1
|
Hashemi H, Khabazkhoob M, Heydarian S, Emamian MH, Fotouhi A. Intraocular pressure and its association with ocular biometrics in Iranian children. JOURNAL OF OPTOMETRY 2024; 17:100523. [PMID: 39306986 PMCID: PMC11440304 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2024.100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the mean value and normative distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) in children and their association with demographic and ocular biometrics. METHODS Cluster sampling was done to select the students in urban areas of Shahroud, northeast Iran, while all students living in rural areas were selected. IOP was measured in mmHg using a non-contact tonometer, along with corneal and retinal imaging and ocular biometric measurement. RESULTS After applying the exclusion criteria, 9154 eyes of 4580 students were analyzed, of whom 2377 (51.9 %) were boys. The mean age of the participants was 12.35±1.73 years (range: 9-15 years). The mean IOP was 15.58±2.83 (15.47-15.69) in total, 15.31±2.77 (15.17-15.46) in boys, and 15.88±2.86 (15.73-16.03) in girls (p < 0.001). The mean IOP was 15.07 and 15.49 in students aged 9 and 15 years, respectively. The mean IOP was 15.7 ± 2.64 (15.58-15.81) in urban and 14.52±4.05 (14.27-14.77) in rural students (p < 0.001). In the multiple generalized estimating equation model, IOP had a positive association with female sex (β=0.84, P < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (β=0.02, P < 0.001), cup volume (β=0.99, P < 0.001), corneal thickness (β=0.04, P < 0.001) and anterior chamber volume (β=0.007, P < 0.001) and a negative association with living in the rural area (β=-0.65, P < 0.001), rim area (β=-0.39, P < 0.001), and corneal diameter (β=-0.18, P = 0.045). Furthermore, individuals with myopia exhibited a significantly higher IOP (β=0.35, P < 0.001) compared to those with emmetropia. CONCLUSION This study showed the normative distribution of IOP and its associated factors in children. The results can be used in diagnosis and management of glaucoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Hashemi
- Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khabazkhoob
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Heydarian
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Emamian
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
| | - Akbar Fotouhi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin J, Vasudevan B, Gao TY, Zhou HJ, Ciuffreda KJ, Liang YB, Lin Z. Intraocular Pressure and Myopia Progression, Axial Length Elongation in Rural Chinese Children. Optom Vis Sci 2023; 100:708-714. [PMID: 37639709 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000002065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE This study reported the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) and myopia progression, which helps to understand more comprehensively whether IOP can be an important reference factor to intervene in the progression of myopia. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the association between IOP and myopia progression as well as axial length elongation in rural Chinese children. METHODS A total of 598 (598 of 878 [68.1%]) children (6 to 17 years) from the baseline Handan Offspring Myopia Study who completed a 3.5-year follow-up vision examination were included. Ocular examinations at both visits included cycloplegic autorefraction, IOP, and axial length measurements. RESULTS Children with myopia had the highest baseline IOP of the three refractive groups (14.13 ± 1.31, 13.78 ± 1.71, and 13.59 ± 1.64 mmHg in myopes, emmetropes, and hyperopes, respectively, P = .002). However, IOPs showed no significant difference between eyes with or without newly developed myopia (13.63 ± 1.68 vs. 13.89 ± 1.68, P = .16), with or without faster myopia progression (13.75 ± 1.61 vs. 13.86 ± 1.63, P = .46), or with axial length elongation (13.80 ± 1.61 vs. 13.76 ± 1.64, P = .80). The multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that neither baseline refractive error ( β = -0.082, P = .13) nor baseline axial length ( β = -0.156, P = .08) was associated with baseline IOP. CONCLUSIONS Myopic eyes have slightly higher IOP compared with emmetropic and hyperopic eyes, although it was not clinically significant. However, IOP was not found to be associated with either myopia progression or axial length elongation in this cohort sample of rural Chinese children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jue Lin
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | | | - Hong Jia Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kenneth J Ciuffreda
- Department of Biological and Vision Sciences, SUNY College of Optometry, New York, New York
| | - Yuan Bo Liang
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang P, Song Y, Lin F, Wang Z, Gao X, Cheng W, Chen M, Peng Y, Liu Y, Zhang X, Chen S. Comparison of Non-contact Tonometry and Goldmann Applanation Tonometry Measurements in Non-pathologic High Myopia. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:819715. [PMID: 35308502 PMCID: PMC8927768 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.819715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeTo compare intraocular pressure (IOP) values obtained using Goldmann applanation tonometry (IOPGAT) and non-contact tonometry (IOPNCT) in a non-pathologic high myopia population.MethodsA total of 720 eyes from 720 Chinese adults with non-pathologic high myopia were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Demographic and ocular characteristics, including axial length, refractive error, central corneal thickness (CCT), and corneal curvature (CC) were recorded. Each patient was successively treated with IOPNCT and IOPGAT. Univariate and multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted to detect factors associated with IOPNCT and IOPGAT, as well as the measurement difference between the two devices (IOPNCT−GAT).ResultsIn this non-pathologic high myopia population, the mean IOPNCT and IOPGAT values were 17.60 ± 2.76 mmHg and 13.85 ± 2.43 mmHg, respectively. The IOP measurements of the two devices were significantly correlated (r = 0.681, P < 0.001), however, IOPNCT overestimated IOPGAT with a mean difference of 3.75 mmHg (95% confidence interval: 3.60–3.91 mmHg). In multivariate regression, IOPNCT was significantly associated with body mass index (standardized β = 0.075, p = 0.033), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (standardized β = 0.170, p < 0.001), and CCT (standardized β = 0.526, p < 0.001). As for IOPGAT, only SBP (standardized β = 0.162, p < 0.001), CCT (standardized β = 0.259, p < 0.001), and CC (standardized β = 0.156, p < 0.001) were significantly correlated. The mean IOPNCT−GAT difference increased with younger age (standardized β = −0.134, p < 0.001), higher body mass index (standardized β = 0.091, p = 0.009), higher SBP (standardized β = 0.074, p = 0.027), thicker CCT (standardized β = 0.506, p < 0.001), and lower IOPGAT (standardized β = −0.409, p < 0.001).ConclusionIn the non-pathologic high myopia population, IOPNCT overestimated IOPGAT at 3.75 ± 2.10 mmHg. This study suggests that the difference between the values obtained by the two devices, and their respective influencing factors, should be considered in the clinical evaluation and management of highly myopic populations.
Collapse
|
4
|
Machine Learning to Determine Risk Factors for Myopia Progression in Primary School Children: The Anyang Childhood Eye Study. Ophthalmol Ther 2022; 11:573-585. [PMID: 35061239 PMCID: PMC8927561 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-021-00450-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
|
5
|
Gharebaghi R, Heidary F. Distribution of intraocular pressure in healthy Iranian children: the Shiraz Pediatric Eye Study. J AAPOS 2021; 25:199. [PMID: 33677038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Gharebaghi
- International Virtual Ophthalmic Research Center, Austin, TX
| | - Fatemeh Heidary
- International Virtual Ophthalmic Research Center, Austin, TX
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Han F, Li J, Zhao X, Li X, Wei P, Wang Y. Distribution and analysis of intraocular pressure and its possible association with glaucoma in children. Int Ophthalmol 2021; 41:2817-2825. [PMID: 33842987 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-01838-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucoma-associated factors in children. METHODS A total of 4438 children aged 7-16 years (2321 boys and 2117 girls) were included in this study. Various ophthalmologic [IOP, central corneal thickness (CCT), etc.] and demographic (body mass index, etc.) parameters were evaluated. RESULTS IOP increased between the ages of 7 and 9 years, peaking at 9 years. IOP increased after reaching a trough at 11 years and subsequently stabilized after 14 years. Girls exhibited thinner CCT (534.28 ± 30.84 µm vs. 537.04 ± 31.33 µm, P = 0.003), thicker lens thickness (3.56 ± 0.21 mm vs. 3.54 ± 0.20 mm, P = 0.001), shorter axial length (22.91 ± 0.93 mm vs. 23.32 ± 0.89 mm, P < 0.001), shallower anterior chamber depth (2.92 ± 0.27 mm vs. 3.00 ± 0.26 mm, P < 0.001), higher refraction (- 0.57 ± 1.48 D vs. 0.16 ± 1.35 D, P < 0.001), and higher mean corneal curvature (43.77 ± 1.39 vs. 43.03 ± 1.35, P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis assessed the following IOP-associated factors: thicker CCT [standardized correlation coefficient (SRC) = 0.201, P < 0.001), deeper anterior chamber depth (SRC = 0.059, P = 0.009), shorter axial length (SRC = - 0.086, P = 0.036), lower mean corneal curvature (SRC = - 0.123, P < 0.001), higher refraction (SRC = - 0.090, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION IOP fluctuated in children, and a trend toward a higher mean IOP between the ages of 9 and 11 years, which stabilized after 14 years, was observed. IOP was associated with CCT, anterior chamber depth, axial length, lens thickness, mean corneal curvature, spherical equivalent, and systolic blood pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Han
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, No. 4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The 1St People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 157 Jinbi Road, Kunming, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, 157 Jinbi Road, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 176 Qingnian Road, Kunming, China
| | - Xinheng Zhao
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, No. 4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The 1St People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 157 Jinbi Road, Kunming, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, 157 Jinbi Road, Kunming, China
| | - Pinghui Wei
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, No. 4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, No. 4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China. .,Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Z, Li S, Liu R, Scheetz J, Xiao O, Zhang J, Wang D, Guo X, Jong M, Sankaridurg P, He M. Distribution of intraocular pressure and related risk factors in a highly myopic Chinese population: an observational, cross-sectional study. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 104:767-772. [PMID: 33689617 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2021.1878817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical relevance: Those with high myopia are more likely to have glaucoma compared to those without myopia and intraocular pressure was a key factor for developing glaucoma. Thus, investigating the distribution of intraocular pressure and associated factors among those with high myopia is of high importance.Background: The aim of this work is to investigate the distribution of intraocular pressure and the correlated risk factors in a highly myopic Chinese population.Methods: A total of 884 Chinese participants with bilateral high myopia (≤ -6.00 D spherical power) were included from the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center-Brien Holden Vision Institute High Myopia Cohort Study. All participants underwent a comprehensive ocular examination, including ocular biometry, cycloplegic refractometry, and intraocular pressure measurement with Goldmann applanation tonometry. Information on smoking and drinking status was also collected.Results: The mean spherical equivalence of left eyes was -10.02 ± 3.58 D with a mean axial length of 27.48 ± 1.55 mm. The overall mean intraocular pressure was 15.1 ± 2.4 mmHg (95% confidence interval, 15.0 to 15.3 mmHg). The intraocular pressure in the -6.00D to -7.99D spherical equivalence group, -8.00D to -9.99D spherical equivalence group, and ≤ -10.00 D group were 15.3 ± 2.4 mmHg, 15.1 ± 2.5 mmHg, and 15.0 ± 2.4 mmHg, respectively (p = 0.979). In multiple regression models, intraocular pressure in high myopes was not associated with spherical equivalence (p = 0.354) or axial length (p = 0.601), but significantly higher in those who were younger (non-standardised beta, -0.018; p = 0.007), smoked tobacco (non-standardised beta, 1.085; p = 0.001) and had greater central corneal thickness (non-standardised beta, 0.021; p < 0.001).Conclusion: Intraocular pressure was 15.1 ± 2.4 mmHg among subjects with a mean age of 22.8 years in this highly myopia Chinese population. These findings suggested that highly myopic Chinese persons of a younger age and greater central corneal thickness were more likely to have higher intraocular pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuhua Li
- Guangdong Province Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,New England College of Optometry, Boston, USA
| | - Jane Scheetz
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ou Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Decai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinxing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Monica Jong
- Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Mingguang He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yu B, Dai L, Chen J, Sun W, Chen J, Du L, Deng N, Chen D. Prenatal and neonatal factors for the development of childhood visual impairment in primary and middle school students: a cross-sectional survey in Guangzhou, China. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e032721. [PMID: 32912936 PMCID: PMC7482504 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this cross-sectional survey, we sought to determine the prevalence of and the influence of prenatal and neonatal factors on childhood visual impairment without correction (VIUC) in a paediatric population from Guangzhou, China. SETTING The health survey covered 11 administrative districts in Guangzhou, including 991 schools. PARTICIPANTS All of the primary and middle school students in Guangzhou were invited to complete an online questionnaire with the help of their parents. The results of physical examinations were reported by school medical departments. The results of the questionnaire were collected by the researchers. In total, 253 301 questionnaires were collected. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES The students' uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was examined by trained optometrists by standard logarithmic visual acuity charts. VIUC was defined by UCVA (of the better eye) (UCVA <6/12) with three levels: light VIUC (UCVA ≥6/18 to <6/12), mild VIUC (UCVA ≥6/60 to <6/18) and severe VIUC (UCVA <6/60). RESULTS A total of 39 768 individuals (15.7%) had VIUC, and the rate was much higher among grade 10 to 12 students (51.4%) than among grade 1 to 6 students (6.71%). The following factors were significantly associated with an increased risk of VIUC: female gender, high birth weight, formula feeding, not having siblings, higher level of parents' education, parental myopia, much homework time and little outdoor activity. Delivery mode was not associated with the risk of VIUC. CONCLUSIONS This study validates known major prenatal/genetic, perinatal and postnatal factors for childhood VIUC. In conclusion, prenatal and perinatal factors can affect the onset of childhood VIUC, but parental myopia and postnatal factors are the main factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bolan Yu
- BioResource Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Dai
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Sun
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingsi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Du
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nali Deng
- Health Promotion Centre for Primary and Secondary Schools of Guangzhou Municipality, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dunjin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Masoumpour MB, Nowroozzadeh MH, Talebnejad MR, Mahdaviazad H, Khalili MR, Keshtkar M, Mohammadi E, Tajbakhsh Z. Distribution of intraocular pressure in healthy Iranian children: the Shiraz Pediatric Eye Study. J AAPOS 2020; 24:155.e1-155.e6. [PMID: 32522705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2018.07.358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the mean and normal range of intraocular pressure (IOP) and its associations in healthy Iranian school children using the noncontact tonometer. METHODS In this cross-sectional study as part of the Shiraz Pediatric Eye Study, a stratified random sampling was performed among elementary school children of Shiraz, Iran. Basic demographics and socioeconomic status of households, past medical history, drug history, and eye health history were collected for each eligible student. Children underwent complete ophthalmic examination. Axial length, corneal curvature, and anterior chamber depth were measured using the IOL-Master 500. RESULTS Of 2,001 eligible children, 1,901 (95.0%; 3,802 eyes) with a mean age of 9.1 ± 1.6 years (standard deviation; range, 6-12 years) had reliable IOP. The mean spherical equivalent refraction was 0.5 ± 1.3 D for the right eye and 0.6 ± 1.2 D for the left eye. Mean IOP in the right eye was 15.1 ± 2.5 mm Hg (median, 15.0; range, 8.0-27.0 mm Hg); in the left eye, 15.2 ± 2.5 mm Hg (median, 15.0; range, 9.0-28.0 mm Hg). In multiple regression analyses, the mean IOP was significantly lower among asthmatic children compared to normal participants (P = 0.007). The measured IOP was significantly higher in myopic participants than hyperopic patients (P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS This study provides a useful normative IOP database using the noncontact tonometer for healthy Iranian school children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Hossein Nowroozzadeh
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | | | - Hamideh Mahdaviazad
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khalili
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Keshtkar
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elham Mohammadi
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Tajbakhsh
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Emamian MH, Hashemi H, Khabazkhoob M, Malihi S, Fotouhi A. Cohort Profile: Shahroud Schoolchildren Eye Cohort Study (SSCECS). Int J Epidemiol 2020; 48:27-27f. [PMID: 30534958 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hassan Emamian
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Hassan Hashemi
- Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khabazkhoob
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarvenaz Malihi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Akbar Fotouhi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Carr BJ, Mihara K, Ramachandran R, Saifeddine M, Nathanson NM, Stell WK, Hollenberg MD. Myopia-Inhibiting Concentrations of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists Block Activation of Alpha2A-Adrenoceptors In Vitro. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 59:2778-2791. [PMID: 29860464 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-22562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Myopia is a refractive disorder that degrades vision. It can be treated with atropine, a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist, but the mechanism is unknown. Atropine may block α-adrenoceptors at concentrations ≥0.1 mM, and another potent myopia-inhibiting ligand, mamba toxin-3 (MT3), binds equally well to human mAChR M4 and α1A- and α2A-adrenoceptors. We hypothesized that mAChR antagonists could inhibit myopia via α2A-adrenoceptors, rather than mAChR M4. Methods Human mAChR M4 (M4), chicken mAChR M4 (cM4), or human α2A-adrenergic receptor (hADRA2A) clones were cotransfected with CRE/promoter-luciferase (CRE-Luc; agonist-induced luminescence) and Renilla luciferase (RLuc; normalizing control) into human cells. Inhibition of normalized agonist-induced luminescence by antagonists (ATR: atropine; MT3; HIM: himbacine; PRZ: pirenzepine; TRP: tropicamide; OXY: oxyphenonium; QNB: 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate; DIC: dicyclomine; MEP: mepenzolate) was measured using the Dual-Glo Luciferase Assay System. Results Relative inhibitory potencies of mAChR antagonists at mAChR M4/cM4, from most to least potent, were QNB > OXY ≥ ATR > MEP > HIM > DIC > PRZ > TRP. MT3 was 56× less potent at cM4 than at M4. Relative potencies of mAChR antagonists at hADRA2A, from most to least potent, were MT3 > HIM > ATR > OXY > PRZ > TRP > QNB > MEP; DIC did not antagonize. Conclusions Muscarinic antagonists block hADRA2A signaling at concentrations comparable to those used to inhibit chick myopia (≥0.1 mM) in vivo. Relative potencies at hADRA2A, but not M4/cM4, correlate with reported abilities to inhibit chick form-deprivation myopia. mAChR antagonists might inhibit myopia via α2-adrenoceptors, instead of through the mAChR M4/cM4 receptor subtype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany J Carr
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Koichiro Mihara
- Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rithwik Ramachandran
- Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Saifeddine
- Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Neil M Nathanson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - William K Stell
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Morley D Hollenberg
- Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Early Intervention and Nonpharmacological Therapy of Myopia in Young Adults. J Ophthalmol 2018; 2018:4680603. [PMID: 29576878 PMCID: PMC5822817 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4680603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myopia is a condition of the eye where parallel rays focus in front of, instead of on, the retina, which results in excessive refractive power of the cornea or the lens or eyeball elongation. Studies carried out in recent years show that the etiology of myopia is complex with genetic and environmental factors playing a role. Refraction defects decrease the quality of vision, while progressing myopia can lead to partial loss of vision, which can be particularly dramatic in young adults. Therefore, it is so crucial to take appropriate actions aimed at preventing myopia progression. This is a review of nonpharmacological therapeutic possibilities of refraction defect prevention in young adults, with special regard to myofascial therapy, osteopathy, and massage of acupuncture points surrounding the eye.
Collapse
|