaria. Vet Sci 2021; 9:vetsci9010010. [PMID: 35051094 PMCID: PMC8777891 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is related to screening genetic material of various organisms in environmental samples. Honey represents a natural source of exogenous DNA, which allows for the detection of different honey bee pathogens and parasites. In the present study, we extracted DNA from 20 honey samples from different regions in Bulgaria and tested for the presence of DNA of the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, as well as Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae. Only Nosema ceranae was detected, showing up in 30% of all samples, which confirms the widespread prevalence of this pathogen. All positive samples were found in plain regions of the country, while this pathogen was not detected in mountainous parts. None of the samples gave positive amplifications for the Nosema apis and Varroa mite. The obtained results from this study confirm previous observations that eDNA contained in honey is a potent source for effective biomonitoring of actual diseases in the honey bee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delka Salkova
- Department of Experimental Parasitology, Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Rositsa Shumkova
- Research Centre of Stockbreeding and Agriculture, Agricultural Academy, 4700 Smolyan, Bulgaria;
| | - Ralitsa Balkanska
- Department “Special Branches”, Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Academy, 2230 Kostinbrod, Bulgaria;
| | - Nadezhda Palova
- Scientific Center of Agriculture, Agricultural Academy, 8300 Sredets, Bulgaria;
| | - Boyko Neov
- Department of Animal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (B.N.); (G.R.)
| | - Georgi Radoslavov
- Department of Animal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (B.N.); (G.R.)
| | - Peter Hristov
- Department of Animal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (B.N.); (G.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +359-2-979-2327
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Aziz G, Tariq M, Zaidi AH. Mining indigenous honeybee gut microbiota for Lactobacillus with probiotic potential. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2021; 167. [PMID: 33587693 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study was done to explore the diversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) associated with the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of honeybee species endemic to northeastern Pakistan. Healthy worker bees belonging to Apis mellifera, A. dorsata, A. cerana and A. florea were collected from hives and the surroundings of a major apiary in the region. The 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed a microbial community in A. florea that was distinct from the others in having an abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria. However, this was not reflected in the culturable bacteria obtained from these species. The isolates were characterized for safety parameters, and 20 LAB strains deemed safe were evaluated for resistance to human GIT stresses like acid and bile, adhesion and adhesiveness, and anti-pathogenicity. The five most robust strains, Enterococcus saigonensis NPL780a, Lactobacillus rapi NPL782a, Lactobacillus kunkeei NPL783a, and NPL784, and Lactobacillus paracasei NPL783b, were identified through normalized Pearson (n) principal components analysis (PCA). These strains were checked for inhibition of human pathogens, antibiotic resistance, osmotic tolerance, metabolic and enzymatic functions, and carbohydrate utilization, along with antioxidative and cholesterol-removing potential. The findings suggest at least three strains (NPL 783a, 784 and 782a) as candidates for further in vitro and in vivo investigations of their potential health benefits and application as novel probiotic adjuncts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Aziz
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan.,National Probiotic Lab-NIBGE, Jhang Road, Faisalabad 38000 (Punjab), Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan.,National Probiotic Lab-NIBGE, Jhang Road, Faisalabad 38000 (Punjab), Pakistan
| | - Arsalan Haseeb Zaidi
- National Probiotic Lab-NIBGE, Jhang Road, Faisalabad 38000 (Punjab), Pakistan.,Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
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Bacterial Composition, Community Structure, and Diversity in Apis nigrocincta Gut. Int J Microbiol 2020; 2020:6906921. [PMID: 32802072 PMCID: PMC7414324 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6906921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the honeybee gut bacteria is an essential aspect as honeybees are the primary pollinators of many crops. In this study, the honeybee-associated gut bacteria were investigated by targeting the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA genes using the Illumina MiSeq. The adult worker was captured in an urban area in a dense settlement. In total, 83,018 reads were obtained, revealing six phyla from 749 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The gut was dominated by Proteobacteria (58% of the total reads, including Enterobacteriaceae 28.2%, Erwinia 6.43%, and Klebsiella 4.90%), Firmicutes (29% of the total reads, including Lactococcus garvieae 13.45%, Lactobacillus spp. 8.19%, and Enterococcus spp. 4.47%), and Actinobacteria (8% of the total reads, including Bifidobacterium spp. 7.96%). Many of these bacteria belong to the group of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which was claimed to be composed of beneficial bacteria involved in maintaining a healthy host. The honeybee was identified as Apis nigrocincta based on an identity BLAST search of its COI region. This study is the first report on the gut microbial community structure and composition of A. nigrocincta from Indonesia.
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Balzan S, Carraro L, Merlanti R, Lucatello L, Capolongo F, Fontana F, Novelli E, Larini I, Vitulo N, Cardazzo B. Microbial metabarcoding highlights different bacterial and fungal populations in honey samples from local beekeepers and market in north-eastern Italy. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 334:108806. [PMID: 32805512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Due to its chemical properties, honey does not foster the growth of microorganisms, however it may contain a rich microbial community, including viable, stressed, and not viable microbes. In order to characterize honey microbiota focusing on the difference between products from beekeepers and large retail in the present study a culture-independent approach based on DNA metabarcoding was applied. Honey samples were collected from Local Beekeepers (LB) and Market sales (M) during four years with the aim to investigate the microbiological quality in the honey market. Extraction and amplification of DNA from honey samples showed reduced efficiency with increasing age of honey, with the loss of 50-80% of samples four years old (2014). For this reason, only samples of similar age were compared and the analysis of microbial communities focused on year 2017, for a total of 75 samples. Differences in alpha and beta-diversity were evidenced comparing microbial communities between LB and M samples. In particular, contaminant bacteria dominated the microbiota in M samples while LB samples were enriched in Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) that cannot be isolated with culture-dependent approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Balzan
- Dept. of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Lisa Carraro
- Dept. of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Roberta Merlanti
- Dept. of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Lorena Lucatello
- Dept. of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Francesca Capolongo
- Dept. of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
| | - Federico Fontana
- Dept. of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Enrico Novelli
- Dept. of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Ilaria Larini
- Dept. of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Cà Vignal 1, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Vitulo
- Dept. of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Cà Vignal 1, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Barbara Cardazzo
- Dept. of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
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Lactococcus lactis Diversity Revealed by Targeted Amplicon Sequencing of purR Gene, Metabolic Comparisons and Antimicrobial Properties in an Undefined Mixed Starter Culture Used for Soft-Cheese Manufacture. Foods 2020; 9:foods9050622. [PMID: 32414204 PMCID: PMC7278722 DOI: 10.3390/foods9050622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The undefined mixed starter culture (UMSC) is used in the manufacture of cheeses. Deciphering UMSC microbial diversity is important to optimize industrial processes. The UMSC was studied using culture-dependent and culture-independent based methods. MALDI-TOF MS enabled identification of species primarily from the Lactococcus genus. Comparisons of carbohydrate metabolism profiles allowed to discriminate five phenotypes of Lactococcus (n = 26/1616). The 16S sequences analysis (V1–V3, V3–V4 regions) clustered the UMSC microbial diversity into two Lactococcus operational taxonomic units (OTUs). These clustering results were improved with the DADA2 algorithm on the housekeeping purR sequences. Five L. lactis variants were detected among the UMSC. The whole-genome sequencing of six isolates allowed for the identification of the lactis subspecies using Illumina® (n = 5) and Pacbio® (n = 1) technologies. Kegg analysis confirmed the L. lactis species-specific niche adaptations and highlighted a progressive gene pseudogenization. Then, agar spot tests and agar well diffusion assays were used to assess UMSC antimicrobial activities. Of note, isolate supernatants (n = 34/1616) were shown to inhibit the growth of Salmonella ser. Typhimurium CIP 104115, Lactobacillus sakei CIP 104494, Staphylococcus aureus DSMZ 13661, Enterococcus faecalis CIP103015 and Listeria innocua CIP 80.11. Collectively, these results provide insightful information about UMSC L. lactis diversity and revealed a potential application as a bio-protective starter culture.
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Lamei S, Stephan JG, Nilson B, Sieuwerts S, Riesbeck K, de Miranda JR, Forsgren E. Feeding Honeybee Colonies with Honeybee-Specific Lactic Acid Bacteria (Hbs-LAB) Does Not Affect Colony-Level Hbs-LAB Composition or Paenibacillus larvae Spore Levels, Although American Foulbrood Affected Colonies Harbor a More Diverse Hbs-LAB Community. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2020; 79:743-755. [PMID: 31506760 PMCID: PMC7176604 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-019-01434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main current methods for controlling American Foulbrood (AFB) in honeybees, caused by the bacterial pathogen Paenibacillus larvae, are enforced incineration or prophylactic antibiotic treatment, neither of which is fully satisfactory. This has led to an increased interest in the natural relationships between the pathogenic and mutualistic microorganisms of the honeybee microbiome, in particular, the antagonistic effects of Honeybee-Specific Lactic Acid Bacteria (hbs-LAB) against P. larvae. We investigated whether supplemental administration of these bacteria affected P. larvae infection at colony level over an entire flowering season. Over the season, the supplements affected neither colony-level hbs-LAB composition nor naturally subclinical or clinical P. larvae spore levels. The composition of hbs-LAB in colonies was, however, more diverse in apiaries with a history of clinical AFB, although this was also unrelated to P. larvae spore levels. During the experiments, we also showed that qPCR could detect a wider range of hbs-LAB, with higher specificity and sensitivity than mass spectrometry. Honeybee colonies are complex super-organisms where social immune defenses, natural homeostatic mechanisms, and microbiome diversity and function play a major role in disease resistance. This means that observations made at the individual bee level cannot be simply extrapolated to infer similar effects at colony level. Although individual laboratory larval assays have clearly demonstrated the antagonistic effects of hbs-LAB on P. larvae infection, the results from the experiments presented here indicate that direct conversion of such practice to colony-level administration of live hbs-LAB is not effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Lamei
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jörg G Stephan
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Bo Nilson
- Clinical Microbiology, Labmedicine, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Kristian Riesbeck
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Joachim R de Miranda
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva Forsgren
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Mårtensson A, Abolhalaj M, Lindstedt M, Mårtensson A, Olofsson TC, Vásquez A, Greiff L, Cervin A. Clinical efficacy of a topical lactic acid bacterial microbiome in chronic rhinosinusitis: A randomized controlled trial. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2017; 2:410-416. [PMID: 29299516 PMCID: PMC5743165 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective A locally disturbed commensal microbiome might be an etiological factor in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in general and in CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) in particular. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been suggested to restore commensal microbiomes. A honeybee LAB microbiome consisting of various lactobacilli and bifidobacteria have been found potent against CRS pathogens in vitro. Recently, we examined effects of single nasal administrations of this microbiome in healthy subjects and found it inert. In this study, we examined effects of repeated such administrations in patients with CRSsNP. Study Design The study was of a randomized, double-blinded, crossover, and sham-controlled design. Methods Twenty patients received 2 weeks' treatment administered using a nasal spray-device. The subjects were monitored with regard to symptoms (SNOT-22 questionnaire, i.e., the primary efficacy variable), changes to their microbiome, and inflammatory products (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-, IL-8,a, and MPO) in nasal lavage fluids. Results Neither symptom scores, microbiological explorations, nor levels of inflammatory products in nasal lavage fluids were affected by LAB (c.f. sham). Conclusion Two weeks' nasal administration of a honeybee LAB microbiome to patients with CRSsNP is well tolerated but affects neither symptom severity nor the microbiological flora/local inflammatory activity. Level of Evidence 1b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Mårtensson
- Department of ORLSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
- Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden; the Department of Clinical SciencesSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Milad Abolhalaj
- Department of ImmunotechnologySkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Malin Lindstedt
- Department of ImmunotechnologySkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Anette Mårtensson
- Department of Laboratory MedicineSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | | | - Alejandra Vásquez
- Department of Laboratory MedicineSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Lennart Greiff
- Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden; the Department of Clinical SciencesSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
- Lund University, Lund, Sweden; the Department of ORL, Head & Neck SurgerySkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Anders Cervin
- Department of ORL, Head & Neck SurgeryRoyal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
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