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Dong G, Xu S, Shi S. De Novo Biosynthesis of Free Vaccenic Acid with a Low Content of Oleic Acid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:16204-16211. [PMID: 37856078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Omega-7 (ω-7) fatty acids have potential application in the fields of nutraceutical, agricultural, and food industry. The natural ω-7 fatty acids are currently from plants or vegetable oils, which are unsustainable and limited by the availability of plant sources. Here, we developed an innovative biosynthetic route to produce vaccenic acid (C18:1 ω-7) while minimizing oleic acid (C18:1 ω-9) content in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We have engineered S. cerevisiaeto produce C18:1 ω-7 by expressing a fatty acid elongase from Rattus norvegicus. To reduce the content of C18:1 ω-9, the endogenous desaturase Ole1 was replaced by the desaturase, which has specific activity on palmitoyl-coenzyme A (C16:0-CoA). Finally, the production of free C18:1 ω-7 was improved by optimizing the source of cytochrome b5 and overexpressing endoplasmic reticulum chaperones. After combining these strategies, the yield of C18:1 ω-7 was increased from 0 to 9.3 mg/g DCW and C18:1 ω-9 was decreased from 25.2 mg/g DCW to 1.6 mg/g DCW. This work shows a de novo synthetic pathway to produce the highest amount of free C18:1 ω-7 with a low content of C18:1 ω-9 in S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genlai Dong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shijie Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shuobo Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, North Third Ring Road 15, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
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Sagun JV, Yadav UP, Alonso AP. Progress in understanding and improving oil content and quality in seeds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1116894. [PMID: 36778708 PMCID: PMC9909563 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1116894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The world's population is projected to increase by two billion by 2050, resulting in food and energy insecurity. Oilseed crops have been identified as key to address these challenges: they produce and store lipids in the seeds as triacylglycerols that can serve as a source of food/feed, renewable fuels, and other industrially-relevant chemicals. Therefore, improving seed oil content and composition has generated immense interest. Research efforts aiming to unravel the regulatory pathways involved in fatty acid synthesis and to identify targets for metabolic engineering have made tremendous progress. This review provides a summary of the current knowledge of oil metabolism and discusses how photochemical activity and unconventional pathways can contribute to high carbon conversion efficiency in seeds. It also highlights the importance of 13C-metabolic flux analysis as a tool to gain insights on the pathways that regulate oil biosynthesis in seeds. Finally, a list of key genes and regulators that have been recently targeted to enhance seed oil production are reviewed and additional possible targets in the metabolic pathways are proposed to achieve desirable oil content and quality.
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3
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Bioinformatic approach for the identification of plant species that accumulate palmitoleic acid. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Zhang H, Rutherford S, Qi S, Huang P, Dai Z, Du D. Transcriptome profiling of Arabidopsis thaliana roots in response to allelopathic effects of Conyza canadensis. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:53-63. [PMID: 34647200 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying allelopathy and their role in the interactions between invasive weeds and native species remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the physiological and molecular response of plant roots of a native species to allelopathy from an invasive weed. We examined the growth and development of roots of native Arabidopsis thaliana for a 2-week period after being treated with aqueous extracts at different concentrations from invasive Conyza canadensis. Extracts with higher concentration in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) media (i.e., 4 mg of extract/mL of MS) significantly affected the root growth of A. thaliana. Roots of A. thaliana displayed weakened root tip activity and an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to extracts from C. canadensis. The transcriptome analysis of A. thaliana roots exposed to phytotoxicity revealed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in cell wall formation, abiotic stress, transporter genes and signal transduction. We found that genes associated with nutrient transport, such as major facilitator superfamily (MFS) and amino acid permease (AAP3) transporters as well as genes involved in stress response, including leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinases (LRR-RLKs) were down-regulated. In addition, we found that many transcription factors associated with plant stress (such as APETALA2/ethylene response factors) were up-regulated while others (e.g., zinc-finger proteins) were down-regulated. Allelochemicals from C. canadensis also induced the up-regulation of detoxification (DTX) genes, ROS related genes, calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) and calmodulin. Overall, our findings provided insights into allelopathy in C. canadensis at the molecular level, and contributes to our understanding of invasion mechanisms of alien plant species. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: This study does not contain any studies with clinical trials performed by any of the authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
- Changzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Puqian Street 149, Changzhou, 213000, PR China
| | - Susan Rutherford
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
- The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, MrsMacquaries Road, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia
| | - Shanshan Qi
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Ping Huang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Zhicong Dai
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China.
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China.
| | - Daolin Du
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China.
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, PR China.
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Plant monounsaturated fatty acids: Diversity, biosynthesis, functions and uses. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 85:101138. [PMID: 34774919 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Monounsaturated fatty acids are straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acids comprising a unique carbon‑carbon double bond, also termed unsaturation. More than 50 distinct molecular structures have been described in the plant kingdom, and more remain to be discovered. The evolution of land plants has apparently resulted in the convergent evolution of non-homologous enzymes catalyzing the dehydrogenation of saturated acyl chain substrates in a chemo-, regio- and stereoselective manner. Contrasted enzymatic characteristics and different subcellular localizations of these desaturases account for the diversity of existing fatty acid structures. Interestingly, the location and geometrical configuration of the unsaturation confer specific characteristics to these molecules found in a variety of membrane, storage, and surface lipids. An ongoing research effort aimed at exploring the links existing between fatty acid structures and their biological functions has already unraveled the importance of several monounsaturated fatty acids in various physiological and developmental contexts. What is more, the monounsaturated acyl chains found in the oils of seeds and fruits are widely and increasingly used in the food and chemical industries due to the physicochemical properties inherent in their structures. Breeders and plant biotechnologists therefore develop new crops with high monounsaturated contents for various agro-industrial purposes.
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Song G, Wang Q, Zhang M, Yang H, Xie H, Zhao Q, Zhu Q, Zhang X, Wang H, Wang P, Shen Q. Real-Time In Situ Screening of Omega-7 Phospholipids in Marine Biological Resources Using an iKnife-Rapid-Evaporative-Ionization-Mass-Spectrometry-Based Lipidomics Phenotype. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9004-9011. [PMID: 33435687 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Omega-7 (n-7) phospholipids were bioactive substances in marine animals. In this study, a fast lipidomics phenotyping approach for real-time in situ screening of n-7 phospholipids in five kinds of economic seafood, salmon, prawn, bluefin tuna, hairtail, and butterfish, was established using iKnife rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS). The n-7 phospholipids were structurally characterized and quantitatively analyzed, and the profiles were statistically analyzed by multivariate recognition analysis. It indicated that the difference of n-7 phospholipids in seafood samples was significant (p < 0.05), with R2(cum) and Q2(cum) values of >0.9. The proportion of n-7 phospholipids in salmon was the highest (20.43%), followed by bluefin tuna, prawn, hairtail, and butterfish. The ions of m/z 742.54 (PC 16:1-18:1), 768.55 (PC 16:1-20:2), 697.48 (PE 16:1-18:1), and 699.48 (PE 16:1-18:0) were the main n-7 phospholipids. The effectiveness of iKnife REIMS was further verified by hydrophilic interaction chromatography mass spectrometry and gas chromatography. The results demonstrated that proposed iKnife REIMS was an excellent technique for front-line screening of n-7 phospholipids in a large variety of marine biological resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongshuai Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingcheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Yuhang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yuhang, Zhejiang 311106, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengna Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Yang
- College of Standardization, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Hujun Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoling Zhao
- Zhoushan Institute of Calibration and Testing for Quality and Technical Supervision, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinchao Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodi Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghai Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingya Wang
- Zhoushan Institute of Calibration and Testing for Quality and Technical Supervision, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Shen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, People's Republic of China
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Miray R, Kazaz S, To A, Baud S. Molecular Control of Oil Metabolism in the Endosperm of Seeds. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1621. [PMID: 33562710 PMCID: PMC7915183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In angiosperm seeds, the endosperm develops to varying degrees and accumulates different types of storage compounds remobilized by the seedling during early post-germinative growth. Whereas the molecular mechanisms controlling the metabolism of starch and seed-storage proteins in the endosperm of cereal grains are relatively well characterized, the regulation of oil metabolism in the endosperm of developing and germinating oilseeds has received particular attention only more recently, thanks to the emergence and continuous improvement of analytical techniques allowing the evaluation, within a spatial context, of gene activity on one side, and lipid metabolism on the other side. These studies represent a fundamental step toward the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms governing oil metabolism in this particular tissue. In particular, they highlight the importance of endosperm-specific transcriptional controls for determining original oil compositions usually observed in this tissue. In the light of this research, the biological functions of oils stored in the endosperm of seeds then appear to be more diverse than simply constituting a source of carbon made available for the germinating seedling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sébastien Baud
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (R.M.); (S.K.); (A.T.)
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Xiao S, Li HO, Xu MW, Huang K, Luo ZF, Xiao LT. A high-throughput method for profiling fatty acids in plant seeds based on one-step acid-catalyzed methylation followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.1954552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Hai-ou Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Meng-wei Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ke Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhou-fei Luo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Lang-tao Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
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Ding J, Ruan C, Du W, Guan Y. RNA-seq data reveals a coordinated regulation mechanism of multigenes involved in the high accumulation of palmitoleic acid and oil in sea buckthorn berry pulp. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:207. [PMID: 31109294 PMCID: PMC6528223 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1815-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sea buckthorn is a woody oil crop in which palmitoleic acid (C16:1n7, an omega-7 fatty acid (FA)) contributes approximately 40% of the total FA content in berry pulp (non-seed tissue). However, the molecular mechanisms contributing to the high accumulation of C16:1n7 in developing sea buckthorn berry pulp (SBP) remain poorly understood. RESULTS We identified 1737 unigenes associated with lipid metabolism through RNA-sequencing analysis of the four developmental stages of berry pulp in two sea buckthorn lines, 'Za56' and 'TF2-36'; 139 differentially expressed genes were detected between the different berry pulp developmental stages in the two lines. Analyses of the FA composition showed that the C16:1n7 contents were significantly higher in line 'Za56' than in line 'TF2-36' in the mid-late developmental stages of SBP. Additionally, qRT-PCR analyses of 15 genes involved in FA and triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis in both lines revealed that delta9-ACP-desaturase (ACP-Δ9D) competed with 3-ketoacyl-ACP-synthase II (KASII) for the substrate C16:0-ACP and that ACP-Δ9D and delta9-CoA-desaturase (CoA-Δ9D) gene expression positively correlated with C16:1n7 content; KASII and fatty acid elongation 1 (FAE1) gene expression positively correlated with C18:0 content in developing SBP. Specifically, the abundance of ACP-Δ9D and CoA-Δ9D transcripts in line 'Za56', which had a higher C16:1n7 content than line 'TF2-36', suggests that these two genes play an important role in C16:1n7 biosynthesis. Furthermore, the high expressions of the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD1) gene and the WRINKLED1 (WRI1) transcription factor contributed to increased biosynthesis of TAG precursor and FAs, respectively, in the early developmental stages of SBP, and the high expression of the diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) gene increased TAG assembly in the later developmental stages of SBP. Overall, we concluded that increased ACP-Δ9D and CoA-Δ9D levels coupled with decreased KASII and FAE1 activity is a critical event for high C16:1n7 accumulation and that the coordinated high expression of WRI1, GPD1, and DGAT1 genes resulted in high oil accumulation in SBP. CONCLUSION Our results provide a scientific basis for understanding the mechanism of high C16:1n7 accumulation in berry pulp (non-seed tissue) and are valuable to the genetic breeding programme for achieving a high quality and yield of SBP oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ding
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian, 116600 Liaoning China
| | - Chengjiang Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian, 116600 Liaoning China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian, 116600 Liaoning China
| | - Ying Guan
- Institute of Berries, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 5 Fansheng Street, Suiling, Heilongjiang, 152230 China
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Lepiniec L, Devic M, Roscoe TJ, Bouyer D, Zhou DX, Boulard C, Baud S, Dubreucq B. Molecular and epigenetic regulations and functions of the LAFL transcriptional regulators that control seed development. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2018; 31:291-307. [PMID: 29797091 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-018-0337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The LAFL (i.e. LEC1, ABI3, FUS3, and LEC2) master transcriptional regulators interact to form different complexes that induce embryo development and maturation, and inhibit seed germination and vegetative growth in Arabidopsis. Orthologous genes involved in similar regulatory processes have been described in various angiosperms including important crop species. Consistent with a prominent role of the LAFL regulators in triggering and maintaining embryonic cell fate, their expression appears finely tuned in different tissues during seed development and tightly repressed in vegetative tissues by a surprisingly high number of genetic and epigenetic factors. Partial functional redundancies and intricate feedback regulations of the LAFL have hampered the elucidation of the underpinning molecular mechanisms. Nevertheless, genetic, genomic, cellular, molecular, and biochemical analyses implemented during the last years have greatly improved our knowledge of the LALF network. Here we summarize and discuss recent progress, together with current issues required to gain a comprehensive insight into the network, including the emerging function of LEC1 and possibly LEC2 as pioneer transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lepiniec
- IJPB (Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin), INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026, Versailles, France.
| | - M Devic
- Régulations Epigénétiques et Développement de la Graine, ERL 5300 CNRS-IRD UMR DIADE, IRD centre de Montpellier, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier, France
- Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06) & Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique CNRS UMR 7621, 66650, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - T J Roscoe
- Régulations Epigénétiques et Développement de la Graine, ERL 5300 CNRS-IRD UMR DIADE, IRD centre de Montpellier, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier, France
- Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 06) & Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique CNRS UMR 7621, 66650, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - D Bouyer
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS, CNRS UMR8197, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75230, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - D-X Zhou
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris Sud 11, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - C Boulard
- IJPB (Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin), INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026, Versailles, France
| | - S Baud
- IJPB (Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin), INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026, Versailles, France
| | - B Dubreucq
- IJPB (Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin), INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026, Versailles, France
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Abstract
Studying seed oil metabolism. The seeds of higher plants represent valuable factories capable of converting photosynthetically derived sugars into a variety of storage compounds, including oils. Oils are the most energy-dense plant reserves and fatty acids composing these oils represent an excellent nutritional source. They supply humans with much of the calories and essential fatty acids required in their diet. These oils are then increasingly being utilized as renewable alternatives to petroleum for the chemical industry and for biofuels. Plant oils therefore represent a highly valuable agricultural commodity, the demand for which is increasing rapidly. Knowledge regarding seed oil production is extensively exploited in the frame of breeding programs and approaches of metabolic engineering for oilseed crop improvement. Complementary aspects of this research include (1) the study of carbon metabolism responsible for the conversion of photosynthetically derived sugars into precursors for fatty acid biosynthesis, (2) the identification and characterization of the enzymatic actors allowing the production of the wide set of fatty acid structures found in seed oils, and (3) the investigation of the complex biosynthetic pathways leading to the production of storage lipids (waxes, triacylglycerols). In this review, we outline the most recent developments in our understanding of the underlying biochemical and molecular mechanisms of seed oil production, focusing on fatty acids and oils that can have a significant impact on the emerging bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Baud
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, RD10, 78026, Versailles Cedex, France.
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