1
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Schiksnis C, Xu M, Saito MA, McIlvin M, Moran D, Bian X, John SG, Zheng Q, Yang N, Fu F, Hutchins DA. Proteomics analysis reveals differential acclimation of coastal and oceanic Synechococcus to climate warming and iron limitation. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1323499. [PMID: 38444803 PMCID: PMC10912551 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1323499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In many oceanic regions, anthropogenic warming will coincide with iron (Fe) limitation. Interactive effects between warming and Fe limitation on phytoplankton physiology and biochemical function are likely, as temperature and Fe availability affect many of the same essential cellular pathways. However, we lack a clear understanding of how globally significant phytoplankton such as the picocyanobacteria Synechococcus will respond to these co-occurring stressors, and what underlying molecular mechanisms will drive this response. Moreover, ecotype-specific adaptations can lead to nuanced differences in responses between strains. In this study, Synechococcus isolates YX04-1 (oceanic) and XM-24 (coastal) from the South China Sea were acclimated to Fe limitation at two temperatures, and their physiological and proteomic responses were compared. Both strains exhibited reduced growth due to warming and Fe limitation. However, coastal XM-24 maintained relatively higher growth rates in response to warming under replete Fe, while its growth was notably more compromised under Fe limitation at both temperatures compared with YX04-1. In response to concurrent heat and Fe stress, oceanic YX04-1 was better able to adjust its photosynthetic proteins and minimize the generation of reactive oxygen species while reducing proteome Fe demand. Its intricate proteomic response likely enabled oceanic YX04-1 to mitigate some of the negative impact of warming on its growth during Fe limitation. Our study highlights how ecologically-shaped adaptations in Synechococcus strains even from proximate oceanic regions can lead to differing physiological and proteomic responses to these climate stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Schiksnis
- Marine and Environmental Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Mak A. Saito
- Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States
| | - Matthew McIlvin
- Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States
| | - Dawn Moran
- Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States
| | - Xiaopeng Bian
- Marine and Environmental Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Seth G. John
- Marine and Environmental Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Qiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Nina Yang
- Marine and Environmental Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States
- Marine Policy Center, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States
| | - Feixue Fu
- Marine and Environmental Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David A. Hutchins
- Marine and Environmental Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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2
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Long M, Lelong A, Bucciarelli E, Le Grand F, Hégaret H, Soudant P. Physiological adaptation of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima under copper starvation. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 188:105995. [PMID: 37087845 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In the open ocean and particularly in iron (Fe)-limited environment, copper (Cu) deficiency might limit the growth of phytoplankton species. Cu is an essential trace metal used in electron-transfer reactions, such as respiration and photosynthesis, when bound to specific enzymes. Some phytoplankton species, such as the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia spp. can cope with Cu starvation through adaptative strategies. In this study, we investigated the physiological strategies of the marine diatom P. delicatissima against Cu starvation. Compared to the control, Cu starvation inhibited growth by 35%, but did not induce any excess mortality. Despite the bottleneck measured in the electron flow of the photosynthetic chain, cells of P. delicatissima conserved their photosynthesis ability. This photosynthesis maintenance was accompanied by structural changes of membranes, where pigments and lipid composition were strongly modified. Diatoms also strongly modified their metabolism, by redirecting their C allocation to energy storage under the form of triglycerides. By maintaining essential metabolic functions and storing energy under the form of lipids, these physiological adaptations might be a strategy enabling this diatom to later bloom under the return of favorable nutritional condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Long
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzane, France.
| | - Aurélie Lelong
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzane, France
| | - Eva Bucciarelli
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzane, France
| | | | - Hélène Hégaret
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzane, France
| | - Philippe Soudant
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzane, France
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3
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Michie KA, Harrop SJ, Rathbone HW, Wilk KE, Teng CY, Hoef‐Emden K, Hiller RG, Green BR, Curmi PMG. Molecular structures reveal the origin of spectral variation in cryptophyte light harvesting antenna proteins. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4586. [PMID: 36721353 PMCID: PMC9951199 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In addition to their membrane-bound chlorophyll a/c light-harvesting antenna, the cryptophyte algae have evolved a unique phycobiliprotein antenna system located in the thylakoid lumen. The basic unit of this antenna consists of two copies of an αβ protomer where the α and β subunits scaffold different combinations of a limited number of linear tetrapyrrole chromophores. While the β subunit is highly conserved, encoded by a single plastid gene, the nuclear-encoded α subunits have evolved diversified multigene families. It is still unclear how this sequence diversity results in the spectral diversity of the mature proteins. By careful examination of three newly determined crystal structures in comparison with three previously obtained, we show how the α subunit amino acid sequences control chromophore conformations and hence spectral properties even when the chromophores are identical. Previously we have shown that α subunits control the quaternary structure of the mature αβ.αβ complex (either open or closed), however, each species appeared to only harbor a single quaternary form. Here we show that species of the Hemiselmis genus contain expressed α subunit genes that encode both distinct quaternary structures. Finally, we have discovered a common single-copy gene (expressed into protein) consisting of tandem copies of a small α subunit that could potentially scaffold pairs of light harvesting units. Together, our results show how the diversity of the multigene α subunit family produces a range of mature cryptophyte antenna proteins with differing spectral properties, and the potential for minor forms that could contribute to acclimation to varying light regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine A. Michie
- School of PhysicsThe University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular SciencesThe University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Mark Wainwright Analytical CentreUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Stephen J. Harrop
- School of PhysicsThe University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- MX Beamlines, Australian SynchrotronClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Harry W. Rathbone
- School of PhysicsThe University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular SciencesThe University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Krystyna E. Wilk
- School of PhysicsThe University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Chang Ying Teng
- Department of BotanyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | | | - Roger G. Hiller
- Department of Biological SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | | | - Paul M. G. Curmi
- School of PhysicsThe University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular SciencesThe University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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4
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Behnke J, Cai Y, Gu H, LaRoche J. Short-term response to iron resupply in an iron-limited open ocean diatom reveals rapid decay of iron-responsive transcripts. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280827. [PMID: 36693065 PMCID: PMC9873189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In large areas of the ocean, iron concentrations are insufficient to promote phytoplankton growth. Numerous studies have been conducted to characterize the effect of iron on algae and how algae cope with fluctuating iron concentrations. Fertilization experiments in low-iron areas resulted primarily in diatom-dominated algal blooms, leading to laboratory studies on diatoms comparing low- and high-iron conditions. Here, we focus on the short-term temporal response following iron addition to an iron-starved open ocean diatom, Thalassiosira oceanica. We employed the NanoString platform and analyzed a high-resolution time series on 54 transcripts encoding proteins involved in photosynthesis, N-linked glycosylation, iron transport, as well as transcription factors. Nine transcripts were iron-responsive, with an immediate response to the addition of iron. The fastest response observed was the decrease in transcript levels of proteins involved in iron uptake, followed by an increase in transcript levels of iron-containing enzymes and a simultaneous decrease in the transcript levels of their iron-free replacement enzymes. The transcription inhibitor actinomycin D was used to understand the underlying mechanisms of the decrease of the iron-responsive transcripts and to determine their half-lives. Here, Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), plastocyanin (PETE), ferredoxin (PETF) and cellular repressor of EA1-stimulated genes (CREGx2) revealed longer than average half-lives. Four iron-responsive transcripts showed statistically significant differences in their decay rates between the iron-recovery samples and the actD treatment. These differences suggest regulatory mechanisms influencing gene transcription and mRNA stability. Overall, our study contributes towards a detailed understanding of diatom cell biology in the context of iron fertilization response and provides important observations to assess oceanic diatom responses following sudden changes in iron concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Behnke
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- * E-mail: (JB); (JL)
| | - Yun Cai
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Hong Gu
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Julie LaRoche
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- * E-mail: (JB); (JL)
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5
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Copper Requirement and Acquisition by Marine Microalgae. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091853. [PMID: 36144455 PMCID: PMC9502191 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is a critical metal nutrient required by marine microalgae but may be toxic when supplied in excess. Maintaining an optimal intracellular Cu content is thus fundamentally necessary for microalgae and relies on cellular regulatory metabolisms and the process of Cu uptake that buffers the variation in environmental Cu availability. In this article the current progress in understanding the Cu requirements and acquisition mechanisms of marine microalgae is reviewed. Cu requirement by microalgae is primarily determined by the amount of Cu-dependent enzymes involved in cellular metabolisms and can be adjusted by Cu-sparing pathways. Decrease in metabolic Cu quotas caused a decline in the abundance of cuproenzymes and the dependent cellular metabolisms, and an induction of Cu acquisition pathways. Conventional models of Cu uptake describe the dependence of Cu uptake rate on free Cu2+ ions or kinetically labile species. A reductive, high-affinity Cu uptake system in marine microalgae is identified which enables cells to directly utilize organically complexed Cu, highlighting the importance of cell surface Cu reduction in the marine Cu cycle. This review provides new insights into Cu uptake models that may update the existing knowledge of Cu availability in the ocean.
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6
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Hippmann AA, Schuback N, Moon K, McCrow JP, Allen AE, Foster LF, Green BR, Maldonado MT. Proteomic analysis of metabolic pathways supports chloroplast-mitochondria cross-talk in a Cu-limited diatom. PLANT DIRECT 2022; 6:e376. [PMID: 35079683 PMCID: PMC8777261 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are one of the most successful phytoplankton groups in our oceans, being responsible for over 20% of the Earth's photosynthetic productivity. Their chimeric genomes have genes derived from red algae, green algae, bacteria, and heterotrophs, resulting in multiple isoenzymes targeted to different cellular compartments with the potential for differential regulation under nutrient limitation. The resulting interactions between metabolic pathways are not yet fully understood. We previously showed how acclimation to Cu limitation enhanced susceptibility to overreduction of the photosynthetic electron transport chain and its reorganization to favor photoprotection over light harvesting in the oceanic diatom Thalassiosira oceanica (Hippmann et al., 2017, 10.1371/journal.pone.0181753). In order to gain a better understanding of the overall metabolic changes that help alleviate the stress of Cu limitation, we have further analyzed the comprehensive proteomic datasets generated in that study to identify differentially expressed proteins involved in carbon, nitrogen, and oxidative stress-related metabolic pathways. Metabolic pathway analysis showed integrated responses to Cu limitation. The upregulation of ferredoxin (Fdx) was correlated with upregulation of plastidial Fdx-dependent isoenzymes involved in nitrogen assimilation as well as enzymes involved in glutathione synthesis, thus suggesting an integration of nitrogen uptake and metabolism with photosynthesis and oxidative stress resistance. The differential expression of glycolytic isoenzymes located in the chloroplast and mitochondria may enable them to channel both excess electrons and/or ATP between these compartments. An additional support for chloroplast-mitochondrial cross-talk is the increased expression of chloroplast and mitochondrial proteins involved in the proposed malate shunt under Cu limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A. Hippmann
- Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Nina Schuback
- Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Kyung‐Mee Moon
- Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMichael Smith LaboratoriesVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - John P. McCrow
- Microbial and Environmental GenomicsJ. Craig Venter InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Andrew E. Allen
- Microbial and Environmental GenomicsJ. Craig Venter InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
- Scripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCAUSA
| | - Leonard F. Foster
- Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMichael Smith LaboratoriesVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Beverley R. Green
- Department of BotanyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Maria T. Maldonado
- Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
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7
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Castell C, Rodríguez-Lumbreras LA, Hervás M, Fernández-Recio J, Navarro JA. New Insights into the Evolution of the Electron Transfer from Cytochrome f to Photosystem I in the Green and Red Branches of Photosynthetic Eukaryotes. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:1082-1093. [PMID: 33772595 PMCID: PMC8557733 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In cyanobacteria and most green algae of the eukaryotic green lineage, the copper-protein plastocyanin (Pc) alternatively replaces the heme-protein cytochrome c6 (Cc6) as the soluble electron carrier from cytochrome f (Cf) to photosystem I (PSI). The functional and structural equivalence of 'green' Pc and Cc6 has been well established, representing an example of convergent evolution of two unrelated proteins. However, plants only produce Pc, despite having evolved from green algae. On the other hand, Cc6 is the only soluble donor available in most species of the red lineage of photosynthetic organisms, which includes, among others, red algae and diatoms. Interestingly, Pc genes have been identified in oceanic diatoms, probably acquired by horizontal gene transfer from green algae. However, the mechanisms that regulate the expression of a functional Pc in diatoms are still unclear. In the green eukaryotic lineage, the transfer of electrons from Cf to PSI has been characterized in depth. The conclusion is that in the green lineage, this process involves strong electrostatic interactions between partners, which ensure a high affinity and an efficient electron transfer (ET) at the cost of limiting the turnover of the process. In the red lineage, recent kinetic and structural modeling data suggest a different strategy, based on weaker electrostatic interactions between partners, with lower affinity and less efficient ET, but favoring instead the protein exchange and the turnover of the process. Finally, in diatoms the interaction of the acquired green-type Pc with both Cf and PSI may not yet be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Castell
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, cicCartuja, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luis A Rodríguez-Lumbreras
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV), CSIC—Universidad de La Rioja—Gobierno de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Manuel Hervás
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, cicCartuja, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Recio
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV), CSIC—Universidad de La Rioja—Gobierno de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
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8
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Kong L, Price NM. Transcriptomes of an oceanic diatom reveal the initial and final stages of acclimation to copper deficiency. Environ Microbiol 2021; 24:951-966. [PMID: 34029435 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) concentration is greatly reduced in the open sea so that phytoplankton must adjust their uptake systems and acclimate to sustain growth. Acclimation to low Cu involves changes to the photosynthetic apparatus and specific biochemical reactions that use Cu, but little is known how Cu affects cellular metabolic networks. Here we report results of whole transcriptome analysis of a plastocyanin-containing diatom, Thalassiosira oceanica 1005, during its initial stages of acclimation and after long-term adaptation in Cu-deficient seawater. Gene expression profiles, used to identify Cu-regulated metabolic pathways, show downregulation of anabolic and energy-yielding reactions in Cu-limited cells. These include the light reactions of photosynthesis, carbon fixation, nitrogen assimilation and glycolysis. Reduction of these pathways is consistent with reduced growth requirements for C and N caused by slower rates of photosynthetic electron transport. Upregulation of oxidative stress defence systems persists in adapted cells, suggesting cellular damage by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurs even after acclimation. Copper deficiency also alters fatty acid metabolism, possibly in response to an increase in lipid peroxidation and membrane damage driven by ROS. During the initial stages of Cu-limitation the majority of differentially regulated genes are associated with photosynthetic metabolism, highlighting the chloroplast as the primary target of low Cu availability. The results provide insights into the mechanisms of acclimation and adaptation of T. oceanica to Cu deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Kong
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Neil M Price
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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9
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Castell C, Bernal-Bayard P, Ortega JM, Roncel M, Hervás M, Navarro JA. The heterologous expression of a plastocyanin in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum improves cell growth under iron-deficient conditions. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:277-290. [PMID: 33247466 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated if the heterologous expression of a functional green alga plastocyanin in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum can improve photosynthetic activity and cell growth. Previous in vitro assays showed that a single-mutant of the plastocyanin from the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is effective in reducing P. tricornutum photosystem I. In this study, in vivo assays with P. tricornutum strains expressing this plastocyanin indicate that even the relatively low intracellular concentrations of holo-plastocyanin detected (≈4 μM) are enough to promote an increased growth (up to 60%) under iron-deficient conditions as compared with the WT strain, measured as higher cell densities, content in pigments and active photosystem I, global photosynthetic rates per cell, and even cell volume. In addition, the presence of plastocyanin as an additional photosynthetic electron carrier seems to decrease the over-reduction of the plastoquinone pool. Consequently, it promotes an improvement in the maximum quantum yield of both photosystem II and I, together with a decrease in the acceptor side photoinhibition of photosystem II-also associated to a reduced oxidative stress-a decrease in the peroxidation of membrane lipids in the choroplast, and a lower degree of limitation on the donor side of photosystem I. Thus the heterologous plastocyanin appears to act as a functional electron carrier, alternative to the native cytochrome c6 , under iron-limiting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Castell
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, cicCartuja, Universidad de Sevilla and CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Pilar Bernal-Bayard
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, cicCartuja, Universidad de Sevilla and CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - José M Ortega
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, cicCartuja, Universidad de Sevilla and CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Mercedes Roncel
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, cicCartuja, Universidad de Sevilla and CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel Hervás
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, cicCartuja, Universidad de Sevilla and CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - José A Navarro
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, cicCartuja, Universidad de Sevilla and CSIC, Seville, Spain
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10
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Culbertson EM, Bruno VM, Cormack BP, Culotta VC. Expanded role of the Cu-sensing transcription factor Mac1p in Candida albicans. Mol Microbiol 2020; 114:1006-1018. [PMID: 32808698 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As part of the innate immune response, the host withholds metal micronutrients such as Cu from invading pathogens, and microbes respond through metal starvation stress responses. With the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans, the Cu-sensing transcription factor Mac1p governs the cellular response to Cu starvation by controlling Cu import. Mac1p additionally controls reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis by repressing a Cu-containing superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and inducing Mn-containing SOD3 as a non-Cu alternative. We show here that C. albicans Mac1p is essential for virulence in a mouse model for disseminated candidiasis and that the cellular functions of Mac1p extend beyond Cu uptake and ROS homeostasis. Specifically, mac1∆/∆ mutants are profoundly deficient in mitochondrial respiration and Fe accumulation, both Cu-dependent processes. Surprisingly, these deficiencies are not simply the product of impaired Cu uptake; rather mac1∆/∆ mutants appear defective in Cu allocation. The respiratory defect of mac1∆/∆ mutants was greatly improved by a sod1∆/∆ mutation, demonstrating a role for SOD1 repression by Mac1p in preserving respiration. Mac1p downregulates the major Cu consumer SOD1 to spare Cu for respiration that is essential for virulence of this fungal pathogen. The implications for such Cu homeostasis control in other pathogenic fungi are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward M Culbertson
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vincent M Bruno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brendan P Cormack
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Valeria C Culotta
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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11
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Kong L, Price NM. Identification of copper-regulated proteins in an oceanic diatom,Thalassiosira oceanica1005. Metallomics 2020; 12:1106-1117. [DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00033g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plastocyanin-dependent diatoms adjust cellular metabolism to cope with chronic Cu deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Kong
- Department of Biology
- McGill University
- Montréal
- Canada
- College of Marine Life Sciences
| | - Neil M. Price
- Department of Biology
- McGill University
- Montréal
- Canada
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12
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Abstract
Over 100 whole-genome sequences from algae are published or soon to be published. The rapidly increasing availability of these fundamental resources is changing how we understand one of the most diverse, complex, and understudied groups of photosynthetic eukaryotes. Genome sequences provide a window into the functional potential of individual algae, with phylogenomics and functional genomics as tools for contextualizing and transferring knowledge from reference organisms into less well-characterized systems. Remarkably, over half of the proteins encoded by algal genomes are of unknown function, highlighting the volume of functional capabilities yet to be discovered. In this review, we provide an overview of publicly available algal genomes, their associated protein inventories, and their quality, with a summary of the statuses of protein function understanding and predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabeeha S Merchant
- Departments of Plant and Microbial Biology and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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13
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Scheiber IF, Pilátová J, Malych R, Kotabova E, Krijt M, Vyoral D, Mach J, Léger T, Camadro JM, Prášil O, Lesuisse E, Sutak R. Copper and iron metabolism in Ostreococcus tauri – the role of phytotransferrin, plastocyanin and a chloroplast copper-transporting ATPase. Metallomics 2019; 11:1657-1666. [DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00078j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We have identified Ostreococcus tauri major iron uptake mediating protein, phytotransferrin (Ot-FEA1), whose expression and binding of iron is copper dependent.
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14
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Cohen NR, Gong W, Moran DM, McIlvin MR, Saito MA, Marchetti A. Transcriptomic and proteomic responses of the oceanic diatom
Pseudo‐nitzschia granii
to iron limitation. Environ Microbiol 2018; 20:3109-3126. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie R Cohen
- Department of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27514 USA
- Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA 02543 USA
| | - Weida Gong
- Department of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27514 USA
| | - Dawn M. Moran
- Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA 02543 USA
| | - Matthew R. McIlvin
- Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA 02543 USA
| | - Mak A. Saito
- Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA 02543 USA
| | - Adrian Marchetti
- Department of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27514 USA
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