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Valan AS, Krithikadatta J, Sathish S. Influence of Sucrose and Arenga pinnata Solutions on Enamel Surface Demineralization: A Profilometric Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e44592. [PMID: 37795052 PMCID: PMC10545917 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dental caries is a multifactorial disease that has the potential to impact individuals across various life stages. The influential role of sugar as a contributing risk element in the inception and advancement of dental caries is significantly pronounced. Aim The research aim was to analyze and compare the enamel surface roughness in teeth exposed to sucrose and Arenga pinnata (palm sugar) solutions by using a stylus profilometer Materials and methods In this investigation, 34 freshly extracted anterior teeth were obtained and they were split into two groups depending on the solution in which they were immersed. Group A consists of 17 teeth immersed in 1% sucrose solution supplemented in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth solution and Group B consists of 17 teeth immersed in 1% Arenga pinnata BHI broth. Each sample served as its own control. Streptococcus mutans was inoculated into these groups and they were immersed in their respective solution for five days. A stylus profilometer was utilized to measure the surface roughness of the teeth in this study. Data analysis involved paired t-tests for intragroup comparisons and independent t-tests for intergroup comparisons using SPSS software version 23. Results After five days of exposure to palm sugar or sucrose, it was observed that there was demineralization of the enamel surface on both samples. Although there was no statistical significance (p<0.05) when an independent t-test was conducted among these samples, there was a visible increase in the numerical values of Ra, Rq, Rz of teeth exposed to sucrose compared to palm sugar with a p-value of 0.529, 0.122 and 0.357, respectively. Conclusion From this study, it was concluded that although both sucrose and Arenga pinnata cause demineralization of enamel, it was shown that the latter caused lesser demineralization when compared to refined sugars to a certain extent. This study establishes a foundation for forthcoming investigations that could potentially explore the utilization of natural sugars as a substitute for sucrose, while also evaluating the mechanistic aspects underlying the impact of these sugars on enamel demineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Sylvea Valan
- Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Jogikalmat Krithikadatta
- Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sashwat Sathish
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Babina K, Polyakova M, Sokhova I, Doroshina V, Arakelyan M, Zaytsev A, Novozhilova N. The Effect of Ultrasonic Scaling and Air-Powder Polishing on the Roughness of the Enamel, Three Different Nanocomposites, and Composite/Enamel and Composite/Cementum Interfaces. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3072. [PMID: 34835835 PMCID: PMC8623571 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to assess the effects of ultrasonic scaling and air-powder polishing on the roughness of enamel, three nanocomposites (Premise, Herculite Ultra, Harmonize), and composite/enamel and composite/cementum interfaces. Class V cavities were restored in 99 extracted third molars with one of the three nanocomposites and treated with ultrasonic scaler or air-powder polishing device (calcium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate powders). The roughness (Ra) of the investigated surfaces was measured with contact profilometer before and after treatment. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Specimens' Ra values before instrumentation were near the clinically acceptable 0.2 μm threshold. All techniques increased the roughness of the tested surfaces; however, the enamel was slightly affected. The mean Ra values after prophylaxis for composite, composite/cementum and composite/enamel surfaces were 0.32-0.55, 1.33-1.73, and 1.25-1.36, respectively. The extent of composite surface damage was material dependent. Premise surface was not altered by ultrasonic scaling significantly. Air-powder polishing with both powders produced a greater increase in surface roughness of composite resin and restorations margins than ultrasonic scaling. The Ra values after both types of air polishing for Herculite Ultra and Harmonize were approximately 1.5 and 2 times higher, respectively, than those after ultrasonic scaling (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Babina
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.D.); (M.A.); (N.N.)
| | - Maria Polyakova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.D.); (M.A.); (N.N.)
| | - Inna Sokhova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.D.); (M.A.); (N.N.)
| | - Vladlena Doroshina
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.D.); (M.A.); (N.N.)
| | - Marianna Arakelyan
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.D.); (M.A.); (N.N.)
| | - Alexandr Zaytsev
- Institute of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nina Novozhilova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.D.); (M.A.); (N.N.)
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Leal IDC, Costa WKDF, Passos VF. Fluoride dentifrice containing calcium silicate and sodium phosphate salts on dental erosion: In vitro study. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 118:104857. [PMID: 32768713 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of a commercial dentifrice containing fluoride, calcium silicate, and sodium phosphate and its dual phase gel serum to prevent erosive tooth wear in enamel. METHODS Forty-eight enamel specimens were selected by surface hardness and randomly allocated into 4 groups (n = 12) according to the commercial toothpastes: non-fluoridated (NF); 1100 ppm Stannous fluoride (SnF2); 1450 ppm MFP + calcium silicate + sodium phosphate (CSSP); CSSP + dual-phase gel (CSSP + Serum). Cyclic experiments were repeated 3x / day for five days, including an erosive challenge with 0.05 M citric acid (pH 3.75 for 30 s), treatment with toothpaste slurries (1 min), and remineralization with artificial saliva (pH 7.0 for 60 min). Surface alterations were determined by stylus profilometry (μm) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS SnF2, CSSP and CSSP + Serum significantly reduce surface wear compared to NF treated group. Besides, there were no significant differences among SnF2, CSSP and CSSP + Serum. In micrographs of both groups treated with CSSP, the surface demonstrates the presence of a protective layer as a deposition of particles. CONCLUSIONS Dentifrice containing calcium silicate and sodium phosphate with or without the dual-phase gel was able to prevent the erosive tooth wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelly de Carvalho Leal
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Rua Monsenhor Furtado, s/nº, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | | | - Vanara Florêncio Passos
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rua Monsenhor Furtado, s/nº, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60430-350, Brazil.
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Stenhagen KR, Holme B, Tveit AB, Lussi A, Carvalho TS. Analytical strategies for clinical studies on dental erosive wear. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:167. [PMID: 31349831 PMCID: PMC6660658 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0834-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for analytical techniques for measuring Erosive Tooth Wear (ETW) on natural surfaces in clinical studies. The purpose was to investigate the use of two instruments aimed to assess initial to more advanced stages of ETW. METHODS Human premolar enamel samples (2x3mm) (n = 24), were polished flat and mounted in resin cylinders (4 cylinders, 6 samples in each). Part 1: Baseline analyses by White Light Interferometer (WLI), Surface Reflection Intensity (SRI: TableTop and OptiPen) and Surface Hardness (SH). Erosion (1% citric acid (pH 3.6) for 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 min. SRI and SH analyses after every erosion episode and by WLI after 10 min. New indentations were made and enamel loss; was measured by change in indentation depths from toothbrush abrasion (200 g, 60 strokes, 30 s). Another series of 2 × 5 min erosion (totally15 min and 20 min) was analysed with SH and SRI after each erosion, and by WLI (on samples and impressions of samples) after 20 min. Part 2 investigated WLI performance in the interface where initial erosion increases in severity and substance loss occurs. The samples were repolished. Baseline analyses by WLI, SRI (TableTop and OptiPen) and SH. Four cylinders were etched for 1, 2, 4, 8 min respectively and analysed by SRI, SH on samples, and WLI on samples and impressions). RESULTS Part1: SRI decreased from baseline to ~ 6 min etch and increased slightly after abrasion, the two devices correlated well (ICC 0.98 p < 0.001, Spearmans rs 0.91 p < 0.001). SH decreased nearly linearly to 10 min etch, but increased distinctly after abrasion. Mean enamel loss from abrasion alone was 0.2 μm (change in indentation depths). After 10 min etch, it was 0.27 μm (WLI) and after 20 min etch, it was 2.2 μm measured on samples vs 2.4 μm on impressions of samples (7% higher). Part 2: From baseline to 8 min etch; SRI and SH decreased whereas WLI presented increasing etch depths. CONCLUSIONS With some adjustments, the use of SRI and WLI in combination seems to be a promising strategy for monitoring ETW in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Stenhagen
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Blindern, NO-0316, Postbox 1072, OSLO, Norway. .,The Public Dental Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway, TkNN, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - B Holme
- SINTEF Industry, Forskningsveien 1, 0373, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - A Lussi
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - T S Carvalho
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
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Dionysopoulos D, Tolidis K, Sfeikos T. Effect of air-abrasion pre-treatment with bioactive glass 45S5 on enamel surface loss after erosion/abrasion challenge. Dent Mater 2019; 35:e193-e203. [PMID: 31133403 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of air-abrasion surface pre-treatment with bioactive glass (BAG) 45S5 on enamel surface loss after erosion/abrasion challenge. METHODS Twenty-four sound bovine incisors were used for this study. Four experimental groups (n=12) were assigned as follows: Group 1 was the negative control group, Group 2 specimens were treated with a SnF2 gel (positive control group), Group 3 specimens were air-abraded with BAG 45S5 (ProSylc) and Group 4 received both treatments. The specimens were submitted to erosion/abrasion challenge using a common soft drink. Enamel surface loss was evaluated using an optical profilometer. Additionally, surface roughness (VSI method) and surface microhardness (Vickers method) changes were evaluated, as well as SEM and EDS analyses were performed on enamel surface. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test at a level of significance a=0.05. RESULTS Surface pre-treatment with BAG 45S5 reduced surface loss in comparison with negative control group (p<0.001), which exhibited the highest surface loss of the experimental groups (p<0.05). The positive control group (SnF2 treatment) and Group 4 specimens, which received both air-abrasion pre-treatment and SnF2 treatment, presented the lowest surface loss (p<0.05), but did not show significant differences to each other (p=0.65). SIGNIFICANCE Air-abrasion pre-treatment with BAG 45S5 may be beneficial as an in-office preventive method for the limitation of enamel erosive wear induced by excessive consumption of soft drinks. The clinical significance of the results regarding this preventive method should be confirmed by clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Dionysopoulos
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Kosmas Tolidis
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thrasyvoulos Sfeikos
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Steiger-Ronay V, Tektas S, Attin T, Lussi A, Becker K, Wiedemeier DB, Beyeler B, Carvalho TS. Comparison of Profilometric and Microindentation Analyses for Determining the Impact of Saliva on the Abrasion of Initially Eroded Enamel. Caries Res 2018; 53:33-40. [PMID: 29879720 DOI: 10.1159/000489133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the impact of saliva on the abrasion of eroded enamel using two measuring methods. A total of 80 bovine enamel specimens from 20 bovine incisors were allocated to four experimental groups (n = 20 specimens per group). After baseline surface microhardness (SMH) measurements and profilometry all specimens were subjected to erosion (2 min, 1% citric acid, pH: 3.6, 37°C). SMH was determined again, and the depths of the Knoop indentations were calculated. Thereafter, specimens were incubated in human saliva (group 1 - no incubation/control, group 2 - 0.5 h, group 3 - 1 h, group 4 - 2 h) before toothbrush abrasion was performed. After final SMH measurements and profilometry, indentations were remeasured, and surface loss was calculated. SMH did not return to baseline values regardless of the length of saliva incubation. Further, an irreversible substance loss was observed for all specimens. With the indentation method, significantly (p < 0.05) more substance loss was found for controls (least square means ± standard error of 198 ± 19 nm) than for groups 2-4 (110 ± 10, 114 ± 11, and 105 ± 14 nm). Profilometric assessment showed significantly more substance loss for controls (122 ± 8 nm) than for group 4 (106 ± 5 nm). Intraclass correlation for interrater reliability between measurement methods was low (0.21, CI: 0.1-0.3), indicating poor agreement. Exposure of eroded enamel to saliva for up to 2 h could not re-establish the original SMH. The amount of measured substance loss depended on the measurement method applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Steiger-Ronay
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich,
| | | | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Lussi
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Becker
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel B Wiedemeier
- Statistical Services, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Beyeler
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thiago S Carvalho
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Efficacy of toothpastes in the prevention of erosive tooth wear in permanent and deciduous teeth. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:273-284. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2434-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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João-Souza SH, Lussi A, Baumann T, Scaramucci T, Aranha ACC, Carvalho TS. Chemical and physical factors of desensitizing and/or anti-erosive toothpastes associated with lower erosive tooth wear. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17909. [PMID: 29263431 PMCID: PMC5738370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18154-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Toothpastes have a complex formulation and their different chemical and physical factors will influence their effectiveness against erosive tooth wear (ETW). We, therefore, investigated the effect of different desensitizing and/or anti-erosive toothpastes on initial enamel erosion and abrasion, and analysed how the interplay of their chemical and physical factors influences ETW. Human enamel specimens were submitted to 5 erosion-abrasion cycles using 9 different toothpastes and an artificial saliva group, and enamel surface loss (SL) was calculated. Chemical and physical factors (pH; presence of tin; calcium, phosphate and fluoride concentrations; % weight of solid particles; wettability; and particle size) of the toothpaste slurries were then analysed and associated with the amount of SL in a multivariate model. We observed that all desensitizing and/or anti-erosive toothpastes presented different degrees of SL. Besides pH and fluoride, all other chemical and physical factors were associated with SL. The results of this experiment indicate that enamel SL occurs independent of whether the toothpastes have a desensitizing or anti-erosive claim, and that lower SL is associated with the presence of tin, higher concentration of calcium and phosphate, higher % weight of solid particles, smaller particle size, and lower wettability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Helena João-Souza
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, Labor C331, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland. .,Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry. Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Adrian Lussi
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, Labor C331, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tommy Baumann
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, Labor C331, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Taís Scaramucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry. Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Cecília Corrêa Aranha
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry. Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Thiago Saads Carvalho
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, Labor C331, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
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