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Benarroch Y, Juttukonda L, Sabharwal V, Boateng J, Khan AR, Yarrington C, Wachman EM, Taglauer E. Differential Expression of Rab5 and Rab7 Small GTPase Proteins in Placental Tissues From Pregnancies Affected by Maternal Coronavirus Disease 2019. Clin Ther 2021; 43:308-318. [PMID: 33541739 PMCID: PMC7837084 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The majority of pregnancies affected by maternal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) do not result in fetal transmission. However, several studies have identified parenchymal changes in their placental tissues, suggesting a placental response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the maternal–fetal interface. Although many COVID-19 placental studies have focused on the expression of the canonical SARS-CoV-2 entry proteins angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2, further characterization of subcellular molecules involved in viral trafficking have not yet been investigated in these tissues. Of interest are Rab proteins, a family of small GTPase proteins that direct intracellular transport between different endocytic organelles. Rab5 and Rab7 in particular have previously been implicated in HIV and cytomegalovirus invasion of placental trophoblast cells in vitro; the localization of these molecules has not been fully characterized within the human maternal–fetal interface, however, or within placental tissues from SARS-CoV-2–infected pregnancies. Methods Using fluorescent immunohistochemistry, Rab5 and Rab7 placental localization and comparative fluorescence intensity were explored in a cohort of placental tissues from pregnancies affected by maternal COVID-19 disease (COVID, n = 15) compared with contemporary control subjects (Control, n = 10). Fluorescence intensity was quantified by using corrected total cell fluorescence values. Findings Within placental villi, Rab5 was consistently localized in syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast cells. Rab5 had significantly higher mean (SEM) fluorescence intensity in the COVID cohort (Control, 1.96 [0.16]; COVID, 2.62 [0.09]; P = 0.0014). In contrast, although Rab7 was also localized within placental villous syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast cells, mean (SEM) Rab7 fluorescence intensity was significantly downregulated in COVID vs Control placentas (Control, 35.9 [4.1]; COVID, 20.1 [0.52]; P = 0.0001). Implications This differential expression of Rab5 and Rab7 suggests that placental endocytic pathways may be altered at the maternal–fetal interface in pregnancies affected by maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. As key molecules governing intracellular vesicle transport, including viral trafficking, Rab GTPase proteins may be of interest for ongoing studies examining placental responses to COVID-19 in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lillian Juttukonda
- Boston Combined Residency Program in Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center and Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jeffery Boateng
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amir R Khan
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Elisha M Wachman
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Taglauer
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Leiva NL, Nolly MB, Ávila Maniero M, Losinno AD, Damiani MT. Rab Proteins: Insights into Intracellular Trafficking in Endometrium. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:12-22. [PMID: 32638281 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00256-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Rab proteins belong to the Ras superfamily of small monomeric GTPases. These G proteins are the main controllers of vesicular transport in every tissue, among them, the endometrium. They are in charge of to the functional subcellular compartmentalization and cargo transport between organelles and the plasma membrane. In turn, intracellular trafficking contributes to endometrial changes during the menstrual cycle, secretion to the uterine fluid, and trophoblast implantation; however, few reports analyze the role of Rab proteins in the uterus. In general, Rab proteins control the release of cytokines, growth factors, enzymes, hormones, cell adhesion molecules, and mucus. Further, the secretion of multiple compounds into the uterine cavity is required for successful implantation. Therefore, alterations in Rab-controlled intracellular transport likely impair secretory processes to the uterine fluid that may correlate with abnormal endometrial development and failed reproductive outcomes. Overall, they could explain recurrent miscarriages, female infertility, and/or assisted reproductive failure. Interestingly, estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P) regulate gene expression of Rab proteins involved in secretory pathways. This review aims to gather information regarding the role of Rab proteins and intracellular trafficking in the endometrium during the different menstrual phases, and in the generation of a receptive stage for embryo implantation, modulated by E2 and P. This knowledge might be useful for the development of novel reproductive therapies that overcome low implantation rates of assisted reproductive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L Leiva
- CONICET-UNCuyo-IMBECU, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Mariela B Nolly
- CONICET-UNCuyo-IMBECU, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Laboratorio de Bioquímica e Inmunidad, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Mariángeles Ávila Maniero
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Laboratorio de Bioquímica e Inmunidad, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Antonella D Losinno
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Laboratorio de Bioquímica e Inmunidad, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Maria Teresa Damiani
- CONICET-UNCuyo-IMBECU, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina. .,Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Laboratorio de Bioquímica e Inmunidad, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina. .,Instituto de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, IMBECU-CONICET-UNCuyo, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Centro Universitario, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.
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Xu Y, Yu J, Huang Z, Fu B, Tao Y, Qi X, Mou Y, Hu Y, Wang Y, Cao Y, Jiang D, Xie J, Xu Y, Zhao J, Xiong W. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0000326 acts as a miR-338-3p sponge to facilitate lung adenocarcinoma progression. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:57. [PMID: 32248836 PMCID: PMC7132982 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01556-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the transcriptional or posttranscriptional level. According to recent studies, circRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of cancer, but the roles of circRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma are largely unknown. Methods In this study, we identified a novel upregulated circRNA, hsa_circ_0000326, in human lung adenocarcinoma tissues using microarray analysis and qRT-PCR. We then explored the biological role of hsa_circ_0000326 using gain- and loss-of-function assays in adenocarcinoma cells. Bioinformatics databases were used to screen for potential target miRNAs and the luciferase reporter assays and RNA-FISH further validated the interaction. Downstream protein was detected by western blot. Finally, we established xenografts in nude mice to assess the function of hsa_circ_0000326 in vivo. Results We found that high expression of hsa_circ_0000326 was correlated with tumor size, regional lymph node status and differentiation in human lung adenocarcinoma. Additionally, we conducted gain- and loss-of-function assays and found that hsa_circ_0000326 acted as a positive regulator of cell proliferation and migration and a negative regulator of apoptosis. Mechanistic studies showed that hsa_circ_0000326 acted as a miR-338-3p sponge and altered the function of miR-338-3p, which in turn upregulated the expression of the downstream target RAB14 and affected the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Conclusions Collectively, our study results reveal crucial roles for hsa_circ_0000326 in the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma cells and suggest that hsa_circ_0000326 may represent a potential therapeutic target in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences & Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Department of Respiratory, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenli Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences & Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Bohua Fu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences & Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Tao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences & Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xuefei Qi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences & Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yong Mou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences & Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yinan Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences & Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences & Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences & Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dingsheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jungang Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences & Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yongjian Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences & Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences & Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Weining Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences & Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Lu, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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