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Tian H, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Xia Z. Abnormalities of glucose and lipid metabolism in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114827. [PMID: 37141734 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury is a common condition in cardiovascular diseases, and the mechanism of its occurrence involves multiple complex metabolic pathways and signaling pathways. Among these pathways, glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism play important roles in regulating myocardial energy metabolism. Therefore, this article focuses on the roles of glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, including glycolysis, glucose uptake and transport, glycogen metabolism and the pentose phosphate pathway; and triglyceride metabolism, fatty acid uptake and transport, phospholipid metabolism, lipoprotein metabolism, and cholesterol metabolism. Finally, due to the different alterations and development of glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, there are also complex interregulatory relationships between them. In the future, modulating the equilibrium between glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in cardiomyocytes and ameliorating aberrations in myocardial energy metabolism represent highly promising novel strategies for addressing myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, a comprehensive exploration of glycolipid metabolism can offer novel theoretical and clinical insights into the prevention and treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Zhongyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China.
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2
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Jafarynezhad F, Shahbazian M, Farhadi Z, Yadeghari M, Rezvani ME, Safari F, Azizian H. The G-Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor Agonist Prevents Cardiac Lipid Accumulation by Stimulating Cardiac Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α: A Preclinical Study in Ovariectomized-Diabetic Rat Model. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2022; 20:e123560. [PMID: 36407026 PMCID: PMC9661540 DOI: 10.5812/ijem-123560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cardiometabolic changes, and menopause exacerbates these conditions, leading to a greater risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), which mediates the rapid effects of estrogen, has beneficial cardiac effects in both T2DM and menopause, but its mechanism of action is not well understood. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine whether G1 as a selective GPER-agonist has beneficial effects on cardiac lipid metabolism in ovariectomized rats with T2DM. METHODS Female Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 7 in each group): Sham-control (Sh-Ctl), T2DM, ovariectomized-T2DM (OVX-T2DM), OVX-T2DM-G1 (GPER-agonist), and OVX-T2DM-vehicle (OVX-T2DM-Veh). After stabilization of T2DM, G1 (200 μg/Kg) was administrated for 6 weeks. Then, the levels of free fatty acids (FFAs), CD36, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), and lipid accumulation in the cardiac tissue were determined. RESULTS Compared with the Sh-Ctl group, cardiac FFAs (P < 0.001), CD36 (P < 0.05), and lipid accumulation (P < 0.001) increased, and cardiac PPARα (P < 0.01) decreased in T2DM animals; ovariectomy intensified these changes. Also, cardiac FFAs, PPARα, and lipid accumulation (P < 0.05) significantly decreased in the OVX-T2DM-G1 group compared to the OVX-T2DM-Veh group. However, cardiac CD36 levels did not change. CONCLUSIONS G1 as a selective GPER-agonist affects lipid metabolism in T2DM animals. It also plays a vital role in improving cardiac metabolism during postmenopausal diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Jafarynezhad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shahbazian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Zeinab Farhadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Yadeghari
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ebrahim Rezvani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Safari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Azizian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Yang H, Shao N, Holmström A, Zhao X, Chour T, Chen H, Itzhaki I, Wu H, Ameen M, Cunningham NJ, Tu C, Zhao MT, Tarantal AF, Abilez OJ, Wu JC. Transcriptome analysis of non human primate-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in 2D monolayer culture vs. 3D engineered heart tissue. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:2125-2136. [PMID: 33002105 PMCID: PMC8318103 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Stem cell therapy has shown promise for treating myocardial infarction via re-muscularization and paracrine signalling in both small and large animals. Non-human primates (NHPs), such as rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), are primarily utilized in preclinical trials due to their similarity to humans, both genetically and physiologically. Currently, induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) are delivered into the infarcted myocardium by either direct cell injection or an engineered tissue patch. Although both approaches have advantages in terms of sample preparation, cell-host interaction, and engraftment, how the iPSC-CMs respond to ischaemic conditions in the infarcted heart under these two different delivery approaches remains unclear. Here, we aim to gain a better understanding of the effects of hypoxia on iPSC-CMs at the transcriptome level. METHODS AND RESULTS NHP iPSC-CMs in both monolayer culture (2D) and engineered heart tissue (EHT) (3D) format were exposed to hypoxic conditions to serve as surrogates of direct cell injection and tissue implantation in vivo, respectively. Outcomes were compared at the transcriptome level. We found the 3D EHT model was more sensitive to ischaemic conditions and similar to the native in vivo myocardium in terms of cell-extracellular matrix/cell-cell interactions, energy metabolism, and paracrine signalling. CONCLUSION By exposing NHP iPSC-CMs to different culture conditions, transcriptome profiling improves our understanding of the mechanism of ischaemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxiao Yang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 390 N. Elm Street K240B, Denton, TX 76207-7102, USA
| | - Ningyi Shao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
| | - Alexandra Holmström
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
| | - Xin Zhao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
| | - Tony Chour
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
| | - Haodong Chen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
| | - Ilanit Itzhaki
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
| | - Haodi Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
| | - Mohamed Ameen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
| | - Nathan J Cunningham
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
| | - Chengyi Tu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
| | - Ming-Tao Zhao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
| | - Alice F Tarantal
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8542, USA
- Department Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8542, USA
- California National Primate Research Center, UC Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8542, USA
| | - Oscar J Abilez
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive G1120B, Stanford, CA 94305-5454, USA
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Abstract
Cardiovascular pathologies are often induced by inflammation. The associated changes in the inflammatory response influence vascular endothelial biology; they complicate the extent of ischaemia and reperfusion injury, direct the migration of immune competent cells and activate platelets. The initiation and progression of inflammation is regulated by the classical paradigm through the system of cytokines and chemokines. Therapeutic approaches have previously used this knowledge to control the extent of cardiovascular changes with varying degrees of success. Neuronal guidance proteins (NGPs) have emerged in recent years and have been shown to be significantly involved in the control of tissue inflammation and the mechanisms of immune cell activation. Therefore, proteins of this class might be used in the future as targets to control the extent of inflammation in the cardiovascular system. In this review, we describe the role of NGPs during cardiovascular inflammation and highlight potential therapeutic options that could be explored in the future.
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The Protective Effect of Anthocyanins Extracted from Aronia Melanocarpa Berry in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:7372893. [PMID: 33551679 PMCID: PMC7846408 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7372893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous research showed the antioxidant activity of anthocyanins extracted from Aronia melanocarpa of black chokeberry in vitro. Ischemia acute kidney injury is a significant risk in developing progressive and deterioration of renal function leading to clinic chronic kidney disease. There were many attempts to protect the kidney against this progression of renal damage. Current study was designed to examine the effect of pretreatment with three anthocyanins named cyanidin-3-arabinoside, cyanidin-3-glucodise, and cyaniding-3-galactoside against acute ischemia-reperfusion injury in mouse kidney. Methods Acute renal injury model was initiated by 30 min clamping bilateral renal pedicle and followed by 24-hour reperfusion in C57Bl/6J mice. Four groups of mice were orally pretreated in 50 mg/g/12 h for two weeks with cyanidin-3-arabinoside, cyanidin-3-glucodise, and cyaniding-3-galactoside and anthocyanins (three-cyanidin mixture), respectively, sham-control group and the renal injury-untreated groups only with saline. Results The model resulted in renal dysfunction with high serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and changes in proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-ɑ, IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1), renal oxidative stress (SOD, GSH, and CAT), lipid peroxidation (TBARS and MDA), and apoptosis (caspase-9). Pretreatment of two weeks resulted in different extent amelioration of renal dysfunction and tubular damage and suppression of proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis, thus suggesting that cyanidins are potentially effective in acute renal ischemia by the decrease of inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation, as well as apoptosis. Conclusion the current study provided the first attempt to investigate the role of anthocyanins purified from Aronia melanocarpa berry in amelioration of acute renal failure via antioxidant and cytoprotective effects.
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Liang Q, Huang X, Zeng C, Li D, Shi Y, Zhao G, Zhong M. BW373U86 upregulates autophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway and regulating the mTOR pathway to protect cardiomyocytes from hypoxia-reoxygenation injury. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 98:684-690. [PMID: 32955950 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the protective effect of BW373U86 (a δ-opioid receptor (DOR) agonist) on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat cardiomyocytes and its underlying mechanism. Primary rat cardiomyocytes were cultured and pretreated with BW373U86 for intervention. The cardiomyocytes were cultured under the condition of 94% N2 and 5% CO2 for 24 h to perform hypoxia culture and conventionally cultured for 12 h to perform reoxygenation culture. The cell viability of cardiomyocytes was detected by an MTT assay (Sigma-Aldrich). The autophagy lysosome levels in cardiomyocytes were evaluated by acidic vesicular organelles with dansylcadaverine (MDC) staining (autophagy test kit, Kaiji Biology, kgatg001). The protein expression levels of LC3, p62, and factors in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway were detected by Western blot. Pretreatment with BW373U86 could improve the cell viability of cardiomyocytes with hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury (p < 0.05). Interestingly, after coculture of BW373U86 and PI3K inhibitor (3-methyladenine), the protein expression levels of p-Akt in cardiomyocytes were markedly increased in comparison with those in the BW373U86 group (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the protein expression levels of mTOR between the coculture group and the BW373U86 group (p > 0.05). BW373U86 upregulated autophagy to protect cardiomyocytes from H/R injury, which may be related to the PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyi Liang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Huang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaokun Zeng
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dewei Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyong Shi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaofeng Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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EphrinA1-Fc Attenuates Ventricular Remodeling and Dysfunction in Chronically Nonreperfused WT but not EphA2-R-M mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165811. [PMID: 32823610 PMCID: PMC7461052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: EphrinA1-Fc abolishes acute I/R injury and attenuates nonreperfused cardiac injury 4 days after permanent occlusion in mice. The goal of this study was to assess the capacity of a single intramyocardial administration of ephrinA1-Fc at the time of coronary artery ligation, to determine the degree to which early salvage effects translate to reduced adverse remodeling after 4 weeks of nonreperfused myocardial infarction (MI) in wild-type B6 and EphA2-R-M (EphA2 receptor null) mice. Methods: At 4 weeks post-MI, echocardiography, histologic and immunohistochemical analyses of B6 mouse hearts were performed. Primary mouse cardiac fibroblasts (FBs) isolated from B6 mice cultured in the presence of low and high dose ephrinA1-Fc, both with and without pro-fibrotic TGF-β stimulation and Western blots, were probed for relative expression of remodeling proteins MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1, in addition to DDR2 and (p)SMAD2/3/totalSMAD2/3. Results: EphrinA1-Fc preserved a significant degree of contractile function, decreased adverse left ventricular remodeling, attenuated excessive compensatory hypertrophy, and decreased interstitial fibrosis in wild-type (WT) B6 mouse hearts. In contrast, most of these parameters were poorer in ephrinA1-Fc-treated EphA2-R-M mice. Of note, fibrosis was proportionately decreased, implying that other EphA receptor(s) are more important in regulating the pro-fibrotic response. Primary FBs showed disparate alteration of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1, as well as DDR2 and p-SMAD2/3/totalSMAD2/3, which indicates that matrix remodeling and cardiac fibrosis in the injured heart are influenced by ephrinA1-Fc. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the capacity of a single administration of ephrinA1-Fc at the onset of injury to attenuate long-term nonreperfused post-MI ventricular remodeling that results in progressive heart failure, and the important role of EphA2 in mitigating the deleterious effects.
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Harnessing the Power of Eph/ephrin Biosemiotics for Theranostic Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13060112. [PMID: 32492868 PMCID: PMC7345574 DOI: 10.3390/ph13060112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive basic biological knowledge of the Eph/ephrin system in the physiologic setting is needed to facilitate an understanding of its role and the effects of pathological processes on its activity, thereby paving the way for development of prospective therapeutic targets. To this end, this review briefly addresses what is currently known and being investigated in order to highlight the gaps and possible avenues for further investigation to capitalize on their diverse potential.
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Hu X, Liu B, Wu P, Lang Y, Li T. LncRNA Oprm1 overexpression attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by increasing endogenous hydrogen sulfide via Oprm1/miR-30b-5p/CSE axis. Life Sci 2020; 254:117699. [PMID: 32437793 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury largely limits the efficacy of revascularization in acute myocardial infarction. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) Oprm1 is protective in cerebral I/R injury. This study aimed to investigate the effect of lncRNA Oprm1 on myocardial I/R injury and its mechanism. MAIN METHODS We ligated and then released the left anterior descending coronary artery of adult male rats to build the I/R model in vivo. At the same time, an H9c2 cardiomyocytes hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) model was also used. Myocardial infarction area, cardiac function, histology, TUNEL staining, cell viability, and vital protein expression was conducted and compared. KEY FINDINGS LncRNA Oprm1 was significantly down-regulated in the I/R injury model. When administered with the AAV9-Oprm1 vector, the myocardial injury and cardiac function were mitigated and preserved, with apoptosis reduced. The cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) expression and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) expression were increased. The dual-luciferase reporter gene revealed the targeted relationship between lncRNA Oprm1 and miR-30b-5p. In H9c2 cardiomyocytes models, the miR-30b-5p blocked the protective effect of lncRNA Oprm1 on H/R injury, when Bcl-2, Bcl-xl was down-regulated, and HIF-1α, Bnip-3, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9 up-regulated. SIGNIFICANCE LncRNA Oprm1can competitively combines with miR-30b-5p, which down-regulates the expression of CSE. When administered with lncRNA Oprm1, increased endogenous H2S can reduce apoptosis and protect the myocardium from I/R injury via activating PI3K/Akt pathway and inhibiting HIF1-α activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Hu
- The Heart Center of Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Bojiang Liu
- The Heart Center of Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Peng Wu
- The Heart Center of Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Yuheng Lang
- The Heart Center of Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Tong Li
- The Heart Center of Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China.
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10
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Torres MJ, McLaughlin KL, Renegar RH, Valsaraj S, Whitehurst KS, Sharaf OM, Sharma UM, Horton JL, Sarathy B, Parks JC, Brault JJ, Fisher-Wellman KH, Neufer PD, Virag JAI. Intracardiac administration of ephrinA1-Fc preserves mitochondrial bioenergetics during acute ischemia/reperfusion injury. Life Sci 2019; 239:117053. [PMID: 31733316 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Intracardiac injection of recombinant EphrinA1-Fc immediately following coronary artery ligation in mice reduces infarct size in both reperfused and non-reperfused myocardium, but the cellular alterations behind this phenomenon remain unknown. MAIN METHODS Herein, 10 wk-old B6129SF2/J male mice were exposed to acute ischemia/reperfusion (30minI/24hrsR) injury immediately followed by intracardiac injection of either EphrinA1-Fc or IgG-Fc. After 24 h of reperfusion, sections of the infarct margin in the left ventricle were imaged via transmission electron microscopy, and mitochondrial function was assessed in both permeabilized fibers and isolated mitochondria, to examine mitochondrial structure, function, and energetics in the early stages of repair. KEY FINDINGS At a structural level, EphrinA1-Fc administration prevented the I/R-induced loss of sarcomere alignment and mitochondrial organization along the Z disks, as well as disorganization of the cristae and loss of inter-mitochondrial junctions. With respect to bioenergetics, loss of respiratory function induced by I/R was prevented by EphrinA1-Fc. Preservation of cardiac bioenergetics was not due to changes in mitochondrial JH2O2 emitting potential, membrane potential, ADP affinity, efficiency of ATP production, or activity of the main dehydrogenase enzymes, suggesting that EphrinA1-Fc indirectly maintains respiratory function via preservation of the mitochondrial network. Moreover, these protective effects were lost in isolated mitochondria, further emphasizing the importance of the intact cardiomyocyte ultrastructure in mitochondrial energetics. SIGNIFICANCE Collectively, these data suggest that intracardiac injection of EphrinA1-Fc protects cardiac function by preserving cardiomyocyte structure and mitochondrial bioenergetics, thus emerging as a potential therapeutic strategy in I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Torres
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Kelsey L McLaughlin
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA; Dept of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Randall H Renegar
- Dept of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Smrithi Valsaraj
- Dept of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - K'Shylah S Whitehurst
- Dept of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Omar M Sharaf
- Dept of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Uma M Sharma
- Dept of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Julie L Horton
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA; Dept of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Brinda Sarathy
- Dept of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Justin C Parks
- Dept of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Brault
- Dept of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA; Dept of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Kelsey H Fisher-Wellman
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA; Dept of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - P Darrell Neufer
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA; Dept of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Jitka A I Virag
- Dept of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA.
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11
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Wu D, Zhang K, Hu P. The Role of Autophagy in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:551. [PMID: 31214022 PMCID: PMC6554699 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction refers to a sudden death of cardiomyocytes, which leads to a large mortality worldwide. To attenuate acute myocardial infarction, strategies should be made to increase cardiomyocyte survival, improve postinfarcted cardiac function, and reverse the process of cardiac remodeling. Autophagy, a pivotal cellular response, has been widely studied and is known to be involved in various kinds of diseases. In the recent few years, the role of autophagy in diseases has been drawn increasing attention to by researchers. Here in this review, we mainly focus on the discussion of the effect of autophagy on the pathogenesis and progression of acute myocardial infarction under ischemic and ischemia/reperfusion injuries. Furthermore, several popular therapeutic agents and strategies taking advantage of autophagy will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The WuYun Mountain Sanatorium of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kangfeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The WuYun Mountain Sanatorium of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Horton JL, Virag J. Use of Multifactorial Treatments to Address the Challenge of Translating Experimental Myocardial Infarct Reduction Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061449. [PMID: 30909376 PMCID: PMC6471438 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial tissue damage that occurs during an ischemic event leads to a spiraling deterioration of cardiac muscle structural and functional integrity. Reperfusion is the only known efficacious strategy and is the most commonly used treatment to reduce injury and prevent remodeling. However, timing is critical, and the procedure is not always feasible for a variety of reasons. The complex molecular basis for cardioprotection has been studied for decades but formulation of a viable therapeutic that can significantly attenuate myocardial injury remains elusive. In this review, we address barriers to the development of a fruitful approach that will substantially improve the prognosis of those suffering from this widespread and largely unmitigated disease. Furthermore, we proffer that ephrinA1, a candidate molecule that satisfies many of the important criteria discussed, possesses robust potential to overcome these hurdles and thus offers protection that surpasses the limitations currently observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jitka Virag
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, 600 Moye Blvd, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
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13
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Zeng C, Jiang W, Zheng R, He C, Li J, Xing J. Cardioprotection of tilianin ameliorates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: Role of the apoptotic signaling pathway. PLoS One 2018. [PMID: 29538428 PMCID: PMC5851616 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous research demonstrated that tilianin protects the myocardium in a myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) rat model and has prominent pharmacological potential as a cardiovascular drug. Our study aimed to investigate the molecular signaling implicated in the improvement of myocardial survival induced by tilianin, a flavonoid antioxidant. Tilianin (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg/d) or saline was orally administered to rats for 14 days. On the 15th day, ischemia was induced by ligating the left anterior descending artery for 45 min, followed by 4 h of reperfusion. The levels of MIRI-induced serum myocardial enzymes and cardiomyocyte apoptosis as well as infarct size were examined to assess the cardioprotective effects. Cardiac tissues were collected for western blot analyses to determine the protein expression of anti-apoptotic signaling molecules. In MIRI-treated rats, our results revealed that pre-administration of high dose-tilianin the reduced release of LDH, MDA, and CK-MB and increased the plasma SOD level, and significantly attenuated the infarct size. Western blot analysis showed that a remarkable rise in expression of Bcl-2 and XIAP, and decline in expression of Bax, Smac/Diablo, HtrA2/Omi, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-7 and caspase-9 was observed in the myocardium. The apoptosis index of cardiomyocytes further supports the cardioprotective effect of tilianin. Additionally, compared with the MIRI model group, pretreatment with high dose-tilianin group upregulated phosphorylated Akt and PI3K. In contrast, using the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 to block Akt activation effectively inhibited the protective effects of tilianin against MIRI. Tilianin pretreatment was beneficial for activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and inhibiting myocardial apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
- Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, Xinjiang P.R. China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - Ruifang Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
- Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, Xinjiang P.R. China
| | - Chenghui He
- Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, Xinjiang P.R. China
| | - Jianguang Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (Jianguang Li); (Jianguo Xing)
| | - Jianguo Xing
- Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, Xinjiang P.R. China
- * E-mail: (Jianguang Li); (Jianguo Xing)
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